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人教版book5 unit2 the united kingdom grammar 教师版

人教版book5 unit2 the united kingdom grammar 教师版
人教版book5 unit2 the united kingdom grammar 教师版

过去分词做宾语补足语

一、概念

宾语补足语:在英语中,某些及物动词不仅需要宾语,而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语,即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态,这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。也可把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。

过去分词作宾语补足语:英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。过去分词作宾语补足语时,与宾语有着动宾关系,宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。

She found the door broken in when she came back. (宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。)

二、能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有以下几类

1. 过去分词在have, make, get, keep, leave等使役动词的宾语后面作宾语补足语。例如:

注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:

A ) 表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"

I have had my bike repaired.

The villagers had many trees planted just then.

即时演练:

C 1. I have had my bike ___ , and I’m going to have somebody ___ my radio tomorrow.

A. to repair

B. repairing; to be repaired

C. repaired; repair

D.to repair; repairing

B 2.Jane got her bad tooth ___ at the dentist’s.

A.to put in

B. pulled out

C. pushed out

D. drawing out

C 4.I’m going to have my letters ____ tomorrow if I’ve got them ready by then.

A.to type

B. type

C. typed

D. typing

B ) 表"遭遇到某种不幸,受到打击/受....影响,蒙受..... 损失"

E.g.: I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.

即时演练:

1.The old man had his leg broken (break) in the accident

C ) "make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如:

She managed to make herself understood.

I raised my voice to make myself heard.

即时演练:

D 1.___ poor at English, I’m afraid I can’t m ake myself ___.

A. To be; understand

B. I’m; to understand

C. Being; understanding

D. Being; understood

D 2. You must get the work ___ before Friday.

A.do

B.to do

C. doing

D. done

3. They kept the door locked (lock) for a long time.

4. Don't leave the windows broken (break) like this all the time.

2. 过去分词在want, like, wish, order等表示“希望”、“要求”、“命令”意义的动词的宾语后面作

宾语补足语。例如:

The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.

I want the suit made to my measure.

I wish the problem settled.

I would like my house painted white.

即时演练:

C 1. I don’t want the children ___ out in such weather.

A.take

B. to take

C. taken

D. taking

D 2.You must get the work ___ before Friday.

A.do

B. to do

C. doing

D. done

C 3. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ___ the next year.

A. carry out

B. carrying out

C. carried out

D. to carry out

3. 过去分词在see, hear, watch, feel, find, observe, notice, look at, listen to, think等表示感觉和心理

状态的动词的宾语后面作宾语补足语。例如:

When we got to school, we saw the door locked.

We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

He felt himself cheated

I found my wallet stolen.

即时演练:

B 1.We found her greatly ___.

A.improving

B. changed

C. to help

D. having disturbed

D 2.____ his team had won, his face lit up at once.

A. Knowing

B. When knowing

C. after knowing

D. When he knew

C 3.They hurried back home only to find their house ___ into.

A.break

B. to break

C. broken

D. breaking

A 4.We do not feel ___ to enter modern buildings; everything about them seems unfriendly.

A.invited

B. inviting

C. to invite

D. to be invited

三、在“with +宾语+过去分词”这一结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语,这一结构通常

在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.

With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.

With everything well arranged, he left the office.

即时演练:

D 1.The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.

A. being tied

B. having tied

C.to be tied

D. tied

A 2.With a lot of difficulties ___ , they went to the seashore and had a good rest.

A.settled

B. settling

C.to settle

D. being settled

D 3.When he woke up, he found himself ___ on a chair, with his hands ___ back.

A.to sit; tied

B. sitting; tying

C. sat; tied

D. sitting; tied

四、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式做宾补的区别。

(1)现在分词做宾语补足语时,从逻辑上,他与宾语来说是主动(谓)关系,即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的发出者。而且它强调的是动作在进行或者是在延续。

(2)不定式做宾语补足语与宾语在逻辑上来说也是主动(谓)关系,但它不表示动作正在进行,而强调的是动作的全过程。

(3)过去分词做宾语补足语时,它与宾语在逻辑上是一种动宾关系,即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的承受着。

I heard the song sung in English.

I heard her sing the song in English.

I saw him opening the window.

I saw him open the window.

I saw the window opened.

课后练习:

一、单选

B 1.___ the room, the nurse found the tape-recorder ___.

A. Entering; stealing

B. Entering; gone

C. To have entered; being stolen

D. Having entered; to be stolen

A 2.We are pleased to see the problem ___ so quickly.

A.settled

B. having been settled

C. be settled

D. settling

C 3.Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.

A.it

B. it repaired

C. repaired

D. to be repaired

A 4. It is wise to have some money ___ for old age.

A. put away

B. keep up

C. give away

D. laid up

D 5.The research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be done to change it.

A.begins

B. having begun

C. beginning

D. begun

D 6.___ ,they went home,___.

A. Their work had been finished; singing and laughing

B. They had finished their work; sang and laughed

C. Their work finished; singing and laughing

D. after their work finished; singing and laughing

C 7.____,the experiment will be successful.

A.I f carefully doing

B. If it done carefully

C. If carefully done

D. If doing carefully

A8.____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.

A.Given

B. To give

C. Giving

D. Having given

D 9.___ from space, the earth with water ___70% of its surface looks like a "blue blanket".

A. Seen; covered

B. Being seen; covers

C. Seeing; covering

D. Seen; covering

二、完形填空

Six continuous days of spring rain had created a fierce and rapid river running by Nancy Brown's farm. As she tried to drive her __1__ to higher ground to escape the disastrous flood, she __2__ and hit her head on a __3__ tree trunk. The fall knocked her __4__ for a moment or two. When she came to, Lizzie, one of her oldest and __5__ cows, was licking(舔) her __6__. The water was constantly __7__. Nancy got up and began walking __8__ with Lizzie. The water was now waist high. Nancy's __9__ got slower and slower. Finally, all she could do was to throw her arms __10__ Lizzie's neck and try to __11__. About 20 minutes later, Lizzie managed to __12__ herself and Nancy out of the rough water and onto a bit of high land, a small island now in the middle of acres of __13__ water.

However, even though it was about noon, the sky was so __14__ and the rain and lightning so bad that it took __15__ another two hours to discover Nancy and her cows. A(n) __16__ lowered a paramedic (医务辅助人员), who __17__ Nancy to a life-support hoist(吊架). They raised her into the helicopter and took her to the school gym, where the Red Cross had __18__ an emergency shelter.

When the flood died down several days later, Nancy immediately __19__ the “island”. Lizzie was __20__. She was one of the 19 cows that Nancy lost. “I owe my life to her,”said Nancy sobbingly, knowing Lizzie, which rescued her, left helplessly, leaving her a new hope to live on, for which even thanks or miss seemed “unnecessary”.

1.A. sheep B. cows C. horses D. cattle

2.A. shouted B. stood C. stopped D. slipped

3.A. fallen B. grown C. hidden D. spread

4.A. out B. in C. away D. down

5.A. last B. first C. favorite D. best

6.A. body B. head C. face D. mouth

7.A. increasing B. flowing C. running D. rising

8.A. easily B. slowly C. hardly D. hurriedly

9.A. move B. breath C. pace D. action

10.A. above B. around C. over D. into

11.A. hang on B. hold back C. stretch out D. take off

12.A. pull B. push C. carry D. force

13.A. clean B. blue C. white D. green

14.A. bright B. dark C. clear D. rainy

15.A. rescuers B. villagers C. soldiers D. policemen

16.A. lifeboat B. helicopter C. plane D. ambulance

17.A. sent B. attached C. connected D. dragged

18.A. worked out B. got into C. put down D. set up

19.A. ran out of B. went away from C. went back to D. reached out for

20.A. gone B. existed C. disappeared D. approached

答案:BDAAC CDBCB AACBA BBDCA

三、阅读理解

Before I had my son, I spent two years working with children with disabilities. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster. Coming up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behavior more extreme. I found something that worked, though.

There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him. One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.

I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boy's teacher was in tears, and could not get control of the situation. As we were talking, the boy ran in. I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.

I closed the door. He was full of energy, throwing things around and making a huge mess. But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me. He needed connection, and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it. So I sat back down and kept quiet. Then he slowed down and began making a rocket. I talked to him about it. We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation:“So what happened today?”

It was purely a question, no blame or anger in my tone. I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed. He told me that the teacher didn't let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked. He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game. I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset. This again was stated simply as a fact. I suggested that next time he had a session, he talk about what he hoped to do at the start, which might be easier for everyone. He agreed and was quiet for a moment. Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.

1.The boy made trouble for his teacher because he ________.

A. was accused of destroying property

B. was told not to yell at other children

C. was made to do things against his will

D. was blamed for creating an air of tension

2.Why didn't the author do anything about the boy's bad behavior at first?

A. She didn't want to make it worse.

B. She didn't mind the huge mess at all.

C. She was tired of shouting and threats.

D. She hadn't thought of a coping strategy.

3.The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by ________.

A. playing games with him

B. giving him a good suggestion

C. describing his teacher's feelings

D. avoiding making critical remarks

4.Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end?

A. He was sorry about his reputation.

B. He was regretful about his behavior.

C. He was fearful of the author's warning.

D. He was sad for the author's misunderstanding.

答案:CADB

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