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最新外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(含练习)

最新外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(含练习)
最新外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(含练习)

下册重要知识点梳理

词类

1)物主代词:表示所属关系的代词(…属于谁的)

形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系:

形容词性物主代词:必须和名词在一起。My father, your teacher...

物主代词

名词性物主代词:相当于与之相对应的形容词性物主代词+名词。

This shirt is mine. =This is my shirt.

练习(1)选择题。

()1. Look at . A. him B. he C. his

()2. I drive to the park every day. A. they B. their C. them

()3. classroom is big. A. we B. us C. Our

()4. I love . A. she B. her C. hers

()5. Do you know ? A. I B. my C. me

()6. I am son. A. they B. their C. them

()7. This is not _____ desk.. My desk is over there. A. I B. my C. me

()8. -Can you spell _____ name, Harry? -Sorry. A. you B. your C. yours

()9. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _____ room. A. they B. them C. their ()10. We are in the same class. _____ classroom is very nice. A. our B. my C. ours ()11. Mrs. Green is my teacher. I’m _____ student. A. he B. his C. him

()12. That’s a cat. _____ name is Mimi. A. It B. It’s C. Its

(2)用括号里的代词的适当形式填空

1, Mr Yang is _____(we) teacher.______(him) is from Beijing. _______(his) teaches______(our) English. 2, Look,there is a cat._______(they) is Lily's.____(it) name is Mimi.

3, Let______(I) tell ______(she) about_____(he) life at school.

4, This is ______(they) room.Where is _____(our)? 5, Don't use the eraser.______ is ______(me).

6, The lady under the tree is ______(me) aunt._____(her) often sings with _____(she) husband

2)情态动词can

1.含义:表达人或物的能力,能或会…

2.特点:情态动词can没有人称和数的变化,之后要加动词原形。

3.否定形式:cannot(正式用法)=can’t(口语)

4.句型结构:

肯定句:主语+ 情态动词+ 动词原形+ 其他+ 。

She / They can swim well.

否定句:主语+ 情态动词+ not + 动词原形+ 其他+ 。

She / They can not swim well.

一般疑问句:情态动词+ 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ?

Can she / they swim well? Yes, she / they can. / No, she / they can’t.

特殊疑问句:疑问词+ 情态动词+ 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ?

Why can she / they swim well? Who can swim well?

练习:

( ) 1) The sign on the wall means you stay away from the building.

A. must

B. can’t

C. shouldn't

( ) 2) How many books you see on the desk? A. may B. can C. should ( )3) --- you see the sign over there? --- Sorry, I can’t. A. Can B. Can’t C. Should

4. I can run fast. I ________ ________ fast. (否定句)

5. He can play basketball well. (一般疑问句)_______ he ______ basketball well?

3)介词

over

在……

...在...正下方

between ...and ...在两者之间

Lingling sits between Tony and Daming. 玲玲坐在托尼和大明之间

among 在三者或三者以上之间

Miss Li is among lots of students. 李老师在许多同学之间

注意:介词短语常和be动词连用。

时态

1)一般将来时

时间状语:in+一段时间;tomorrow;in the future; next+时间;this+时间(表示将来时间的状语)﹙Ⅰ﹚be(is,am.are)going to 的用法。

含义:计划,打算做某事

将来时句型结构:

一般将来时be going to+动词原形

肯定句结构:主语+be going to +动词原形+其他.

否定句结构:主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他.

一般疑问句:be动词提前

Be +主语+going to +动词原形+其他?

肯定回答:Yes,主语+be.

否定回答:No,主语+be not.

注意:①表示计划到某地去,谓语动词go与going重复,一般只说be going to +地点.

②come/go/arrive/leave等表示位置转移的动词可用于现在进行表将来。

Eg:

I am going to London next year.

She is going to check her email.

Look! The bus is coming.

﹙Ⅱ﹚由shall和will引导的一般将来时

含义:将会…

特点:助动词shall和will没有人称和数的变化,之后要加动词原形。

shall在一般将来时中,一般用于第一人称之后。

例如:I/We shall have an English lesson.我们将有一节英语课。

否定形式:shall not=shan′t will not=won′t

将来时句型结构:

肯定句:主语+shall/will+do

否定句:主语+shall/will+not+do(will not 可缩写成wo n’t)

一般疑问句:shall/will+主语+ do

特殊疑问句:疑问词+ shall/will+主语+do

2)一般过去时

1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

2.标志性时间状语:yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年), two months ago(两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语连用。

3.动词结构:V-ed

动词过去式变化规则:

1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted

3.末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped

4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied

5.不规则动词过去式:

lose(丢失) ----lost

make(制造) ----made mean(意思) ----meant meet(见) ----met

pay(付) ----paid

say(说) ----said

sell(卖) ----sold send(送)----sent

sit(坐) ----sat

sleep(睡) ----slept smell(嗅) ----smelt spell(拼写) ----spelt spend(度过) ----spent stand(站) ----stood teach(教) ----taught

tell(告诉) ----told

win(赢) ----won

think(想) ----thought

understand(理解) ----understood begin(开始) ----began

blow(吹) ----blew

break(打破) ----broke

choose(选择) ----chose

do(做) ----did

draw(画) ----drew

drink(喝) ----drank

drive(驾驶) ----drove

eat(吃) ----ate

fall(落下) ----fell

fly(飞) ----flew

forget(忘) ----forgot give(给) ----gave

go(去) ----went

grow(成长) ----grew know(知道) ----knew lie(躺) ----lay----lain ring(按铃) ----rang write(写) ----wrote ride(骑) ----rode

see(看见)----saw show(出示) ----showed wake(弄醒) ----woke

sing(唱) ----sang

speak(讲话) ----spoke

steal(偷) ----stole wear(穿) ----wore

swim(泳) ----swam

take(拿) ----took

throw(扔) ----threw

become(成为) ----became come(来) ----came

run(跑) ----ran

4. 句式变化规则:

Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:

(1)am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn't)

(2)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren't)

(3)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句:didn't +动词原形,如:Jim went home yesterday.

Jim didn't go home yesterday.

一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如:Jim went home yesterday.

Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?如:Jim went home yesterday.

Did Jim go home yesterday?

What did Jim do yesterday?

练习:

一、填空

1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

I ________ have a picnic with my friends.

2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?

I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.

What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.

3. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)

Nancy ________ going to go camping.

4. I’ll go and join them.(改否定)

I _______ go ______ join them.

5. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)

________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

6. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)

_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.

二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。

三、1.Tom _______ (visit) a farm last week.

四、2. The twins _______ (water) the flowers in the garden yesterday morning.

五、3. I _______ (watch) a film with my friend last Friday.

六、4. My father _______ (be) in London last year.

七、5. What_______ (do) you do three days ago?

八、6. _______ (be) there any parks here in 1950?

九、7. What_________(do) you do just now? I __________ (wash) my clothes.

十、改写句子

十一、1. We are all happy.(改成一般过去时) We _____ all happy.

十二、2. I visit my grandparents every week. (用last week代替every week)

十三、 _______________________________________________________

3 There were some zebras in the zoo last year. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) _______________________________________________________________ 四、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.

2. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.

3. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.

4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?

5.It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend?

——She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.

6. What ___________ (do) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.

——What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.

7. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.

8. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.

9. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.

句型

1)特殊疑问句。

含义:以特殊疑问词开头的疑问句。

特殊疑问词总结:

①what 什么(职业,姓名等)

what day 星期几What day is it today?

what size 多大尺码What size are your shoes?

what time =when 什么时间

what colour 什么颜色

what size 多大号

②when 什么时候(就时间提问)

where 什么地方(就地点提问)

who 谁(问人的身份,姓名等)

which 哪一个

why 为什么(就原因提问,常用because回答)

how 怎么样

how many多少(提问可数名词数量)How many books do you have ?

多少(提问不可数名词数量)How much water is there in the glass?

How much

多少钱(提问价格)

How old 几岁(提问年龄)

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Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? 1、speak ⑴speak用作及物动词,意为“说(某种语言)”,其宾语为()。 ⑵speak用作不及物动词,意为“说话”通常着重于“说、讲”这一动作,可用于(),表示“和某人说话”。 对点训练 ①Now I can a little English. ②我可以和珍妮说话吗? Can I Jenny. 2、want want及物动词,相当于would like,其常见搭配如下: ⑴想要某物() ⑵想要做某事() ⑶想要某人做某事() 3、join与join in 对点训练 ①I want to the basketball club. ②Ann often our games. 4、be good at 意为:“擅长······”,其后可接()、()、()做宾语,相当于() 对点训练 科比擅长打篮球 ①Kobe is basketball. ② Kobe basketball. 5、tell ⑴告诉某人(不)做某事() ⑵告诉某人某事()或()【提示:双宾语】

⑶告诉某人关于某事() 对点训练 ①请你给我讲个故事好吗? Will you please ? ②体育老师告诉我要经常进行体育运动。 The P.E. teacher play sports often. 6、show ⑴show用作名词,意为“演出,节目”,是可数名词;其常见词组为(),意为“展出”。 ⑵show用作及物动词,意为“给······看,展示”,其后常接人做宾语,表示“向某人展示”,也可以接双宾语()=() ⑶其他短语 出现,露面();炫耀();带领某人参观() 7、or ⑴or用于选择疑问句或肯定的陈述句中,意为“或者”,表示()关系。 ⑵or用于()中,意为“也不”,表示并列关系。 ⑶or用于“祈使句+or+陈述句”这一结构中,意为“否则”。 对点训练 ①你会唱歌或者跳舞吗? 我想吃个苹果或者橙子。 ②我不喜欢打篮球,也不喜欢听音乐。 ③快点,否则你将会迟到 Hurry up, you’ll . 8、tall ⑴talk,speak,tell,say

外研版初一下英语语法知识点总结

外研版初一下英语语法 知识点总结 文件编码(GHTU-UITID-GGBKT-POIU-WUUI-8968)

外研版初一下英语语法知识点总结最佳答案 一. 词汇 ⑴单词 1. 介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中", "在……内"。例如: in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on 表示"在……上"。例如: on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如: under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如:

behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如: near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如: at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如: a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2. 冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有 不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。a用在以辅 音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat.

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