Issue题库分类及写作提纲

抽象概念类127"Facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, our inclinations, or the dictates of our passions."position:partly agreeA. facts are subjective and stubborn no matter what we think about them.B. facts can be influenced by artificial factors such as our wishes, our inclinations, or the dictates of our passions.//新闻报道很容易被歪曲，可能是记者有自己的倾向性，或者由于自身专业知识不足。

C. people should respect facts, try to avoid distorting the facts.//在历史写作中，人们更应该秉笔直书，而不应该窜改历史。

-----------------1、在科学领域，物理现象：世界的存在、生命的孕育、成长和衰亡都是不可否认的事实。

2、历史领域，过去发生过的事情是无法改变的。

3、可是个人的认识程度不同，相同的事实也会有不同的感受。

//艺术学科等。

//新闻报道也容易受到人们的影响而被歪曲。

4、人们应该提高自己的认识能力，尊重事实。

172"Important truths begin as outrageous, or at least uncomfortable, attacks upon the accepted wisdom of the time." position:basically agreeA. one's knowledge is developed day by day. What seemed right before may turn out to be wrong. thus the conflicts between newly discovered truths and people's original knowledge are inevitable.B. some truths are born at a time, the actual truths would be recognized as heterodoxy and be criticized violently.C. however, as society is much more democratic and people can more freely express their ideas, it is more and more common that some new truths comes peacefully.samples:人们认识世界有一个渐进的过程。

1, In any situation, progress requires discussion among people who have contrasting points of view.一．的确在一定程度上有助于进步1.at the personal level,老师和学生之间。

2.at the community level: enterpriser and policy maker3, at the global level: easterners and westerners二但是，某些时候会造成压力,impede learning,浪费时间例子：one need look no further than the talk show or internet三如果基础不同的话,meaningless.1.Theist and atheist2. Student majored in finance and environment2.no field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study.一。

Scientific fieldsThe area of astronomy and space exploration.Mathematician use their expertise to provide statistical information as well as meaningful measurement; meteorologists are incumbent to facilitate scientists by observing movement of air or so forth; physicists could benefit them though design more human-friendlier machine; chemist....二。

5,7,19,31,50,55,60,63-67,69,80-88,86-116-139,115,125,86-50-115-139 Some people believe that government officials must carry out the will of the people they serve. Others believe that officials should base their decisions on their own judgement.1.听群众的：a。

人民的利益是政府官员首先要考虑的，官员们是为人民服务的。

他们是人民养的。

他们制定一切法律，行驶责任的目的都是为了更好的服务人民，让人民的生活更好。

B。

人民分布在国家的各个角落，能够更好的反应真实情况。

而officals因为职位的特殊性，没有时间和机会去真正的走进人民的生活，即使走进了，也不一定能够看到真实的一面。

比如一个官员要去一个district视察人民生活的情况，那个地方的负责人person in charge为了留下好印象，就将一些vagrant 赶出这个地方。

那么official就看不到真实情况了。

2.听政府的：a。

他们有专业的知识和技能，他们经过了专业的培训，经过了竞争，有头脑和判断的能力。

能够对整体的情况做好把握，分析利害关系然后坐出租正确的决策。

而群众的专业知识有限，很多时候只能看到表面现象，提议建议不专业，没有可行性。

B。

群众分布广，来自不同的地区和阶层，他们的提议只能反映自身的需求，不具有代表性，同时不同的区域和阶层的利益会有冲突，那么提议也就会有冲突。

所以如果听人民的就会造成混乱，不有助与社会稳定。

3.合：听取意见，再运用自己的知识。

63-67 There is little justification for a society to make extraordinary efforts----especially at a great cost in money and jobs---to save endangered animals or plant species.1.正：a.很多animals和plant是因为自然界的优胜劣汰，natural selection才会面临endanger的，他们由于不能够适应自然环境，不能够有效的being not able to reproduce，不能找到lack of food，或者由于predator而面临endanger，这些都是自然evolution的趋势，人不能够去人为的干涉，人不应该阻挡自然进程。

GRE作文分类题库—ISSUEGRE作文分类题库—ISSUE一、教育类1. A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer.2. While some leaders in government, sports, industry, and other areas attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competition, a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation.3. In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach.4. Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study because acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated.5. Colleges and universities should offer more courses on popular music, film, advertising, and television because contemporary culture has much greater relevance for students than do arts and literature of the past.6. It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears.7. Some educational systems emphasize the development of students' capacity for reasoning and logical thinking, but students would benefit more from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions.8. It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. In reality, however, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free.9. How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who。

7."The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has becomea more important form of documentation than written records."Our life has gone through great changes since the video camera came into being, which provides a totally new and different way of recording life to the traditional written methods.Compared with written records, video documentation is much less influenced by the one who took record and the one who interprete it.Another conspicuous advantage of video records is its integrity.Yet it’s rash to say that video camera has already won over traditional written documents and become the new domination of documentation field since video record is limited in several aspects.We cannot say whether video camera or the written document is more important than the other in that each one has its irreplaceable merits and values. Video camera offers the accurate and convincing method of recording which can revive life in before, while traditional written document can provide a more detailed and rational record in lower cost.8."It is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public."Firstly, political leaders, in a democracy regime, will harm the proper right of people as they withhold information from the public.Secondly, withholding information from the public will result in corruption in the government, and therefore bring detriment to society.Admittedly, sometimes it is necessary for political leaders to keep the public from know something, such as country’s top secrete, which is indispensable and helpful for a country in defending aggression and keeping safety. 10"Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive, because it is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated."It is always true that big cities of a country boom not only in economy but also in culture.Actually, not all the major cities of a country are bound to the responsibility of preserving a nation’s culture traditions. Indeed, in some major cities, where have less culture traditions, it creates a better environment for development than in those cities where long culture traditions are preserved. Nevertheless, admitted that, there are also some major cities that are characterized by their long culture traditions,Similarly, either small cities, or villages and towns, in spite of not being major cities, are the places where culture traditions generated and handed down be generations.11"All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the world's most persistent social problems."Though each social problem appears to be different in different nations, as theft in affluent nations may be conducted more for psychological reasons rather than for the value of the issue with regard to its counterpart in poor nations, there is always a radical key lying beneath.On the other hand, though nearly all the social problems are persisting in every nation, some may be disasters in one nation while slight flaw in another. Such a global university asks for the support from all nations of the world.17"There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws."Laws and regulations are set up along with the entrenchment of a government serving as a means to control the country. Since laws are built up under the power of government, which represents the public interest whereas run by a few individuals, it is quite possible that laws are constituted in the name of representing the majority while on the contrary in a few individuals favor.Facing unjust laws, every individual has the very responsibility to resist them.No matter that whether every individual could reach an agreement on unjust or not, one point is important that we should put forward our opinions toward unjust laws.26"Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any society's past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modernpurposes. In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served."i. Historic buildings are irrecoverable resources we should preserve not only for ourselves but for our decendantsii. Historic buildings are valuable records of a society’s past, and they serve more as travel attractions, city emblems. iii. Some old buildings which are of less value and in bad state can be removed for contemporary needs for ground. But modern planners should avoid destroying historic buildings for modern purposes. Better approachments should be work out for the dilemma.30"The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time."First of all, as we have witnessed, achievement in technology has immensely improved people’s efficiency, such as assembly-line, robots. Computer, etc.Besides, when people enjoy relative more leisure time brought by improved efficiency, on the same time, society has encountered other problems, such as the problem of employment.As a matter of fact, increasing efficiency is merely a byproduct of the advance of technology.36"The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by their contemporaries."The greatness of individuals cannot be appreciated by their contemporaries in large part is due to their outstanding talent and their transcendental intelligence which surpass the common cognition of general public and their peers. Besides, to test the validity of theories, works and ideas of the great individuals need a long time even centuries.In a democratic society, individuals have full free to express their ideas and show their unique talents and characters. 38"In the age of television, reading books is not as important as it once was. People can learn as much by watching television as they can by reading books."Though each has its advantages, television and books are not capable to win over each other.Reading books is an active process, where we can make choice of what, when and to which extent we want to learn. With regard to the appealing traits and easygoing nature, television can help a lot in study.39"The intellectual benefits of attending a university or college are vastly overrated: most people could learn more by studying and reading on their own for four years than by pursuing a university or college degree."Bill Gates, who quitted from university and did not complete his degree while establish his business of Microsoft which ranks in the top of Fortune, may serve as a good example that people could learn more by studying and reading on their own rather than pursuing a university or college degree.As for people who have strong ability of self-management and definite purpose of learning, they may obtain more knowledge from self-studying than attending university or college.While, many people still would like to learning by attending university or college, because the formal education system not only provide students a perfect studying atmosphere but also instruct students study more efficiently and effectively. In addition, studying in university or college other than studying on their own, conduce to shape a sound personality41"Such non-mainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science."We may find out that, people who resort to fortune-telling, astrology and such non-mainstream area of inquiry unusually are ill educated and underclass of the society.Indeed, the main reason that why non-mainstream area of inquiry is favored by a few people is that it comforts people who worry about their destiny.Besides, non-mainstream area of inquiry also plays an important role to satisfy peoples’ curiosity about the unknown world.46"While some leaders in government, sports, industry, and other areas attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competition, a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation."Through competition, one makes himself/herself become eminent, so do the leaders entrench their successful position. The sense of competition is indispensable for a leader no matter what areas he/her belongs to.More specifically, cooperation is a kind of responsibility bestowed to one who wants to be a leader.47"Society does not place enough emphasis on the intellect-that is, on reasoning and other cognitive skills”.In a sense, intellectual skills and non-intellectual skills are somewhat like skeleton and flesh of a body.A society cannot advance without cognitive skills, yet it cannot keep well-being without non-cognitive ones.Both crucial to individual and society, intellectual and non-intellectural skills, however, receive unfair attention at present..48"The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."In most historical documents, those significant figures were described as the only decision makers.It is natural, however, for historians to do so, or from another aspect, they have to.Lacking of sufficient materials is another problem.50"In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach."1. to faculty members of some academic area, working outside the academic world will do little help to their academic ability while distracting them from the research and instruction work they should concentrate on2. compulsory working in professions outside academic world may cause the college and university to lose their outstanding faculty member3. to some academic area such as engineering, faculty members should be encouraged to work outside for some time in order to better orient instruction to students for future career51"Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."1. the efficiency of education lies in its generalization ( teacher, student )2. over-specified education will narrow down students’ ken and capability of acclimation to future career3. in order to cater individual needs and to enhance interests of students, schools can offer some specifically designed programs to students54"History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today."History is a part of our development, and provides relevant information of present problems.History also serves as a source of precedent and predication, which guide us to avoid or less making false decisions when in face of hard task in present.Admittedly, there are entirely new problems that we have to cope with on our own without any precedents in history to refer to, but this does not prevent us from making right choices, since learning history has taught us to perceive and analyse the problems with historic perspective.56"Governments should focus more on solving the immediate problems of today rather than trying to solve theanticipated problems of the future."Undoubtedly, immediate problems that agonize and afflict people mostly, such as crimes, wars, drag abuse, unemployment and so on, actually need to be addressed by government as soon as possible since their existence extremely danger the normal living of public.However, it is misconception that governments can ignore the anticipated problems of the future in favor of the immediate ones, even though the latter may be more urgent.Furthermore, narrowly concentrating on solving the immediate problems rather than trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future, is an expression of irresponsible for the future generations.59"Too much emphasis is placed on role models. Instead of copying others, people should learn to think and act independently and thus make the choices that are best for them."We have been brought up with the tales and legends of kinds of heroes and heroines, no matter whether these characters are real persons or fictional ones, these stories serve as our primary enlightened materials that instill us virtues and values the society cherishes commonly in which we are living.Merely imitating role models may result in laziness and dependence since one does not suffer himself/herself of thinking and analyzing.Learning to think and act independently does not naturally conflict with learning form role models.61"High-profile awards such as the Nobel Prize are actually damaging to society because they suggest that only a few people deserve such recognition."Most of these children farewell these dreams when they grow up for their capability, personal interests and other factors. The remained few, however, by persistently pursuing their original aim, attain it in the end.Admittedly not every one has the opportunity to get any high-profile award. There are many realistical limitations such as capability, intellecture, aggression and, of course, opportunity.Actually any adult is well aware that those few deserve the great awards they win since they have done great contribution in their area, which are often relatively not well profitable.64"Many people know how to attain success, but few know how to make the best use of it."许多人知道如何获得成功，但很少人懂得充分利用成功；it指“success" 强调成功后如何利用1. The conception of "success", relatively, is one of narrow sense, not wide-sense.2. Limited personal ability result in failing to make best use of the success furtherly.3. Further success is related to how to make the use of other concerning resource.许多人知道如何获得成功，但很少人懂得充分利用“如何获得成功”it指how to attain success（成功过程方法）1.Many people know how to attain success; But those who are successfuly should have learned to make the best use of all kinds of factors. Main factor result in success are listed as followed:2. The ability of personal, first: intelligence,special knowlege in the concerning field; Second, emotion and other socail ability,how to make all the factors into a system group.3. Dificiency of resource.74"The most effective way to communicate an idea or value to large groups of people is through the use of images, not language."1. it is much easier for people to understand an idea by vision than by abstract language ( deep impression, straight presentation, etc. )2. when large groups of people are addressed, language cannot achieve relatively even effect to all, while images can be effective to average, or even those not quick at understanding3. when it comes to some abstract ideological ideas or values, or to the necessity to attain further understanding, language is indispensible80"All students should be required to take courses in the sciences, even if they have no interest in science." 1.Science as an important comment of modern education, all the student should be required to study it at some suitable level.2. The skill of science would be a stepping-stone to other subject.3. The interest of science need to be raised and inspired, different way would be encouraged to be used in the education. 83"Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state, even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people."1)to the environment's sake, it is necessary to do so . leaving some pristine not polluted surrounding to the posterity, and remain the last resident to the prosecuted and protected animals.(2)for the economics’ sake, reserving the wildness can conserve some of the race that it may perhaps porfitive in the use beyond nowadays our research's ability for the future.(3)in order to preserve the wilderness not to dig out to be a place of interest, there is no need to be convenient to access. On the other hand, the more remote and inaccessible it is, the more significance effect it can attain.(4)so the government should keep an eye on the protection on the wildness85"Government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts."1.artists, producers of the arts, are mundane beings who can only use objective things as brushes, canvas and museums to foster and propaganda their products. All of those things need money.2.the integrity of the arts requires the populace’s understanding of them, without propaganda the proclaimed integrity merely a hollow husk. It also need money to achieve the aim.3.another fundamental essence of the integrity of arts is its sustenance. If had deprived of a series of successive artists, how could, not only the integrity of the arts, but the existence of it, be possible?87."In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries."A. Beginners have intense curiosity about the unknown and great courage to try new things, while experienced experts tend to be more conservative.B. Furthermore, beginners are highly motivated and enthusiastic people who are eager to establish their career and fame.88"Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics."A. Technologies have radically changed the way we spend holidays.B. The new way of communication brought about by electronic technology have transformed the way we associate with each other in our daily lives.C. However, we should not let technology to determine our ethics.93. "The concept of 'individual responsibility' is a necessary fiction. Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions, people's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making."A. Organizational management rests on the basic resumption that individuals should and can take their respective responsibility in accordance with their specific roles in the organizational structure.B. Many political, social as well as family problems result from the lack of a sense of individual responsibility.C. Admittedly, the fact that individuals, as social animals, are molded by the social environment in which they grow up, should draw our attention to the government’s responsibility in construction and maintaining a social environment contributive to the healthy growing of individuals.99. "In any realm of life-whether academic, social, business, or political-the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."A. From a philosophical point of view, living is experiencing, which is an everlasting interaction between man? andreality.B. Any human undertaking irrespective of the hard facts and laws of reality is destined to failure.C. However, ideals give us hope and enthusiasm, lifting us to new heights and helping us to overcome self-imposed limitations.103."The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives."First of all, to study history is to look at a road map of human behavior that has led us to where we are today in the world. For example, the lessons learned during all of the past wars can make for more effective wartime leadership by avoiding mistakes made by past commanders. From the ancient Chinese author Sun Tzu's book "The Art of War", today's military commanders and even business leaders gather valuable information that allows them to operate more efficiently and effectively.Another example is that by studying history, parents can help to improve the lives of their children in the future. Additionally, the study of medical advances made throughout history can be the foundation to build upon to make the medical advances of today and tomorrow to make people live longer and healthier lives.A further example of the value of the study of history beyond its effect on daily life is the treatment of the environment and the earth as a whole108."In many countries it is now possible to turn on the television and view government at work. Watching these proceedings can help people understand the issues that affect their lives. The more kinds of government proceedings - trials, debates, meetings, etc. - that are televised, the more society will benefit."One example of the possible negative effects of televising all governmental proceedings was the trial in the United States of accused murderer and former National Football League superstar O.J. Simpson.On the other hand, television of the day-to-day workings of government in action provides direct insight into how a government actually works.One of the problems with stating that the more governmental proceedings that are televised, the better of a society is, is that people might come to believe that they are seeing everything when in fact, a television camera can only see part of what is happening no matter how many cameras there are.Another problem with the statement that the more televised governmental proceedings, the better, is that it assumes that people actually watch the proceedings when they are broadcast.110."When we concern ourselves with the study of history, we become storytellers. Because we can never know the past directly but must construct it by interpreting evidence, exploring history is more of a creative enterprise than it is an objective pursuit. All historians are storytellers."From the perspective of the historian, most historians do not have the benefit of having lived through the period of history that they are writing about.Historians that are documenting events as they happen today have much less of an opportunity to fall into the "storyteller" category as they are present as witnesses to these events as they are happening.Another example showcasing the idea that all historians are storytellers is that of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.Particularly when it concerns ancient history, all historians must be storytellers to a certain degree. "Connecting the dots" of surviving evidence from the time period or event being examined requires a certain amount of personal intuition and supposition.120."So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."A. Understanding the pag,t can show us inspirational examples of success.B. Studying history can also help us avoid repeating mistakesC. The study of past is important because the relevant historical antecedents can help us fully appreciate our present challenges.127."Facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, our inclinations, or the dictates of our passions."A. On an individual level, we all engage in futile attempts to alter facts-by pretending that certain things are not the way they are because they are inconsistent with our wishes or personal interests.B. Nor can we alter facts by virtue of our inclinations or passions when it comes to history.C. Similarly, when it comes to science our wishes and desires ultimately yield to the stubbornness of facts-by which I mean empirical scientific evidence and the laws and principles of the physical world.130."How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society."A. Consider first the speaker's assertion that society's destiny depends on how children are socialized. Socialization is only one factor influencing the extent to which an individual will ultimately contribute to a better society. And it is not the most important one.B. Consider next the speaker's claim that we have not yet learned how to raise children who can better society.131."The arts (painting, music, literature, etc.) reveal me otherwise hidden ideas and impulses of a society."A. The art aim at depicting the feelings and attitudes of individuals in a society.B. Paintings and music mist vividly embody the spirits and character of a society.C. By reading literature, we get to know not only the experience of a society, but also the hidden ideas and impulses of the society.136."The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare."A. Our life experience is that we make choices and decisions every day -on a continual basis. Common sense tells us that humans have free will, and therefore the true absence of choice is very rare. The only possible exceptions -solitary imprisonment or a severe mental or physical deficiency.B. Besides, the reverse claim-that we do not have free choice-serves to undermine the notions of moral accountability and human equality, which prerequisite the survival of any democratic society.C. People often claim that life's circumstances leave them with "no choice." One might feel trapped in a job or marriage. However, in reality they may have a lot of choices, it is just because they are only considering those choices that are not viable or attractive.D. People may take the unappealing, even self-defeating as no choice.138"Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress."A. Mistakes help us find out what is unworkable and hence we can approach the right solution.B. Fearing making mistakes prevents us from trying new things and taking risks.C. The right attitude toward mistakes is not to avoid them, but to learn from them.144."It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value." a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc.A. critics can help us understand and interpret art; a critic who is familiar with a particular artist and his or her works might have certain insights about those works that the layperson would not.B. A critic's evaluation of an artwork serves as a filter, which helps us determine which art is worth our time and attention.C. A critic can provide feedback for artists; and constructive criticism, if taken to heart, can result in better work.147."Tradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose between them."A. Tradition refers to the beliefs, values, customs, way of life, crafts, etc., that are handed down from generation to generation in a society.B. Modernization refers to the process of urbanization, industrialization and democratization, or in a large sense, westernization.C. Many traditional wisdoms are still relevant and can inspire us to search for solutions to present problems.D. The correct way to modernize a culture is to transform or reform its tradition rather than to uproot its tradition. 150."Because of television and worldwide computer connections, people can now become familiar with a great many places that they have never visited. As a result, tourism will soon become obsolete."A. As for the claim that television will render tourism obsolete, we already have sufficient empirical evidence that this will simply not happen.B. On the contrary television may have actually served to spark people's interest in visiting other places.C. The speaker unfairly assumes that the purpose of tourism is simply to obtain information about other people or places and the scenes on the internet can replace traveling to the real places.D. Moreover, in my view tourism will continue to thrive for the same reason that people still go out for dinner or to the movies: we all need to get away from our routines and surroundings from time to time. Computer cannot alter this basic human needs.E. Admittedly, travel for purposes other than tourism might eventually decline, as the business world becomes increasingly dependent on the Internet.152 "The only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay within the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies."A. Admittedly, corporate executives should make every effort to increase the profits of their companies.B. Besides making as much money as possible, corporate executives should be aware o f businesses’ social responsibilities.C. Taking some social responsibilities will benefit companies in the long run.153."Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."A. Skepticism, or critical thinking, helps us uncover bias and prejudice and distinguish between opinion and fact.B. Skepticism is the starting point for creation.C. College campus is a place where teachers and students get involved in a common pursuit for knowledge and truth.154."Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators."A. parents hold the ultimately legal authority to make key decisions about what and how their own childrenlearn-including choice of curriculum and text books, pace and schedule for learning, and the extent to which their child should learn alongside other children.B. Only a parent can truly know the unique needs of a child-including what educational choices are best suited forthe child.C. Parents are more motivated-by pride and ego-than any other person to take whatever measures are needed toensure their children receive the best possible education.D. With the communities' participation, local schools wilt do better in instructing the children, especially in therespect of moral instruction. SX-h I disagree with the speaker's assertion. A compelling argument can be made that, except for major decisions such as choice of school, a child's education is best left to professional educators. 157."There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires."。

2.(1)工作还是兴趣4正反分，(circumstances; compelling reason; possible consequence)XX可能会认为/工作确实重要：对个人：Having a job is a prerequisite for high personal accomplishment.对家庭：To nurturing a student, a family mush spend much money and effort. If a youngster of a family have trouble finding a job, the whole family might get into financial trouble.对社会：Normally, a field where a host of jobs are available is where social need is pressing. sunset industryNevertheless, availability of jobs should not be the only criterion for choosing the field of study; personal interests should not be neglected.选择不好找工作的专业不意味着找不到工作，如果自己有兴趣并且努力一样可以出人头地Materials that are unpleasant and not interesting tend to be repressed by people while materials that are interesting tend to be digested more readily and thoroughly. With greater interests, students will be more motivated, more diligent, and more likely to succeed in their fields. Besides, students will be happier if they can work in the fields of interests.难找工作的专业不意味着对社会贡献就低。

GRE写作Issue问题题库分析与提纲第一类社会2。

"Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society.”归根结底，竞争对于社会是利多弊少。

Generally speaking，competition contributes to progress in society.1.Generally speaking, competition contributes to progress insociety。

2.In democratic countries，when parties and candidatescompete for power，the public benefits。

3.Admittedly，when competition gets out of the control ofmores and laws，society will suffer。

竞争对于社会的优点和缺点----——-——-—--——-—----—-——-———-3. "It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend it on long—term research that might help future generations。

"与其花钱进行可能有助于后代的长期性研究，还不如把钱花在迫在眉睫，已经存在的社会问题上。

Humanity should take into account both long-term interests and short—term interests when making budgets。

1.Naturally，each generation is most concerned about solvingproblems that immediately confront them.2.However, what differentiates human beings from otheranimals is that humans have a sense of future and are morally responsible for the well-being of their descendents.3.Therefore，as beneficiaries of previous generations，eachgeneration should make its own contribution for thewell—being of future generations.当务之急和百年大计的关系-—-—--——-———-——————--——-————-—9. ”Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars’ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience，their ideas will have little use.”近些年来，学科已经细化到了相当的程度以至于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。

精彩文档The speaker fails to see the positive effects of the pressure exerted by exams.1.Admittedly, exams might exert some negative impacton students.2.However, competition for high grades among studentscould motivate students to work hard.Well-prepared exam questions could also help students review their lessons.--------------------------------102. "For better or worse, education is a process that involves revising the ideas, beliefs, and values people held in the past."不论好坏，教育是一个修正人们过去所持有的理念、信仰和价值观的过程。

Education is far more involved than just revising people’s old ideas, beliefs and values.cation often inputs, rather than revise, ideas andvalues to people’s mind.2.The ultimate purpose of education is to teach theyoung generation how to confront the challenges of the present.除旧取新的过程-----------------------------104. "It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears."如果一个文化想要它认为好的理念永世长存而摈弃它厌恶的理念，主要是通过正规的教育。

GRE作文题库所有244道Issue 题目的写作提纲GRE写作Issue问题题库分析与提纲第一类社会2. "Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society." 归根结底，竞争对于社会是利多弊少。

Generally speaking, competition contributes to progress in society.1.Generally speaking, competition contributes to progressin society.2.In democratic countries, when parties and candidatescompete for power, the public benefits.3.Admittedly, when competition gets out of the control ofmores and laws, society will suffer.竞争对于社会的优点和缺点------------------------------3. "It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help future generations."与其花钱进行可能有助于后代的长期性研究，还不如把钱花在迫在眉睫，已经存在的社会问题上。

Humanity should take into account both long-term interests and short-term interests when making budgets.1.Naturally, each generation is most concerned aboutsolving problems that immediately confront them.2.However, what differentiates human beings from otheranimals is that humans have a sense of future and aremorally responsible for the well-being of theirdescendents.3.Therefore, as beneficiaries of previous generations, eachgeneration should make its own contribution for thewell-being of future generations.当务之急和百年大计的关系------------------------------9. "Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use."近些年来，学科已经细化到了相当的程度以至于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。

GRE写作ISSUE如何快速确立写作提纲GRE写作ISSUE如何快速确立写作提纲, 实用写法挖掘官方题库价值潜力，今天给大家带来了GRE写作ISSUE如何快速确立写作提纲，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下。

GRE写作ISSUE如何快速确立写作提纲实用写法挖掘官方题库价值潜力题库的"十字坐标定位法"对于任何一道issue题来说，都可以根据它的出题方式和题材进行分类。

而目前的issue题库，按出题方式分类不外乎五大类(因果类，建议类，比较类，偏激类，复合类);按照题材分为七大类(教育，媒体，科技，主观客观，个体集体，艺术，社会政治)。

任何一道issue题，按照出题方式分类，可以帮助我们迅速破题，按照每种类型固定的破题思路对题目进行解构，这样一来，写作提纲就可以很快完成了;按照题材分类，可以帮助我们迅速在已有的素材库中选择合适的例子作为论据，对题目进行进一步阐释。

这就象在一个坐标轴上，横轴为出题方式分类，纵轴为题材分类，拿到任意一道题，只要我们迅速判断这道题属于哪种出题方式和题材，就可以在坐标轴上定位到一点。

只要找到了这一点，该题的写作提纲，以及写作素材便可以立刻得到。

那么，一篇issue作文也就只是把写作提纲和素材结合在一起的过程。

这样，写作也就变得相当容易了。

论据素材巧准备对于绝大多数的GRE考生来说，准备作文时最头疼的问题就是没有例子。

虽然上了这么多年的学，脑子里的知识也不少，可以只要一举例子，就只有那么稀稀拉拉的几个"大路货"。

一举科学家，大凡就是爱因斯坦，牛顿，居里夫人;一提到"失败是成功之母"，就只有爱迪生玩命地试灯泡了。

可是，想要举出一个与众不同的例子，真的就这么难吗?其实，如果你留心观察生活，就会发现，生活中到处都是好例子，遗憾的是，我们从来没有想过把它们变成写作的一部分。

那么该怎么去发现这些好例子呢?方法其实也很简单：首先，你必须要很熟悉题库。