英语中主动形式表被动意义的十种情况
英语中有时用动词的主动形式表示被动意义。现总结如下：
1.某些感官动词，如look,feel,sound,taste,smell等常用主动形式表示被动意义。例如：
2.某些动词，如sell,wash,write,lock,shut,close,open,read,wear等，作不及物动词时常用主动形式表示被动意义。例如：
His pen writes smoothly.
The window won’t shut.
This type of TV set sells well.
3.prove用作系动词，用主动形式表被动意义。
These methods have proves quite effective.
He proves (to be)honest.
4.be worth后长加动词的主动形式表被动意义。例如：
The book is well worth reading.
This film is worth seeing.
5.need,want,require,won’t bear,deserve等动词后用V-ing主动形式表被动意义。句中主语是V-ing实质上的宾语。用作V-ing形式的动词若是不及物动词，后应加相应的介词。
The flowers need/want/require watering.
The problem required paying special attention to.
以上几个动词除外，也可用不定式的被动语态来表示。例如：
6.某些动词的进行时可表被动意义，如print,cook,build,show等。例如：
What’s showing at the cinema this week?
Her novel is reprinting(=being reprinted).
The bridge is building(=being built)
7.to let（出租），to blame（责备）只用主动形式表被动意义。例如：
This flat is to let.
Who is to blame for it?
8.在there be句型及with的复合结构中，可以用主动形式表被动意义。例如：
There is nothing to read.
There is nothing to do now.
There is nothing to worry about.
With so much work to do,Mary cannot but stay at home.
9.有些形容词后接不定式作状语时，常用主动形式表被动意义。此类形容词有easy,hard,difficult,cheap,expensive,fit,nice,good,funny,exciting,light,heavy,dangerous,comfortabl e,delicious等。动词是不及物时要加相应的介词。例如：
The fish is delicious to eat.
The ground is too hard to dig.
The chair is comfortable to sit on.
10.不定式作后置定语，与所修饰的词有动宾关系，又与句中其它名词或代词有主位关系，这时不定式用主动形式表被动意义。不定式为不及物动词时，其后应加相应的介词。例如：Do you have anything to say?
He is a pleasant person to work with.
