高中英语 高考真题中的构词法与巩固练习

人教版高中英语词汇构词法分析练习题50题含答案解析1. The movie was so boring that I decided to ______watch it. Which prefix can be added to "watch" to convey this meaning?A. unB. reC. disD. mis答案：A。

解析：“un - ”这个前缀常表示相反的意思，“unwatch”可以理解为不再看，符合句子中因为电影无聊所以不再看的语境。

“re -”通常表示再次，“rewatch”是再看一次的意思，不符合题意。

“dis - ”虽然也有否定的意思，但在这里“diswatch”不是一个常规用法。

“mis - ”表示错误，“miswatch”也不是正确的表达。

2. She made a mistake in her speech, so she had to ______do it. What prefix should be used?A. unB. reC. disD. mis答案：B。

解析：“re - ”表示再次、重新，“redo”表示重新做，因为她在演讲中犯错了所以要重新做，符合题意。

“un - ”表示相反，“undo”是解开、取消的意思，不适合这里。

“dis - ”表示否定、相反，“disdo”不是常规用法。

“mis - ”表示错误，“misdo”也不是正确的表达。

3. His words were very ______pleasant. Which prefix can be used to form the opposite of "pleasant"?A. unB. reC. disD. mis答案：A。

解析：“un - ”加在形容词前面表示相反的意思，“unpleasant”表示不愉快的，是“pleasant”的反义词，符合题意。

人教版高中英语词汇构词法分析练习题50题【含答案解析】1. The “un” in the word “unhappy” is a prefix, which means _.A. notB. againC. beforeD. over答案：A。

解析：“un -”是一个常见的否定前缀，加在形容词前面表示相反的意思，“unhappy”表示“不开心的”，这里“un”的意思是“not”。

选项B“again”对应的前缀是“re - ”，例如“rewrite（重写）”；选项C“before”对应的前缀是“pre - ”，例如“pre - school（学前的）”；选项D“over”对应的前缀是“over - ”，例如“overwork （过度工作）”，所以这三个选项不符合题意。

2. The prefix “re - ” in “rewind” most likely means _.A. backB. wrongC. underD. out答案：A。

解析：“re - ”这个前缀有“再次、回、重新”的意思，在“rewind”（倒带、回卷）这个单词中，“re -”表示“back（回）”的意思。

选项B“wrong”没有对应的常见前缀；选项C“under”对应的前缀是“under - ”，如“underground（地下的）”；选项D“out”对应的前缀是“out -”，如“outdoor（户外的）”，所以这三个选项错误。

3. In the word “dislike”, the prefix “dis - ” indicates _.A. opposite ofB. makeC. betweenD. with答案：A。

解析：“dis - ”作为前缀，常表示“否定、相反”的意思，“dislike”就是“不喜欢”，是“like（喜欢）”的相反意思，所以这里“dis -”表示“opposite of”。

选项B“make”没有对应的“dis - ”这种用法；选项C“between”对应的前缀是“inter - ”，如“international（国际的）”；选项D“with”没有对应的与“dis -”相关的含义，所以这三个选项不正确。

高中英语真题:构词法巩固练习巩固练习一、请使用able的正确形式填空。

1. Computers _______ people to get more information more q uickly.2. He is ________ to discriminate colors. He is color-blind.3 .Her lack of experience is a severe________.4. An accident ________ him from playing football.5. Deaf people and dumb people are _________ .6. I shall be _________ to manage without help.请使用like的正确形式填空。

1. I have taken a strong ______ of him.2. She is not ______ to come next month.3. Great minds think_______ .4. How do you ____ this book?5. It was very ____________ that he would do that.6. I ______ being disturbed.7. Everyone has his _____ and_______ .8. Like father, _____ son.9.___________ the rest of her family, she is outgoing and easy to get along with.二、用括号里的单词的适当形式填空。

1. Fried foods____________ ___ (agree) with me. Therefore, I seldom go to KFC.2. I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. ___________ _____ (fortunate), I was held up by the heavy traffic jam.3. She still suffers considerable ______________ (comfort) fro m her injury.4. They believe in ______________ (violent), simple living and l ittle contact with the modern world.5. I am sorry to tell you that there is a slight ________________ (accuracy) in this design.6. Very early the next morning, amazingly, we got completely satisfied in a totally _____________ (expect) way.7. She______________ (pronounce) “ship” as “sheep”.8. I am afraid I ____________ (judge) her abilities.9. The police have _________ (cover) a plot against the Presid ent.10.The _______ （前总统）is a known farsighted politician.11. She ________ （再婚）her former husband ten years after their divorce.12. Job ___________(apply) need to show their ability to be bo th organized and flexible in taking on many tasks at the same time.13. Are there any ___________ (voluntary) to clear up the wast e?14. My cough is rather___________（trouble） today.15. We should form good eating habits and do proper exercise in order to stay _______ (health).三、完形填空阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

高中英语词汇构词法分析练习题50题带答案1.The blackboard is in the front of the classroom. “blackboard” is a(n) _____.posite wordpound wordC.blended wordD.derived word答案：B。

解析：“blackboard”是由“black”（黑色）和“board”（板）两个独立的词组合而成的复合词（compound word）。

A 选项composite word 一般指合成词，范围比较宽泛；C 选项blended word 指混合词，是通过把两个词的部分组合在一起形成的新单词；D 选项derived word 是派生词，通过加前缀或后缀形成。

2.The football player is very strong. “football” is a(n) _____.posite wordpound wordC.blended wordD.derived word答案：B。

解析：“football”是由“foot”（脚）和“ball”（球）两个词组合而成的复合词。

A 选项composite word 一般指合成词，范围比较宽泛；C 选项blended word 指混合词，是通过把两个词的部分组合在一起形成的新单词；D 选项derived word 是派生词，通过加前缀或后缀形成。

3.The bookcase is made of wood. “bookcase” is a(n) _____.posite wordpound wordC.blended wordD.derived word答案：B。

解析：“bookcase”是由“book”（书）和“case”（箱子）两个词组合而成的复合词。

A 选项composite word 一般指合成词，范围比较宽泛；C 选项blended word 指混合词，是通过把两个词的部分组合在一起形成的新单词；D 选项derived word 是派生词，通过加前缀或后缀形成。

高考能力测试构词法Word Formation 一．合成 Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式：1. 直接写在一起。

2. 用连字符(—)连接。

3. 由两个分开的词构成。

话, mirror镜子—像镜子一样反映， drink喝—饮料, record录音-记录, name, date, hand, study,2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect完美的—-使完善 3。

名词转化为形容词(副词） front前面——前面的4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的-—首领训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目.特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中,对词汇掌握的要求越来越高.检测构词法,在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词,而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。

如有的生词,只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。

1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A。

care B. carefulC. careless Dcarelessness2。

The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai。

A。

die B. dead C。

died D。

death3。

The child looked_______ at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B。

sadness C. sadly D。

sad4。

He is an expert at chemistry。

We all call him a ________。

高考英语二轮语法巩固-《构词法》专题讲练【正误比对】词性的误用(1)【误】You'd better take account of your able accurately before attempting to do such a business.【正】You'd better take account of your ability accurately before attempting to do such a business.[分析] able改为ability。

根据your可知此处应用名词ability,表示“能力”。

句意:你最好在尝试做这笔生意前准确地考虑一下自己的能力。

(2)【误】I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. Unfortunate, I was held up by the heavy traffic jam.【正】I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. Unfortunately,I was held up by the heavy traffic jam.[分析] Unfortunate改为Unfortunately。

修饰整个句子作状语应用副词,根据句意可知应表示“不幸的是”,故将Unfortunate改为Unfortunately。

(3)【误】Excellent oral and written communication skills in Chinese and English are of important.【正】Excellent oral and written communication skills in Chinese and English are of importance.[分析] important改为importance。

2025届高三英语复习-构词法1.The ____ (fly) was cancelled as a result of the terrible weather.2.His ____ (careless) resulted in his failure in the math contest.3.And day after day, the once beautiful river has turned into a_________(smell) dustbin.4.Since then, there has been no _________(office) communication with the kidnappers(绑架者).5.It was ________(extreme) difficult to build such a wall in the ancient days without any modern machine.6.Your ideas are very interesting, but we need ________(practice) suggestions to get us out of trouble.7.Men and women have to sit in separate areas-----the men with the bridegroom, and the women with the bride, atwedding_________(receive).8.A ________(retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.9.He found he could no longer deal with his _______ (demand) job.10.I must make an _____(apologize) to him for not going to his party.11.Some media _________ the conflict was under control, but there has still been no official _________ . (confirm)12._________, I thought I could adapt to the climate there.(initial)13.Even if you _________ once again，it doesn't suggest that you area _________. (fail)14.Kara's phone has been ringing _____. We are really bored with the _____. (frequent)15.Due to a small fire, the office will be closed _____, but it will be open very soon. (temporary)16.When food had been _____ to the villagers, they complained that its _____ was not fair. (distribute)17.Seeing the cat killed in the _____, the little girl trembled _____. (violent)18.The great _________ united the small states into a powerful_________. (empire)19.Her face was covered with _________, which made it look rather _________ than usual. (dirty)20.Though with _________ feet, the girl _________ felt a bit cold. (bare)21.The pretty girl looked _________, and no one could match with her _________. (elegant)22.He _________ the skills required for the job，so we didn't admit him into our group due to _________ of interest. (lack)23.My daughter _________ described what she had heard and seen in the wildlife zoo. (vivid)24.My boss _____ me to work overtime every day, and I had an _____to hit him. (urge)25.They are discussing how to build up a (power) government.26.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's _____(wonder).27.__________(compare) with letters, e-mails are more convenient in communication nowadays.28.Children are allowed much more __________(free) these days.29.They fought a long battle against prejudice and__________(ignorant).30.South Africa has submitted an __________(apply) to host the World Cup.31.He took a very __________(science) approach to management.32.We moved into a cabin with _________(electric) hut no running water.33.He remained the most popular _________(politic) in Arkansas.34.The buildings have been designed to blend in with their_________(surround).35.The author's __________(intend) is to keep everyone guessing until the bitter end.36.His only chance of __________(survive)was a heart transplant.37.Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of _________(entertain).38.Join us to taste a _________(various) of fresh local food and drinks.39.Since most students are in need of a nap, proper________(arrange) should be made so that students can have a good rest after a whole morning's hard work.40.They believe the civilisation of a city can be judged by people's ________(aware) of animal protection.41.While I have only listed two of each, there are ________(obvious) many other situations that can arise.42.The people in the hall seemed very nosy, keeping their eyes on me with _________(curious).43.There are energy savings to be made from all __________(recycle) materials，sometimeshuge savings.44.Operators said the dark spot is about two times the________(long) of the United States.45.If she had been aware that the mushrooms were__________(poison)，she would not have picked them for dinner. 46.Both locally and _______(global) , the continued spread offull-sun coffee plantations could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.47.However，the two zookeepers didn't want to see the________(extinct) of this precious species.48.There are many ways to increase ________(agriculture) efficiency in the poorer areas of the world.49.The ________(disappear) of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.50.The title will be __________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.51.This kind of soil is not (suit) for growing peanuts.52.It is essential to get good _________(profession) advice.53.The method is _________(specific) designed for use in small groups.54.I think it was ___________ that they should have been aware of the ___________ of the rules. (significance)55.In the experiment, we want to know the _________ data, so you must assure the _________. (accurate)56.I am beginning to feel embarrassed at my complete _____ (ignore) of world history.57.This kind of soil is not _____ (suit) for growing peanuts.58.It is _______ (legal) to drive after drinking alcohol in our country.59.The fish is a bit ____ (smell). We can't eat it.60.____ (unfortunate), Chaplin and his friend didn't find any gold but were caught in a snowstorm.1.答案：flight解析：考查名词。

第07讲构词法用所给词的适当形式填空题型一形容词后缀的考查1.（23-24高三·福建漳州·阶段练习）So far, Shaolin Kungfu has become a window of Chinese culture to the world, which also turns Shaolin Temple into the most (influence) “holy land” of martial arts in the world.【答案】influential【解析】考查形容词。

句意：至今，少林功夫已成为中国文化向世界展示的窗口，这也使少林寺成为世界上最具影响力的武术“圣地”。

空处缺少形容词作定语，influence对应的形容词为influential“有影响力的”。

故填influential。

2.（23-24高三·重庆·期中）The city’s task centers on the belief that its (star) skies have the potential to inject energy into the conventional tourism.【答案】starryToday, these yellowed pieces of mail have become a (nation) cultural treasure.【答案】national【解析】考查形容词。

句意：今天，这些泛黄的邮件已经成为国家的文化瑰宝。

修饰名词cultural treasure 应用形容词。

故填national。

5.（2024·浙江·模拟预测）As China has more than 297 million people (age) 60 and over, according to the latest statistics, this day has grown in popularity over the years.【答案】aged【解析】考查形容词。

人教版高中英语词汇构词法分析练习题50题含答案解析1. The word “unhappy” is formed by adding the prefix “un - ” to the word “happy”. Which of the following words is also formed in this way?A. reuseB. disappearC. unkindD. rewrite答案解析：C。

选项A“reuse”是由前缀“re - ”加上“use”构成，表示“再利用”，是“re - ”（ 再、又）这个前缀的构词法。

选项B“disappear”是由前缀“dis - ”加上“appear”构成，表示“消失”，是“dis - ”（否定、相反）这个前缀的构词法。

选项C“unkind”是由前缀“un - ”加上“kind”构成，和“unhappy”一样，“un - ”表示否定，“unkind”意为“不友善的”，符合题意。

选项D“rewrite”是由前缀“re - ”加上“write”构成，表示“重写”，是“re - ”的构词法。

2. We know that “recycle” means to treat things so that they can be used again. Which word has the same prefix as “recycle”?A. untrueB. remarryC. dislikeD. unable答案解析：B。

选项A“untrue”的前缀是“un - ”，表示否定，意为“不真实的”。

选项B“remarry”的前缀是“re - ”，和“recycle”的前缀一样，“re - ”表示“再、又”，“remarry”意为“再婚”。

选项C“dislike”的前缀是“dis - ”，表示否定、相反，意为“不喜欢”。

选项D“unable”的前缀是“un - ”，表示否定，意为“不能的”。

矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。

如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。

㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。

(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。

如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。

对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。

二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。

2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。

㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。

2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。

三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。

2、矿区矿产资源概况。

3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。

㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。

2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。