专题13 短文改错
高考英语短文改错解题技巧
一、解题步骤：
第一步：通读全文，了解大意。短文改错是考查考生在理解的基础上对语篇整体的识错、纠错能力，必须从全篇考虑，而不能只顾一句或一行。要理解文章的谋篇布局，弄清楚整篇文章的意思。在阅读过程中，要注意行文逻辑、文章的时态以及人称等。
第二步：逐句分析，行中找错。尽管短文改错是以行设置错误的，但语言毕竟是以句子为完整意义单位的。所以，可以逐句分析，看看单句是否有错；如果有错，有几处错误，是什么错误，再看看错误在哪一行。把“短文改错”转化为“单句改错”，然后再在行中找错，这样就会降低难度。
第三步：再读短文，检查漏洞。做完以后，再把文章阅读一遍，检查是否有遗漏情况，尤其注意上下句之间的逻辑关系。多读一遍，就有可能把某些不清楚的地方理顺。
二、错误形式
一多一少八改动
三、考点设置口诀
形，数，
还要注意形和副；
代词格，需领悟。
非谓动词要记住冠词连词常光顾习惯用法及介词；逻辑错误全关注；
四、技巧讲解
1. 动词形：
主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。
动词形常见错误：
2、名词数：
本来用复数, 却用单数. 改正方法：１）根据名词前的修饰限定成份．２）根据上下文的逻辑关系．
3、还要注意形和副：
注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法（系动词后(am/is/are/was/were)或名词前用形容词；修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。）。根据adj 或adv 的基本用法确定错误；这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的原级或比较级等。
4、代词格，需领悟
命题特点：1】. 女性代词指代男性或相反；2】. 单数指代复数；3】. 代词词性误用。
改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。
代词的错误特点：
1】. 人称代词的偷换错误2】. 缺少人称代词的错误
3】. 人称代词数的一致问题4】. 人称代词格的一致问题
非谓语是考查最多的错误形式之一。
命题特点：主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。
改正方法：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。
6. 冠词连词常光顾：
命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1）不定冠词a 和an 互改；2）不定冠词a 或an 和定冠词the 互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。连词but ，and ，or 和so 常考用法错误。which ，who 和that 引导定语从句；what,that,who,why 等引导名词性从句。
7．习惯用法及介词要记住：
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。
介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：
8、逻辑错误须关注：
与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。
【命题意图】本类题通常主要考查学生对英语基本语言的准确掌握程度，为以后的校对和准确表达做准备。
【考试方向】这类试题主要考查学生的基本的语法知识，主要是时态、非谓语动词、从
句等的用法。还有句子间的的连接成分，有时涉及篇章和逻辑关系。
【得分要点】熟练掌握中学阶段重要的语法项目，注意文章语句间的的逻辑关系。对每个句子进行逐一诊断，对常见的错误类型成竹在胸。
【2017·全国新课标I】
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turning left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
【答案】
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still
eighteenth
remember how hard ∧first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the
the/my
instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me but/yetwent
altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turning
wordsTurn
left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a r
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1. Three friends and I was driving on a highway. While we were going at least 50 miles per hour, we passed over a car. It had broken down, stopped on the side of the road. My friend slows down, and pulled behind the other car. He got out of the car immediate and before I knew it he was helping the other person push the car down the road to a spot where wasn’t so close to the passing cars. From the way they were pushing the car, it looked as if my friend was pushing them all by himself. I thought my friend help a complete stranger like this was a great thing, but I won’t forget his good nature or character. 2. Dear Brad, I’m very glad to hear from you. In your last letter you ask about the post-80s in China. Actually I am the boy who belongs to this group. Comparing with our parents, life for us is getting much hard. The job market is tough and the house is expensively to afford. Now many girls prefer to marry with a man who owns a house an d a car. Therefore, I don’t think love built on house and cars is true love, and I doubt how long it will last. As a matter of fact, though situations are tough today, a lot of we post-80s are making great efforts live a good life. I believe we will have a nice future. Li Hua 3. Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, Some of us are having problems about our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries. I fully understand why we are comfortable about it, but it is no need to feel too sadly. Our parents are checking in our bags or diaries to make sure we’re not getting into troubles. They have probably heard of some horrible stories about other kids and thinking we might do the same. Or perhaps they just want to connect with us and are doing it all wrong. My suggestion is: Tell them we want them to trust us as many as we’d like to trust them. If you don’t think you can talk to them, write them a letter and leave it lie around --- they are bound to read it. Thank you! 4. We spend two weeks in London last year. We went there in the autumn .We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually good but there aren’t too many tourists in October. We stayed in a small h otel in the West End .It was convenient as we did most of our traveling by foot. We went to look at the places where all tourists see. We saw Buckingham Palace and the National Gallery. We went to shopping in Oxford Street and spent too many money .What we liked most, though, was going to theatre. We don’t have the chance to see so wonderful plays at home .A lot of people say English food is very badly. We didn’t think so. It’s true that most of the restaurants are French or Italian or Chinese, but we had some very good meal.
高考英语短文改错错误类型及具体表现形式 1.词法错误 即词的使用错误，是改错频率最高的部分。通常包括以下几个方面： （1）形容词与副词形式的错用。比如happy--happily （2）形容词与副词级别的错用。搞清楚什么时候用原型，比较级，最高级。还有前面的修饰语，比如a little, a lot, even等通常修饰比较级。而almost, nearly, second, by no means等修饰最高级。还有注意比较级不能修饰比较级。（3）ed结尾的形容词与ing结尾的形容词错用。太简单了不再赘述。 （4）冠词使用不当。高考题中比较常见的是a--an, a/an--the, the的缺失与多余 （5）名词单复数 2.句法错误 （1）动词时态、语态。一般来说高考题中必有一个动词时态错误。语态错误主要包括被动语态与主动语态使用错误，以及不及物动词使用了被动语态。 （2）非谓语动词。比如to的多余或缺失，过去分词和现在分词错用等，一遍不会很难，细心就好。 （3）主谓一致错误。 （4）对是否是及物动词的判断。动宾间的介词是不是多余，这类错误比较隐蔽。（5)主句从句连接词的错误。名从中连词选择错误；定从中关系代词关系副词的选择；状从连接词的选择错误；主从复合句间缺连接词。 3.行文逻辑错误 （1）代词及副词指代错误。注意指代的对象性别、单复数，代词的格，反身代词错用，副词指代错误（比如there--here)。这类错误较隐蔽，要细心。 （2）副词及连词逻辑意义错误。转折--并列，结果--原因等等。 4.常见搭配错误 （1）介词与名词的搭配 （2）动词与副词介词的搭配 三、细节着手 1.时态是否一致 2.主谓是否一致 3.代词是否一致 4.句子中谓语是否完整 5.是否该用被动语态 6.主从句的连接词是否用对了 7.从句中谓语是否完整
浙江省高考短文改错新题型 下面短文中共有10处错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分 Passage 1 It was 7:15 in the morning of February 8, 2007． I was walking along Park Road towards the east while an old man came out of the park on the other sides of the street．Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and made a right turn into Park Road．The next moment the car hit the man while she was crossing the road．He fell with a cry．The car didn’t stop and drive off at full speed heading west． I noticed the driver was young woman wore a pair of glasses and the plate number was AC864．After two minutes later, I stopped a passed car and took the old man to the nearest hospital． Passage 2 I often quarrel about my mother over whether I can watch TV after school. She holds view that senior three students have to make fully use of every minute to work hard at their lessons. It seems to me that once I am all owed to do that, I’ll unable to control myself and forget all about my study. She also thinks it is bad for my eye. But I really can’t accept her ideas. In my opinion, watch TV can set my mind at rest after a day’s hard works. Besides, it is important for us to know what had happened at home and at abroad. Thus, we shouldn’t be forbidden to watch TV. Passage 3 Dear sir, Last year I buy a refrigerator in your store on Chang An road. We all like shape of the refrigerator. And recently I find something is wrong with it. It begins to make noise when it turned on. At first it is low but gradually it become louder and louder. To make the matter worse, it even stops working sometimes. We all feel disappointing. I am writing you to ask for help. Would you please send a people to repair it? I will at home this weekend. Please call me before you come to here. My telephone number is 6606.5531. Thanks you very much. Customer
短文改错练习（1） Rowena and Billy Wrangler are model high school students . They study hard . They do extreme well on 76．_______________ achievement tests . And next year , Rowena will attending 77．_______________ Harvard University . Billy , her younger brother , hoe to go 78．_______________ to Cornell . That makes Rowena and Billy different from 79．_______________ most students is that they don’t go to school . In fact , 80．_______________ they've never been to school . Since a kindergarten , they 81．_______________ have studied at home . Neither Rowena or Billy feels as if 82．_______________ they have missed out on nothing by being taught at home . 83．_______________ As many of the more than one million people who receive 84．_______________ home schooling in the United States , they feel if they 85．_______________ have gotten a good education . 短文改错练习（2） Did you enjoy yourself yesterday? I suppose you do. But I’d76．_______________ like to tell you what a bad day I had yesterday. Nothing 77．_______________ just went wrong. On the morning, my alarm clock didn’t ring,78．_______________ since I woke up an hour late. I was in such a hurry that I burnt my 79．_______________ hand when I was cooking the breakfast. Then I ran out of the house 80．_______________ to catch the 8:30 buses. This is the bus I usually take. But, you 81．_______________ may laugh, I missed it of course. I am very unhappy, and scared 82．_______________ as well because teacher hates the students coming late to school. 83．_______________ So I ran three miles to school only to discover that nobody 84．_______________ was there. The school was quiet but peaceful. Our classroom was 85．_______________ locked. I realized that moment: It was Sunday. 短文改错练习（3） Get a good education is more important today than 76．_______________ ever before .In Canada mostly children attend public 77．_______________ schools. Public schools are mainly found by governments 78．_______________ through tax income. Students in Canada taught in 79．_______________ English and in French. The rests of Canadian children 80．_______________ attend private schools, that are supported mainly by fees 81．_______________ paying by parents .By law ,the children must attend 82．_______________ the school from age 5 to 16. There are several different 83．_______________ levels in the Canadian education system .The first was 84．_______________ called Elementary Schools ,which include kindergartens 85．_______________ through grade 7 or 8. 短文改错练习（4） Yesterday we went to plant trees on the hill near to 76. our school. The boys were made dig pits(坑).The 77. girls were told to plant the young trees into the pits. 78. All of us worked very hardly. Soon we were all wet 79. with sweat.After the young trees planted, we 80. began to water it.The water was at the foot of 81. the hill. But we stood in line to pass pails(桶) 82. of water from one to other up to the hill. 83. We did not finish water the trees until it 84. was dark.Though we were tired,we feel very happy. 85 短文改错练习（5） A few months after returning the US from Germany , I took 76. _______________ part in a college course in French. Since I have learned to 77. _______________
短文改错专题 一．改错题型特点： 高考短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题型。主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性及词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。高考短文改错设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包括词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构等，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。 二．短文改错常见考点设置： 考点1：名词 命题特点: 本来用复数,却用单数；本来用单数，却用复数。 记住常考的几个不可数名词：news, work(工作), advice, fun, progress, information, luck, weather, music, health, change(零钱),baggage(行李), luggage(行李),furniture, jewellery, equipment等 改正方法: (1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系. 1. She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. 2. After class we become stranger at once. 3. They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get marks in all my subject. 4. On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. 5. There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. 6. Now we can get millions of informations from the Internet. 7. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests. 8. She is one of the most intelligent girl in our class. 9. I looked at his other hands. 10. Most of them are peasant and some often go fishing in the sea. 11. We have made great progresses with Mr. Liu teaching us. 12. Head teacher Guy Holloway said the new rules should help students get higher grade. 13. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. 14. He’s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures. 考点2：代词 命题特点：1.男女性代词用反；2.单数指代复数；3.代词词性用错；4.缺少人称代词。 改正方法: 根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格的一致问题。 15. Rose is such a kind girl that we all like him very much. 16. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. 17. I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. 18. It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited. 19. Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself as I was learning to express me in simple English. 20. My story book is much more interesting than her. 21. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. 22. Some students may also save up for our college or future use. 23. Do you think necessary for you to learn Japanese well? 24. I dressed me quickly and hurried out the house. 25. You’d better keep that he said in mind. 26. He has three children, two of them are teachers. 27. The population of China is much larger than it of the USA.
高考英语短文改错新题型 下面短文中共有10处错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分 Passage 1 It was 7:15 in the morning of February 8, 2007． I was walking along Park Road towards the east while an old man came out of the park on the other sides of the street．Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and made a right turn into Park Road．The next moment the car hit the man while she was crossing the road．He fell with a cry．The car didn’t stop and drive off at full speed heading west． I noticed the driver was young woman wore a pair of glasses and the plate number was AC864．After two minutes later, I stopped a passed car and took the old man to the nearest hospital． Passage 2 I often quarrel about my mother over whether I can watch TV after school. She holds view that senior three students have to make fully use of every minute to work hard at their lessons. It seems to me that once I am allo wed to do that, I’ll unable to control myself and forget all about my study. She also thinks it is bad for my eye. But I really can’t accept her ideas. In my opinion, watch TV can set my mind at rest after a day’s hard works. Besides, it is important for u s to know what had happened at home and at abroad. Thus, we shouldn’t be forbidden to watch TV. Passage 3 Dear sir, Last year I buy a refrigerator in your store on Chang An road. We all like shape of the refrigerator. And recently I find something is wrong with it. It begins to make noise when it turned on. At first it is low but gradually it become louder and louder. To make the matter worse, it even stops working sometimes. We all feel disappointing. I am writing you to ask for help. Would you please send a people to repair it? I will at home this weekend. Please call me before you come to here. My telephone number is 6606.5531. Thanks you very much.
2014高考英语短文改错基础训练题（11）及答案 【黑龙江省哈三中2014高考英语试题】 短文改错 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下写出该加的词。 删除: 把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。 Ladies and gentlemen, It is special pleasure to welcome our new staff member, Mr Tony White, who has come here to America. Mr White has recently graduated from the University of Chicago where he has majored in English Literature and minored in Teaching English as the Second Language. He will working with us here for at least two years. One of the goals of our school are to promote understanding and cooperation between the young people of our two countries. By have Mr White, who is willing to sacrifice the comfort of his friends and family to come to a strange country, we feel we are very lucky and our goals will be easily realized. On behalf of the whole school, I’d like to extend to you, Mr White, your sincerest welcome. We are indeed happy to have you here, and we wish you all the better during your stay in China. Thank you. 【参考答案】短文改错 Ladies and gentlemen, It is special pleasure to welcome our new staff member, Mr Tony White, who has come
2018高考英语专题---短文改错 压轴题高分策略之错词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错中，错词所占比重最高，常占整篇短文改错10题中的的6个小题左右。错词的情况也最为复杂，常见的有：动词错误；名词错误；连词错误；冠词错误；形容词和副词错误；代词错误；非谓语动词常见错误；介词错误；习惯用法错误以及逻辑上的错误等。矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖。 1. 动词的常见错误 ①一般现在时与一般过去时错用； ② and前后动词时态不一致； ③主谓不一致； ④缺少动词，特别是be动词； ⑤第三人称单数形式错用； ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净。 【答案】did改为do As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟。 【答案】visiting改为visited 【思路分析】 通读全句可知，句子的整个时态为一般过去时，有三个并列的谓语动词，分别为fed，visiting和told。很明显，并列连词and前后的动词时态应该保持一致，所以应该把visiting改为visited。酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥。 One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑。
(一) Have you ever heard from the saying: All work and no play ma ke Jack a dull boy? What this means is that if you study all the time s you will become a boring person. You must go out and having fun wit h your friends, otherwise you will lose him. No one wants to be frien ds with the person who that only works and studies. Perhaps you have a confidence problem. Please try remember that the work you do are fo r yourself rather than for anyone else. You do not have to compete yo ur classmates. No one can be happier in studying seven days and seven nights a week. (二) Every morning Steve went to work by train. As he has a long trip, he always buys newspaper. It helps make the time passing more q uickly. One Tuesday morning, he turned over the sports page. He wante d to se e the report about an important football match the night befor e. The report was so interesting that he forgot to get off at his sta tion. He did not know it unless he saw the sea. He got off at the nex t station, and had had to wait a long time for a train to go back. It was no doubt that he arrived late at the office. His boss was angry when Sieve told to him why he was late. “Work is very important than football! ” he shouted. (三) When my father bought me a computer as a birthday gift for m e in last year, I felt very excited. As we all know, computers are ge
高考英语短文改错基础训练题（13） 【2014高考英语河北省衡水中学一调考试】 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（︿）,并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 Good morning, everyone. It’s great honor for me to speak here. My name’s Li Xiaojun, born in a harmonious family. My father and mother are all high school teachers. Influenced by them, I read widely during my early age, but I’ve developed a great interest in arts and sports. I’m easy-going, get along well with my classmates. It is this personality which helps me win over all my classmates’ friendships, and also help me overcome many difficulties both in academic and personal life. Being admitted in your university has always been a beautiful dream for me. I dream constantly that I, along with mine classmates, will study happy with the help of the respectable professors. I dream that I will swim freely in the sea, enjoying the waves of knowledge. I hope all my dream will come true in the near future. Thank you. 【参考答案】短文改错： Good morning, everyone. It’s∧ great honor for me to speak here. My name’s Li Xiaojun, a born in a harmonious family. My father and mother are all high school teachers. Influenced both或去掉all by them, I read widely during my early age, but I’ve developed a great interest in arts and and
短文改错 My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting. One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. That day I didn’t learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity! 二 Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately. 三 Nearly five years before ,and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden, since then---for all these year---we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please . As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors .Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes !