语法复习七:倒装句

英语最基本的语序是主语在前, 谓语动词在后。 但有时由于句子结构 的需要或表示强调,就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前 称为完全倒装,只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。强 调性倒装和以 so, neither, nor开头的句子是高考例题的热点。

(一)倒装句的意义

1、适应一定的语法结构的需要,主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。 e.g. May I come in?

Was the People’s Liberation Army founded in 1927?

2、为了强调某一部分,而把这部分放到句首,构成倒装。

e.g. Never have I been late for school this term.

So early did he come to school that no other students came.

(二)倒装的使用情况

1、在 “there be” 结构里, there 是引导词,主语在 be 后。

e.g. There is a box on the table.

2、在疑问句中。

e.g. Is she singing in the classroom?

What does your mother do?

3、在 here, there等副词开头的某些句子里(要用一般现在时态) 。如 果主语是人称代词,主语和主要动词的词序不变。 (完全倒装)

e.g. There goes the bell.

Here is an apple for you.

There she comes.

4、重复倒装句型,用在以 so, nor, neither开头,表示谓语所述的情况 也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。 so 用于肯定句, 表示 “也 一样” 、 “也这样” ; nor, neither用于否定句, 表示 “同样也不, 也不这样” 。 e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.

My parents didn’t watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.

5、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时,主句中的主谓也常直接倒 装。 (完全倒装)

e.g. “Very well,” said the French student.

“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” said he.

6、在以 never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副词开头 的句子中,采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。

6、在以 never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副词开头 的句子中,采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。

e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.

Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.

比较:I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.

7、用于以 only 所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子 中。

e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk.

Only in this way can we learn English well.

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