九年级电流和电路中考真题汇编[解析版]
一、初三物理电流和电路易错压轴题（难）
1．归纳式探究——研究电子在电场中的偏转：
如图1，给两块等大、正对、靠近的平行金属加上电压，两板之间就有了电场。若将电子沿着平行于两板的中线方向入射到电场中，电子就会发生偏转。若两板间距为d，板长为L，所加的电压为U，电子入射初速度为v0，离开电场时偏移的距离为y，则经研究得到如下数据：
次数d/m L/m U/V v0/（m·s-1）y/m
14×10-20.2401×107 3.6×10-2
28×10-20.2401×107 1.8×10-2
34×10-20.1401×1070.9×10-2
48×10-20.21601×1077.2×10-2
58×10-20.22402×107 2.7×10-2
(1)y＝k__________，其中k＝_________（填上数值和单位）。本实验在探究影响电子离开电场时偏移的距离时，运用了_________法；
(2)相同情况下，电子的入射速度越大，偏移距离越________。它们间的关系可以用图像2中的图线________表示；
(3)现有两块平行相对的长度为5cm，间距为1cm的金属板，为了让初始速度为3×107m/s 的电子从一端沿两板间中线方向入射后，刚好能从另一端的金属板边缘处射出，需要加_____V的电压。
【答案】2
20
UL dv ()1022
910m /V s ?? 控制变量 小 b 200
【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
(1)[1]分析表中数据可知，1与2相比L 、U 、0v 均相同，而d 增大一倍，y 减小为原来的
1
2
，可知y 与d 成反比；同理，1与3相比，y 与2L 成正比；2与4相比，y 与U 成正比；将第2次实验电压U 增大至6倍，则y 增大至6倍，此时
240V U =
210.810m y -=?
将此时的数据与第5次实验相比，y 与2
0v 成反比，综上所述可得
2
20
UL y k dv =
[2]将表格中第3次数据（其他组数据也可）代入2
20
UL y k dv =计算可得 ()1022910m /V s k =??
[3]本实验在探究影响电子离开电场时偏移的距离时，运用了控制变量法。
(2)[4]在其他情况相同时，y 与2
0v 成反比，所以电子入射的初速度越大，偏移距离越小。 [5]它们之间的关系可以用图乙中的图线b 来表示。
(3)[6]将已知数据中的y 、d 、L 、0v 和前面算出的k 分别代入220
UL y k dv =并计算可得 200V U =
2．小敏和小英通过实验探究“并联电路中干路电流与各支路电流的关系”．她们连接的电路如图所示．
（1）当小敏用开关“试触”时，发现电流表A 1无示数、电流表A 2的指针快速右偏，两灯均不发光．由此可知，她们连接的电路发生了________故障；若闭合开关S ，可能造成的后果是________．
（2）小英只改接了电路中的一根导线，电路便连接正确了，请你在图中画出她的改法．（在错接的导线上画×，然后画出正确的接线） （___________）
（3）她们利用改正后的电路进行实验：闭合开关S后，读出两块电流表的示数，得出的初步结论是：________．
【答案】短路电流表A2被烧坏在并联电路中，
干路电流大于支路电流
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
（1）电流表A1无示数、电流表A2的指针快速右偏，两灯均不发光，由此可知电路发生了短路故障，若闭合开关S，由于电路发生短路，电路中电流过大，可能造成的后果是电流表A2被烧坏．
（2）改正电路如图：
（3）利用改正后的电路进行实验，闭合开关S后，读出两块电流表的示数，得出的初步结论是：在并联电路中，干路电流大于支路电流．
【点睛】
电路中发生短路的危害，可能烧毁电流表或电源，为避免短路发生，可采用试触法．
3．归纳式探究—．研究电磁感应现象中的感应电流：
磁场的强弱用磁感应强度描述，用符号B表示，单位是特斯拉，符号是T．强弱和方向处处相同的磁场叫做匀强磁场．
如图甲所示，电阻R1与圆形金属线圈R2连接成闭合回路，R1和R2的阻值均为R0，导线的电阻不计，
在线圈中半径为r的圆形区域内存在垂直于线圈平面向里的匀强磁场，磁感应强度B随时间t变化的关系图象如图乙所示，图线与横、纵坐标的截距分别为t0和B0．则0至t1时间内通过R1的电流I与阻值R0、匀强磁场的半径r、磁感应强度B0和时间t0的关系数据如下表：
次数R0/Ωr/m B0/T T0/s I/A
1100.1 1.00.15π×l0-2
2200.1 1.00.1 2.5π×l0-2 3200.2 1.00.110π×l0-2 4100.10.30.1 1.5π×l0-2 5200.10.10.050.5π×l0-2
（1）I=_____k，其中k=________（填上数值和单位）
（2）上述装置中，改变R0的大小，其他条件保持不变，则0至t1时间内通过R1的电流I 与R0的关系可以用图象中的图线____表示．
【答案】
2000B r R t 2
5A s
T m π?Ω?? c 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
（1）[1]由图像分析可得
2E
I R
=……………1 E t
?Φ
=
?...............2 =?S B ?Φ? (3)
120+2R R R R == (4)
由1234联立得：
220000
22B B r r I t R t R ππ?=?=??
由于
2
π
为定值，故 2
000
B r I k R t =
[2]将第一组数据带入上式得：
k =
2
5A s
T m π?Ω??
（2）[3]若R 0变，其他为定值，则2
00
2B r t π均为定值，可看作0'k I R =，此为反比例函数，
故可用图线c 表示．
4．如图是一个模拟交通路口红绿灯工作的实验电路，请你用笔画线代替导线，只添加两根导线，实物电路图补充完整．要求：红灯亮时，黄灯和绿灯都不亮； 当红灯灭时，黄灯和绿灯可以分别亮一盏．
【答案】
【解析】
由题意知红灯亮时，黄灯和绿灯都不亮；当红灯灭时，黄灯和绿灯可以分别亮一盏．说明三盏灯互不影响，也就是说三盏灯是并联；结合实物图，S1是控制红灯和黄灯；S2控制绿灯和黄灯，故连接电路图如图．
5．（一）用下图所示的装置探究摩擦力跟接触面粗糙程度的关系。
（1）实验时，用弹簧测力计水平拉动木块，使它沿长木板做运动，根据知识，从而测出木块与长木板之间的滑动摩擦力。
（2）第一次实验中弹簧测力计的示数如图所示为 N，]分析表中数据可以得到的结论是。
实验次数123
接触面情况木块和长木板木块和棉布木块和毛巾
摩擦力/N1．92．4
（3）实验结束后，小丽同学想探究摩擦力是否与接触面的大小有关，她用弹簧测力计测出木块在水平面上的摩擦力，然后将木块沿竖直方向锯掉一半，测得摩擦力的大小也变为原来的一半．她由此得出：当接触面的粗糙程度一定时，接触面越小，摩擦力越小。你认为她的结论正确吗？，理由是。
（二）襄襄和樊樊在“探究并联电路中干路电流与各支路电流有什么关系”时，利用一个开关、一个电流表、一个学生电源（有多个电压档位）、四个阻值不等的电阻以及若干条导线，进行了大胆地探究。如图所示是他们的实验电路图。
（1）他们的猜想是：（只写一种猜想）。
[进行实验]
（2）襄襄按照电路图正确地进行实验，在连接电路时开关处于；得到了表1中的实验数据。襄襄在实验中，是靠只改变而得到实验数据的：测量三次的目的是：。
（3）樊樊也按照上述同样的器材和同样的电路进行了实验，却得到了表2中的数据。樊樊在实验中是靠只改变而得到实验数据的。
（4）在襄襄同学另外在测量串联电路电压规律中测L2两端的电压时,为了节省实验时间,采用以下方法:电压表所接的B接点不动,只断开A接点,并改接到C接点上；瑞瑞同学用上面的方法能否测出L2两端的电压? 为什么?__ ．
【答案】（1）匀速直线二力平衡 1．2 压力一定时，接触面越粗糙，受到的摩擦力越大
不正确没有控制压力不变；
（2）并联电路中，干路电流等于各支路电流之和断开 R1电阻大小多次测量，避免实验偶然性，寻找普遍规律；电源电压不可以，电压表正负接线柱接反了
【解析】
试题分析：（一）（1）实验时，我们利用二力平衡的知识，使水平方向的摩擦力等于弹簧测力计的示数，因此必须水平匀速直线拉动木块；
（2）弹簧测力计的量程是5N，分度值是0．2N，示数为1．2N；
分析表中数据可以得到，压力一定时，接触面越粗糙，受到的摩擦力越大；
（3）因为有压力大小、接触面的粗糙程度影响摩擦力的大小，因此如果想探究摩擦力是否与接触面的大小有关，她应该控制压力大小和接触面的粗糙程度一定，但她沿竖直方向锯掉一半时，压力大小改变了，因此没有控制压力一定，因此实验是错误的；
（二）（1）他们的猜想是：并联电路中，干路电流等于各支路电流之和；
（2）在连接实验电路时开关处于断开，避免接通最后一根导线时，电路中有电流；
表1中的实验数据，第二条支路电流没有变化，说明襄襄在实验中，是靠只改变R1电阻大小，而得到实验数据的：测量三次的目的是：多次测量，避免实验偶；
（3）樊樊得到了表2中的数据，三次实验中，R1和R2的电流成倍数增大，说明樊樊在实验中是靠只改变电源电压得到实验数据的；
（4）在测量串联电路电压规律中测L2两端的电压时，将电压表所接的B接点不动，只断开A接点，并改接到C接点上，是不对的，电压表的正负极接线柱接反了。
考点：探究摩擦力跟接触面粗糙程度的实验探究干路电流与支路电流的关系实验
6．为了防止电路中电流过大，发生危险，电路中常常需要安装保险丝.保险丝安装在玻璃管中，称为保险管.实验室有熔断电流分别为1A和2A的两种保险管，保险管上印刷的文字已经模糊不清，但小星知道：熔断电流较大的保险丝，其电阻较小，因此，小星设计了如图甲所示实验电路图，想通过比较它们的电阻大小来区别这两种保险管.
（1）根据图甲电路图，在图乙的实物图中，用笔代善导线把电路连接完整。
（________）
（2）开关闭合前，滑动变阻器的滑片应该移至最_______（选填“左”或“右”端）。
（3）在图甲中，若电压表V2的读数为2.1V，电压表V1读数如图丙所示，则保险管B两端的电压为_______V.
（4）保险管A的熔断电流为_______A
（5）将这两个保险管并联接入某一电路中，当电路中的电流达到_______A时，保险管将熔断.
【答案】左 1.5 2 2.8A
【解析】
【详解】
（1）根据图甲电路图可知，电压表V1测保险管A的电压，电压表V2测两保险管总电压。再由第（3）小题中“电压表V2的读数为2.1V”可知，两电压表都接小量程。连接电压表
V1“-”接线柱到保险管A左端接线柱、“3”接线柱到保险管A右端接线柱；再连接电压表V2“-”接线柱到保险管B左端接线柱、“3”接线柱到滑动变阻器右下端（或保险管A右端）接线柱。如图：
（2）为保护电路，开关闭合前，滑动变阻器的滑片应该移至阻值最大端。因滑动变阻器接右下端接线柱，所以滑片移至最左端阻值最大。
（3）电压表V1测保险管A的电压，其分度值为0.1V，则U A=0.6V。电压表V2测两保险管总电压，即U A+B=2.1V。则保险管B两端的电压为U B=U A+B-U A=2.1V-0.6V=1.5V。
（4）因U A=0.6V、U B= 1.5V，即U A
（5）由上题可知，R A:R B= U A:U B=0.6V: 1.5V=2:5。将这两个保险管并联接入某一电路中，电流之比为I A:I B= R B:R A=5:2。若当保险管A电流达到熔断电流2A时，保险管B电流为
I B=2
5
I A=
2
5
×2A=0.8A，此时电路总电流达到I=2A+0.8A=2.8A，保险管A刚熔断，保险管B不
能熔断；若当保险管B电流达到熔断电流1A时，保险管A电流为
I A=5
2
I B=
5
2
×1A=2.5A>2A，说明A早已熔断。综合以上分析可知，将这两个保险管并联接入
某一电路中，当电路中的电流达到2.8A时，保险管将熔断。
7．小明在探究并联电路电流规律的实验中，如图甲是实验的电路图。
（1）在连接电路时发现，刚接好最后一根导线，表的指针就发生了偏转，由此可知在连接电路时，他忘了_____。
（2）他先将电流表接A处，闭合开关后，观察到灯L2发光，但灯L1不发光，电流表的示数为零，电路可能存在的故障是：_____。
（3）他在测量B处的电流时，发现电流表的指针偏转如图乙所示，原因是_____；在排除故障后，电流表的示数如图丙所示，则电流表的示数为_____A。
（4）在解决了以上问题后，将电流表分别接入A、B、C三点处，闭合开关，测出了一组电流并记录在表格中，立即得出了并联电路的电流规律。请你指出他们实验应改进方法是_____。
（5）实验结束后，小明又利用器材连接了如图丁所示的电路图，当开关S由断开到闭合时，电流表A2的示数_____（选填“变大”“变小”或“不变”）。
【答案】断开开关； L1断路；电流表正负接线柱接反了； 0.24；换用不同的灯泡测量多组数据；变大。
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
(1)[1]在连接电路时发现，刚接好最后一根导线，表的指针就发生了偏转，由此可知在连接电路时，他忘了断开开关；
(2)[2]将电流表接A处，闭合开关后，观察到灯L2发光，但灯L1不发光，电流表的示数为零，说明L1所在支路断路；
(3)[3]电流表的指针反向偏转原因是：电流表正负接线柱接反了；
[4]图中电流表选用小量程，分度值为0.02A，则电流表的示数为0.24A；
(4)[5]只测量了一组数据得出的结论有偶然性，应改进方法是：换用不同的灯泡测量多组数据；
(5)[6]实验结束后，小明又利用器材连接了如图丁所示的电路图，当开关S断开时，电路中只有L1，电流表A2测电路中电流，S闭合时，两灯并联，电流表A2测干路的电路中，因L1的电压和电流不变，根据并联电路电流的规律，电流表A2的示数变大。
8．小明用如图甲所示的电路图来探究并联电路中干路电流与各支路电流的关系．
（1）请根据电路图，用笔画线代替导线把图乙的电路连接完整． （____）
（2）连接电路后，小明把电流表接入图甲的A 处，闭合开关S 后，发现小灯泡1L 不亮，
2L 亮，电流表无示数，产生这种现象的原因可能是______．排除电路故障再做实验，电流
表在A 处的示数如图丙所示，请你帮小明把该示数填入下表空格处．然后小明把电流表分别接入电路中的B 、C 两处测电流，并把电流表的示数记录在下表中．
A 处的电流/A A I
B 处的电流/A B I
C 处的电流/A C I
______
0.15
0.25
小明分析表格中的数据认为：并联电路中干路电流等于______．
（3）小明想，要使上述结论更具普通性，还要用不同的方法进行多次实验，于是小明和同学们讨论了以下三种方案：
方案一：在图甲的基础上，反复断开、闭合开关，测出A 、B 、C 三处的电流． 方案二：在图甲的基础上，只改变电源电压，测出A 、B 、C 三处的电流．
方案三：在图甲的基础上，在其中一条支路换上规格不同的灯泡，测出A 、B 、C 三处的电流．
以上三种方案，你认为不可行的方案______（填“一”“二”或“三”）． 小明选择上述可行方案之一，做了三次实验，并把实验数据填入下表中． 实验次序 A 处的电流/A A I
B 处的电流/A B I
C 处的电流/A C I
1 0.1
2 0.18 0.30 2 0.14 0.21 0.35 3
0.20
0.30
0.50
请你根据小明的实验步骤和有关数据回答下列问题： ①在拆电路改装时，开关必须______；
②小明选择的方案是方案______（填“一”“二”或“三”）．
L支路有断路 0.10 各支路电流之和一断【答案】1
开二
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
(1)[1]由电路图可知，两灯泡并联，因此可得实物图如下：
；
(2)[2]电流表无示数说明电路不通，即1L支路有断路；
[3]由图丙可知，A处电流为0.1A；
[4]由表格数据可知，干路C处电流，等于A支路，B支路电流之和，因此可得并联电路中干路电流等于各支路电流之和；
(3)[5] 方案二和方案三：换用不同的规格的小灯泡，或者增加电池的节数改变电源电压，测出三处的电流，可以得出多组不同的实验数据，故可以得出普遍规律；而方案一中反复断开，闭合开关，测得到的实验数据都是相同的，故不可行；
[6]为了保护电路，在拆电路改装时，开关必须断开；
[7] 分析A、B两处的电流的变化关系可知，通过A处电流的变化倍数和通过B电流的变化倍数相等，说明选择的实验方案是二．
9．宝宝和玲玲同学想探究并联电路电流规律，
猜想与假设：
(1)宝宝同学猜想：并联电路中各支路电流相等；
(2)玲玲同学猜想：并联电路干路中的电流等于各支路电流之和。
设计实验与制定计划：宝宝和玲玲同学分别从实验室选取电流表3只，灯泡2只，开关1个，滑动变阻器1个，干电池，导线若干。实验电路图如图所示。
进行实验与收集证据：
(1)宝宝同学根据电路图连接好实验电路，连接过程中，开关应该_______；检查电路无误后，开始实验，正确读出电流表示数如下表：
(2)玲玲同学根据电路图正确连接好实验电路，开始实验，正确读出电流表示数如下表：
分析与论证：
分析记录的实验数据，宝宝同学得出：并联电路中各支路电流相等；玲玲同学得出：并联电路总电流有时等于各支路电流之和，有时不等于各支路电流值和。
评估：
(1)宝宝同学得出错误的实验结论，主要原因是______；
(2)玲玲同学的实验记录表格中，实验次数______读数错误，原因是______。
(3)为了使实验结论更具科学性，请你提出合理化建议（1条即可）：______。
【答案】断开选用的小灯泡规格是相同的 3 看错了量程应该再选用不同规格的灯泡再进行多次测量得出结论
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
[1]宝宝同学根据电路图连接好实验电路，连接过程中，开关应该断开；
[2]检查电路无误后，开始实验，实验得到的数据具有特殊性，每一次两支路电流都相等，由于并联电压相等，所以可知他所选用的小灯泡规格是相同的，因此得出的实验结论不具有普遍性和科学性；
[3]分析小红同学的实验记录表格中数据可以看出，第三次的数据明显差别很大，所以这一
次是错误的，干路电流表示数比支路电流表示数小，原因只有一种就是读数时看错量程了；
[4]为了使实验结论更具科学性，普遍性，应该换用不同规格的灯泡再进行多次测量得出实验结论。
10．按要求完成填空：
（1）如图甲所示，用天平测得一正方体物块的质量为_______________g ，若用刻度尺测得该物块的边长为2. 00cm ，则它的密度为_______________g/cm 3.
（2）如图乙所示，在长木板上速拉动木块时弹簧测力计示数如图，则木块受到的摩擦力为_____________N ；图示实验探究的是_______________对滑动摩擦力大小的影响. （3）如图丙所示，该冲程是_______________冲程；该冲程中能量转化方式为_______________.
（4）如图丁所示，两个气球分别与毛皮摩擦后相互靠近，图示现象表明了_______________.
【答案】61.6 7.7 1.8 压力大小 压缩 机械能（或动能）转化为内能 同种电荷相互排斥 【解析】 【详解】
（1）图中标尺的分度值为0.2g ，物块的质量m =50g+10g+1.6g=61.6g ，该物块的体积V =a 3=（2cm ）3=8cm 3；它的密度ρ=
361.6g 8cm
m V =7.7g/cm 3； （2）图乙中弹簧测力计的示数为1.8N ，由二力平衡可知，当木块被匀速拉动时，这时滑动摩擦力的大小等于弹簧测力计拉力的大小1.8N ；实验中接触面的粗糙程度相同，压力不同，探究压力对滑动摩擦力大小的影响；
（3）由图可知，此时汽油机的两个气门都关闭，活塞由下向上运动，压缩内部的混合物，使其内能增大、温度升高，故该冲程是压缩冲程，即是把机械能转化为内能的过程； （4）两个气球分别与毛皮摩擦后相互靠近，由图可知，两只气球相互远离，说明两只气球带上了同种电荷而相互排斥。
中考英语完形填空试题解析 完形填空（Cloze Test）是中考必考的一个能力性题型，其实它是一种Blanked Cloze，即每题给出一组选项（一般为4个），要求选择出能符合上下文语言和意义要求的选项，它考查内容灵活，综合性强，易于操作，倍受命题者青睐。随意抽取了‘96 ‘97两年全国省市级中考英语试题43份，完形填空题平均占11.09分；在被统计的47 篇完形填空短文中，以故事性题材居多（共26篇，占55％），故事往往具有幽默性或富有哲理，其他还有科普小品、文化体育、风土人情、人物、史地等。请看下表：题材故事小品科普小品风土人情文化体育人物史地篇数26 7 7 4 2 1 百分比55% 16% 16% 9% 5% 2% 许多题目多与课文一般介谈足球运动2 介绍林介绍有出人意题材, 如绍英语篇, 另介绍体肯、爱城市备注料之结局卫星、植国家的育活动和英语迪生等情况树、水等风土人学习各一篇。名人情况。有关。情。完形填空选文的体裁也值得一提，请看下表：体裁记叙文说明文应用文议论文其他篇数26 13 3 1 4 百分比55% 27.7% 6% 2% 8.5% 包括科以书信就事论事主要是普、风、电话, 谈集体备注故事性土人情记录、精神等。短文等类短对话为文。主。完形填空题的两空之间一般相隔7 10个词，短文第一个句子一般不设填空题，通过分析‘96 ‘97全国各省市中考英语完形填空题的命制情况，总结出如下的特点：1）本题型设空以考查文意为主，信息词汇（或通常所说的实词 名词、动词、形容词和副词等）比重极大，且有逐年增加的趋势。2）降低对单词本身词意的考查要求，以突出本题的主要测试目的：理解全文，通篇考虑，掌握大意，注重关联。3）增加了考查连词的题，涉及考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解，恰到好处。4）注意结合文意考查对
2020-2021年中考英语完形填空练习题基础、提高、难题_汇总(含答案) 一、中考英语完形填空（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, when the Lion was asleep at noon, the little Mouse came running by. He was in a 1 to get home. Because the Mouse didn't see the Lion, he ran 2 the Lion's nose. The Lion opened his eyes, shouting "I'm going to eat you! You 3 me up!" "Dear Lion, please do not eat me! I shall 4 do it again and I shall never forget your kindness. Maybe someday I will 5 you back!" The Lion was 6 the idea of the Mouse. Then he said, "I think I will let you go. I am not 7 anyway." The little Mouse was so happy! He ran 8 to his home. A few days later, the Lion 9 into a net （网）by accident. The Lion shouted, trying to get free. Just then, the little Mouse happened to pass by. "I will help you, dear Lion." The little Mouse cut the net with his little teeth. It 10 him a long time. At last, the Lion was free! The Lion and the Mouse became best friends. The Lion said, "A little friend can be the best friend of all!" 1. A. way B. need C. hurry D. order 2. A. right into B. right now C. right away D. right through 3. A. hit B. put C. bring D. woke 4. A. always B. often C. never D. seldom 5. A. see B. meet C. give D. help 6. A. careful of B. pleased by C. angry with D. sorry for 7. A. hungry B. tired C. thirsty D. terrible 8. A. through B. from C. off D. for 9. A. was dropped B. fell C. felt D. fallen 10. A. spent B. took C. costs D. paid 【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）C；（5）D；（6）B；（7）A；（8）D；（9）B；（10）B； 【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述一只急冲冲想回家的老鼠不小心跑进了正在睡觉的狮子，恼怒了狮子，于是狮子要把老鼠吃掉，但聪明的老鼠苦苦哀求狮子，说这次狮子放了它，有朝一日，它会帮助狮子作为回报，此处的狮子并不怎么饿，而且听的老鼠的诚恳的 哀求，于是乎狮子放了老鼠，有一天狮子不小心掉进的一个网，正好小老鼠路过，小老鼠 用锋利的牙齿救出的狮子的故事。 （1）句意：他急急忙忙的回家。way道路；need需要；hurry匆忙；order命令.in a hurry 匆忙的，介词短语，故选C。
完形填空中考真题 (2018河南中考) 完形填空（10小题，每小题1分，共10分） Our teacher asked us what our favorite animal was, and I said, “Fried chicken.” She said I wasn’t funny, but she wasn’t __36__, because everyone else laughed. My parents told me to always be truthful and I am. Fried chicken is my favorite __37____. I told my dad what happened, and he said my teacher was probably a(n) __38____ of PETA. He said they love animals very much. I do, too. Especially chicken, pork and beef. __39____ my teacher sent me to the principal's office (校长室). I told him what happened, and he __40____, too. Then he told me not to do it again. The next day in class my teacher asked me what my favorite live animal was. I told her it was chicken. She asked me __41____, just like she’d asked the ot her children. I told her it was because people could __42____ them into fried chicken. She sent me back to the principal’s office. He laughed, and told me not to do it again. I don’t __43____. My parents taught me to be honest, __44____ my teacher doesn't like it when I am. Today, my teacher asked me to tell her what famous person __45____ like(s) most. I told her, “Colonel Sanders(肯德基创始人).” Guess where I am now? 36. A. anger B. right C. patient D. serious 37. A. food B. animal C. answer D. taste 38. A. example B. discover C. enemy D. member 39. A. Instead B. Again C. Anyway D. Also 40. A. laughed B. believed C. shouted D. agreed 41. A. when B. where C. how D. why 42. A. cut B. divide C. make D. add 43. A. care B. regret C. understand D. remember 44. A. but B. and C. or D. for
2019年中考英语完形填空真题汇编(名师精选全国真题+详细解析答案，值得下载打印练习) 一．完形填空（共8小题） 1．（2018?真题）Helping others always brings you something，sooner or later，one way or another．I didn't know that until one day when I went to my （1）B school．It was a cold and （2）A morning after the winter vacation．Actually，it was my （3）C day at my new school．I was walking slowly and worrying about lots of things．It was early and there weren't many people on the road． A girl （4）B was on a bike passed me quickly．She was riding on snowy ice when suddenly she fell off her bike just a few steps in front of me．She was trying hard to get up，（5）D fell again．Without thinking，I went over and helped her stand up．She said "Thank you" with a smile and then rode away．The words "Thank you" （6）D me and this small event made me feel less nervous about my new school． （7）B，I got to school．The teacher led me to the classroom and asked me to sit down （8）A a girl．I was so nervous．I knew some of the students were looking at me but I didn't dare to look at them．Soon the first class started．It was English．They used a different textbook from my old school and I didn't have a copy．As I was wondering what to do，a book appeared in front of me．"Let's share，" the girl next to me said．"And hi，I'm Carrie．" I （9）A．It was the girl I helped that morning．（10）C a surprise! From then on，we became good friends．She was my first and best friend at my new school．Helping her also helped me find a friend． （1）A．old B．new C．small D．big （2）A．snowy B．rainy C．cloudy D．sunny （3）A．third B．second C．first D．last
We know that trees are useful in our everyday life. They 86 us many things, such as wood, oxygen, rubber, medicines and many other things. They can 87 tell us a lot about our climate(气候) . The following are the reasons(理由) . If you 88 a tree, you can see that it has many rings(年轮). Most trees grow one new ring 89 year. Because of this reason, we know 90 a tree is. A tree over a hundred years old means that it has more than a hundred 91 . When the climate is dry or very cold, the trees do not grow very much and their rings are usually 92 . When it is wet and warm, the rings are much thicker. If the rings are suddenly very thin or suddenly very thick, this means that the 93 changed suddenly. If we look at the rings on this tree, we can learn about the 94 for a hundred years. We can see 95 our climate is changing today. 86. A. tell B. ask C. give D. get 87. A. not B. too C. to D. also 88. A. cut across B. climb up C. walk past D. look at 89. A. every B. many C. the first D. from 90. A. how big B. how long C. how old D. how much 91. A. trees B. leaves C. people D. rings 92. A. big B. thick C. small D. thin 93. A. climate B. trees C. rings D. animal 94. A. people B. things C. climate D. life 95. A. how B. why C. when D. while Do you know the Olympic Games? The Olympic Games are held every four years. Many players 78 all over the world take part in the Olympic Games. The old Olympic Games began around the year 776 BC (公元前) in Greece(希腊) and the modern games came from the 79 ones. Many of the sports were the same as they are now, but women were not allowed to take part in the games. The Olympic Games stopped for a long time. But they were not 80 by people. The first Olympic Games in modern times happened in 1896. They were held in Greece—the games were born in this 81 .In the 1896 games, there were 311 players from just 13 countries. After that, 82 countries took part in the games. In the 27th Sydney Summer Olympic Games in 2000, the Chinese team got 28 gold medals. One of the great competitions 83 not for a medal. It's the competition among countries to hold the Olympic Games. 84 the Olympic Games is a great prize for a country. In 2008, Beijing will hold the 29th Summer Olympic Games. We are all 85 our great country. ( )78. A. from B. in C. at D. to ( )79. A. new B. old C. good D. nice ( ) 80. A. forgetting B. forgot C. forgotten D. forget ( ) 81. A. town B. city C. village D. country ( )82. A. less than B. more or less C. more than D. more and more ( )83. A. are B. is C. were D. was ( )84. A. To hold B. Hold C. Holds D. Held ( )85. A. proud about B. prize for C. proud of D. prize of Jack and Tom worked for a builder. When this story hap pened ,they were working on a very large building. Their job was to pick up all the 56 ，put it in wheelbarrows and take it to the rubbish place. It was not difficult work, but it was a little 57 They had to walk under the place where men were
2018中考英语真题完型填空分类汇编 一、记叙文…………………………………………………1-100 二、议论、说明文……………………………………….100-124 (2018?湖北十堰)第二节．完形填空。（每小题1分，满分15分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给是A, B, C, D四个选项中选出一个可以填入短文空白处的最佳选项。 One day, I was in front of the mall cleaning my car. A man was coming my way from across the parking lot. From the 41 of him, he had no car, no home, no clean clothes, and no money. He sat down a front of the bus stop, but looked like that he had no money to 42 the bus. “That’s a very 43 car.” He said. He was ragged(衣衫褴褛的)but looked satisfied. I answered, “Thanks,” and then 44 cleaning my car. He sat there 45 when I worked. The expected beg(乞讨) 46 money never came. After a while, I said to 47 . “Ask him if he needs help.” I was 48 that he would say “yes”. “Do you need any help?” I asked. He answered in two 49 but meaningful words “And you?” I had been feeling high, successful and important 50 those two words 51 me. I did need help, and maybe it was not for a bus ticket or a place to sleep. I 52 my wallet and gave him not enough money for a bus ticket, but enough to get a warm meal and a place to sleep for the day. Later, I realized the man was not just a homeless stranger but a teacher who taught me that being comfortable with oneself is the best way to live better. How great and wise he is! And those two simple words still sound 53 . No matter how much you 54 . No matter how much you have achieved, you need help too. No matter how much little you have, no matter how you are filled with 55 , even without money or a place to sleep, you can give help. 41. A. words B. manners C. actions D. looks 42. A. buy B. take C. drive D. stop 43. A. old B. common C. expensive D. nice 44. A. finished B. stopped C. continued D. began 45. A. quietly B. slowly C. quickly D. loudly 46. A. in B. on C. for D. from 47. A. myself B. himself C. itself D. herself 48. A. afraid B. happy C. sure D. nervous 49. A. harmful B. strange C. new D. simple 50. A. until B. when C. after D. unless 51. A. examined B. shocked C. created D. believe 52. A. went out B. found out C. worked out D. took out 53. A. true B. honest C. difficult D. easy 54. A. eat B. have C. use D. think 【主旨大意】本短文主要讲述了作者看到一位没有车，没有家，没有干净的衣服，也没有钱的流浪汉，询问他是否需要帮助时，他却反问作者是否需要帮助。通过这位流浪汉简单的答语，让我们明白一个道理，不管你取得了多大的成就，你也需要帮助。无论你生活多么困难，即使没有钱或地方睡觉，你可以给予帮
完形填空题的常设考点 由于完形填空题以考查文意为主，注重考查考生的逻辑判断能力，所以完形填空题的常设考点主要集中在： 1.注重对实词的考查，特别是对动词、动词短语、名词、形容词、副词等的考查； 2.注重在具体的语境中考查词语(特别是名词、形容词)的用法； 3.对连词进行考查，考查考生对行文逻辑的掌握及对关联词的正确运用。 完形填空题与单项填空题有着本质上的区别：单项填空题侧重于对语法知识的考查，而完形填空题则侧重于对语用能力的考查，它更注重对语篇的理解，而不是对单个句子的理解。要想做好完形填空题必须始终注意对文章的理解和注意上下文的呼应，这是完形填空题的做题原则。绝大多数完形填空题，只看单个的句子，有时所提供的四个选项从语法角度来看都讲得通，但是在具体的语篇中只能有一个正确答案。因此，看一空做一空的做法是不可取的，必须从语篇的角度来考虑所选答案。做题时一定要联系上下文，从字里行间寻找隐藏信息，同时要善于根据四个选项的设置特点来进行选择： 1.所给选项是不同的名词，则要根据上下文的意思来判断要用哪一个名词的什么形式或者是否涉及固定搭配等来考虑； 2. 所给选项是形容词、副词，则要根据上下文的意思或者其在句中的作用来确定，形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词和形容词； 3.所给选项是同一动词的不同形式，则要考虑空白处要求用什么时态、语态或哪种非谓语动词形式； 4. 所给选项是不同的动词，考查的是语境中动词的用法及意义，这时要从上下文来判断或者从固定搭配方面来考虑； 5. 所给选项是连词，可以从上下文的意思、连词的用法(含义)以及习惯搭配入手进行选择，and表并列，but表转折，because, so, therefore表因果，though, although表让步； 6. 所给选项是代词，则要从上下文的指代关系以及代词的用法来考虑。 中考英语完形填空题的题型特点 完形填空是一项考查学生英语阅读理解能力和语言运用能力的综合性题型。做完形填空题对学生的要求较高，不但要有扎实的的英语基础知识，还要有较强的分析和判断能力。完形填空通常出题形式是将一篇短文按一定的间隔删掉若干词语，要求考生通过把握文章的整体意思，补全空缺部分，使其恢复原貌。具体说来，完形填空题有以下特点： 1. 完形填空题不是一般的单项选择题，它要求考生不仅能掌握词语在特定语境中的使用，而且要能理解全文、照顾文章的前后逻辑关系。 2. 完形填空题检测的面广、量大，不仅从词汇、语法方面考查，还有可能涉及到一些文化背景知识，所以一定要全面考虑。考试大 3. 一篇文章传达的是作者的观点、思想感情，做题时不能把自己观点想当然的带入，一定要从文章本身的语境去考虑。 4. 完形填空考查的体裁各不相同，有议论文、说明文、（考试大）记叙文等，考查的知识也包括很多方面，有日常生活的、社会文化的和自然科学的等，所以考生平时一定要有较强的阅读面和知识面。 5. 完形填空一般不给标题，但有主题句，主题句往往在文章的开头，有时也在中间或结尾。主题句是了解文章的“窗口”，抓住了主题句，就能更好的了解文章大意。
★2016.6.23整理 2016全国各地中考英语完型填空真题专题汇编试题（一） 温馨提示：所选择题目均有一定难度，供备考复习使用 1.（2016·苏州）The earliest maps were probably drawn in the Middle East . Some of these maps have 16 and they show us the people at that time thought the earth flat (平的) . As tim e went by , the pictures became more detailed and maps were more 17 made . Later on , ancient Greeks(希腊人) used their 18 of math and science to make maps . Greek maps tell us the Greeks knew the world was 19 . From simple pictures , mapmaking has turned into a science . Maps are made 20 surveying(勘测) land . In the 1900s , people around the world started to share information to make 21 maps . With the help of the photographs taken from the sky and space , maps are now more exactly made than ever . 22 the world is always changing , we will always need new maps . There are many types of maps , but almost all use 23 and pictures to describe what a place is like when the map is made . A map usually tells what the pictures 24 . Some maps may show the whole world . A road map will help you know the 25 from one place to another . Other maps may use pictures to show the temperature and population in different places . 16. A. disappeared B. survived C. gone D. left 17. A. slowly B. simply C. correctly D. carelessly 18. A. knowledge B. courage C. energy D. challenge 19. A. long B. small C. square D. round 20. A. into B. by C. of D. from 21. A. cleaner B. lighter C. better D. older 22. A. Though B. So C. Unless D. Since 23. A. sounds B. models C. words D. stories 24. A. stand for B. go for C. ask for D. wait for 25. A. weather B. distance C. feature D. culture 2.（2016·绍兴）When I was a child, my father had to do three jobs for a family of seven. Every time I saw him come back late, looking tired, I promised myself that somcday I would show my 16 to my father for what he had done. Over the next twenty years, my father worked hard to 17 our big family and suffered （遭受) a lot from a heart problem. One morning, my father's old car 18 and he asked me to pick him up after his medical examination. He had 19 refused when I offered to replace(取代) his old car. He said that he did not want something that he was unable to pay himself.
完形填空中考真题 VII. 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分；满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 (2019安徽)A Dear Michael, I am glad to learn that you have been chosen to study in China. Your dream has come true! I can well remember that you 46 China for the first time when you were nine. Ever since you returned, you have been interested in Chinese culture and have put a lot of 47 into learning Chinese. When you first started to learn Chinese, I 48 it was nothing but a passing fad (一时的狂热). However, you didn’t 49 halfway, but kept on learning and did a good job in the HSK (汉语水平考试). Now you finally got what you had 50 for a long time. You got the chance to 51__ life in China for one year. You should have it, my son, for chances only come to those who are 52 . When you study there, you will have to face 53 in everyday life that you have never experienced before, but after a year abroad, you will return with a new 54__ at life—and at yourself. Your mum and I are both 55__ you. Keep it up, my son! Love, Dad 46. A. built B. visited C. missed D. changed 47. A. difficulty B. success C. effort D. space 48. A. thought B. agreed C. forgot D. added 49. A. cheer up B. grow up C. turn up D. give up 50. A. written B. wanted C. toured D. paid 51. A. introduce B. experience C. respect D. imagine 52. A. prepared B. honest C. friendly D. helpful 53. A. examples B. meetings C. challenges D. dreams
中考英语完形填空试题分类汇编 一、中考英语完形填空（含答案详细解析） 1．完形填空 As a parent trainer I am now dealing with helicopter parents﹣ the ones who 1 all the difficulties and make it smooth sailing for their kids. Sometimes watching kids 2 without jumping in to fix it for them is the 3 thing parents can do. I appreciate someone who knows when it is time to let kids struggle a little 4 that's real life and Mom （or Dad）won't always be there to give help. So, let kids 5 real life and grow up by failing, keeping on trying, never giving up and sometimes 6 learning from making mistakes. 7 other words, parents have to be comfortable with the idea of allowing kids to fail as part of the learning 8 .What matters in learning? It isn't about whether or not it is perfect or correct. It matters whether or not kids have 9 to go to places, to see things, to play, to inquire and so on. That is what I think 10 should do for kids: give them time to be kids: give them chances to grow up and experience life themselves. 1. A. take away B. bring in C. put off D. give out 2. A. succeed B. study C. fail D. pray 3. A. happiest B. hardest C. easiest D. luckiest 4. A. because B. but C. so D. and 5. A. know B. learn C. get D. experience 6. A. actually B. simply C. hardly D. gradually 7. A. From B. With C. By D. In 8. A. result B. process C. goal D. cost 9. A. abilities B. money C. chances D. energy 10. A. parent trainers B. adults C. teachers D. parents 【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）D；（7）D；（8）C；（9）C；（10）D； 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了家长培训师通过培训家长该如何做才能够让 家长成为合格的父母。 （1）句意：作为一名家长培训师，我现在正在与直升机家长打交道——那些困难重重的家长，让他们的孩子一帆风顺。 take away带走, 摆脱, bring in带进来, put off脱下, give out用完, 结合后面make it smooth sailing for their kids可知：让孩子顺利航行。由此可以推断出这 里指"直升机父母"就是克服所有的困难，让孩子顺利航行的那些父母，故答案是A。 （2）句意：有时，看着孩子们不插手解决问题就失败了，这是父母能做的最困难的事情。succeed成功, study学习, fail失败, play玩耍, 根据后面without jumping in to fix it for them，可知父母不插手为他们解决问题，故答案是C。 （3）句意：有时，看着孩子们不插手解决问题就失败了，这是父母能做的最困难的事情。happiest最快乐的, hardest最难的, easiest最容易的, luckiest最幸运的, 根据上文As a parent trainer I am now dealing with helicopter parents—the ones whotake away all the difficulties and make it smooth sailing for their kids. 可知直升机父母就是克服所有的困难，让
2019全国中考英语完形填空真题选（有答案） 邓华 A. 北京
B. 广西北部湾 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。 When I was in middle school, I felt I was always letting people down. Once I brought my 41 Daisy to my home. I noticed that all my family members seemed to 42 Daisy better than me.I felt very 43. I even thought they didn’t love me. I wondered whether they would miss me if I died some day. 44 I told my mum, “Daisy is more patient than I have ever been. You must want her to be your daughter instead of me.” My mum explained that Daisy was a lovely girl, but 45 could replace(代替) me in the family. She said I was the only person who could fill my role. She made me realize that even if I made 46 , I was a beloved member of the family who could never be replaced. From then on, I tried to 47 out who I was and what made me special. I look at 48 in a new way. Then I started to be positive(积极的) towards my life, and I was happy about who I 49 was. I came to feel much better as I knew that no one could ever replace me. Each of us holds a special place in the world. You are special, no matter what others say or what you may think. So 50 that you will be replaced. You can’t be. 41. A. daughter B. son C. friend D. uncle 42. A. like B. know C. understand D. learn 43. A. lucky B. sad C. bored D. glad 44. A. But B. So C. Though D. Whether 45. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody 46. A. mistakes B. faces C. wishes D. decisions 47. A. put B. find C. look D. clear 48. A. itself B. herself C. himself D. myself