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2013年全国各地中考数学试卷分类汇编:频数与频率

2013年全国各地中考数学试卷分类汇编:频数与频率
2013年全国各地中考数学试卷分类汇编:频数与频率

频数与频率

一、选择题

1. .(2013湖南娄底,8,3分)课间休息,小亮与小明一起玩“剪刀、石头、布”的游戏,

2.(2013·聊城,10,3分)某校七年级共320名学生参加数学测试,随机抽取50名学生的成绩进行统计,其中15名学生成绩达到优秀,估计该校七年级学生在这次数学测试中达到优秀的人数大约有()

A.50人B.64人C.90人D.96人

考点:用样本估计总体.

分析:随机抽取的50名学生的成绩是一个样本,可以用这个样本的优秀率去估计总体的优秀率,从而求得该校七年级学生在这次数学测试中达到优秀的人数.

解答:解:随机抽取了50名学生的成绩进行统计,共有15名学生成绩达到优秀,∴样本优秀率为:15÷50=30%,

又∵某校七年级共320名学生参加数学测试,

∴该校七年级学生在这次数学测试中达到优秀的人数为:320×30%=96人.

点评:本题考查了用样本估计总体,这是统计的基本思想.一般来说,用样本去估计总体时,样本越具有代表性、容量越大,这时对总体的估计也就越精确.

3.(2013·泰安,7,3分)实验学校九年级一班十名同学定点投篮测试,每人投篮六次,投中的次数统计如下:5,4,3,5,5,2,5,3,4,1,则这组数据的中位数,众数分别为()

A.4,5 B.5,4 C.4,4 D.5,5

考点:众数;中位数.

分析:根据众数及中位数的定义,结合所给数据即可作出判断.

解答:解:将数据从小到大排列为:1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5,5,

点评:本题考查了众数、中位数的知识,解答本题的关键是掌握众数及中位数的定义.

4.(2013·潍坊,5,3分)在某校“我的中国梦”演讲比赛中,有9名学生参加决赛,他们决赛的最终成绩各不相同.其中的一名学生想要知道自己能否进入前5名,不仅要了解自己的成绩,还要了解这9名学生成绩的().

A.众数B.方差C.平均数D.中位数

答案:D

考点:统计量数的含义.

点评:本题要求学生结合具体情境辨析不同的集中量数各自的意义和作用,从而选择恰当的统计量为给定的题意提供所需的集中量数,进而为现实问题的解决提供理论支撑.与单纯考查统计量数的计算相比较,这样更能考查出学生对统计量数的意义的认识程度.

5.(2013·鞍山,2,2分)一组数据2,4,5,5,6的众数是()

A.2 B.4 C.5 D.6

考点:众数.

分析:根据众数的定义解答即可.

解答:解:在2,4,5,5,6中,5出现了两次,次数最多,故众数为5.故选C.

点评:此题考查了众数的概念-一组数据中,出现次数最多的数位众数,众数可以有多个.

6.(2013·鞍山,7,2分)甲、乙、丙、丁四位选手各10次射击成绩的平均数和方差如下表:

则这四人中成绩发挥最稳定的是()

A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁

考点:方差.

专题:图表型.

分析:根据方差的定义,方差越小数据越稳定.

解答:解:因为S甲2>S丁2>S丙2>S乙2,方差最小的为乙,所以本题中成绩比较稳定的是乙.故选B.

点评:本题考查方差的意义.方差是用来衡量一组数据波动大小的量,方差越大,表明这组数据偏离平均数越大,即波动越大,数据越不稳定;反之,方差越小,表明这组数据分布比较集中,各数据偏离平均数越小,即波动越小,数据越稳定.

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