BOOK 1
UNIT 1
While…，…“ while ”引导的状语从句与主句的意思相反
Notonly…,but also… not only”位于句首，因含有否定意义hot”，not only
引导的句子应该用部分倒装，but also引导的句子语序不变
UNIT 2
…as…/ As…，….aS'引导的时间状语从句，表示从句与从句的动作在同一时间发生。
While + V-i ng…，….while ”引导的时间状语从句中主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表主动关系，将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing形式。
UNIT 3
Eve n though/Eve n if/ Although …,…
…eve n though/even if/although…即使”让步状语从句
非谓语动词V-ed & V-ing的一种用法：连词引导的状语从句中主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，省略从句的主语，如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表主动关系，将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing形式。如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表被动关系，将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ed形式。Conjunction + V-ing（与主语是主动关系）???, Subject （主语）+ V …
状语从句主句
Conjunction + V-ed（与主语是被动关系）???, Subject （主语）+ V…
状语从句主句
UNIT 4
非谓语动词V-ed & V-ing的一种用法：连词引导的状语从句中主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，省略从句的主语，如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表主动关系，将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing形式。如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表被动关系，将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ed形式。连词可以省略。
V-ing（与主语是主动关系）…,Subject （主语）+ V…
V-ed（与主语是被动关系）…,Subject住语）+ V…
Subject （主语）+ V…，v-ing（与主语是主动关系）???,
Subject住语）+ V…，v-ed（与主语是被动关系）…,
…so…（that）…
UNIT 5
定语从句（Attributive Clause）
Despite / In spite of/ Regardless of…，…（尽管” Despite 后跟名词或名词性
短
UNIT 6
So/ Nor/ Neither引导的部分倒装的省略句。（So表示“也” Nor/ Neither “也不”。）
Even if/ even though / although
UNIT 7
“have + object （宾语） + V-ed ” 宾语与V 是被动关系rather than 引导并列结构“而不是”
UNIT 8
定语从句（Attributive Clause ）
The more …,the more …
UNIT 9
If 引导的条件句中的谓语情态动词为should 的倒装结构，省略if, 将should 放于句首，从句中其他成分语序不发生变化，主句语序没有变化。instead of “而不”
UNIT 10
状语从句（Adverbial Clause）
what引导的名词性从句（Noun Claus? （主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）
BOOK 2
UNIT 1
…,much less…（“更不用说”部分倒装）
…,whereas…（从句与主句意思相反）
UNIT 2
…despite/ in spite of/ regardless o…（后跟名词或名词性短语）
… , neither/ nor …（“也不”部分倒装）
UNIT 3
…not/ never too…to…（再怎么…也得…”）
An appositional structure （同位语成分）
UNIT 4
“”引导的形式主语
so/ as long as…（只要）
“which”弓I导的定语从句
…so…that…
UNIT 6
As A is （to B）, so is C （to D）.
“V-ing”participle clause with a conjunction （连词加动词-ing 形式的状语从句：从句与主句主语一致，省略从句主语，从句谓语动词与主句主语表主动关系，用谓语动词-ing 形式）
UNIT 7
….,in addition to other things / among other things （除了其他事情之夕卜”
The more …,the more …
UNIT 8
含否定意义的词或短语（如On no account, Little, Not until, Hardly, Under no circumstance9 位于句首所引导的部分倒装
While/ Although …,…
UNIT 9
…,eve n if/ eve n though …（即使）
The more …,the more …
UNIT 10
…,as though/ as if…a subjunctive mood…（好像”条件句中的事件明显不真
实，那条件句中应该使用虚拟语气）
whichever + n + V…."whichever引导的名词性从句在主句中做主语、表语、宾语、同位语，whichever 不能换为no matter which
BOOK 3
UNIT 1
no matter how/ who/ what/ where/ which/ whether, ect. 让步状语从句“无论”
Just as…,…Just as引导的状语从句，“正如”
UNIT 2
同位语(An appositional)
独立主格结构(An Absolute Structure)连词引导的状语从句中主句的主语与从句的主语不一致时，省略从句的连词，如果从句中的谓语动词与从句的主语表主动关系，将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing 形式；如果从句中的谓语动词与从句的主语表被动关系，将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ed形式。
As 引导的并列句正如” “in the way that" in the manner tha" like”
Once…，…once作为连词引导的时间状语从句一旦” “from the moment that"
UNIT 4
独立主格结构
“连词+ 介词短语”结构“ conjun cti on + prepositi onal phrase"
UNIT 5
Not untill引导的时间状语位于句首时，主句部分倒装：“ Not untill从句主语+从句谓语…+主句谓语动词的助动词/主句系动词/主句情态动词+主句主语+之后的语序不变化”
非谓语动词V-ing的做状语的用法：连词引导的状语从句中主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，省略连词、省略从句的主语，如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表主动关系，将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing形式。
V-ing（与主语是主动关系）…,Subject 住语）+ V … 状语
Subject 住语）+ V …，v-ing（与主语是主动关系）???,
状语
UNIT 6
…so that…这样”
…,which…which引导的非限定性定语从句
UNIT 7
As to +名词/名词性短语/名词性从句，… 至于”
There/ It is no use （po int, sen se,ect）（in） doing…
UNIT 8
What if…？如果…呢？”
with + n. + prepositi onal phrase
UNIT 9
while
含否定意义的词或短语位于句首所引导的部分倒装
UNIT 10
Whatever，whoever, whichever, wherever, howeve引导的让步状语从句，可以替换为
no matter what/ who/ which / where/ how, ect.
将“If -clause”改写为由and”连接的两个句字中的第一个句子，一般为祈使句（表条件），第二个句子是第一个句子的结果。
BOOK 4
UNIT 1
… not^ other tharr… other than”表“除了”
would/ need/should/might/must have done
UNIT 2
if 引导的与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构
it 作为形式主语
UNIT 3
be + V-ed + to 注意语态和时态，尤其是to 后的语态和时态“ to be adj.”
“to do” to“be done”“to have done”“to have been done”
V + to do / V + doing
UNIT 4
rather than而不是”引导并列成分
倍数表达twice as…as” three times as…as”
UNIT 5
…not/n ever so … as.. 不如”
Sb. Might as well do sth. might as well” 不防”
UNIT 6
It is + adj. +to do / that clause
Suppose 作为连词引导的条件从句，表如果”
UNIT 7
more than” 后跟一个名词或形容词，表not only” having greater value or importance than something esl”e
noth ing less than"后跟一个名词或形容词，强调“ how surpris ing or importa nt sth. is”
UNIT 8
mi nd ”表“object to”dislike ” be anno yed by’,后跟“ if-clause”
“ V-i ng ”
no 作为限定词，后加名词单数或复数，位于句首，表示“not a” “not any”
UNIT 9
for all + noun phrase 表示“ despite” “尽管”
rather than 作为连词连接并列成分
UNIT 10
no matter who/ what/ which/ when/how/ where, ect. 让步状语从句“无论”
so…that...位于句首用部分倒装“So adj/ adv +部分倒装”
初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于： What does your father do?
高考英语语法总结 一．非谓语动词 一．不定式： 一）不定式的常考形式： 1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能：表示与谓语动词同步发生 2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语----将要发生 2）不定式做状语----目的 3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三)不定式的省略 1)感官动词see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性； + doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作） " 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable. 2) 使役动词have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后 要还原to I 'd like to have John do it. I have my package weighed. Paul doesn't have to be made to learn. 3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do 四)有些动词后只跟不定式如： want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet．（NMET 1995） A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．to have met （Key：C） 五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式
英语句型结构总结 1 see，hear，notice，find，feel，listen to，look at (感官动词)+ sb +do 例如：I like watching monkeys jump. 2（比较级and比较级）表示越来越…… 3 a piece of cake =easy小菜一碟（容易）补：a place of interest名胜 4 agree with sb.赞成某人 5 all kinds of各种各样 a kind of一种/样 6 all over the world = the whole world整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随……例如：I will go along with you我将和你一起去 The students planted trees along with their teachers.学生同老师们一起种树。 8 As soon as一……就…… 9 as you can see你是知道的 10 ask for …… 求助向……要……（直接接想要的东西)例如：ask you for my book 11 ask sb. for sth.向某人什么 12 ask sb. to do sth.询问某人某事ask sb. not to do sth.叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of在……岁时例如：I am sixteen. I am at the age of sixteen. 的起初；……的开始 14 at the beginning of ……… 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾例如：At the end of the day 16 at this time of year在每年的这个时候补：at least至少 17 be /feel confident of sth. /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信例如：I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing表：1现在进行时2将来时 19 be able to (+ v.原) = can (+ v.原）能够……例如：She is able to sing. She can sing.补：base on 以……（为)根据 20 be able to do sth.能够干什么例如：She is able to sing. 21 be afraid to do (of sth.恐惧，害怕……例如：I'm afraed to go out at night. I'm afraid of dog. 22 be allowed to do被允许做什么例如：I'm allowed to watch TV.我被允许看电视。I should be allowed to watch TV.我应该被允许看电视。 23 be angry with sb.生某人的气例如：Don't be angry with me.
专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
高中英语句型归纳 1. There is no doing 结构。其意为“不可能…”、“无法…”： There’s no denying the fact. 这一事实不容否认。 There is no getting over the difficulty. 这困难无法克服。 There is no knowing what he will do next. 无法知道他下一步要干什么。 There was no telling when she would be back。没法知道她什么时候回来。 2. There is no difficulty in doing sth结构。意为“做某事没有困难”： There is no difficulty in finding his office. 找到了他的办公室没费一点劲。 There was no difficulty in carrying out the plan. 执行这项计划没什么困难。 3. There’s no doubt of sth. / dong sth / that … 结构。意为“毫无疑问…”： There is no doubt of his success. 毫无疑问他一定会成功。 There could be no doubt that he was one of the best writer in this country. 毫无疑问他是这个国家最优秀的作家之一。 4. There is no hurry (to do sth) 句式。其意为“不用急(于做某事)”： There’s no hurry to return the book. 现在不急于还书。 There’s no hurry, so do it slowly an d carefully. 不用赶时间，要慢慢细心地做。 5.There’s no need ( for sb. ) to do sth. …结构。其意为“不需要或不必要…”： There is no need for help. 不需要帮助。 There is no need for you to go. 你没有必要去。 8. There is no sense in doing sth 结构。意为“做某事没有道理或好处”： There’s no sense in criticizing him. 批评他也没有用。 There’s no sense in waiting three hours. 等三小时是不没有道理的。 9. There’s no point in doing sth 句式。意为“做某事没有用”： There’s no point (in) telling her about is. 告诉她没有用。 There’s no point in wasting time. 耗时间没用。 10. There is no possibility of sth ./ that …. 【注】以上有的结构中的no根据情况也可换成其他限定词： There is some difficulty in doing sth意为“做某事有些困难”。 There is much difficulty in doing sth意为“做某事许多困难”。 There’s a need for…意为“需要或有必要…”。 10 prefer (1) prefer to do sth 例：I prefer to stay at home. (2) prefer doing sth 例：I prefer playing in defence. (3) prefer sb to do sth 例：Would you prefer me to stay? (4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……宁愿…...而不愿.…". 例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out (5) prefer doing sth to doing sth 例：I prefer watching football to playing it. (6) prefer sth to sth 例：I prefer tea to coffee. 我要茶不要咖啡。 11. seem (1) It +seems + that从句例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied. (2) It seems to sb that --- 例：It seems to me that she is right. (3) There seems to be ---- 例：There seems to be a heavy rain. (4) It seems as if ---- 例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class. 12. 表示“相差……；增加了……；增加到……”句型： (1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸 (2) There is one year between us. 我们之间相差一岁。 (3) She is three years old than I 她比我大三岁。 (4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他们把价格上涨了50% 13.too句型： (1) too．．．to do sth．例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians． （＝Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians．） (2) only too --- to do sth 例：I shall be only too pleased to get home. (3) too + adj + for sth 例：These shoes are much too small for me. (4) too + adj + a + n. 例：This is too difficult a text for me. (5) can't … too +形容词无论……也不为过 例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 14. before 句型： (1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及…… 例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me． (2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间…… 例：It will be 4 years before he graduates. (3) had done some time before （才……） 例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. (4) had not done --- before --- 不到……就…… 例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. (5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就…… 例：It wasn’t two years before he left the count ry. 15. 用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型： (1) should like to/ would like to/ would love to have done sth.
初中英语常用语法结构图示 一、词法： 单数 普通名词可数名词复数，复数变化规则 名词不规则名词复数形式 不可数名词及量的表示 专有名词: 人名、地名、国家名。大写，不加冠词 名词的格’s 多用于有生命的事物 of 多用于无生命的事物 人称代词：主格与宾格：人称代词的排序； 物主代词：形容词性物主代词；名词性物主代词 反身代词：构成；Own 的用法 that, this, these, those的用法； 指示代词such, so 的用法,the same as.的用法； so+（助）动词＋主语与so+主语＋（助）动词的区别。 代词one, another, the other, others, other等词的用法; one与it的区别; both,与all的区别; some, any的用法区别. 不定代词every与each的用法 either，neither，none的用法 -body,-one-thing-where与some, any, every，no的组合； any，many ，a few，few，much，a little，little等词的用法。 疑问代词：who, what, which, whose, whom It的用法表示天气、气候、季节、时间、阴暗、距离、状况等做主语； 作形式主语与形式宾语； 定冠词的用法：特指 冠词：（a, an, the）不定冠词的用法：不特指 不用冠词的情况 作用:定语和表语及其位置. The＋形容词＝复数名词 用法 单音节词 形容词构成双音节词 多音节词 比较级与最高级不规则词 as+原级+as ；not as(so)＋原级+ as 比较级＋比较级 The＋比较级+范围 The＋比较级，the +比较级 序数词+最高级 副词与形容词的用法区别及相互转换 级别方面用法与形容词相同 already, yet; ago, before, since; now, just now; sometime. Some time, sometimes;频度副词； 副词几个副词的用法so that, so…that; too…to; too, either, everyday, every day, every other day; enough;
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
各种英语句型结构总结 各种英语句型结构总结 一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词 affordtodosth.负担得起做某事 agreetodosth.同意做某事 arrangetodosth.安排做某事 asktodosth.要求做某事 begtodosth.请求做某事 caretodosth.想要做某事 choosetodosth.决定做某事 decidetodosth.决定做某事 demandtodosth.要求做某事 determinetodosth.决心做某事 expecttodosth.期待做某事 feartodosth.害怕做某事 helptodosth.帮助做某事 hopetodosth.希望做某事 managetodosth.设法做某事 offertodosth.主动提出做某事 plantodosth.计划做某事
preparetodosth.准备做某事 pretendtodosth.假装做某事 promisetodosth.答应做某事 refusetodosth.拒绝做某事 wanttodosth.想要做某事 wishtodosth.希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：aimtodosth.打算做某事 failtodosth.未能做某事 longtodosth.渴望做某事 happentodosth.碰巧做某事 hesitatetodosth.犹豫做某事 struggletodosth.努力做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词 advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事 allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事 asksb.todosth.请（叫）某人做某事 bearsb.todosth.忍受某人做某事 begsb.todosth.请求某人做某事 causesb.todosth.导致某人做某事 commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事 drivesb.todosth.驱使某人做某事 electsb.todosth.选举某人做某事
一、选择题 1．Speak louder, ________ you can’t make yourself________. A．and; hear B．or; hear C．and; heard D．or; heard 2．The woman made her husband_______ outside the gate yesterday afternoon. A．wait B．waiting C．to wait D．waited 3．Coffee is ready. How nice it ______! Would you like some? A．looks B．smells C．sounds D．feels 4．My mother with me ________ at my grandma’s home ________that snowy night. A．were, at B．was, at C．was, on 5．My parents don’t_______me eat_______junk food. A．like; too many B．want; too much C．ask; too many D．let; too much 6．—_______everyone get tired today? —Yes, we_______very tired the whole afternoon. A．Does; are all B．Do; are all C．Does; all are D．Is; all are 7．—Why ______ you so busy these days? —Because they arrived ______ London ______ the morning of July1. A．are; in , in B．are; in , on C．do; on , in D．do; at , on 8．I think the music is great , and it is worth________ A．to listen B．to listen to C．listening D．listening to 9．—What will the weather _______tomorrow? — It is going to_______ . A．be like; rainy B．be like; rain C．like; rain D．like; rainy 10．—When you free last week? — Well, I have a free day because there was too much work. A．did; didn’t B．were; didn’t C．were; wasn’t D．did; wasn’t 11．—He’s never been late for school. —________________. A．So have I B．So am I C．Neither have I D．Nor am I 12．These chicken wings taste ________. I want more. A．well B．wonderfully C．nice D．bad 13．________he_______big________? A．Does; has; foot B．Does; have; feet C．Do; have; foots 14．2019 has come. I hope everyone can make his dream ________. A．came true B．come true C．comes true D．coming true 15．—I am feeling ill. What should I do? — eating junk food and breakfast every day.
八年级下册英语语法知识点归纳总结 He said I was hard-working. 重点语法：宾语从句 结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语) 例句：----Im good at English. He says. (改为加宾语从句的复合句) ----He says Im good at English. 注意：①主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。 例句：He says Im good at English now. He says I was good at mathematics when I was young. ②主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。 例句：He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday. He said I was good at English now yesterday. ③宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。 例句：Our teacher says 24 hours make a day. Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday. ④动词原形不能作主语，必须用其 -ing 形式。 例句：She said helping others changed her life. 重点短语：direct speech 直接引语
reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语 first of all = at first 首先 pass on 传递 be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好 in good health 身体健康 get over 克服 open up 打开 care for = take care of = look after 照料;照顾 not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再 have a cold 感冒 end-of-year exam 年终考试 get nervous 变得紧张 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(该事未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做某事(该事已做) its + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[对某人来说](加形容词) context 上下文 Reading Strategy(阅读方法) First read for meaning， not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的细节部分。) You can understand the meaning of a word you dont know from
高中英语语法总结（完整版；高中必看！） 专题一：定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom指人在从句中作宾语 whose指人或物在从句中作定语 as指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个
（2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
简单句的五种基本结构 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型结构如下： 主语 谓语 用符号表示为： ① Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） ① Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） ① Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） ① Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） ① Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 主语（subject ） 谓语（predicate ） 宾语（object ） 定语（attribute ） 状语(adverbial) 补语（complement ） 表语（predicative ） 基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） 这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语，常见的不及物动词有： act, come, go, work, last, fall, cry, disappear, appear, smile, rise, ring, live, look, listen, laugh, hurry, talk, sleep, graduate, die, care, agree, jump, fail, wait, succeed, stay, sit, lie, shine, happen, take place, rain, snow, ect. 如: It is raining now. (Ｓ Ｖ) We've worked for 5 hours. (Ｓ Ｖ) The meeting lasted half an hour. (Ｓ Ｖ) Time flies. (Ｓ Ｖ) 基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 此结构是由“主语+及物动词（词组）+宾语”构成。宾语可以是名词、代词、数词，动名词、动词不定式或词组、the +形容词、分词以及从句等。如， She likes English. We planted a lot of trees on the farm yesterday. 用下划线划出下列句中的宾语： 1. People all over the world speak English. 2.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 3.He did not know what to say. 4.He just wanted to stay at home. vi. vt . link.v. 宾语 宾语（间）宾语（直） 宾语 宾语补足语 表语 ① ⑤ ② ④ ③
初中英语语法知识点总结-句子的基本结构
3)表延续的动词: remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。 5、定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。 The black bike is mine.（形容词） The boy in blue is Jim.（介词短语） I have nothing to do today.（动词不定式） 注意：1) 当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing , anything , everything , something等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语。例如： I tell him something interesting. 2) 不定式、短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。 例如：The boys who are in the room are playing games. 6、状语：用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句，位置灵活。 1、修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前； I am very sorry. 2、表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首。In order to cheer him up, I told him the truth. They are writing English in the classroom. 3、一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。 We often help him.
He is always late for class. 7、补语：补充说明宾语的情况。由n./adj./介宾/分词/不定式等担任。常位于宾语后。 He made me sad.（形容词） She asks me to take an umbrella.（不定式） The war made him a soldier.（名词） I find him at home.（介词短语） I saw a cat running along the wall.（分词） 8、同位语：同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. I myself will do the experiment. She is the oldest among them six. 一）. 简单句五种基本句型： 句子包含主要句子成分(主语、谓语)和次要句子成分(表语、宾语、宾语补足语),按照动词的性质将英语简单句划分为以下五种基本句型：1、基本句型的词序：
八年级下册英语语法知识点归纳总结 （2021最新版） 作者：______ 编写日期：2021年__月__日 【导语】要想取得好的学习成绩，必须要有良好的学习习惯。习惯是经过重复练习而巩固下来的稳重持久的条件反射和自然需要。建立良好的学习习惯，就会使自己学习感到有序而轻松。以下是小编为您整理的《八年级下册英语语法知识点归纳总结》，供大家查阅。 【篇一】 He said I was hard-working. 重点语法：宾语从句结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语) 例句：----Im good at English. He says. (改为加宾语从句的复合句)
----He says Im good at English. 注意：①主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。例句：He says Im good at English now. He says I was good at mathematics when I was young. ②主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。例句：He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday. He said I was good at English now yesterday. ③宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。例句：Our teacher says 24 hours make a day. Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday. ④动词原形不能作主语，必须用其 -ing 形式。例句：She said helping others changed her life. 重点短语：direct speech 直接引语 reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语 first of all = at first 首先 pass on 传递 be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好 in good health 身体健康 get over 克服 open up 打开 care for = take care of = look after 照料;照顾 not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再 have a cold 感冒 end-of-year exam 年终考试 get nervous 变得紧张 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(该事未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做某事(该事已做) its + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[对某人来说](加形容词) context 上下文 Reading Strategy(阅读方法) First read for meaning， not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的细节部分。) You can understand the meaning of a word you dont know from the context. (至于不懂的单词，