下载文档原格式
雅思考试课程写作部分高频词汇雅思写作考试是雅思考试中的一部分，对于很多考生来说，写作往往是最具挑战性的部分。
为了在雅思写作考试中取得好成绩，掌握一些高频词汇是非常重要的。
下面是一些在雅思写作考试中经常出现的高频词汇，希望能对您备考有所帮助。
1. Advantage: 优点Example: One of the advantages of living in a big city is the easy access to various amenities and services.2. Disadvantage: 缺点Example: Despite the advantages, there are also some disadvantages of living in a big city, such as high living costs and traffic congestion.3. Benefit: 好处Example: One of the benefits of regular exercise is improved physical and mental health.4. Drawback: 不利之处Example: One drawback of using social media is that it can be addictive and time-consuming.5. Impact: 影响Example: The widespread use of smartphones has had a significant impact on how people communicate and interact with each other.6. Solution: 解决方案Example: To address the problem of air pollution, governments should implement stricter environmental regulations and promote the use of renewable energy.7. Challenge: 挑战Example: Learning a new language can be a challenge, but it is also a rewarding experience.8. Opportunity: 机会Example: Studying abroad provides students with an opportunity to experience different cultures and broaden their horizons.9. Consequence: 结果Example: The consequences of climate change can be devastating, including rising sea levels and extreme weather events.10. Trend: 趋势Example: One trend in modern society is the increasing use of technology in everyday life.11. Policy: 政策Example: The government should implement stricter policies to reduce plastic waste and protect the environment.12. Impactful: 有影响力的Example: A good leader should have impactful communication skills to inspire and motivate their team.13. Controversial: 有争议的Example: The use of genetic engineering in agriculture is a controversial topic, with some advocating for its benefits and others raising concerns about its potential risks.14. Innovation: 创新Example: Technological innovations have revolutionized various industries, transforming the way we live and work.15. Sustainable: 可持续的Example: It is crucial for businesses to adopt sustainable practices to minimize their environmental impact.16. Globalization: 全球化Example: Globalization has led to increased interconnectivity and interdependence among countries.17. Diversity: 多样性Example: Embracing diversity in the workplace can lead to increased creativity and better problem-solving.18. Inevitable: 不可避免的Example: Climate change is an inevitable consequence of human activities, requiring immediate action to mitigate its effects.19. Perspective: 观点Example: Different individuals may have different perspectives on the same issue, based on their background and experiences.20. Contemplate: 考虑Example: Before making a decision, it is important to carefully contemplate the potential consequences.以上是一些在雅思写作考试中经常出现的高频词汇，掌握这些词汇可以帮助您在写作中表达清晰，提升您的成绩。
雅思写作高频词汇分类汇总科技类1.advanced science 尖端科学2.scientific invention 科学发明3.exert a far-reaching impact on… 对…产生一种深远的影响4.double-edged sword 双刃剑5.earth-shaking changes 翻天覆地的改变6.pay the way for the future development 为未来的发展铺平道路y a solid fou ndation for… 为…打下良好的基础8.energy crisis 能源危机9.depletion of resources 能源消耗estone 里程碑11.sophisticated equipment 尖端设备12.technical innovation 科技创新13.expediency 权宜之计14.antithetical 与…背道而驰的15.over-commercialized 过渡商业化的16.a heated discussion 热烈的讨论17.exhaust gas 废气18.disastrous 灾难性的19.overshadow 使…相形见绌pared to/with… 与…相比her in 引领22.speedy and comfortable 既快捷又舒适23.opposite forces 负面影响24.a fatal breakdown 致命故障25.potential hazards 潜在危险26.pose a th reat to… 对…有一种威胁27.promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展28.accelerate 加速…29.means of transportation 交通方式30.transportation tools 交通工具31.social status 社会地位32.environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源33.make people’s life easier 使人们生活更方便34.alternative fuel 可替代燃料35.sustainable development 可持续性发展36.scientific exploration 科学探索37.air travel 航空旅行38.ridiculous 可笑的39.absurd 荒唐的40.substitute 取代41.overcome difficulties 克服困难42.make progress 取得进步43.a sense of national pride 民族自豪感44.unprecedented 前所未有的45.soaring 不断上升的46.give a great push to the economic growth 极大地推动了经济发展47.see dramatic breakthroughs 取得突破性进展48.aggravate 使恶化49.optimize 优化50.cure-all solution 万能良药文化类二1.cultural diversity 文化多元化2.cultural treasures 文化宝藏3.cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流4.cultural reconstruction 文化重建5.spiritual civilization 精神文明6.heritage 遗产7.achievements of art 艺术成就8.tear down 拆除9.humane historical sites 人文历史遗址10.preserve the cultural relics 保护文化遗产11.blueprint 蓝图12.skyscraper 摩天大楼13.high-rise office buildings 高层写字楼14.city construction 城市建设15.well-structured 结构良好的16.crystallization 结晶17.visual enjoyment 视觉享受18.driving force 驱动力19.reconstruct 重建20.destruct 破坏21.architectural industry 建筑工业22.map out 制定出23.city designing 城市设计24.beautify our life 美化我们的生活25.human civilization 人类文明26.cradle of culture 文化摇篮27.mainstream culture 主流文化28.cultural traditions 文化传统29.national pride 民族自豪30.local customs and practices 风土人情31.attract people’s eyes 吸引人们的眼球32.artistic taste 艺术品味33.cornerstone 基石34.be closely interrelated with… 与…有密切关系35.adhere to the tradition 坚持传统36.architectural vandalism 破坏建筑行为37.carry forward … 弘扬…38.cultural needs 文化需求39.reputation 声望40.maintain the world peace 维护世界和平41.artistic reflection 艺术反映42.give publicity to… 宣传…43.burden 负担44.cause irreversible damage 造成不可逆转的损失45.national identity and value 民族特性和价值观46.remove prejudice and misunderstanding 消除偏见和误解47.symbol 象征48.artistic standards 艺术水准49.enjoy great popularity 广受欢迎50.cultural devolution 文化退化文化类一1.cultural insights 文化视角2.learn about the would 了解世界3.a thrilling experience 一种令人激动的经历4.abstract 抽象的5.concrete 具体的6.move somebody to tears 使…感动落泪7.get relaxed and entertained 得到放松和娱乐8.venue 场所9.has its value 有其自己价值10.inspiration 灵感11.scope of knowledge 知识面12.spread knowledge 传播知识sting artistic works 永恒的艺术作品14.abstruse 深奥的15.break with old customs 抛弃传统16.carry down from generation to generation 代代相传17.advocate the new lifestyle. 倡导新的生活方式18.entertainment 娱乐19.be different from … 与…不同20.direct experience 直接经验21.echo 共识22.satiate people’s psychological demands 满足心理需求23.attach more importance to … 更重视…24.spiritual enhancement 精神升华25.a mirror of … 是…的一面镜子26.determinant 决定性因素27.eclipse 使…相形见绌28.contribute to … 有助于…29.a sense of cool and satisfaction 一种惬意的感觉30.pastimes 消遣方式31.nurture imagination 培养想象力32.meditation 沉思33.an essence of immortality 永恒的精髓34.instructive 有启发性的35.edification 熏陶36.arouse one’s curiosity about something 引发某人对某事的好奇心37.enrich one’s knowledge 丰富某人知识38.value of knowledge 知识的价值39.cultural differences 文化差异性40.time is fleeting and art is long 时光飞逝，艺术永恒社会类1.urbanization 城市化2.centralization 集中化3.imbalance 不平衡4.in the long run 从长远角度而言5.infrastructure 基础设施6.booming 繁荣发展的7.tertiary industry 第三产业8.tranquility 宁静9.revenue 税收mercialization 商业化11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤12.water scarcity 水短缺13.the environmental pollution 环境污染14.over-industrialization 过度工业化15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16.unemployment 失业17.wealth distribution 财富分配18.social instability 社会动荡19.urban construction 城市建设20.population explosion 人口激增21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22.drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活25.stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病26.high cost of living 高额生活费用27.pastoral life 田园生活28.class polarization 阶级两极分化29.social welfare 社会福利30.give special care to … 给予…特殊关照31.urban sprawl 城市扩张32.convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具33.better medical services 更好的医疗服务34.pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力35.be vulnerable to … 易于患上…36.melting pot 熔炉37.on the brink of … 处于…边缘38.pollutant 污染性物质39.waste disposal 废物处理40.put the b lame on … 归咎于…41.be attributable to … 归因为…42.ways of consumption 消费方式43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失44.citizen 居民45.be confronted with… 面临着…46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪47.vicious cycle 恶性循环48.a feasible measure 一种可行的措施49.give priority to …优先考虑…50.city planners 城市规划者动物保护类1.vivisection 活体解剖2.perform. experiments on animals 在动物身上做试验3.test animals 用于实验的动物4.be subjected to experiments 被迫接受试验5.animal rights 动物权利6.clinical research 临床研究7.cruel 残忍的8.extremist 极端主义者9.medical research 医学研究10.origin of species 物种起源11.alternative method 替代的方法12.biological diversity 生物多样性13.natural balance 自然平衡14.equilibrium of ecosystem 生态平衡15.coexistence 共存16.endangered animals 濒危动物17.diversity of species 物种多样性18.shameless 令人羞愧的19.barbaric 野蛮的20.live and let live 活着就是与万物共存21.meaningless 没有意义的22.dominant species 优势物种boratory 实验室24.vaccine 疫苗25.infringement 践踏26.right to live 生存权27.torture 折磨28.anti-science 反科学的29.life-threatening diseases 危及生命的疾病30.scientific gains 科学成果31.an ever-lasting theme 一个永恒的主题32.evolution 进化puter simulation 电脑模拟34.groundless 没有理由的35.humane 人道的36.medical technology 医疗技术37.anatomy 解剖38.equal 公平的39.unreliable 不可信赖的40.valid 有效的、正当的媒体类1.paparazzi 狗仔队2.mass media 大众媒体3.entertainment 娱乐4.journalism 新闻业5.journal 期刊6.the latest news 最新消息7.exclusive news 独家新闻8.news agency 新闻社9.news blockout 新闻封锁10.news censorship 新闻审查11.freedom of the press 新闻自由12.coverage 新闻报道13.do reportage on … 报导…14.hit the headlines 上头条15.issue 出版、发行16.newsstand 报摊17.free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人18.chief editor 总编19.editorial 社论20.newsworthy 值得报道的21.barometer 晴雨表22.the barometer of public opinion 舆论的晴雨表23.live broadcast 直播24.quiz show 智力竞争节目25.game show 游戏节目26.variety show 综合节目27.talk show 脱口秀28.sitcom 情景喜剧29.soap opera 肥皂剧30.movie star 电影明星31.movie king 影帝32.movie queen 影后33.affair 绯闻34.celebrity 名人35.fame 名声36.rise to fame 声名鹊起37.fan 粉丝38.invade one’s privacy 侵扰了…的隐私39.misleading 误导性的40.cheating 欺骗性的41.popularity 知名度42.scandal 丑闻43.sensational 轰动的44.prevalent 普遍的、流行的45.imperative 重要的、必要的46.audience ratings 收视率47.propaganda 宣传48.be abducted by 受…诱导49.purify one’s soul 净化心灵50.live in virtual would 生活在一个虚拟世界中51.be a great comfort to somebody 对…来说是一个巨大安慰52.meet different tastes 满足不同口味53.provide somebody with something 给…提供…54.follow the fashion blindly 盲目追逐时尚mit crimes 犯罪56.be inconceivable to somebody 对…来说是难以想象的57.impressive 给人印象深刻的58.right to know 知情权59.in the disguise of … 打着…的幌子60.endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳定和安全媒体类二rmation era 信息时代2.keep one informed about something 使人们了解…3.audience/viewers 观众4.have unhealthy and harmful effects on… 对…有不良影响rmation-explosion society 信息爆炸的社会6.influential 有影响的7.revolutionize the way we acquire information 彻底改变了我们获取信息的方式8.blessing 福9.curse 祸10.various thrilling programs 各种各样激动人心的节目11.poor-quality programs 低质量节目12.ever-accelerated 不断发展的13.exaggerate 夸张14.enjoyable 令人享受的15.fashionable 时尚的16.electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射17.psychological illnesses 心理疾病18.isolated 孤僻的19.unimaginative 缺乏想象力的20.unsociable 不好社交的21.deprive somebody of one’s imagination and creativity 使…丧失了想象力和创造力22.jeopardize one’s health 危害健康23.be exposed to… 了解到…接触到…24.find its way into every family 进入千家万户25.global village 地球村26.be indulged in… 沉溺于…27.be addicted to … 对…上瘾28.be fascinated by … 被…所吸引29.be dependent on … 依赖…30.second-hand information 二手信息31.go astray 误入歧途32.embark on the criminal road 走上犯罪道路33.irresistible 无法抵制的34.hallmark 标志35.create topics of discussion 制造交谈话题36.critical thinking 批判性思维37.powerful means of communication 有力的交流工具38.main cause 主因39.tempting 有诱惑力的40.reliable 可靠的41.family attachment 家庭归属感42.mutual understanding 相互了解43.alienation of affection 感情疏远44.be sick of … 对…厌倦45.generation gap 代沟46.exchanges of feelings 感情交流47.emotional bond 感情纽带48.strengthen family ties 加强家庭纽带关系49.be detached from reality 与现实隔绝50.distinguish right from wrong 明辨是非51.edifying 有教育意义的52.couch potato 电视迷53.be harmful to … 对…有害54.imitate 模仿55.inexpressible 难以形容的56.physical and mental health 身心健康57.stimulate one’s imagination and creativity 激发某人想象力和创造力58.unwholesome lifestyle. 不健康的生活方式59.a great deal of information 大量的信息60.disinteresting 令人索然无味的工作类1.ambitious 雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的2.adaptability 适应性3.adapt oneself to … 使自己适应…4.prosperity 繁荣5.be disadvantageous to … 对…不利6.flow of personnel 人才流动7.mechanism of personnel flow 人才流动机制8.survival of the fittest 适者生存9.a sense of accomplishment 成就感10.potentiality 潜能11.learn to cooperate and comprise 学习合作和妥协12.be deeply impressed with … 对…印象很深pany philosophy 企业文化14.flexibility 灵活性petitive 竞争激烈的16.arena 舞台17.team-work spirit 团队合作精神18.treasure opportunity 珍惜机会19.a fat salary 收入颇丰20.a harmonious interpersonal relationship 和谐的人际关系21.a sense of responsibility 责任感22.material gains 物质待遇23.promising future 光明的前途24.bright prospect 光明的前景25.a challenging job 一份具有挑战性的工作26.turning point 转折点27.be closely related to … 与…息息相关28.get advanced in the society 出人头地29.a decent job 一份体面的工作30.chance of promotion升迁机会31.stability and satisfaction 稳定感和满足感32.keep skills fresh and up-to-date 使技能可以不断更新33.expand one’s horizon 开阔视野34.balance work and life 平衡工作和生活35.from-nine-to-five 朝九晚五一族36.shoulder/undertake one’s responsibility 承担起自己的责任37.upgrade oneself 提升自我38.a well-paid job 高收入工作39.creative work 创造性工作40.stand up to / meet the challenge 迎接挑战41.realize the value of life 实现人生价值42.enrich one’s social experience 丰富一个人的社会阅历43.cultivate one’s independence and toughness 培养自己的独立性和坚韧性44.seek for personal development 追求个人发展45.d isplay one’s talent 展示才能46.a sense of self-fulfillment 自我实现感47.promotion opportunity 提升机会48.meet one’s personalized needs 满足某人个性化需求49.define one’s role 确定自己的角色50.social recognition 社会认可51.accumulate experience 获取经验52.inspiring 鼓舞人心的53.motivation 动机54.workaholic 工作狂55.working environment 工作环境56.work overtime 加班57.improve one’s capabilities 提高某人能力58.develop one’s talents 培养才智59.ideal workplace 理想工作场所60.master interpersonal skills 掌握人际交往技能交通类1.automobile industry 汽车工业2.boost the economic development 促进经济发展3.levy the tax 征税4.modernization 现代化5.be viewed as … 被视为是…6.be concerned about … 对…担忧/关注…7.pollution-free fuel 无污染燃料8.luxury 奢侈品9.chronic lead poisoning 慢性铅中毒10.fill… with … 使…充斥着11.popularization of cars 汽车普及y more emphasis on… 把重心放在…13.observe traffic regulations 遵守交通规则14.break traffic regulations 违反交通规则15.get struck in traffic 遇上堵车16.rush hour 上下班高峰时间17.ease the traffic pressure 缓解交通压力18.pedestrian 行人19.pavement 人行道20.zebra crossing 斑马线21.overspeed 超速行驶22.bottleneck 交通堵塞地区23.settle down effective laws 制定出积极有效的法律24.impose restrictions on … 对…实施限制25.short-sighted 目光短浅的26.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源27.carbon dioxide 二氧化碳28.a pillar industry 支柱产业29.make full use of … 充分利用30.road networks 公路网31.speed limits 限速32.enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量33.pay a heavy price 付出惨痛的代价34.promote the development of relative industries 促进相关产业发展35.traffic engineering 交通运输工程36.the number of car ownership 汽车拥有量37.call for … 需要…38.overcrowded 过度拥挤的39.violator 违规者40.headache 令人头痛的事41.traffic accidents 交通事故42.head-way 进展43.conflict with … 与…相冲突44.major cause 主要原因45.be replaced by … 被…所取代46.prov ide convenience for … 为…提供便利47.curb… 限制…48.dilemma 进退两难49.encourage somebody to do something鼓励某人去做某事50.energy-saving 节能的。
99个雅思写作高级替换词1.人们People n.Individuals = persons =the public= citizens= one= inhabitants2.认为Think v.Hold= maintain=believe= contend=deem= argue=3.社会Society n.The real world= the community= the public4.名人Famous person n.Celebrity= luminary= legendary figure5.著名的Famous adj.Noted= eminent= prominent= preeminent= distinguished=celebrated= acclaimed 6.专家Specialist n.Expert=master=virtuoso(专才vs.generalist 通才)7.领域Field n.Sphere=discipline(学科)=domain=province(范围)8.技能Skill n.Expertise(专业知识)=prowess(能力)9.品质、特性Quality n.Feature= trait= attribute= characteristic10.信任Have belief in v.Have faith/ trust in11.真实的Real adj.Actual= nonfictional= factual; tangible= concrete= palpable Broad-minded12.心胸宽阔的adj.Tolerant13.思想狭隘的Narrow-minded adj.Insular= conservative14.明智的Wise adj.Prudent= sensible= judicious15.有道理的Reasonable adj.Justified= warranted= legitimate16.没有道理的Unreasonable adj.Unjustified= unwarranted= groundless17.自信Self-confidence n.Morale18.熟悉...Be familiar with19.Beacquainted/conversant with20.竞争Competition n. Rivalry= contest21.合作Cooperate n.Collaborate= take concerted action相关的名词：cooperation=collaboration=combined effort= teamwork= partnership 22.责任Responsibility n. Obligation23.娱乐Relaxation n.Recreation= enjoyment= pleasure= leisure24.实现、完成Achieve v.Attain= accomplish=fulfill one's ambition/duties/criteria25.梦想成真One's dream comes true.Attains one's goal=finds one's niche in life26.失败Failuren.Frustration= setback=nonfulfillment27.成功Success n.Fulfillment= accomplishment=triumph= victory相关动词：succeed (in), fulfill,accomplish28.环境Environment n.Setting=milieu= background =Protect environment29.保护环境v.Be environmentally friendly= be co-friendly30.破坏生态平衡Break the ecological balance v.Disrupt/ upset the ecological balance31.Situation 情况n.Scenario= setting32.Phenomenon 现象n.Occurrence= event= happening= fact33.Factor因素n.Element= consideration= concern= situation34.Depend on 取决于v.Hinge on= ride= rely on= rest on35.Different 不同的adj.Various= opposing= diverse相关名词=difference= disparity= discrepancy= variation=variety= diversity=differentiation=36.Different kinds of 不同种类的adj.A variety of= a broad range of= a wide array of= a diversity of37.好处，优势AdvantageBenefit= boon= blessing= reward= upside= merit38.劣势Disadvantage n.Detriment= bane= curse=drawback= downside= demerit39.好的Good adj.Beneficial= advantageous= rewarding= helpful= useful40.坏的Bad adj.Detrimental= disadvantageous= baneful=harmful,negative41.苦难的Difficult adj.Challenging= daunting=formidable=forbidding42.困难Difficulty n.Hindrance= obstacle= barrier= stumbling block43......的缺乏Lack of n.Absence of = dearth of= deficiency in= shortage of= shortfall of= scarcity of ...44.许多的Many adj...可数名词复数...;A great number of= a host of= a multitude of= an abundance of= a wealth of= a myriad of…不可数名词...a great number of=a large amount of45.越来越More and moreincreasingly= growingly46.增多Growv.Mount= escalate= increase= be on the rise47.令人担忧的WorrisomeAlarming= daunting48.影响Influence n.Impact= sway49.造成不良结果Lead to bad results v.Be counterproductive= render a disservice (帮倒忙)50.危险Danger n.Hazard(危害)=jeopardy(危害)，threat相关形容词形式：dangerous=hazardous=perilous= threatening相关动词：endanger=imperil=threaten=jeopardize51.到如此程度Reach such extent v.Reach such proportions52.非常Very adv.Immenselv= remarkablv= considerablv= dramaticallv= noticeably53.普遍的Common adj.Prevalent= popular=ubiquitous=universal54.重要的Important adj.Essential=crucial= critical= significant= vital= indispensable55.明显的Obvious adj.Perceptible= discernible= appreciable=marked= pronounced= noticeable56.紧急的Urgent adj.Pressing57.理解Understanding n. Appreciation(理解)=awareness= insight (into)58.巨大的Big adj.Enormous=vast= immense= massive= colossal59.小的，轻微的Small adj.Minute(微小的)= slight=minor=trivial60.促进Contribute to v.Be instrumental in/ be conducive to =facilitate/ promote61.阻碍Hold back v.Hamper= impede= hinder62.高Improve v.Enhance= boost= promote= heighten63.破坏Destroy v.Undermine= damage64.必要条件Necessary condition n.Prerequisite(for)= precondition (of)65.困难费力的Effort-taking adj.Arduous= strenuous= laborious66.复杂的ComplicatedComplex= involved= intricate67.充满活力的EnergeticVigorous= dynamic=vibrant68.培养cultivate v.Nurture= develop= foster= hone69.强调Emphasize v.Accentuate= lay stress on= lay emphasis on70.重视Pay attention to71.努力做Try one's best to do v.Endeavor to do= strive to do=strive for sth=spare no effort to do 72.充满Be full of v.Be replete with= be inundated with= be saturated with73.免于Be free from v.Be exempt form=be immune from74.开拓视Expand one's horizon v.Enlarge one's vision = Expand one's outlook75.处理Deal with v.Tackle= address= cope with76.某事必做Sth.must be done.Sth is obligatory/ mandatory/ compulsory/ imperative77.对...的解决方案Solution to ... Cure/ remedy/ therapy for ...78....的方式Way of ...n.Approach to ...= strategy for... avenue of...79.常见做法Usual way n. Common practice80.选择Choice n.Option= alternative81.严格的StrictStringent= rigorous= severe82.控制Control v.Check= curb83.有效地Effective adj.Efficacious= potent相关名词effectiveness=efficacy= potency84.使用Use v.Utilize= make use of= employ= put into service85.有用的Useful adj.Productive= constructive86.可获得的，可得到的Obtainable adj.Available87.目前的Present adj.Current=existing= topical88.有趣的InterestingIntriguing=stimulating= appealing89.质量差的Low-quality90.最佳的Best adj.Optimum91.错误的Wrong adj.Inaccurate= erroneous=fallaciou92.加强Strengthen v.Fortify=reinforce93.削弱Weaken v.Undermine= erode94.使恶化Worsen v.Exacerbate=aggravate95.恶化(环境、事物自己)Deteriorate v.96.传播Spread v.Publicize= disseminate= diffuse= propagate97.刚起步Begin v.Be in embryo= be in one's infancy98.迅速增长Grow rapidlyGrow exponentially= soar99.测量Measure v.Assess= gauge= determine。
写作词汇Tourist :Tourism, ecotourism, place of interest, sight, resort, commercialize (commodity), over-commercialize, materialistic, work exclusively for profit, money-worshipping, tertiary, broaden one’s horizon, enlarge one’s vision, interact, interaction,appeal, attract, conflict, confliction, friction, heritage, legacy, first hand experience, second hand experience, cultural invasion, local residents, Finance: boost, curtail, budget, financial income, tax revenue, invest in, dedicate money to sth.., allocate money to sth, expenditure, cost, profit, fund, employment, unemployment rate, employable skills, laid-off workers, financial turmoil, financial crisis, financial melt down, great depression,Globalization: cultural diversity, diversify, cultural integration (integrated culture), cross cultural, isolated, erode, interaction, destination, responsible, responsibility, civil, civilize, civilization, global village, inspire, tradition, traditional, absorb, diplomatic, discord, dispute, polarization, poverty, famine, pandemic, labor pool, recruit, recruitment, cost, operating cost, preserve, preservation, protect, ancestor, descendant, ethnic minorities, harmony, evolve, evolving, evolutionary, revolutionary, insular, provincial, stability, 2. 发展环境类Development: intensify, lessen, strengthen, loosen, magnify, superior, inferior, productive, counterproductive ,accelerate, decelerate, pace/tempo of life, obstruct, hinder, hamper, impede, exhaust, exhausted, frustrate, frustrated,frustration, fatigue, depressed, depression,1/8环球雅思-张效铭写作词汇insomnia, sleeplessness, rich, wealthy, well-off, better-off, affluent, poor, impoverished, destitute, indigent, needy, poverty alleviation disparity, break boundary(ies) between people, eliminate, create alienation between people, reduce the disparity between the rich and the poor, infrastructure, facilities, public transport system, water supply and drainage system, power grid, pine lines,Urban & Rural: skyscraper, landline, urbanization, relocate, sedentary lifestyle, function, high blood pressure, heart disease, excess nutrient, obesity, cholesterol, salt, traffic jams, traffic congestion, pedestrian, crosswalk, jaywalk, car accidents, surveillance camera, monitoring system, spiritual life, material life, entertainment, diversion, amusement, leisure, recreation, Population: baby boom, baby boomer, population boom, population explosion, graying (aging) population, birth control, one child policy, generation, infant, kids, child, children, young adult, youth, youngsters, adolescents, elder, elderly,Architecture: apartment, house, complex, concrete jungle, folk house, vernacular dwellings, skyscraper, landmark, skyline, statue, memorable, building of historic importance, building of special aesthetic value, decrepit, creaky, wobbly, run-down, knock down, raze a building, tear down,Environment: ecosystem, wildlife, biota, biodiversity, ecological, balance, conserve, consume, deplete, use up, exhaust, damage, deteriorate, aggravate exploit, over-exploit, utilize, reuse,2/8环球雅思-张效铭写作词汇recycle, natural balance, natural resources, renewable resource, disposable, non-renewable resource, solar/tide/wind energy, petro, metal, minerals, fossil fuels, natural gas, coal, shortage, scarcity, scarce, sparse, ecological balance, sustainable, environmentalist,deforestation, forest logging, ozone layer, global warming, acid rain, pollute, contaminate, respiratory disease, toxic, poisonous, trash, vicious circle, discharge, sewage, gas waste, inorganic agriculture, farmland, arable land, crop yield, fertile soil, infertile soil1. 政府，媒体Government: common people, citizen, ordinary people, transparent, democratic, autocratic, democracy, progressive, authority(ies), stringent, legislate, legislation, regulate, regulation, administer, administration, prohibit, ban (banned), mob, thug, scrutiny, scrutinize, policy making, myopic/near-sighted policy, implement, execute, put…into practice, prioritize, priority, give priority to sth, aggressive, aggression, expansion, national security, self-defense, arms, armaments, arm race, space race, spy, espionage, Crime: crime rate, violate/break the law, comply with the law, law-abiding citizens, perpetrator, offender, criminal, drug smuggler, drug addict, inmate, convicts, crime offense, commit a crime, heinous crime, felony, solve, resolve, combat, petty crime, first time criminals, repeat criminals, tackle,victim, victimized, justice, be brought to justice, law enforcement brutal and cold deter potential agencies, punishment, rampant, condemn, condone, lenient, mercy, cruel, blooded, track down, hunt down, cell, imprison sb, spiritual consolation, crime,Media: popular, prevalent, subjective, objective, biased, celebrity, entertain, entertaining ,3/8环球雅思-张效铭写作词汇local/national/international/ news, entert ainment, paparazzi, privacy, intrude one’s privacy, fraudulent, misleading, distorted, distortion, false, media hype, exaggerate things, exaggeration, trust worthy, dependable, reliable, reliability, code of ethics, up-to-date, latestnews, coverage, celebrity, the press, news agencies, the print media, the new media, informative, be flooded with, be awash with, be saturated with, scandal, stain/tarnish one’sreputation/fame/name, cover up, gloss over, censorship, censor, exclude, eliminate, excise,2. 教育，科技类Education: compulsory education, schooling, home-schooling, upbringing, independent, independent thinking, obligation, a sense of obligation, obligatory, sedulous, diligent,hard-working, endeavor, talent, talented, creativity, creative, learn things by rote, learn things through understanding, force-feed, stifle/constrain creativity, create, create undue pressure, peer pressure, inspire, inspiration, mental, physical, psychological, moral, instill high moralvalues, methodology, syllabus, curriculum, extra-curricular activities, discipline, indiscipline, misbehavior, disruptive students, unruly students, motivate, motivation, cultivate, cultivation, foster, adaptability, adapt to, get accustomed to, memorize, apply, equation, formula, theorem, learn things by rote, enthusiasm, enthusiastic, follow sth. blindly, critical thinking, encourage, feedback, evaluate, evaluation, cooperation, cooperative, team spirit, experience, social experience, situation, circumstance, optimistic, pessimistic, wit, witty, adversity, contribute to, contribution, universal language, lingua franca, wisdom,University Subjects: social science, science, engineering, arts, political science, basic science,4/8环球雅思-张效铭写作词汇applied science, computer science, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, financial engineering, automation, history, theoretical knowledge, humanities, chemistry, math, physics, economics, psychology, sociology, generalist, specialist, specialization, specialize, major, minor,primary/secondary/tertiary/-level education,Technology: sweeping trend,advance, advanced, cutting edge, leap, invention, innovation, enhance, transform, information explosion, overwhelming, overwhelmingly, epoch, era, age, proliferation, efficiency, efficient, machinery, labor intense, labor saving, energy depending, energy saving, biochemistry, biotechnology, nanotechnology, gene, generic information, generic modification, generic modified, telecommunication, satellite, clone, stem cell,3. 家庭动物类Family: discrimination, sex discrimination, age discrimination, race discrimination, racist, ageist, sexist, sexism, equal, gender equality, enlighten, an enlightened society, offspring, generation gap, family value, family bonds, personality, personality clashes, household, be tied down by sth., child bearing, child rearing/caring, pregnant, pregnancy, maternal instinct, housework, single parent household, abuse, abusive, abusive behavior, mistreat, domestic, violence, Animals: humane, inhumane, pets, accompany, companions, habitat, species, poach, Shatoosh, Tibetan antelope, endangered species, on the brim of extinction, extinct, preach, advocate, vivisection, clinical trial, anaesthetic, pain, painful, ease/relieve/alleviate one’s pain, replace, replacement, substitute, substitution,5/8环球雅思-张效铭写作词汇常用副词，形容词短语各种的，不同的：variety of/a great diversity of/dissimilar/all sorts of /multifarious/an assortment a of/separate/multitude of/mixed 大量的，许多的：a tremendous amount of/a great deal of/an abundance of 充足的，足够的：sufficient/adequate/ample/enough/ teeming 上升的: climbing/ascending/accelerating/increasing 持续的: durative/persistent/sustaining/unremitting/consecutive/continuous/successive/sequential 永久的，持久的：permanent/perpetual/lasting/perdurable/abiding/everdurimg/sempiternal 无穷尽的，数不清的：numerous/countless/untold/exhaustless/inexhaustible 极大的，巨大的:/tremendous/infinite/considerable/great 非常的，极度的：exceeding/extreme/extraordinary/great/intense 紧急的：imperative/urgent/crucial/vital 重要的，重大的：dominant/meaningful/paramount/principal/be of critical/utmost importance in/significant 卓越的，显著的：prominent/eminent/distinct/marked/remarkable/conspicuous/brilliant 毫无意义的：meaningless/skimble-skamble/insignificant/nonsensical/purportless 优秀的，极好的：excellent/exclusive/optimum/optimal/admirable 典型的，有特色的：typical/representative/characteristic/distinctive 有远见的，明智的：farseeing/sagacious/advisable6/8环球雅思-张效铭写作词汇不明智的：presumptuous/unadvisable/ignorant 合适的，适当的：appropriate/opportune/relevant/ bring...in harmony 不合适的，不适宜的：inapposite/incongruous/inappropriate 不可改变的：immutable/unchangeable 不可避免的：inevitable/unavoidable/ineluctable 不能忽视的：undeniable/ignore 不可挽回的：irreparable/ irreversibly 辛苦的，费劲的：arduous/laborious/hard/difficult/formidable/ insurmountable 谨慎的，认真的：scrupulous/prudential/meticulous 痛苦的，悲惨的：miserable/painful 空的，空虚的：empty/vacuous/blank/inane/vain 通常，一般地：ordinarily/usually/commonly/customarily/generally 暂时地,短暂地：for the time being/for a while/temporarily/transitorily 连续地：constantly/continuously/in succession 非常地，极：extremely/extraordinarily 尤其，特别：especially/ particularly 必定，当然:be bound to/certainly/deservedly/definitely/undoubtedly/indeed/inevitably 最终地：in the long run/ultimately/ as a consequence/eventually 仅仅，只有：exclusively/can only/merely/just 无用地，无价值的：of no use/ invalidly 不遗余力地:spare no pains to 无与伦比地:more than unparalleled7/8环球雅思-张效铭写作词汇不情愿的:be reluctant to 在很大程度上in a great degree/scale 至关重要的因素be the exclusively causal factor of 至关重要:play a pivotal /critical/ key /important/significant/irreplaceable/ crucial/ role 可取之处, 长处:saving grace 为了...起见，看在...的份上for the sake 批评与赞扬: disparage, downgrade, belittle, deprecate, denigrate, trivialize, discredit, critics, Criticism, praise, endorse, endorsement, in favor of, applaud, acclaim, appreciate, take smthing for granted, grateful, unthankful, 好，出色的: great, magnificent, fantastic, mind-blowing, fabulous, terrific, spectacular, splendid, brilliant, outstanding, 情况严重的：severe, grave, grievous, extreme, serious,经典小词Tend to, in terms of, trigger, manage, benefit, regard , involve, rather, challenge, instead (of), share, alternative(ly), else, trade。
雅思写作高频词汇分类汇总1.advanced science 尖端科学2.scientific invention 科学发明3.exert a far-reaching impact on…对…产生一种深远的影响4.double-edged sword 双刃剑5.earth-shaking changes 翻天覆地的改变6.pay the way for the future development 为未来的发展铺平道路y a solid foundation for…为…打下良好的基础8.energy crisis 能源危机9.depletion of resources 能源消耗estone 里程碑11.sophisticated equipment 尖端设备12.technical innovation 科技创新13.expediency 权宜之计14.antithetical 与…背道而驰的15.over-commercialized 过渡商业化的16.a heated discussion 热烈的讨论17.exhaust gas 废气18.disastrous 灾难性的19.overshadow 使…相形见绌pared to/with…与…相比her in 引领22.speedy and comfortable 既快捷又舒适23.opposite forces 负面影响24.a fatal breakdown 致命故障25.potential hazards 潜在危险26.pose a threat to…对…有一种威胁27.promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展28.accelerate 加速…29.means of transportation 交通方式30.transportation tools 交通工具31.social status 社会地位32.environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源33.make people’s life easier 使人们生活更方便34.alternative fuel 可替代燃料35.sustainable development 可持续性发展36.scientific exploration 科学探索37.air travel 航空旅行38.ridiculous 可笑的39.absurd 荒唐的40.substitute 取代41.overcome difficulties 克服困难42.make progress 取得进步43.a sense of national pride 民族自豪感44.unprecedented 前所未有的45.soaring 不断上升的46.give a great push to the economic growth 极大地推动了经济发展47.see dramatic breakthroughs 取得突破性进展48.aggravate 使恶化49.optimize 优化50.cure-all solution 万能良药1.cultural diversity 文化多元化2.cultural treasures 文化宝藏3.cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流4.cultural reconstruction 文化重建5.spiritual civilization 精神文明6.heritage 遗产7.achievements of art 艺术成就8.tear down 拆除9.humane historical sites 人文历史遗址10.preserve the cultural relics 保护文化遗产11.blueprint 蓝图12.skyscraper 摩天大楼13.high-rise office buildings 高层写字楼14.city construction 城市建设15.well-structured 结构良好的16.crystallization 结晶17.visual enjoyment 视觉享受18.driving force 驱动力19.reconstruct 重建20.destruct 破坏21.architectural industry 建筑工业22.map out 制定出23.city designing 城市设计24.beautify our life 美化我们的生活25.human civilization 人类文明26.cradle of culture 文化摇篮27.mainstream culture 主流文化28.cultural traditions 文化传统29.national pride 民族自豪30.local customs and practices 风土人情31.attract people’s eyes 吸引人们的眼球32.artistic taste 艺术品味33.cornerstone 基石34.be closely interrelated with…与…有密切关系35.adhere to the tradition 坚持传统36.architectural vandalism 破坏建筑行为37.carry forward …弘扬…38.cultural needs 文化需求39.reputation 声望40.maintain the world peace 维护世界和平41.artistic reflection 艺术反映42.give publicity to…宣传…43.burden 负担44.cause irreversible damage 造成不可逆转的损失45.national identity and value 民族特性和价值观46.remove prejudice and misunderstanding 消除偏见和误解47.symbol 象征48.artistic standards 艺术水准49.enjoy great popularity 广受欢迎50.cultural devolution 文化退化1.adapt oneself to the development of使自己适应…的发展2.scope of knowledge知识面3.narrow the gap between缩小了…的鸿沟4.lighten the burden of减轻了…的负担prehensive knowledge广博的知识6.distance education远程教育7.enrich the teaching method丰富教育手段8. be attractive to somebody对…具有吸引力9. eye-catching极好的、极快的10. eye-dazzling极好的、极快的11. fascinating极好的12. appealing极好的13.multimedia teaching多媒体教学14.solid professional working experience扎实的职业工作经验15. vocational education职业教育16. down-to-earth切合实际的17. stress-related illness与压力有关的疾病18. enjoy equal rights享有平等权利19. receive education接受教育20.thought-provoking引人深思的21. enlightening予以人启迪的22. far-reaching深远的23. never-ending永不停息的24. perplexing令人困惑的25. overwhelming压倒一切的26. the cultural diversity文化的多元性27. insightful富有洞察力的,有深刻见解的28.exchange experience交流经验29. undertake the due obligations承担责任30. offer a chance of education提供一种教育机会31.give a big push to the development of education给予教育极大的推动32.vocational guidance职业指导33. vocational training职业训练34.face possible pressure and competition迎接可能的压力和竞争35.Be easily taken in by容易受到某人或某事的欺骗36.exam-oriented education应试教育37.knowledge-intensive知识密集型的cation for all-round development全面发展教育39.have quick and easy access to something更快地接触到…东西40.Develop Our Creative Mind培养我们创造性思维41. Fake Diplomas假文凭42. Embracing the Knowledge Economy Age拥抱知识经济时代43. Renew Knowledge革新知识44. People-oriented以人为本的45. compulsory education义务教育46. keep skills fresh and up-to-date使得技能可以与时俱进47. widen one’s knowledge拓展知识面48. enrich one’s social and life experience丰富了社会和生活阅历49. enlarge one’s view拓展知识面50. broaden one’s horizons拓展知识面51. realize the value of life实现生命价值52. grasp good communication skills掌握良好的交流技能53. remove misunderstanding and discrimination消除误解和歧视54. improve cultural integration and globalization促进了文化的融合和文化全球化55. cultivate a strong sense of responsibility培养了强烈的责任感56.promote social skills and competence提高了社会能力和竞争力57.make contribution to society对社会做出贡献58.quality Education素质教育59.cross-cultural communication跨文化交流60.rote learning死记硬背61. concentrate one’s attention on关注…62.student-oriented education以学生为主体的教育63.bias of culture文化偏见64. cradle of culture文化摇篮65. mainstream culture主流文化66.system of education教育体制67.tap one’s potential挖掘某人的潜能68. go astray误入歧途69. commit crimes犯罪70. Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.教育不是注满木桶水，而是点燃生命的火71.denotation字面意思72. connotation暗含意思73. impractical不切实际的74.intellectual development智力发展75.interaction交流76. thinking capacity思考能力77. universal language世界语78. linguistic studies语言学研究79. a means of communication一种交流工具80. mechanical translation机械翻译81. untranslatable不宜翻译的82. develop linguistic skills培养语言技能83. verbal communication口头交流84. grammatical rules语法规则85. context语境86. core核心87. translation笔译88. interpretation口译89. a complex progress一个复杂过程90. cream精华91. cultivate logical thinking培养逻辑思维92. obscure晦涩的93. readability朗朗上口94. an unrealistic dream一个不切实际的梦想95. comprehensive knowledge全面的知识96. communicate with others directly, and freely与他人直接自由交流97. face-to-face communication面对面交流98. stimulate one’s interest激发了…的兴趣99. artificial intelligence人工智能100. help children learn a foreign language in a more vivid and interactive way帮助孩子更生动，互动地学习一门外语101. miraculous令人惊叹的102. increase efficiency提高效率103. easy accessibility易于操作104. make astounding advances突飞猛进105. enrich the teaching and learning methods丰富了教学手段106. expertise专业知识107. flourishing繁荣兴旺的108. speedy communication快速的交流109. read between the lines读懂暗含的意思110. language acquisition语言习得111. term术语112. implication含义113. be fully aware of…充分意识到…114. optimistic乐观的115. pessimistic悲观的116. drawback弊端117. precious gift宝贵的礼物118. linguist语言学家119. mission impossible不可能的任务1.paparazzi 狗仔队2.mass media 大众媒体3.entertainment 娱乐4.journalism 新闻业5.journal 期刊6.the latest news 最新消息7.exclusive news 独家新闻8.news agency 新闻社9.news blockout 新闻封锁10.news censorship 新闻审查11.freedom of the press 新闻自由12.coverage 新闻报道13.do reportage on …报导…14.hit the headlines 上头条15.issue 出版、发行16.newsstand 报摊17.free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人18.chief editor 总编19.editorial 社论20.newsworthy 值得报道的21.barometer 晴雨表22.the barometer of public opinion 舆论的晴雨表23.live broadcast 直播24.quiz show 智力竞争节目25.game show 游戏节目26.variety show 综合节目27.talk show 脱口秀28.sitcom 情景喜剧29.soap opera 肥皂剧30.movie star 电影明星31.movie king 影帝32.movie queen 影后33.affair 绯闻34.celebrity 名人35.fame 名声36.rise to fame 声名鹊起37.fan 粉丝38.invade one’s privacy 侵扰了…的隐私39.misleading 误导性的40.cheating 欺骗性的41.popularity 知名度42.scandal 丑闻43.sensational 轰动的44.prevalent 普遍的、流行的45.imperative 重要的、必要的46.audience ratings 收视率47.propaganda 宣传48.be abducted by 受…诱导49.purify one’s soul 净化心灵50.live in virtual would 生活在一个虚拟世界中51.be a great comfort to somebody 对…来说是一个巨大安慰52.meet different tastes 满足不同口味53.provide somebody with something 给…提供…54.follow the fashion blindly 盲目追逐时尚mit crimes 犯罪56.be inconceivable to somebody 对…来说是难以想象的57.impressive 给人印象深刻的58.right to know 知情权59.in the disguise of …打着…的幌子60.endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳定和安全rmation era 信息时代2.keep one informed about something 使人们了解…3.audience/viewers 观众4.have unhealthy and harmful effects on…对…有不良影响rmation-explosion society 信息爆炸的社会6.influential 有影响的7.revolutionize the way we acquire information 彻底改变了我们获取信息的方式8.blessing 福9.curse 祸10.various thrilling programs 各种各样激动人心的节目11.poor-quality programs 低质量节目12.ever-accelerated 不断发展的13.exaggerate 夸张14.enjoyable 令人享受的15.fashionable 时尚的16.electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射17.psychological illnesses 心理疾病18.isolated 孤僻的19.unimaginative 缺乏想象力的20.unsociable 不好社交的21.deprive somebody of one’s imagination and creativity 使…丧失了想象力和创造力22.jeopardize one’s health 危害健康23.be exposed to…了解到…接触到…24.find its way into every family 进入千家万户25.global village 地球村26.be indulged in…沉溺于…27.be addicted to …对…上瘾28.be fascinated by …被…所吸引29.be dependent on …依赖…30.second-hand information 二手信息31.go astray 误入歧途32.embark on the criminal road 走上犯罪道路33.irresistible 无法抵制的34.hallmark 标志35.create topics of discussion 制造交谈话题36.critical thinking 批判性思维37.powerful means of communication 有力的交流工具38.main cause 主因39.tempting 有诱惑力的40.reliable 可靠的41.family attachment 家庭归属感42.mutual understanding 相互了解43.alienation of affection 感情疏远44.be sick of …对…厌倦45.generation gap 代沟46.exchanges of feelings 感情交流47.emotional bond 感情纽带48.strengthen family ties 加强家庭纽带关系49.be detached from reality 与现实隔绝50.distinguish right from wrong 明辨是非51.edifying 有教育意义的52.couch potato 电视迷53.be harmful to …对…有害54.imitate 模仿55.inexpressible 难以形容的56.physical and mental health 身心健康57.stimulate one’s imagination and creativity 激发某人想象力和创造力58.unwholesome lifestyle. 不健康的生活方式59.a great deal of information 大量的信息60.disinteresting 令人索然无味的1.cultural insights 文化视角2.learn about the would 了解世界3.a thrilling experience 一种令人激动的经历4.abstract 抽象的5.concrete 具体的6.move somebody to tears 使…感动落泪7.get relaxed and entertained 得到放松和娱乐8.venue 场所9.has its value 有其自己价值10.inspiration 灵感11.scope of knowledge 知识面12.spread knowledge 传播知识sting artistic works 永恒的艺术作品14.abstruse 深奥的15.break with old customs 抛弃传统16.carry down from generation to generation 代代相传17.advocate the new lifestyle. 倡导新的生活方式18.entertainment 娱乐19.be different from …与…不同20.direct experience 直接经验21.echo 共识22.satiate people’s psychological demands 满足心理需求23.attach more importance to …更重视…24.spiritual enhancement 精神升华25.a mirror of …是…的一面镜子26.determinant 决定性因素27.eclipse 使…相形见绌28.contribute to …有助于…29.a sense of cool and satisfaction 一种惬意的感觉30.pastimes 消遣方式31.nurture imagination 培养想象力32.meditation 沉思33.an essence of immortality 永恒的精髓34.instructive 有启发性的35.edification 熏陶36.arouse one’s curiosity about something 引发某人对某事的好奇心37.enrich one’s knowledge 丰富某人知识38.value of knowledge 知识的价值39.cultural differences 文化差异性40.time is fleeting and art is long 时光飞逝，艺术永恒1.vivisection 活体解剖2. perform. experiments on animals 在动物身上做试验3.test animals 用于实验的动物4.be subjected to experiments 被迫接受试验5.animal rights 动物权利6.clinical research 临床研究7.cruel 残忍的8.extremist 极端主义者9.medical research 医学研究10.origin of species 物种起源11.alternative method 替代的方法12.biological diversity 生物多样性13.natural balance 自然平衡14.equilibrium of ecosystem 生态平衡15.coexistence 共存16.endangered animals 濒危动物17.diversity of species 物种多样性18.shameless 令人羞愧的19.barbaric 野蛮的20.live and let live 活着就是与万物共存21.meaningless 没有意义的22.dominant species 优势物种boratory 实验室24.vaccine 疫苗25.infringement 践踏26.right to live 生存权27.torture 折磨28.anti-science 反科学的29.life-threatening diseases 危及生命的疾病30.scientific gains 科学成果31.an ever-lasting theme 一个永恒的主题32.evolution 进化puter simulation 电脑模拟34.groundless 没有理由的35.humane 人道的36.medical technology 医疗技术37.anatomy 解剖38.equal 公平的39.unreliable 不可信赖的40.valid 有效的、正当的the main industry 主要行业fishing and farming 农业和渔业the wastewater from some factories 工厂废水turn the water into a dark green color 把水染成墨绿色wash clothes in the rivers 在水里洗衣服keep away from it 远离water energy 水资源gas energy 煤气rely on for heating 供热electric energy 电能solar energy 太阳能people can not do without them 没有不行is unequally distributed over China 不均匀地分布在中国with a great density in eastern region but rarity in the west 东部人口稠密、西部人口稀少in coastal cities 沿海城市the economy of eastern area 东部地区的经济seriously think about it 认真地思考is lack of some high technology 缺少高科技modern machines 现代化的机器radually change our labor-intensive industry to technique-concentrated industry将劳动密集型产业转化成技术密集型产业protect environment 保护环境a basic state policy 基本国策enact laws and regulations 制定法律、法规environmental protection 环境保护environmental standards 环境标准see an unprecedented upsurge 出现了从来未有过的高潮give their support to the government’s work 支持政府工作talk about environmental protection issues 讨论环保问题participate in environmental protection activities 参与环保活动use cloth bags 使用布袋plastic bags 塑料袋take care not to litter 不要随地乱扔垃圾fight against sandstorms 与沙尘暴作战volunteer to plant trees and grass 自愿种草植树adopt various measures 采取各种各样的措施curb environmental pollution 抑制环境污染environmental protection funds keep rising 环保基金持续增长the UN standard of 0.8 percent for developing countries 联合国规定的发展中国家0.8%的标准global warming 全球变暖have different effects 有不同的影响blame global warming for extreme weather events指责全球变暖给天气带来不好的影响severe droughts 严重的干旱floods and storms 洪水和暴风climate changes 气候变化affect people everywhere 影响着所有地方的人们cause many disastrous crop losses 为庄稼带来灾难性的损失sea level rise 海平面上升wildlife habitats 野生动物栖息地provide food, shelter and the right conditions for plants and animals为动植物提供实物、居所和适合生长的环境change with climate 随气候变化Adjust themselves to the changes physically and mentally人们需在身体和精神方面调整自己save energy 节能set the cylinder thermostat at 60oC for bathing and washing洗澡、洗衣服时把调温器调到60 put the plug in your basin or sink 把插头放进盆里和水槽里leave hot water taps running 让热水龙头一直流wash money down the plughole 从水龙头里冲钱adjust your curtains or blinds to let in as much light as possible调好窗帘，让尽可能多的阳光照进屋子cordless phones 无绳电话check the operation manual 看一下操作指南leave the door open 开着冰箱门cold air will escape 冷空气溜走了avoid put hot or warm food straight into the fridge不要把热食物直接放进冰箱allow the food to cool down 把食物凉下来defrost your fridge regularly 冰箱定期除霜keep the fridge efficiently and cheaply 让冰箱高效率地工作frost up quickly 迅速解霜check the door seal 检查一下密封条site your fridge next to a cooker or boiler 把冰箱放在锅边上leave a gap between the fridge and the cooker 在冰箱和锅之间刘一条缝tumble dryer 转筒式干燥机wash a full load 满量洗衣use a economy program 使用经济挡modern washing powders 现代洗衣粉don’t put really wet clothes into a tumble dryer 不要把湿衣服直接放进烘干机wring them 拧一下spin-dry them 甩干save your money 省钱heat the amount of water you really need 用多少水烧多少水use an electric kettle 用电壶Acute diseaseBiosphere生物圈Chemical substanceChronic disease 慢性病Commercial interest 商业利益Conducive to good health 有益健康的Deforestation 采伐森林Demolish 毁坏破坏Densely-populated 人口密集的Domestic sewage家庭污水Ecology生态学Endangered 濒临灭绝的Energy shortage能源缺乏Fatal disease 致命的疾病Greenhouse effect温室效应Indispensable 不可或缺的Interdependent 相互依赖的Land clearing开荒Overgraze 过度放牧Posterity 后代子孙Reforestation 从新造林Remedial measure 补救措施Short-sighted 目光短浅Take revenge on human 报复Toxic 有毒的White pollution 白色污染1.urbanization 城市化2.centralization 集中化3.imbalance 不平衡4.in the long run 从长远角度而言5.infrastructure 基础设施6.booming 繁荣发展的7.tertiary industry 第三产业8.tranquility 宁静9.revenue 税收mercialization 商业化11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤12.water scarcity 水短缺13.the environmental pollution 环境污染14.over-industrialization 过度工业化15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16.unemployment 失业17.wealth distribution 财富分配18.social instability 社会动荡19.urban construction 城市建设20.population explosion 人口激增21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22.drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活25.stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病26.high cost of living 高额生活费用27.pastoral life 田园生活28.class polarization 阶级两极分化29.social welfare 社会福利30.give special care to …给予…特殊关照31.urban sprawl 城市扩张32.convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具33.better medical services 更好的医疗服务34.pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力35.be vulnerable to …易于患上…36.melting pot 熔炉37.on the brink of …处于…边缘38.pollutant 污染性物质39.waste disposal 废物处理40.put the blame on …归咎于…41.be attributable to …归因为…42.ways of consumption 消费方式43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失44.citizen 居民45.be confronted with…面临着…46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪47.vicious cycle 恶性循环48.a feasible measure 一种可行的措施49.give priority to …优先考虑…50.city planners 城市规划者。
雅思必备词汇2021
雅思考试涉及的词汇范围广泛，因此准备雅思考试需要掌握大量词汇。
以下是一些2021年雅思考试中可能会涉及的常见词汇：
1. Academic（学术的）。
2. Achieve（取得成就）。
3. Analysis（分析）。
4. Benefit（利益）。
5. Challenge（挑战）。
6. Develop（发展）。
7. Environment（环境）。
8. Global（全球的）。
9. Impact（影响）。
10. Knowledge（知识）。
11. Opportunity（机会）。
12. Research（研究）。
13. Society（社会）。
14. Technology（技术）。
15. Understand（理解）。
当然，这只是一小部分可能涉及的词汇，如果您正在备考雅思考试，建议您通过雅思官方指定的教材和词汇书籍来系统地学习和掌握相关词汇。
同时，多阅读英文文章和书籍也是扩展词汇量的有效途径。
希望这些词汇能对您备考雅思考试有所帮助。
【下载本文档，可以自由复制内容或自由编辑修改内容，更多精彩文章，期待你的好评和关注，我将一如既往为您服务】雅思写作更换高级词汇下面是一些雅思写作的高级词汇，不要再用简单的词汇啦！1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide,supply, afford4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19 保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20急剧的：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23发生：Happen, occur, take place24原因：Reason, factor, cause25发展：Development, advance, progress26有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27影响：Influence, impact, effect28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle。
Selected Advanced Vocabulary for IELTS Writing一、教诲类1.adapt oneself to the development of使自己适应…发展2.scope of knowledge知识面3.narrow the gap between缩小了…鸿沟4.lighten the burden of减轻了…承担prehensive knowledge广博知识6.long-distance education远程教诲7.enrich the teaching method丰富教诲手段8. teaching methodology教学办法9. schooling学校教诲10. upbringing、parenting、upbringing家庭教诲11. instill high moral values(注意：value用作复数表达价值观)灌输崇高道德观12.impart\inculcate knowledge传授知识13.multi-media teaching多媒体教学14.solid professional working experience夯实职业工作经验15.vocational education职业教诲16.down-to-earth，practical切合实际17.stress-related illness与压力关于疾病18.enjoy equal rights享有平等权利19.receive education接受教诲20.thought-provoking引人深思21.enlightening予以人启迪22.far-reaching深远23.never-ending永不断息24.perplexing令人困惑25.overwhelming压倒一切26.the cultural diversity文化多元性27.insightful富有洞察力，有深刻看法28.exchange experience交流经验29.undertake the due obligations承担责任30.offer a chance of education提供一种教诲机会31.give a big push to the development of education予以教诲极大推动32.vocational guidance职业指引33.vocational training职业训练34.face possible pressure and competition迎接也许压力和竞争35.Be easily taken in by容易受到某人或某事欺骗36.exam-oriented education应试教诲37.knowledge-intensive知识密集型；labor-intensive劳动密集型cation for all-round development全面发展教诲39.have quick and easy access to something更快地接触到…东西40.develop our creative mind培养咱们创造性思维41.fake diploma假文凭42.embracing the knowledge economy age拥抱知识经济时代43.renew knowledge革新知识44.people-oriented以人为本；profit-oriented以赚钱为目45.system of education教诲体制(compulsory education义务教诲,quality education素质教诲,student-oriented education以学生为主体教诲)46.keep skills fresh and up-to-date使得技能可以与时俱进47.widen one’s knowledge拓展知识面48.enrich one’s social and life experience丰富了社会和生活阅历49.realize the value of life实现生命价值50.grasp good communication skills掌握良好交流技能51.remove misunderstanding and discrimination消除误解和歧视52.improve cultural integration and globalization增进了文化融合和文化全球化53.cultivate a strong sense of responsibility培养了强烈责任感54.promote social skills and competence提高了社会能力和竞争力55.make contribution to society对社会做出贡献56.cultivate logical thinking培养逻辑思维（46-56可用做教诲好处、作用、影响）57.cross-cultural communication跨文化交流58.bias of culture文化偏见59.mainstream culture主流文化60.rote learning、learn things by rote死记硬背61.concentrate one’s attenti on on关注…62.cultivate，foster，nurture培养63.promote the student’s physical，mental \intellectual and emotional development增进学生身心发展64.psychological soundness\well-being心理健康65.aptitude，talent学习能力（先天）66.ability，skill学习能力（后天）67.tap one’s potential挖掘某人潜能68.go astray误入歧途;indiscipline、misbehavior、mischief不遵守纪律;disruptive students、unruly students违背纪律学生;commit crimes犯罪69.applied sciences应用学科；basic sciences基本科学;humanities人文学科;social sciences 社会学科;liberal studies、arts文科;sciences理科;engineering工科70.theoretical knowledge理论知识;practical knowledge实践知识71.university education、college education、higher education further education、tertiary education大学教诲;vocational education\training、on-the-job training职业教诲;primary-level education小学教诲;secondary-level education中学教诲72.youths、youngsters、adolescents青少年73.develop linguistic skills培养语言技能74.verbal communication口头交流75.grammatical rules语法规则76.context语境77.core核心78.translation笔译79.interpretation口译80.a complex progress一种复杂过程81.cream精华82.obscure晦涩83.readability朗朗上口84.an unrealistic dream一种不切实际梦想prehensive knowledge全面知识municate with others directly，and freely与她人直接自由交流87.face-to-face communication面对面交流88.stimulate one’s interest激发了…兴趣89.artificial intelligence人工智能90.increase efficiency提高效率91.easy accessibility易于操作92.make astounding advances突飞猛进93.enrich the teaching and learning methods丰富了教学手段94.expertise专业知识95.flourishing繁华兴旺96.speedy communication迅速交流97.read between the lines读懂暗含意思nguage acquisition语言习得99.term术语100.implication含义101.be fully aware of…充分意识到…102.optimistic乐观103.pessimistic悲观104.drawback弊端105.precious gift宝贵礼物106.linguist语言学家107.mission impossible不也许任务二、工作生活与意识形态1.the tempo\pace of life has increased生活节奏加速2.social settings社会环境3.religious belief宗教信奉cational level教诲限度5.life stages人生阶段6.sedentary lifestyle缺少运动生活方式7.live a high-pressured and fast-paced lifestyle高压力和快节奏生活方式8.poor time and money management金钱和时间管理不当9.juggle work and family commitment不能同步兼顾家庭和工作10.unrealistic expectation不切实际期待11.nurture a good state of mind养成良好心态12.block out worries争取减少忧虑13.balance work and family平衡工作和生活14.turn to others for help谋求协助15.resolve conflicts with other people解决好和她人矛盾16.release yourself from daily stresses with group sports，social events and hobbies通过体育、社交活动或者业余兴趣来挣脱压力17.a means of self-expression自我表达一种方式18.follow blindly盲目追求19.dwell too much on what others think失去了自己喜好和判断20.reflect one’s personality and likes体现个人性格和喜好21.allow people to try on many roles in life让人们在生活中体验不同角色22.diversity and variety of the world in which we live 使世界更加丰富多彩23.root in daily life源于生活24.over nourishment营养过剩25.create alienation between people导致人与人之间疏远26.money-worshiping、mercenary、materialistic过于功利27.pursue maximum profit追求最大限度利润28.poverty alleviation扶贫29.job opportunity、employment opportunity就业机会30.promotion opportunity提高机会31.switching jobs、job-hopping换工作\跳槽32.acquire a wide array of skills发展各种技能33.take on new challenges and seize opportunities接受挑战、把握机会34.job security工作稳定35.basic pay基本收入ck of self-motivation缺少动力37.directionless\aimless没有目的38.egoism利己主义39.altruism利她主义40.individualism个人主义munalism、collectivism集体主义42.do what is in one’s own self-interest每个人都又权力做符合自己利益事情43.hinder one’s pursuit of self-development ,excellence and creativity阻碍谋求自我发展、突出自己和创造性动力44.focus on contemporary life关注当代生活45.soothe the soul平缓情绪46.utilised as a form of propaganda用做一种宣传手段47.promote popular morale提高士气48.enrich cultural life丰富文化生活49.enhance the quality of life提高生活质量50.attract criticism ,arouse hostility and cause conflict引起批评、激化敌意并导致冲突51.conform the existing rules 墨守成规52.satisfied with material comforts满足于物质53.spiritual needs精神享有54.achieve a balance between work and pleasure劳逸结合55.good rapport with coworkers，peers and superiors好同事、同伴、上司56.time-conscious people时间观念很强人57.impoverished、poverty-stricken、destitute、indigent 贫穷58.affluent、wealthy、well-off富裕59.urban都市 rural乡村60.urbanization都市化61.the disparity between the city and the countryside城乡差距62.relocate搬迁63.telecommute在家上班64.leisure、recreation、amusement、entertainment 休闲、娱乐issez-faire management 宽松管理66.operating costs、overhead costs 运营成本bor pool劳动力资源68.depression 抑郁症69.sleeplessness、sleep-deprivation、insomnia失眠症70.population explosion、population boom人口爆炸71.family planning、birth control控制人口72.gender equality两性平等73.gender discrimination、sexism 性别歧视74.a progressive\enlightening society一种开明社会75.be tied down by household chores被家务事连累76.child bearing生育孩子77.child rearing 抚养孩子78.elderly people、senior citizens老年人79.family bonds\ties家庭成员间情感纽带80.a sense of belonging 归属感81.single-parent family单亲家庭82.mistreat、abuse虐待83.domestic\family violence 家庭暴力三、环境与动物保护1.ecosystem\ecological system 生态系统2.cological balance\equilibrium生态平衡3.sustainable development可持续发展4.biodiversity生物多样性5.environmentalists\conservationists环保主义者animal right activists动物权益保护主义者6.environmentally-friendly（adj.）对环境无害7.conservation节约8.recycle\reuse (v.) 再运用9.advocate the management of resources倡导资源管理10.benefit from从中受益11.enhance\elevate\raise the public awareness of … 增强公众……意识12.put forward valuable suggestions提出宝贵建议13.play a major role in easing … 在缓和……上扮演了重要角色14.shortage\scarcity\dearth\lack（n.）短缺15.participate in the reconstruction of the city参加都市重建16.raise the environmental management level提高环境管理水平17.create a pleasant ecological environment创造出一种和谐生态环境18.give priority to优先关注19.catch much attention引起很大关注20.deforestation (n.)砍伐森林forestation project造林工程afforested areas；greening space绿化面积forest coverage森林覆盖率wind breaks防风林sand breaks防沙林21.greenhouse effect、global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage 排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage、wastes that can not decompose or break down、inorganic trash 白色污染产生垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠土壤25.fertile soil肥沃土壤26.arable land 、farmland 耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.) 污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.) 有毒29.renewable resources可再生资源30.non-renewable resources不可再生资源31.consume\deplete (v.)消耗(某种资源)e up\exhaust （v.）用尽(某种资源)33.harsh measures\actions严肃办法34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配备36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure完善都市基本设施建设37.reduce the number of vehicles减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards制定严格汽车排放原则39.reduce waste减少挥霍40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后41.prevent and control pollution防止和控制污染42.reinforce the conservation of water and soil加强水土保护43.keep ecological balance维护生态平衡44.adopt environmental protection technique采用环保技术45.create a healthy cultural environment创造出一种更加健康文化氛围46.strengthen the regulation and monitoring加强监督和管理47.enhance the governmental intrusion加大政府干预性办法48.promote legislative regulations增进立法管理49.establish and perfect the social security system建立和完善社会安全体系50.give special care to给某人或某物特别关照51.map out (work out) a blueprint of …制定出…发展蓝图52.impose some restrictions on对…实行限制53.increase the inputs in …加大对…投入54.arouse people’s awareness of唤醒人们…意识55.take some preventive (remedial) measures采用某些防止（补救）办法56.enforce on-the-spot penalties采用及时惩罚性办法57.play the role of media充分发挥媒体作用58.take proper guidance and support采用恰当引导和支持59.impose heavier penalty on对…实行严格惩罚60.set down effective laws制定积极有效法律61.urban planning 都市规划62.result in shortage of energy and natural resources导致了能源和自然资源短缺63.break the ecological balance破坏了生态平衡64.be harmful to our physical and mental health对咱们身心健康有害65.contaminate the environment污染环境66.promote the sustainable development of the city增进都市可持续性发展67.greenhouse effect温室效应68.strengthen pollution control加强污染控制69.popularize environmental protection knowledge普及环保知识70.burning迫在眉睫71.environmental degradation环境恶化72.at the cost of environment以环境污染为代价73.uncontrolled urbanization都市化失控74.motor vehicle exhaust、car emission汽车尾气排放75.exhaust purifier尾气净化器76.urban refuse都市垃圾77.protect …from overexploitation防止过度开发78.conservation of water and soil水土保持79.lead-free gasoline无铅汽油80.gas-fueled vehicles天然气汽车81.cell-driven vehicles；battery cars电动汽车bat desertification防治荒漠化83.curb environmental pollution；bring the pollution under control治理环境污染84.industrial solid wastes工业固体废物anic pollutions有机污染物86.environment-friendly agriculture；eco-agriculture生态农业87.water resource conservation zone水资源保护区88.slow down the rate of resource degradation减少资源消耗率89.develop renewable resources开发可再生资源90.establish nature reserve建立自然保护区91.endangered wildlife濒危野生动物92.medical research医学研究93.cruel\merciless\inhuman\callous\brutal残忍94.vivisection活体解剖95.ease\alleviate\relieve animals’ pain减轻动物痛苦96.pets are their masters’ companions宠物是主人伙伴97.afford their masters consolation and comfort给主人心理安慰四、科技1. scientific invention科学创造2. exert a far-reaching impact on…对…产生一种深远影响3. double-edged sword双刃剑4. cutting-edge technology尖端科技5. pave the way for the future development为将来发展铺平道路6. lay a solid foundation for…为…打下良好基本7. information explosion\overload信息爆炸8. depletion of resources能源消耗9. milestone里程碑10. sophisticated equipment尖端设备11. technical innovation科技创新12.the information age\era信息时代13. antithetical与…背道而驰14. over-commercialized过渡商业化15. enhance\augment\boost the efficiency提高效率16. the proliferation of Internet 互联网广泛使用17. technological innovations科技创新及发展18. labor-saving省力 labor-replacing代替人力19. automatic自动 automation 自动化20. biotechnology 生物技术21. speedy and comfortable既快捷又舒服22. opposite forces负面影响23. a fatal breakdown致命故障24. potential hazards潜在危险25. pose a threat to…对…有一种威胁26. promote relative industries增进有关产业发展27. accelerate加速…28. means of transportation交通方式29. transportation tools交通工具30. social status社会地位31. environmentally-friendly resources环保能源32. make people’s life easier使人们生活更以便33. alternative fuel可代替燃料34. sustainable development可持续性发展35. scientific exploration科学摸索36. air travel航空旅行37. ridiculous可笑38. absurd荒唐39. substitute取代40. overcome difficulties克服困难41. make progress获得进步42. a sense of national pride民族自豪感43. unprecedented前所未有44. soaring不断上升45. give a great push to the economic growth极大地推动了经济发展46. see dramatic breakthroughs获得突破性进展47. aggravate使恶化48. optimize优化49. cure-all solution万能良药50. automobile industry汽车工业51. boost the economic development增进经济发展52. levy the tax征税53. modernization当代化54. be viewed as …被视为是…55. be concerned about …对…担忧/关注…56. pollution-free fuel无污染燃料57. luxury奢侈品58. chronic lead poisoning慢性铅中毒59. fill… with …使…充斥着60. popularization of cars汽车普及61. lay more emphasis on…把重心放在…62. observe traffic regulations遵守交通规则63. break traffic regulations违背交通规则64. get struck in traffic遇上堵车65. rush hour上下班高峰时间66. ease the traffic pressure缓和交通压力67. pedestrian行人68. pavement人行道69. zebra crossing斑马线70. over speed超速行驶71. bottleneck交通堵塞地区72. settle down effective laws制定出积极有效法律73. Impose restrictions on …对…实行限制74. short-sighted目光短浅75. non-renewable resources不可再生资源76.telecommunications远程通信77. a pillar industry支柱产业78. make full use of …充分运用79. road networks公路网80. speed limits限速81. enhance the quality of life提高生活质量82. pay a heavy price付出惨痛代价83. promote the development of relative industries增进有关产业发展84. traffic engineering交通运送工程85. the number of car ownership汽车拥有量86. call for …需要…87. overcrowded过度拥挤88. violator违规者89. headache令人头痛事90. traffic accidents交通事故91. head-way进展92. conflict with …与…相冲突93. major cause重要因素94. be replaced by …被…所取代95. provide convenience for …为…提供便利96. curb限制…97. dilemma进退两难98. encourage somebody to do something勉励某人去做某事99. energy-saving节能100. marketable products畅销产品101. potential market潜在市场102. in view of考虑到103. be tempted into an unhealthy lifestyle.过上一种不健康生活方式104. jump into our sight映入眼帘105. fake and exaggerated information虚假信息106. be deceptive and misleading具备欺骗性和误导性107. high-tech products高科技产品108. perfect services完善服务109. in all walks of life在各行各业五、犯罪类mit a crime犯罪2.break\violate\flout\disobey the law触犯法律3.offence、crimes、criminal acts罪行4.criminal、offenders、culprit、perpetrator罪犯5.accomplice、accessory从犯6.resent society、hold a grudge against society憎恨社会7.victims受害者8.trauma 心理创伤9.prison监狱10.cell牢房11.imprison\incarcerate someone监禁12.be brought to justice被绳之以法13.reform\rehabilitate criminals 改造罪犯w enforcement agencies执法部门15.heinous\flagitious crime、felony重罪16.petty crime轻罪17.first-time offenders初犯者18.hardened offenders惯犯19.revert to crime再次犯罪20.track down 、hunt down、capture抓捕21.abide by the law 、comply with the law遵守法律w-abiding citizens守法公民23.boost the sense of safety增强安全意识24.reinforce the police force and increase patrol增强警力和巡逻25.miscarriges of justice执法不公26.deterrent effect震慑作用27.a sign of the triumph of good over evil正义战胜邪恶象征28.being closely monitored 受到严格监控29.fear of reprisal紧张报复心理30.restrict freedom限制自由31.invade privacy侵犯隐私32.alert people to the risk of being victimized by crime提高人们对于犯罪警惕33.robbery 抢劫34.hijack绑架35.rape强奸36.shoplift商店盗窃(shoplifter商店盗窃37.smuggle走私38.drug-trafficking贩毒（traffic交易）39.arson放火罪40.offenses of homicide\murder杀人罪41.crime of intentional injury\assault故意伤害罪六、文化与旅游1.tourist attractions、tourist spots、places of interest旅游景点2.maitain、protect、preserve(v.)保护3.forefathers、ancestors祖先4.descendants后裔5.ethnic minorities少数民族6.the harmony between ethnic groups/races民族团结7.cultural diversity文化融合8.interaction互相影响9.cultural diversity文化多元性10.insular/provincial/parochial mentality狭隘观念11.deprecate/denigrate/minimize the importance of贬低12. push back/expand one’s vision/ horizons开阔眼界13.promote cultural communication增进文化交流14.draw/attract/appeal to/ be a magnet for sb.吸引15.first-hand experience亲身体验second-hand experience/vicarious experience间接体验16.multi-sensory各种感官体验17.conflict冲突18.discord/dissension争端19.isolate the tourist from the locals把游客和本地人隔离mercialize商业化21.cultural heritage文化遗产22.the Internet will not render tourism obsoletes互联网不会让旅游业过时七、媒体类1.current affairs时事2.the press时事3.the print media时印刷机构4.news outlets报道新闻机构5.the electronic media电子媒体6.prevalent、ubiquitous、pervasive无处不在7.be awash with ；be inundate with；be saturated with充斥着8.censor审查9.delete、eliminate、excise删除10.excessive(gratuitous) violent and pornographic contents过多暴力与色情内容11.misleading、misrepresented、distorted有误导性12. fraudulent诈骗性13.false、bogus虚假14.report sth. in graphic detail报道非常详尽新界15.media hype 媒体炒作16.exaggerate \sensationalize things；blow things out of all proportions 夸大事件17.objective and balanced公正客观18.expose、reveal揭露19.violate (intrude on/infringe on)侵犯隐私20.tarnish(sully/smear/besmirch) one’s reputation毁坏某人名誉21.paparazzi(单复同体)狗仔队22.celebrity名人23.scandals丑闻24.cover up；gloss over；whitewash掩盖25.blassed;skewed;unobjective不客观26.factual accounts如实地描述27.reliable;trustworthy;dependable可信28.up-to-date;up-to-the-minute及时rmative信息量大30.entertaining娱乐性强31.newsworthy有新闻价值32.code of ethics/conduct道德准则33.head news头条新闻34.sofe news娱乐新闻35.sporting news体育新闻36.healthy express健康快讯37.celebrity anecdote 名人逸事38.cater the audience 迎合观众39.give an exaggerated account of an issue夸大其词40.market-driven,obedient to market demands以市场为中心41.entertain consumers娱乐消费者42.lose respect for the privacy of people对别人隐私不够尊重43.public service advertising，non-commercial advertising公益广告44.advertising breaks广告时间45.广告长处：disseminate\propagate\populate market information传播市场信息inform consumers of new products简介新产品encourage competition in quality an product innovation勉励质量上竞争和产品革新enrich the consumers lives and improve living standards丰富消费者生活，提高生活质量enable greater volumes to be sold and promote economic development增进产品销量和经济发展46.广告缺陷：add to the cost of every product由于广告费因素，广告会增长商品价格claims or visual images that directly or indirectly mislead the consumers广告语言和图像会直接或者间接误导观众abuse the consumers’ trust ,exploit their lack of experience or knowledge to manipulate them 滥用消费者信任，运用她们缺少有关经验和知识特点去诱导她们购买对自己无用产品dispose of excess production广告诸多时候就是协助解决滞销产品八、经济类1.saving 储蓄2.investment 投资3.expenditure 支出耗费4.capital 资本资金资产5.currency 通货通用市价6.denomination （种类、数值、大小）单位7.demand 需求、需求量8.supply 补给、供应、供应品9.purchase购买10.inflation通货膨胀11.deflation通货紧缩12.monetary货币金钱13.microeconomics微观经济学14.macroeconomics宏观经济学15.consume消费消耗16.distribution分派、分发、配给物17.durability经久、耐久力18.nominal 名义上、近似、大概19.taxation 课税、征税、税收、税款、估定税额20.externality 外部因素、也许影响行动进程偶尔条件21.asymmetric不均匀不对衬22.fluctuate 变动波动涨落23.trademark商标24.copyright版权著作权25.brand 商标牌子26.appreciation增值27.depreciation 贬值28.depression 萧条不景气29.discount折扣30.entrepreneur公司家主办人31.fiscal财政国库会计32.insurance 保险保险单保险业保险费33.futures 期货34.financial财政金融35.equilibrium平衡、均衡36.hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀37.profitability收益性收益率38.stock股本股票股份39.tariff关税关税表40.quota配额限额41.surplus剩余过剩42.merchandise商品货品merce商业44.account计算账目45.transaction交易事务解决事务九、政府类1.unemployment；joblessness失业2.infrastructure基本设施3.social security 社会保障4.medical care system医疗保健5.public transportation公共交通6.public service公共服务7.essential sectors核心行业8.non-essential sectors非紧要行业9.private sector 私人公司10.general interest公众利益11.welfare福利12.financial assistance经济援助13.shake off\get rid of poverty挣脱贫穷14.authorities当局15.citizens；the citizenry老百姓16.regulate;administe;oversee规范，管理17.implement实行18.legislate；make laws立法19.strictly prohibit；ban altogether禁止20.stringent laws/legislation严格法律21.scrutiny (n.)；scrutinize (v.) monitor (v.) 监督22.allocate money to sth;be a patron of；invest in；fund；dedicate money to sth.为……拨款23.budget (n.) 预算24.tax revenue税收25.the government spending/expenditure on sth.政府开支26.curtail削减27.augment增长28.give priority to sth.把当作当务之急29.responsibility；obligation责任30.arms race军备竞赛31.self-defense自卫32.national security；homeland security国土安全33.short-sighted policy缺少远见政策34.expansion (n.) aggression (n.)扩张35.seek\pursue hegemony谋求霸权36.a vicious circle恶性循环37.destabilizing factors地区不稳定因素38.rules and regulations规章制度39.space race太空竞赛40.arms (n.) weapons (n.) armaments (n.) 武器id-off workers；downsized workers下岗工人42.power grid电网43.democratic民主democracy民主44.民主与开明政府a democratic and progressive government十、社会类1. urbanization 都市化2. centralization 集中化3.imbalance 不平衡4.in the long run 从长远角度而言5.infrastructure 基本设施6.booming 繁华发展7.tertiary industry 第三产业8.tranquility 宁静9.revenue 税收mercialization 商业化11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤12.water scarcity 水短缺13.the environmental pollution 环境污染14.over-industrialization 过度工业化15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16.unemployment 失业17.wealth distribution 财富分派18.social instability 社会动荡19.urban construction 都市建设20.population explosion 人口激增21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22.drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多就业机会24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活25.stress-related illnesses 与压力关于疾病26.high cost of living 高额生活费用27.pastoral life 田园生活28.class polarization 阶级两极分化29.social welfare 社会福利30.give special care to … 予以…特殊关照31.urban sprawl 都市扩张32.convenient transportation means 便捷交通工具33.better medical services 更好医疗服务34.pressure of modern life in city 都市生活压力35.be vulnerable to … 易于患上…36.melting pot 熔炉37.on the brink of … 处在…边沿38.pollutant 污染性物质39.waste disposal 废物解决40.put the blame on … 归咎于…41.be attributable to … 归由于…42.ways of consumption 消费方式43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失44.citizen 居民45.be confronted with… 面临着…46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪47.vicious cycle 恶性循环48.a feasible measure 一种可行办法49.give priority to … 优先考虑…50.city plan 都市规划。
