大学英语一单词汇总
New Words and Expressions 1
off and on
from time to time; sometimes 断断续续地；有时
possibility
n. 可能（性）
take hold
become established 生根，确立
bore
vt. make (sb.) become tired and lose interest 使（人）厌烦associate
vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind 使联系起来；使联想assignment
n. a piece of work that is given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任务，作业
turn out
produce 编写；生产，制造
agony▲
n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body （身心的）极度痛苦assign
vt. give as a share or duty 分配，分派
anticipate
vt. expect 预期，期望
tedious
a. boring and lasting for a long time 乏味的；冗长的
reputation
n. 名声；名誉
inability
n. lack of power, skill or ability 无能，无力
inspire
vt. fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc. 激励，鼓舞
formal
a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘谨的；正式的，正规的
rigid
a. (often disapproving) fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict 一成不变的；严格的
hopelessly
ad. very much; without hope 十分，极度；绝望地
excessively
ad. 过分地
out of date
old-fashioned 过时的
prim
a. (usu. disapproving) (of a person) too formal or correct in behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude; neat 古板的，拘谨的；循规蹈矩的；整洁的
primly ad.
severe
a. completely plain; causing very great pain, difficulty, worry, etc. 朴素的；严重的，剧烈的
necktie
n. tie 领带
jaw
n. 颌，颚
comic▲
a. 滑稽的；喜剧的
n. 连环漫画（册）
antique
n. 古物，古玩
tackle
vt. try to deal with 处理，应付
essay
n. 散文，小品文；论说文
distribute
vt. divide and give out among people, places, etc. 分发，分配，分送finally
ad. at last 最终，终于
face up to
be brave enough to accept or deal with 勇敢地接受或对付
scan
v. look through quickly 浏览，粗略地看
spaghetti
n. 意大利式细面条
title
n. a name given to a book, film, etc. 标题，题目
vt. give a name to 给…加标题，加题目于
extraordinary
a. very unusual or strange 不同寻常的；奇特的
sequence
n. 一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序
image
n. a picture formed in the mind 形象；印象；（图）像
adult
n. a fully grown person or animal 成年人；成年动物
humor
n. 心情；幽默，诙谐
recall
vt. bring back to the mind; remember 回想起，回忆起
argument
n. 论据，论点；争论
respectable
a. (of behavior, appearance, etc.) socially acceptable 可敬的；体面的；文雅的
put down
write down 写下
recapture
vt. (lit) bring back into the mind; experience again 再现；再次经历relive
vt. experience again, esp. in one's imagination 再体验，重温violate
vt. act against 违背，违反
compose
vt. write or create (music, poetry, etc.) 创作
turn in
hand in (work that one has done) 交（作业）
command
n.,v.命令，指令
discipline
n. punishment; order kept (among school-children, soldiers, etc.) 惩罚，处分；纪律
what's more
in addition, more importantly 而且，此外；更有甚者
contempt▲
n. 轻视，轻蔑
ridicule
n. making or being made fun of 嘲笑，嘲弄；被戏弄
open-hearted
a. sincere, frank 诚挚的
hold back
prevent the expression of (feelings, tears, etc.) 控制（感情、眼泪等）avoid
vt. keep or get away from 避免
demonstration
n. act of showing or proving sth. 表明；证明
career
n. 生涯，事业；职业
seal
n. 印，图章
essence▲
n. the most important quality of a thing 本质；精髓
congratulation
n. (usu. pl) expression of joy for sb.'s success, luck, etc. 祝贺，恭喜New Words and Expressions 2
cabbie
n. (infml) a taxi driver
be lost in/lose oneself in
be absorbed in, be fully occupied with 专心致志于
windshield
n. (AmE) the glass window in the front of a car, truck, etc. （汽车的）
挡风玻璃
cab
n. a taxi 出租车
available
a. able to be used, had or reached 可用的；可得到的apologetically
ad. showing or saying that one is sorry for some fault or wrong 道歉地，带着歉意地
or something
(infml)(used when you are not very sure about what you have just said) 诸如此类的事
go ahead
continue; begin
know/learn by heart
memorize, remember exactly 记住，能背出
estimate
vt. form a judgement about 估计
might/may(just) as well
不妨，（也）无妨
not much of a
not a good 不太好的
keep up
continue without stopping 保持
correspondence
n. the act of writing, receiving or sending letters; letters 通信（联系）；信件
practically
ad. almost
kid
n. (infml) a child
all the way
自始至终，一直
neighborhood
n. 街坊；四邻
kind/sort of
(infml) a little bit, in some way or degree 有几分，有点儿
lose touch
失去联系
a couple of
几个；一对，一双
guy
n. 家伙；伙计
tough
a. (infml) unfortunate; difficult; strong 不幸的；困难的；坚固的；坚强的
on one's mind
挂记在心头
keep in touch (with)
（与…）保持联系，保持接触
come up
happen, occur, esp. unexpectedly （尤指意想不到地）发生，出现shrug
v. lift (the shoulders) slightly 耸（肩）
urge
v. try very hard to persuade 力劝，催促
postpone
vt. delay 推迟，使延期
reference
n. 提及，谈到；参考，查阅
absolutely
ad. completely 完全地，极其
absolute a.
reunion▲
n. （家人、朋友、同事等久别后的）重聚
go by
(of time) pass （时间）逝去
hang out
(infml) stay in or near a place, not doing very much 闲荡；徘徊every now and then
sometimes, at times
mostly
ad. almost all; generally 几乎全部；多半，大体
awful
a. (infml) (used to add force) very great; very bad or unpleasant 非常的，极大的；可怕的，糟糕的
choke
v. （使）窒息，堵塞
choke up
become too upset to speak （因激动等）哽得说不出话；堵塞destination
n. 目的地
skip▲
v. 略过，跳过；跳跃
sorrowful
a. showing or causing sadness 伤心的，悲伤的
sorrow n.
in the distance
far away
unpack
v. take out (things) from (a suitcase, etc.) 打开
right away
at once
New Words and Expressions 3
attitude
n. 看法；态度
likely
a. probable 可能的
ad. probably 可能
privileged
a. having a special advantage 有特权的
privilege
n. 特权
minority
n. 少数
do without
没有…而设法对付过去
highly
ad. very 很，非常
risky
a. full of danger; full of the possibility of failure, loss, etc. 危险的；有风险的
nasty
a. very unpleasant 令人难受的
brutish
a. 野兽般的，野蛮的
anyway
ad. (used to change the subject of a conversation or to support an idea or argument) anyhow 不管怎么说
put/turn the clock back
倒退，开倒车
cut off
stop providing (sth.); remove (sth.) by cutting 切断，中断；切下，剪下
competition
n. 竞争；比赛
bring about
make (sth.) happen 引起，导致
technology
n. 技术
moreover
ad. 而且，再者
inquiring
a. showing an interest in knowing about things 好问的，爱探索的inquire
v. 询问
global
a. worldwide, of the whole earth 世界的，全球的
suppress▲
vt. keep from appearing 抑制；压制
initiative
n. 首创精神；主动inventiveness
n. 发明才能，创造力
slow down
make slower 减慢
rate
n. 速度；比率
ensure
vt. make sure 保证，确保democratic
a. 民主的
informed
a. 有知识的，了解情况的；明智的inform
vt. 告诉，通知
expert
n. 专家
at the moment
now 此刻，目前
in two minds
犹豫不决；三心二意
steady
a. constant; firm 平稳的；稳定的evident
a. clear, obvious 明显的
cartoon
n. 漫画；动画片
element
n. 成分；元素
astronomy▲
n. 天文学
audience
n. 观众；听众；读者
series
n. 连续；系列；系列节目
fiction
n. 小说；虚构
harness
vt. control and make use of 驾驭；利用background
n. 背景
acid
a., n. 酸（性的）；酸味的（物质）greenhouse
n. 温室
nuclear
a. 原子核的；核心的
weapon
n. 武器
genetic▲
a. 基因的；遗传（学）的
engineering
n. 工程；工程学
basis
n. 基础
lie in
exist or be found in 在于
rote
n. 死记硬背
learn by rote
死记硬背地学习
relevance
n. 相关，关联
in terms of
从…方面（或角度）来说；按照，根据
equation
n. 等式，方程（式）
brief
a. short; quick 简洁的；短暂的
accurate
a. exact 准确的，精确的
mathematical
a. 数学的
halve
vt. 将…减半
tend
vi. be likely to happen or have a particular characteristic or effect 倾向，趋向
in the form of
having the shape of; existing in a particular form 呈…的形状；以…形式
precise
a. exact 精确的
qualitative
a. 定性的；性质上的
grasp
n. understanding 掌握，了解
concept
n. 概念
sufficient
a. as much as is needed, enough 充分的，足够的
convey
vt. make (ideas, feelings, etc.) known to another 传达；表达diagram
n. 图表；图解
framework
n. 框架；结构
molecular
a. 分子的
biology
n. 生物学
transistor
n. 晶体管；晶体管收音机
put across
cause to be understood 解释清楚，使被理解
proportion
n. 比例；部分
truly
ad. 真正地；确实地
magic
n. 魔术；魔力
fit into
be part of a situation, system, etc.；be part of a group of people or things 适合；符合；属于
responsibility
n. 责任
educate
vt. teach or train 教育
entertain
vt. give pleasure to; have as a guest 给…以欢乐；招待
hence
ad. as a result, therefore; from this time 因此；从此
contact
vt. get in touch with 与…接触
alien▲
a. foreign; strange 外国的；陌生的
civilization
n. 文明
New Words and Expressions 4
driveway
n. 宅旁私家车道
mow
v. 修剪（草坪），刈（草）
comprehend
vt. understand fully
lawn
n. 草地，草坪
turn away
refuse to help (sb.) or to allow (sb.) to enter a place 拒绝帮助；不让…进入
weed
v. 除去…的杂草；除草
n. 杂草，野草
assume
vt. suppose 假设；以为
compliment▲
vt. praise 赞扬
n. 赞美的言辞或行为
work out
plan; solve; calculate 制定出；解决；算出
weekly
a. happening once a week or every week 每周的；一周一次的clean up
make clean and tidy 打扫，清除
helpful
a. giving help; useful 有帮助的；有用的
do with
(used in questions with what) 对待，处理
determination
n. 决心，决定
personnel
n. 人事部门；全体人员，全体职员
apprentice
n. 学徒
capacity
n. the ability to understand or do sth. 能力，才能
n. 测微计，千分尺
precision
n. the quality of being exact 精密；精确（性）
turn down
refuse 拒绝
graduate
v. （使）毕业
n. （尤指大学）毕业生
skilled
a. having skill; needing skill 熟练的，有技巧的；技术性的grinder
n. 磨工
grind (ground)
vt. 磨，磨碎，碾碎
instrument
n. 工具，器械，仪器
for sale
intended to be sold 待售
wreck
n. 残破物；（尤指失事船只、飞机等的）残骸
call on
visit (sb.) for a short time 拜访
banker
n. 银行家；银行高级职员
loan
vt. lend (sth.) 借，贷
n. 贷款；借，贷
n. （人的）品德；品质；性格
damn
a.，n. (infml) (usu. used in negatives) of even the smallest amount 丝毫
reluctantly
ad. 勉强地
reluctant a.
mortgage▲
n. 抵押借款，按揭
discard
vt. (fml)throw away 抛弃
odds and ends
零星杂物，琐碎物品
screen
n. 纱门，纱窗；屏；荧屏
hardware
n. 五金器具；（计算机的）硬件
spot
n. a particular place；a small dirty mark 地点；斑点
confidence
n. 信心
amaze
vt. surprise (sb.) very much 使惊愕，使诧异
amazement
n. 惊愕，诧异
pepper
n. 辣椒；胡椒粉
Italian
a. 意大利的
diet
n. food and drink usually taken by a person or group 日常饮食
send for
ask for the arrival of 派人去叫，召唤；派人去取
hunt
v. 寻找；打猎
abandon
vt. give up completely or forever 抛弃，放弃
property
n. land, buildings or both together; sth. which is owned （房）地产；财产
shed
n. 小屋，棚
vt. 使脱落；使流出，散发出
sometime
ad. 某个时候
sponsor
vt. 为…做保证人；主办，发起
n. 保证人；主办者，发起人
amuse
vt. cause to laugh or smile; cause to spend time in a pleasant manner 逗乐；给…提供娱乐
approach
v. come near(er) to 接近
millionaire▲
n. 百万富翁
pass away
(euph) (esp. of a person) die 去世
handle
vt. manage; control 管理，处理；操纵
livable
a. fit or pleasant to live in 适于居住的
homey
a. (infml) pleasant; like home 舒适的；像家一样的
tractor
n. 拖拉机
stature
n. 身材，身高；境界
industrialist
n. 工业家，实业家
route
n. 路线，路程
principle
n. guiding rule for behavior; basic truth 信条；原则；原理
vision
n. the ability to make great plans for the future; sight; the ability to see 远见；视觉，视力
optimism▲
n. 乐观主义
self-respect
n. proper respect for oneself 自尊；自重
above all
most important of all 最重要的是
integrity▲
大学英语自学教程复习资料 第一部分Text A & 第二部分Text B 第一部分Text A 【课文译文】 怎样成为一名成功的语言学习者 决策是从可供挑选的行动方案中作出选择，目的在于确定并实现组织机构的目标或目的。之所以要决策是因为存在问题，或是目标或目的不对，或某种东西妨碍目标或目的实现。 因此，决策过程对于管理人员非常重要。管理者所做的一切几乎都与决策有关，事实上，有人甚至认为管理过程就是决策过程。虽然决策者不能预测未来，但他们的许多决策要求他们必须考虑未来可能会发生的情况。管理者必须对未来的事情作出最佳的猜测，并使偶然性尽可能少地发生。但因为总是存在着未知情况，所以决策往往伴随着风险。有时失误的决策带来的后果不很严重，但有时就会不堪设想。 选择就是从多种选项中进行取舍，没有选择，就没有决策。决策本身就是一个选择的过程，许多决策有着很广的选择范围。例如，学生为了实现自己获得学位的目标，可能会从多门课程中进行选择，对于管理者来说，每一个决策都受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等方面的制约，这些制约存在于一个组织的各个部门里。 选项就是可供选择的种种可行的行动方案。没有选项，就没有选择，因而也就没有决策。如果看不到任何选项，这意味着还没有对问题进行彻底的研究。例如，管理者有时会用“非此即彼”的方式处理问题，这是他们简化问题的方法。这种简化问题的习惯常常使他们看不到其他的选项。 在管理这个层次上，制定决策包括：识别选项和缩小选项范围，其范围小到微乎其微，大到近乎无限。 决策者必须有某种方法来断定几种选项中的最佳选项，即哪个选项最有利于实现其组织的目标。组织的目标是指该组织努力完成或达到的目标或现状。由于个人(或组织)对于怎样实现其目标的方式都有不同的见解，最佳的选择就在于决策者了。常常是一个组织的下属部门做出的决策对自己有利，而对上一级的部门来说，就不是较佳选择了。这种增加部门的局部利益而减少其他部门的局部利益所作出的权衡，叫做局部优化。例如，市场营销经理为增加广告预算可能会讲得头头是道，但从更大的布局来看，增加优化产品的研究经费也许对组织更有利。
大学英语自学教程下 大学英语自学教程是由北大、清华、人大等名校百名命题专家，严格按照最新自考大纲及最新教材精心编写而成的。下面是给大家整理的大学英语自学教程下，供大家参阅! 大学英语自学教程内容简介 1. 本系列试卷由北大、清华、人大等名校百名命题专家，严格按照最新自考大纲及最新教材精心编写而成，并辅以部分阅卷教师的指点和参与，从而有着极强的标准性、权威性、预测性; 2. 本系列试卷注重考前模拟循序渐进、阶次提高，从而逐步进入最佳临战状态;本套试卷共十份，建议每周做一份，切忌一曝十寒; 3. 最好按正式考试时间(上午或下午，150分钟)不间断地独自完成所有试题，尽量不要超过时间，不要急于看答案，以达到真正的模拟考核; 4. 做完一套试题后，请对照试卷后的答案及评分标准给自己评定一个分数，最后认真研究试题解析，弄懂每一道题的解题思路，不要背题目、背答案，题目做错了，要深究做错的原因，同样的错误只允许犯一次，最好找到教材或同步辅导的相关章节进行有针对地复习，以达到举一反三、融会贯通效果; 5. 本系列试卷为完全标准预测，分值权重、题型题量、题的难易度、时间安排等均与最新真题一致，所以考生在进行自测时，最好有意识地调整做题心态，以逐步养成良好的考场状态; 6. 考生应及时总结每套试卷在模拟考核中的得与失，力争做一套就有收获，每做一套就有提高，日积月累，就会有质的突破; 7. 本系列试卷后附有最新真题及答案，考生可在做完预测试卷后，试着做真题，逐步掌握考试命题规律，以便在考场上能做到驾轻就熟，成竹在胸。 大学英语自学教程下册 A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. The purpose of making a decision is to establish and achieve organizational goals and objectives. The reason for making a decision is that a problem exists, goals or objectives are wrong, or something is standing in the way of accomplishing them. Thus the decision-making process is fundamental to management. Almost everything a manager does involves decisions, indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making. Although managers cannot predict the future, many of their decisions require that they consider possible
视频互动讲义四 课次: 英语二第4次视频互动教学 时间: 月日周三19:30-21:00 主题: 第七、八单元重点回顾，语法讲解，实战演练 主讲: 高伟老师 同学们，大家好！经过前三次的洗礼，你们对英语二教材中的重点知识点的回顾应该有一种感觉：在学习完精讲课件、背过教材中的单词和词组后，应该通过我的讲义对教材有一个更为深层的认识，似乎考点到处密布，要求我们掌握的东西越来越多。请大家冷静，不要烦躁----想通过英语二并非易事，但也绝非不可能。我们只要有信心，有毅力，我想任何考试都不是不可战胜的。 解惑： turn down：关小，拒绝 turn in：上缴，交出 turn into：变成 turn off/on：关掉/接通，打开 turn out：制造，生产，结果是 turn over：移交，翻过来 turn to：变成，借助于 turn up：出现，发生。 near与nearly：前者更多使用的是介词，表示“在附近，近”，后者更多为副词用法，表示“几乎，差不多”。另外，关注一下nearby。 devise与device：前者是动词，表示“想出，设计出”，后者名词，表示“办法，装置”。 drop与fall：两个都是动词，前者表示“失手落下”，后者表示“跌到，落下”。 decline表示“婉拒”，refuse表示“拒绝”，口气更为强烈。 一、第七单元重点内容的回顾
Text A 1.find----finding(s)：注意词性转换。 2.★be concerned with/about(As far as I’m concerned)：注意词组的固定用法。 3.★attach importance(oneself)to：注意词组的固定用法。 4.generally speaking：注意固定用法。 5.★in terms of：注意与by means of区别。 6.★carry out：注意词组搭配，同时注意与carry有关的所有词组。 7.★desire----★desirable----desired：注意词性转换并注意虚拟语气的使用。 8. ★take to：注意词组搭配，有关与take搭配的词组。 9.enjoy----enjoyment：注意词性转换。 10.★in a (great)variety of：注意词组固定搭配。 11.★It is...belief that：注意belief(fact, suggestion, doubt…)后面从句的连接词that。 12.put to good use：注意词组搭配。 13. impart… to：注意词组搭配。 14. it can be argued that…：注意句型，翻译常考。 15.relevant to：注意词组搭配。 16.leader----leadership：注意词性的转换。 17. set… as objective：注意词组搭配。 18.the attainment of a balanced development of the person：注意中文翻译的准确性。 Text B 1.★get through：注意有关get词组应记牢。 2.look ahead to：注意词组搭配。 3.★run out(of)：注意词组含义及搭配。 4.allocate for(to)：注意词组含义。 5.★adjust(to)----adjustment(to)：注意词性的转换。
大学英语自学教程(上) 01-A. How to be a successful language learner? “Learning a language is easy, even a child can do it!” Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner. Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. Conversely, some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields. Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: “Read as much as you can in the new language.”“Practice speaking the language every day. ”“Live with people who speak the language.”“Don’t translate-try to think in the new language.”“Learn as a child would learn; play with the language.” But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say
大学英语自学教程下大学英语自学 大学英语自学教程是由北大、清华、人大等名校百名命题专家，严格按照最新自考大纲及最新教材精心编写而成的。下面是给大家的大学英语自学教程下，供大家参阅! 1. 本系列试卷由北大、清华、人大等名校百名命题专家，严格按照最新自考大纲及最新教材精心编写而成，并辅以部分阅卷教师的指点和参与，从而有着极强的标准性、权威性、预测性; 2. 本系列试卷注重考前模拟循序渐进、阶次提高，从而逐步进入最佳临战状态;本套试卷共十份，建议每周做一份，切忌一曝十寒; 3. 最好按正式考试时间(上午或下午，150分钟)不间断地独自完成所有试题，尽量不要超过时间，不要急于看答案，以达到真正的模拟考核; 4. 做完一套试题后，请对照试卷后的答案及评分标准给自己评定一个分数，最后认真研究试题解析，弄懂每一道题的解题思路，不要背题目、背答案，题目做错了，要深究做错的原因，同样的错误只允许犯一次，最好找到教材或同步辅导的相关章节进行有针对地复习，以达到“举一反三、融会贯通”效果;
5. 本系列试卷为完全标准预测，分值权重、题型题量、题的难易度、时间安排等均与最新真题一致，所以考生在进行自测时，最好有意识地调整做题心态，以逐步养成良好的考场状态; 6. 考生应及时总结每套试卷在模拟考核中的得与失，力争做一套就有收获，每做一套就有提高，日积月累，就会有质的突破; 7. 本系列试卷后附有最新真题及答案，考生可在做完预测试卷后，试着做真题，逐步掌握考试命题规律，以便在考场上能做到驾轻就熟，成竹在胸。 A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. The purpose of making a decision is to establish and achieve organizational goals and objectives. The reason for making a decision is that a problem exists, goals or objectives are wrong, or something is standing in the way of aomplishing them. Thus the decision-making process is fundamental to management. Almost everything a manager does involves decisions, indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making. Although managers cannot predict the future,
大学英语自学教程(上册) unit 23 非言语交际 23-A. Non-verbal Communication If anyone asked you what were the main means of communication between people, what would you say? That isn’t a catch question. The answer is simple and obvious. It would almost certainly refer to means of communication that involve the use of words. Speakers and listeners-oral communication, and writers and readers-written communication. And you’d be quite right. There is, however, another form of communication which we all use most of the time, usually without knowing it. This is sometimes called body language. Its more technical name is non-verbal communication. Non-verbal, because it does not involve the use of words. NVC for short. When someone is saying something with which he agrees, the average European will smile and nod approval. On the other hand, if you disagree with what they are saying, you may frown and shake your head. In this way you signal your reactions, and communicate them to the speaker without saying a word. I referred a moment ago to "the average European”, because body language is very much tied to culture, and in order not to misunderstand, or not to be misunderstood, you must realize this. A smiling Chinese, for instance, may not be approving but somewhat embarrassed. Quite a lot of work is now being done on the subject of NVC, which is obviously important, for instance, to managers, who have to deal every day with their staff, and have to understand what other people are feeling if they are to create good working conditions. Body language, or NVC signals, are sometimes categorized into five kinds: 1.body and facial gestures; 2.eye contact; 3.body contact or "proximity"; 4.clothing and physical appearance; and 5.the quality of speech. I expect you understood all those, except perhaps "proximity." This simply means "closeness". In some cultures-and I am sure this is a cultural feature and not an individual one-it is quite normal for people to stand close together, or to more or less thrust their face into yours when they are talking to you. In other cultures, this is disliked; Americans, for instance, talk about invasion of their space. Some signals are probably common to all of us. If a public speaker (like a professor, for example) is all the time fiddling with a pencil, or with his glasses, while he is talking to you, he is telling you quite clearly that he is nervous. A person who holds a hand over his mouth when he is talking is signaling that he is lacking in confidence. If you start wriggling in your chairs, looking secretly at your watches or yawning behind your hands, I shall soon get the message that I’m boring you. And so on. I'm sure you could make a whole list of such signals-and it might be fun if you did. All the signals I have mentioned so far can be controlled. If you are aware that you are doing these things, you can stop. You can even learn to give false signals. Most public speakers are in fact nervous, but a good speaker learns to hide this by giving off signals of confidence. Other kinds of NVC are not so easy to control. Eye contact, for instance. Unless you are confessing intense love, you hardly ever look into someone else’s eyes for very long. If you try it, you’ll find they will soon away, probably in embarrassment.
《大学英语自学教程》（上册）课后习题答案 Unit 1 Text A Exercises for the Text I. 1.d 2.a 3.c 4.d 5.d II. 1.task 2.intelligent 3.research 4.clue 5.conclusion 6.repeat https://www.doczj.com/doc/c918711127.html,municate 8.purpose 9.probably 10.outline III. 1.Instead of 2.therefore 3.more...than 4.even 5.First of all 6.because 7.on the other hand 8.finally 9.looking for 10.Conversely IV. 1.Research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. https://www.doczj.com/doc/c918711127.html,nguage learning is active learning.Therefore,successful learners should look for e very chance to use the language. https://www.doczj.com/doc/c918711127.html,nguage learning should be active,independent and purposeful. 4.Learning a language is different from learning maths. 5.The teacher often imparts successfull language learning experiences to us. Vocabulary Exercises I. 1.a.success b.successful c.successfully 2.a.indepence b.depend c.dependent 3.a.covered b.uncover c.discovered 4.a.purposeful b .purposefully c.purpose II. 1.inexact 2.technique 3.outlined https://www.doczj.com/doc/c918711127.html,municate 5.regularly
全新版大学英语综合教程4 Text A课后练习答案 Unit One Fighting with the Forces of Nature Part II Text A Vocabulary 1) alliance 2) at the cost of 3) stroke 4) limp 5) minus 6) regions 7) eclarations 8) siege 9) raw 10) bide his time 11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of 2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down 3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on 5) get by 6) dine out 7) have cut back 8) get through 3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future. 2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers’ strike. 3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career. 4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off guard. 5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date / obsolete. 4.1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases. 2)Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases, work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization. 3)The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks. II. More Synonyms in Context 1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium. 2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off. 3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words. 4)Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather. III. Usage 1)But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health. 2)A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it. 3)It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work 4)Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep. 5)In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early. 6)Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes. Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. 1. invasion 2. stand in the way 3.conquest 4. catching... off his guard 5. launching 6. declaration 7. campaign 8. drag on 9. reckon with 10. bringing...to a halt 2. 1. allow 2. reckoned 3. highly 4. forecasts 5. rapidly 6. instant 7. delivery 8. advantage 9. observing 10. Powerful II. Translation 1.1) Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm. 2)We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons. 3)Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly
大学英语自学教程电子版教材上册大学英语自学教程(上) 01-A. How to be a successful language learner? ―Learning a language is easy, even a child can do it!‖ Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner. Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. Conversely, some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields. Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: “Read as much as you can in the new language.”“ Practice speaking the language every day. ”“Live with people who speak the language.”“Don‘t translate-try to think in the new language.”“ Learn as a child would learn; play with the language.” But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways.
The second lecture of College English Hi, everyone! Are you satisfied with the first lecture? Today we’ll continue to learn unit one. Ⅰ.Review something in lecture one: A. Useful phrases: 1.disagree with …(与…意见有分歧)； 2.hundreds of(成百的)； 3. be different from…(与…不同)； 4. succeed in sth…(成功的做某事)； 5. as much as you can(尽可能的多)； 6. practice doing sth(练习做某事)； 7. try to do…(试图做某事)； 8. be similar in sth…(在某些方面是相似的)； 9. first of all(首先)；10. depend on(依靠、依赖)；11. instead of sth/doing sth(不是某事或不是做某事)；12. wait sb to do…(等着某人去做某事)；13. learn from sth/sb(从某件事或从某人那儿学到…)；14. make a mistake(犯错误)；15. be afraid to do(害怕去做…)；16. be willing to do…(愿意去做…)；17. be interested in sth(对…感兴趣)；18. in order to(为了)；19. communicate with sb(同某人进行交流)； 20. on the other hand(另一方面)；21. might do well to do sth(不妨做某事)。 B. Some important words: 1.successful； 2. disagree； 3.statement； 4. guarantee； 5. intelligent； 6. conversely； 7. similar； 8. independent；9. conclusion；10. communicate；communication；11. purpose, purposefully；12. regularly；13. technique；14. outline. C. Key to part exercises: (from page 8 to 12) 一、课文练习： Ⅰ.d, a, c, d, d; Ⅱ. 1.task; 2.intelligent; 3.tudy; 4.clue; 5.conclusion; 6.repeat; https://www.doczj.com/doc/c918711127.html,munication; 8.purpose; 9.probably; 10.outline Ⅲ. 1. Instead of; 2.therefore; 3. more…than; 4.even; 5.first of all; 6.because; 7.on the other hand; 8.finally; 9.looking for; 10.conversely Ⅳ.1.见课文； 2. Language learning is active learning. Learners should take advantage of every chance to use the language. 3. Language learning should be active, independent and purposeful. 4.见一讲作业。 5. The teachers often pass on their successful experience in language learning to us. 二、词汇练习： Ⅰ.1.2.4.见一讲词汇讲解部分； 3. cover: v 覆盖； uncover: v 揭开，为cover的反义词；discover: v 发现，同义词：find, 习题答案为：covered; uncover; discovered Ⅱ.1.inexact; 2.technique; 3.outlined; https://www.doczj.com/doc/c918711127.html,municate; 5.regularly; 6.clue; 7.intelligent;
1 / 18 Text 1 1 successful [s?k'sesf?l] a.成功的 2 adult ['?d?lt] n.成年人 a.成年的，成熟的 3 disagree [dis?'gri:] vi.(with)有分歧，不同意；不一致，不符 4 statement ['steitm?nt] n.声明，陈述 5 guarantee [g?r?n'ti:] n./vt.保证，担保，保修 6 intelligent [in'telid??nt] a.聪明的，明智的 7 conversely ['k?nv?:sli] ad.相反地 8 similar ['simil?, 'sim?l?] a.相似的，类似的；与…相似(to) 9 independent [indi'pend?nt] a.独立的，自主的 10 pattern ['p?tn] n.型，模式，样式；花样，图案 11 guesser n.猜测者 12 clue [klu:] n.线索，提示 13 conclusion [k?n'klu:??n] n.结论，推论 14 communicate [k?'mju:nikeit] vi.通讯，交流，交际vt.传达，传播 15 communication [k?mju:ni'kei??n] n.通讯，交流；传达；通 讯联系，交通工具 16 inexact [inig'z?kt] a.不正确的，不精确的 17 incomplete [ink?m'pli:t] a.不完整的 18 purpose ['p?:p?s] n.目的，意图；用途 19 regularly ['regjul?li] ad.整齐地，经常地，定期地 20 purposefully ['p?:p?sfuli] ad.有目的地，蓄意地 21 technique [tek'ni:k] n.技术；技巧，手艺 22 outline ['autlain] vt.概括，提出要点n.轮廓；大纲，提纲 23 disagree with 与…有分歧，不一致 24 first of all 首先，第一 25 depend on [di'p?nd ?n] 依赖，依靠；依…而定 26 be willing to 愿意，乐意 27 be interested in 对…感兴趣 28 on the other hand 另一方面 29 instance ['inst?ns] n.例，实例 30 deaf [def] a.聋的；听力不佳的 31 dumb [d?m] a.哑的；无言的 32 Englishman ['i?gli?m?n] n.英国人 33 Italian [i't?li?n] n.意大利人；意大利语 34 waiter ['weit?] n.侍者，服务员 35 beer [bi?] n.啤酒 36 soda-water n.苏打水，汽水 37 traveler ['tr?v?l?] n.旅客，旅游者 38 macaroni [m?k?'r?uni] n.通心粉 39 primitive ['primitiv] a.原始的 40 exact [ig'z?kt] a.精确的，正确的 41 consist [k?n'sist] vi.组成(of) 42 simply ['simpli] ad.仅，只；完全地；朴素地 43 parrot ['p?r?t] n.鹦鹉 44 not only...but also 不但…而且 45 neither...nor 既不…也不 46 consist of 由…组成 47 Italy ['it?li] n.意大利 Text 2 1 tax [t?ks] n.税(款) vt.对…征税 2 generally ['d?en?r?li] ad.一般地，通常，大体上 3 federal ['fed?r?l] a.联邦的 4 type [taip] n.类型，种类，品种vt./vi.打字 5 salaried ['s?l?rid] a.拿薪水的，领工资的 6 salary ['s?l?ri] n.工资vt.[常用被动语态]给…发薪 7 earn [?:n] vt.挣得，赚得；获得，赢得 8 percentage [p?'sentid?] n.百分比，百分率 9 vary ['ve?ri] vi.变化，有不同，呈差异vt.改变，使不同 10 graduated a.(税)累进的；分等级的；刻度的；毕业的 11 sale [seil] n.出售，卖；廉价出售 12 charge [t?ɑ:d?] vt.索价；指控n.价钱，费用；负荷 13 item ['ait?m] n.条，条款，项目 14 packet ['p?kit] n.小包，小盒vt.打包，装行李；包装 15 cigarette [sig?'ret] n.香烟，纸烟 16 figure ['fig?] n.数字；人物；外形vt.(out)演算出；想出 17 addition [?'di??n] n.加，加法；附加物 18 revenue ['revinju:] n.(国家的)岁入，税收；收入，收益 19 diverse [dai'v?:s] a.不同的，相异的；多种多样的 20 confuse [k?n'fju:z] vt.使混乱，混淆 21 property ['pr?p?ti] n.财产，资产，所有物；性质，特性 22 excise ['eksaiz] n.国产税；本国消费税 23 fund [f?nd] n.基金，专款；储备，贮存vt.提供资金 24 department [di'pɑ:tm?nt] n.部，部门，系 25 municipal [mju:'nisip?l] a.市的，市政的 26 complain [k?m'plein] vt./vi.抱怨(of，about) 27 protest [pr?'test, 'pr?utest] vt./vi.抗议，反对 28 useless ['ju:sl?s] a.无用的；无价值的；无效的 29 impractical [im'pr?ktik?l] a.不切实际的，不能实行的 30 program ['pr?ugr?m] n.=programme计划；程序；节目vt.编程序 31 view [vju:] n.看法，见解，观点；vt.看待，考虑，估量 32 issue ['i?u:, 'isju:] n.问题；(书刊的)期号vt.发行，颁布，出版 33 tend [tend] vi.易于，往往会；倾向于vt.照管，护理 34 be sure of 确信…；确定… 35 have a corner on 垄断(某物)=to have a(the) corner (on) 36 similar to 跟…类似的，与…同样的 37 in addition to 加之；又；除…之外；并且 38 tend to 倾向，有…的趋势，趋于 39 California [k?li'f?:nj?] 加利福尼亚(美国州名) 40 North Dakota 北达科他(美国州名) 41 advertise ['?dv?taiz] vt./vi.为…做广告；登广告 42 attract [?'tr?kt] vt.吸引，引起…的注意 43 design [di'zain] vt./vi.设计；预定，指定n.设计；图案 44 mail [meil] n.邮件，邮递vt.邮寄 45 constantly ['k?nst?ntli] ad.经常地；不断地；时常地 46 product ['pr?d?kt] n.产品，产物 47 persuade [p?'sweid] vt.说服，劝服；使相信 a.空闲的；有闲的 48 leisure ['le??] n.空闲时间，空暇；悠闲，安逸 49 activity [?k'tiviti] n.活动，活跃；行动 50 classified ['kl?sifaid] a.分类的，被归为一类的；保密的， 机密的 51 edition [i'di??n] n.版，版本 52 section ['sek??n] n.章节，部分；部门，科；截面，剖面 53 announcement [?'naunsm?nt] n.通告，布告，告示 54 available [?'veil?b?l] a.可利用的，可获得的