十三陵的英文导游词---不是一般的费劲
THE MING TOMBS
The Ming Tombs are 40 kilometers north of Beijing City on the southern slopes of TianshouMountain. They are the burial grounds of 13 Ming Dynasty emperors. In July 2003 the site was designated a world cultural heritage site by UNESCO.
Empress Xu died in the 5th year of Yongle (1407). Zhu Di sent
Zhao Hong, secretary of the Ministry of Rites and a geomancer----Liao Junqing along with many others to Beijing in search of an auspicious place for the tombs. It is said that this group of people first selected the area of Tu Jia Ying, which means slaughter-house, and as such, it couldn't be used as the burial ground. Next they selected the foot of Yangshan Mountain, Changping. However, since the surname of the emperor (Zhu) is a homophone for pig and because a village named 'wolf mouth ravine' was located there, they decided against using that area. Later, they found Yan-jiatai west of Beijing. Again, since 'Yanjia' was the homonym of the death of the emperor, it was also deemed unsuitable. It was not until the 7th year of Yongle (1409), that they finally chose the present Heavenly Longevity Mountain as their cemetery grounds.
The whole area covers 40 square kilometers. It has mountains to its east, west and north, and Dragon Mountain and Tiger Mountain are on either side of its southern entrance. The 13 tombs go from north to south. They are arranged in the manner of the Imperial Palace, with the administration area in the front and living quarters in the rear. In front of the tombs are divine passes,
stone archways and steel towers. The Precious City and Ming Tower stand over theUnderground Palace.
There were 16 emperors during the Ming Dynasty. Buried in the Ming tombs, are 13 Ming emperors and 23 empresses, as well as many concubines,
princes, princesses and maids. The other 3 emperors, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yunwen and Zhu Qiyu are buried in other locations.
The founder of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, established his capital in present dayNanjing where he was buried after his death. His tomb is called Xiaoling (Tomb of Filial Piety).
The body of the second emperor of the Ming, Zhu Yunwen, is missing. Some said that he died in a fire, while others said that he went to a temple and became a monk. There is no final conclusion yet.
The seventh Ming Emperor Zhu Qiyu, was buried as a prince by his elder brother Zhu Qizhen at Jinshankou, a western suburb of Beijing, because in the Tumubao Upheaval, Emperor Zhu Qizhen became a captive and the younger brother of Zhu Qizhen. Zhu Qiyu was chosen as the new emperor, but later Zhu Qizhen was back and proclaimed his re-enthronement in the Seizing Gate Upheaval.
The Memorial Arch was built in the 19th year of Jiajing (1540) as a symbol of the Ming Tombs. It is 14 meters high and 28. 86 meters wide, and has 5 arches supported by 6 pillars with beautiful bas-relief carvings of lions, dragons and lotus flowers. The Memorial Arch is the biggest and the most exquisite stone arch preserved in the country today. The major designs of dragon and cloud decorations reflect the character of imperial architecture. In addition, it also demonstrates the skillful artistry of the Ming craftsmen.
The Big Palace Gate is the front gate of the Ming Tombs, and is more commonly known as Big Red Gate. Facing south, there are three arch en-trances to the gate, the main inlet to the Ming Tombs. Flanking the gate are two stone tablets, inscribed with orders for the emperor, officials and other people to dismount, before entering into the tomb area. If they did not obey, they would be punished for their disrespect. The rules governing the Ming Tombs in the Ming Dynasty, stipulate that one who sneaks into the tomb area to pick firewood and break twigs would be flogged. Those who came to fetch dirt and stone would be beheaded. Those who entered arbitrarily into the tomb area would be flogged a hundred times.
The Tablet House was built in the 10th year of Xuande (1435), and stands about 10 meters high with two tiers of eaves. A huge tablet stands in the
middle of the Tablet House. The front side bears an inscription by Emperor Renzong for Chengzu. The reverse side is a poem by Qing Emperor Qianlong recording in detail the conditions of the broken Changling, Yongling, Dingling and Xiling. On the east side is the record of expenditures for repairing the Ming Tombs by the Qing government. On the west side is an epitaph by Qing Emperor Jiaqing. It was written in the 9th year of Jiaqing (1804) describing the cause of the fall of the Ming Dynasty.
On the north side of the Tablet House, stands a group of stone carvings (36 in all). Behind the house, there are two stone pillars. Beyond the pillars are stone animals and other statues. Lions, Xie Zhi, camels, elephants, and Qi Lin horses .All of the animals are in two pairs. Two stand, while the other two kneel. It is followed by the statues of military officers, civil officials and officials of merit, four in each group. These stone animals and statues were made in the 10th year of Xuande (1435). They reflect the imperial power when he was alive and the imperial dignity after he was deceased. The animals and statues were created using whole blocks of stone weighing a couple of tons and each was delicately and masterfully carved.
Here stands Ling Xing Gate, also known as the unique Dragon and Phoenix Gate, with the meaning of the Gate of Heaven. The gate is pierced with six door leaves, attached to three archways. The top of the central section of the three archways is decorated with flames and precious pearl, so it is also known as the Flame Archway. To the north of the Dragon and Phoenix Gate there lays a seven-arch marble bridge, leading to the gate of Changling. To the east of the seven-arch bridge stands an old five-arch bridge, which was the original site of the seven-arch bridge.
Actually we are standing on the axle line of the Ming Tombs, otherwise known as theSacred Way or the Tomb path. We passed the Memorial Arch, the Big Palace Gate, the Tablet House, Sacred Way, stone animals and statues, and Ling Xing Gate. This seven-kilometer long sacred pathway leads from south to north, all the way to the Gate of Changling.
Now, we are moving to Chang Ling. Changling is the first tomb built in the Ming Tombs area, covering 10 hectares and containing Emperor Zhu Di and his empress Xu.
Zhu Di (Chengzu) of the Ming Dynasty was the fourth son of the first Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, born in 1360. Zhu Di was conferred the title of the prince of Yan in the 3rd year of Hongwu (1370). He was appointed at Beiping. After the death of Zhu Yuanzhang (the first Ming Emperor), Zhu Di used the pretext of eliminating evil officials at the side of Emperor Jianwen to lead an army expedition down south to Nanjing. He seized the throne in the 4th year of Jianwen (1402) and ascended the throne in June inside the Hall of Ancestral Worship in Nanjing.Zhu Di was an emperor of outstanding accomplishment in the Ming Dynasty. As soon as he became the prince of Yan, he led the generals out to battle. He had great achievements in calming down the north. After he took over his nephew's power and became the emperor, he still went out to battle throughout the country and consolidated the rule of the Ming Dynasty. He made the important decision to move the capital to Beijing. During the rule of Zhu Di, magnificent developments were made in the economy, culture and in diplomacy.In terms of culture, Zhu Di successively sent Grand Academician Xie Jin, Yan Guangxiao and others to compile the Yongle encyclopedia. The book has become the largest book ever complied in Chinese history. For expanding external exchanges and trade, Zhu Di selected eunuch Zheng He to lead a large fleet filled with precious gold, silver, silk and satins to sail to southeast Asia andAfrica seven times in the early years of Yongle.
Empress Xu was buried together with Emperor Zhu Di in Changling. Empress Xushi was the eldest daughter of Xu Da who was one of the founding fathers of the Ming Dynasty. Throughout her lifespan, Xu Shi complied 20 articles of internal lectures and a book advising to be good, so as to cultivate people's minds. She was the very first one to be buried in Changling and in the Ming Tomb area.
The Hall of Eminent Favor in Changling is the best preserved among the thirteen tombs. It is a valuable relic of ancient China's wooden structures. It is nine rooms wide and five rooms long, a hall size rarely seen in China.The roof is made of top-class double eaves and there are multiple rooms covered with yellow glazed tiles. The hall is supported by 60 thick Nanmu pillars, the middle four in the hall are the thickest, the diameter of each one can reach over one meter. It is known as the best Nanmu (phoebe) hall in the country.
Now we are going to Dinging. Dingling is located at the east foot
of Dayu Mountain. Buried here are the 13th Ming Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) and his two empresses Xiaoduan and Xiaojing.Zhu Yijun was the longest on the throne of the Ming Emperors. (He was emperor for 48 years). He was the greediest and laziest emperor in the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yijun ascended the throne at the age of 9. After he came to power, he was supported by the chief minister Zhang Juzheng. At this time, various aspects of society gained development.
Later ,Zhang Juzheng died of illness. Not long after Wanli managed state affairs on his own, he used the chance to select the location for his tomb site when he went to pay homage to the ancestors' tombs. He spent eight million taels of silver (250,000 kilos of silver) and six years to build a high quality tomb Dingling. After the Dingling was completed, Zhu Yijun personally went to inspect it, and felt very satisfied with the result. He went so far as to hold a grand banquet in the Underground Palace, which was unheard of in history.
Zhu Yijun was a typical muddle-headed emperor. Reflecting on his reign, he did not pay attention to state affairs for 28 out of his 48 year rule. The state organ was effectively semi-paralyzed during his reign. Later generations commented that the fall of the Ming dynasty was caused by this emperor.
Zhu Yijun had two empresses. Empress Xiaojing was originally a maid of Wanli's mother Cisheng. Later she gave birth to a son of the emperor. That son was the one-month emperor Guangzong (Zhu Changluo). She died of illness 9 years earlier than Shenzong died. She was buried as a concubine at Pinggangdi, around the east pit, at the Heavenly Longevity Mount. After Xiaojing was conferred the title of “grandmother of the emperor”, her body was moved to the Underground Palace of Dingling, and buried together with Emperor Wanli and Empress Xiaoduan on the same day.Xiaoduan was conferred the title of empress, but she could not give birth to either a son or a daughter to the emperor. Xiaoduan died of illness. A hundred days later, Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) died too.Empress Xiaoduan, Emperor Wanli, and Empress Xiaojing were buried together in the Underground Palace.
The tablet in front of Dingling has no words on it. It is called the wordless tablet. There is a pair of coiling dragons along the top and a pattern of sea waves carved on the bottom. Its base is composed of a tortoise (Bixi). It is said that the dragon has nine sons. In twelve of the Ming Tombs, excluding Changling, all the tablets are wordless.Originally there were no tablet houses in front of the Tombs, but later the tablet houses and steeles of the first six tombs were completed. But the emperor Jiajing at the time indulged in drinking, lust and searching for longevity pills, so he had no time to pay attention on the inscriptions. Consequently the six tablets are wordless. And in keeping with this tradition, that’s why the tablets later on are also blank.
Now we are arriving at The Gate of Eminent Favor and the Hall of Eminent Favor of Dingling, The Hall of Eminent Favor is also called Hall of Enjoyment. It was the place where the emperor and his entourage held grand sacrificial rites. They were mostly destroyed when the Qing soldiers came. And they were destroyed again later, so now only the ruins remain.
Moving on, this is the exhibition rooms that were built after the excavation of the Underground Palace. The exhibition explains in detail the history of the tomb master and introduces the tomb excavation process. The exhibition
rooms are divided into two parts, the south and the north. In the south room, on display are the sacrificial objects of Emperor Wanli unearthed from
the Underground Palace. In the north room, on display are the sacrificial items of the two empresses. All of then are fancy and invaluable.
Now we arrive at The Soul Tower, this is the symbol of the tomb. It is a stone structure with colorful painted decorations. The Soul Tower and the Pre-cious citadel of Dingling have never been damaged seriously. The Soul Tower is the best preserved architecture above the ground of Dingling. On top of the yellow, glazed tiled roof of the Soul Tower sits a big stone tablet. Two Chinese characters----Dingling, are carved on the tablet. Inside the Soul Tower, on top of another stone tablet, there are two big characters----'the Great Ming' written in seal characters. On the body of the tablet, seven Chinese characters-----'Tomb of Emperor Shenzong Xian' are carved.The Soul Tower is connected with the Precious Citadel. The Precious Citadel is a large round wall built with bricks. The Precious Citadel wall is 7.5 m high, and lower part is thick while the upper part is thin. The round wall's perimeter is over 800 meters, and inside the wall is a large artificial mound, the emperor's tomb mound, known as Precious Top.
Dingling is the only Ming Tomb to be excavated. Formal excavation work started in May 1956 and ended in 1958. First, the working personnel discovered an exposed gateway at the side wall to the southwest of the Precious Citadel of Dingling. So they dug the first tunnel facing the position of the gateway. At the bottom of the tunnel, they discovered a tunnel made of bricks. Three months later, along the direction of the tunnel, to the west of the Soul Tower, they dug the second tunnel. During the digging, they encountered with a stone tablet which inscribed the words ' from here 48. 8m forward and 10. 7m downward lies the precious wall'. Therefore it gave the correct direction of opening up the Underground Palace.
According to the direction of the stone tablet, after digging the third tunnel, they found a stone tunnel. At last they got to the precious wall. Thus they opened the precious wall with a square stone room. To the west end of the room, lay two marble doors. The working personnel used a wire and wood plank to remove the ' self-acting' stone bar, which was against the back of the door. With this method, they opened the entrance of the Underground Palace.
The palace has no beam which was built according to the principles of geomancy Altogether there are five chambers. The chambers are separated by seven marble doors. TheUnderground Palace is 27 meters deep, covering an area of 1,195 square meters. There is a same structure stone door in be-tween the front, middle and rear chambers. The door is made of marble. The biggest marble door is 3. 3 meters high, 1.7 meters wide, 4 tons in weight. It looks heavy, but it is reasonably designed. The pivot of the stone door is inclined to the door axle, so the door is easy to open and close. On top of the door is a lintel (made of bronze) tube weighing about 10 tons to prevent the
door from falling. Carved on the front of the marble door are 9 rows of 81 knobs and strange animals with rings in their mouths. Located on the reverse side, opposite the animals, is a protruding section that holds the door's 'self-acting' stone bar.
The front and middle chambers are 7. 2 meters high and 6 meters wide. The floor is covered with gold bricks. According to records, the gold bricks are smooth and durable. The more you polish them, the brighter they become. There are no decorations in the front and two annex chambers. In the middle chamber, there are three marble thrones for Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses, known as the precious thrones. In the front of the thrones, there are five yellow glazed offerings and one blue-and-white porcelain jar of Jiajing Year's style with a cloud-and-dragon design.It is about 0.7 meters in diameter. Originally there was sesame oil in the jar. On the surface of the oil was a copper tube with a wick inside. It is called the 'everlasting lamp'. Due to the lack of oxygen, the light went out so the oil had not been used all.
The rear chamber is the biggest of the three. It is 9.5 meters high, 31 meters long, 9.lmeters wide, the floor is paved with polished stones. In the rear chamber, there is a coffin platform edged with white marble. Placed on the platform are the coffins of Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses as well as 26 vermilion boxes filled with funeral objects.
In the middle of the coffin platform, there is a rectangular hole filled with soil called Gold Well. Putting jade stone around the coffin or inside the coffin or in the mouth of the deceased is called being ' buried with jade. ' Ancient people believed Gold Well was the pit of geomancy. It could prevent the body from decay for a long time. Being 'buried with jade' on a Gold Well was the highest standard of entombment one could receive in the feudal era.
Originally the empress's coffin should have been placed in the rear chamber. Then why were the coffins of the two empresses also in the same chamber as the emperor's? In 1620, first empress Xiaoduan died in April, then in July Emperor Wanli also died. After that, the son of Zhu Changluo died 29 days after his succession. In only a few months, two emperors and one empress had died in succession. In addition they had removed Empress Xiaojing's coffin to Dingling. All the burdens of the funeral burials fell on the just enthroned Emperor Zhu Youjian. The preparation work was done in a hurried fashion (this was clearly recorded in historical documents). The rainy season had already arrived before the funeral could occur and the passage leading to the empress' annex chamber may not have been convenient to open. So the coffins of the emperor, empresses all entered the Underground Palace through the front entrance. After the coffins entered the Underground Palace, since the passage to the annex chambers were narrow, the coffins of the empresses would not fit through it. So they had to put all the three coffins together into the rear chamber.
Now please follow me out of the underground palace. And our tour for today is completed. I hope you have found our time together informative and
enjoyable. We now have half an hour for a rest, and then we will get together here at 4:00pm. Thank you.
Construit au moment de l’histoire prospère des jardins chinois, le Palais d’Eté demeure un grand jardin impérial bien préservé qui possède une énorme valeur culturelle. Sous la dynastie des Qing, il servait à l’empereur et à ses concubines de lieux d’habitation et de loisir. Il fut aussi un endroit où l’empereur s’occupait des affaires d’Etat. La construction du Palais d’Eté commença en 1750. Il fut détruit en 1860 par les troupes franco-anglaises et reconstruit en 1888. En 1900, l’armée coalisée des huit puissances envahit Beijing et le Palais d’Eté souffrit encore une fois de graves déprédations. C’est en 1903 qu’il fut restauré. La pagode du Parfum du Bouddha, la Longue Galerie couverte, le Bateau en marbre, la rue Suzhoujie, le jardin de L’Harmonie, tous sont des chefs-d’oeuvre de l’art architectural. Les construtions et les paysages du Palais d’Eté concrétisent les caractéristiques traditionnelles de l’art des jardins. A la beauté naturelle se mêle la beautéartificielle : le Palais d’Eté devient un immense rouleau de peinture de paysage. Le Palais d’Eté couvre une superficie de 290 ha dont les lacs occupent les trois quarts . Sur le lac Kunming, près du pont à dix-sept arches, les bâteaux construits à l’exemple des navires impériaux d’antant sont réservés aux touristes pour qu’ils puissent faire une promenade sur le lac Kunming. Dans le Palais d’Eté le restaurant Tingliguan est connu pour sa cuisine de Cour et son ambiance de culture impériale. https://www.doczj.com/doc/c613975684.html, Sur la digue ouest, on peut pêcher à la ligne pour se distraire. Il y a aussi des magasins de souvenirs et d’objets d’artisanat. La lamaserie Yonghe
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！ == 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ == 天津俄语导游词 用俄语怎么介绍天津呢，大家了解过天津俄语导游词怎么写吗?下面小编为大家介绍天津俄语导游词，希望能帮到大家! городтяньцзинь Сокращение: Цзинь /津/ Площадь: более 11000 кв. км Население: 9.27 млн. человек Расположение: Всеверо-восточной частиСеверо-Китайскойравнины Тяньцзинь–этоодиниз 4-хгородов центральногоподчинениявКитае, а такжеодинизкрупнейшихгородов страны. Городнаходитсянапобережье заливаБохай, ассеверарасположены горыЯньшань. Тяньцзиньнаходитсяв 120 кмот Пекина. Этоважнейшийпромышленныйи экономическийцентр. Здесь расположенкрупнейшийморскойпорт страны. Уэтогоизвестногогородадлинная история. Сначалапроведенияреформиполитикиоткрытостибылидостигнуты огромныеуспехивразвитии городскогостроительстваитуризма. ВгородвключенуездЦзисяньирайон Тангу. Ранееуездмуниципалитета Тяньцзинь, Уцинсталоднимизрайоновгорода. Виюне 201X года
旅游西班牙语教材 LECCIóN 1西班牙语导游词PALABRAS DE BIENVENIDA En nombre de nuestra agencia turística les expreso la bienvenida a China y a Beijing. Me llamo Ali, soy su guía-intérprete. Les acompa?aré durante 4 días de su viaje. Esta es se?orita Liu, quien les acompa?a durante todo su recorrido por China. Este joven es se?or Yan, nuestro chofer. Haremos todo lo possible para que su visita a Beijing sea agradable, cualquier inquietud o deseo que tengan díganmelas y trataré de solucionarselas lo más pronto possible. Ahora nos vamos al Hotel Gran Muralla, donde nos alojaremos. Es un hotel de cinco estrellas, que está a 50 kilometros de aquí. Nos tardaremos 30 minutos en llegar. Por el camino, permítenme presentar les algo sobre Beijing. Beijing es la capital de República Popular China, la sede del Comité Central del Partido Comunista de China y la del Gobierno Popular Central de China. Es el centro político, económico, cultural y de comunicaciones del país, así como el de intercambios internacionales. La ciudad se halla en la parte septentrional del Norte de China, ocupando una superficie de 16.800 kilómetros cuadrados
灵谷寺 A 注：内容要点按视频播放顺序排列，总时长为11分30秒。
（一）灵谷寺导游词A 【景点概况】1分钟 1、灵谷寺的历史沿革 2、御赐“天下第一禅林” 3、“国民革命阵亡将士公墓”的由来 各位游客，我们现在就来到了灵谷寺，灵谷寺的原址位于现在的明孝陵所在地。它始建于南朝梁天监十五年（515年），梁武帝女儿永定公主为高僧宝志建五层琉璃珠宝塔，称“志公塔”，其后不久改为开善寺。南朝时期叫“开善道场”，唐代称为“宝公院”，明初称为蒋山寺。朱元璋为建明孝陵，降旨迁寺。建成后，朱元璋亲自赐名为“灵谷禅寺”，书写“天下第一禅林”匾额悬于寺门。当时寺僧千余名，占地500余亩，可谓盛极一时。灵谷寺建成后，遭到了数次较大的破坏。1928年，当时的灵谷寺已变得面目全非。北伐胜利后为纪念牺牲的将士，选定灵谷寺旧址建阵亡将士公墓。新中国成立后，改名灵谷公园。 【万工池、文武方门、大仁大义坊】2分钟 1、万工池名称及其由来 现在，我们来到了灵谷寺的入口。前方一泓月牙池，叫放生池。初建时，朱元璋曾前来巡视，他觉得这块地方太空旷，缺少景致，便派了万名军工挖成这座水池，挖出的土堆在池南，成为一座小丘，故又名万工池。 2、文武方门的建筑特点、门匾及题者、门前石狮的由来 万工池北侧是灵谷寺的山门，也就是灵谷公园的大门，叫文武方门。因为外墙为红色，所以又称红山门。它的原址是灵谷寺的金刚殿，30年代建公墓时改建。红山门为仿古建筑，顶覆绿色琉璃瓦，蓝色的瓦当都是特制的，饰有国民党党徽图案。下辟三个拱门，至今保持着30年代原貌。门额原是蒋介石手书的“国民革命军阵亡将士公墓”，现改为了“灵谷胜境”四字，由现代书法家钱松喦先生书写。门外一对石狮，是北平军分会赠送的，原是肃顺墓遗物。 3、大仁大义坊的建筑特点、正面和背面的匾额、貔貅的作用和来历 步入山门，走过青石甬道，42级石阶之上矗立着一座高大的阵亡将士牌坊。牌坊由钢筋混凝土构筑，顶覆绿琉璃瓦，瓦当都是国民党党徽图案。五间坊门的上端石坊上都嵌有瓷质国民党党徽，中间夹枋上刻有四朵梅花图案，正面梅花中间写有“大仁大义”四字，背面是“救国救民”，都是国民党元老张静江书写。牌坊前石台上立有一对汉白玉雕刻的貔貅。貔貅是古代传说中的神兽，异常凶猛，每至阵前，一往无前，所向披靡，此物放在这里象征阵亡将士的忠勇威武，是陆军第十七军所赠。 【无梁殿】2分30秒 1、建造时间、规模和特色 各位游客，前方一座巍峨的殿宇就是闻名中外的无梁殿，它是明代灵谷寺唯一保存下来的建筑，距今已有600多年的历史，是我国四大无梁殿中历史最悠久、规模最宏大的一座。因全部砖石拱券结构，不用梁木，故称无梁殿。又因殿内原供奉无量寿佛，也称无量殿。殿东西长54米，南北进深38米，高22米，重檐九脊，上盖灰黑色筒瓦，正脊上竖有三个琉璃喇嘛塔。殿内是砖砌的券洞，五间三进。 2、内部陈设：中拱佛台、四壁所嵌110块青石碑及辛亥革命名人蜡像的内容 现在我们进入殿内参观，正中原供奉无量寿佛居中的西方三圣，顶上有一亮孔。此设计的初衷一方面是造成顶上佛光的效果，一方面是用于通风采光。造公墓时，请走佛像，代以石碑。正中由张静江书写“国民革命军阵亡将士之灵位”石碑，左边为“国歌”碑，右边为“国父遗嘱”碑。四周墙壁嵌有110块青石碑，镌刻北伐阵亡将士姓名。采用“代表葬”的
十三陵定陵导游词文档4篇Guide words of the Ming Tombs 编订：JinTai College
十三陵定陵导游词文档4篇 前言：导游词是导游人员引导游客观光游览时的讲解词，是导游员同游客交流思想，向游客传播文化知识的工具，也是应用写作研究的文体之一。本文档根据导游词内容要求和针对旅游地点是北京的特点展开说明，具有实践指导意义，便于学习和使用，本文下载后内容可随意调整修改及打印。 本文简要目录如下：【下载该文档后使用Word打开，按住键盘Ctrl键且鼠标单击目录内容即可跳转到对应篇章】 1、篇章1：十三陵定陵导游词文档 2、篇章2：十三陵定陵导游词文档 3、篇章3：十三陵定陵导游词文档 4、篇章4：十三陵的导游词文档 明十三陵是世界文化遗产，是我国重点风景名胜区，定陵是以明十三陵中所营建的第十座陵墓而建的遗址博物馆。下面是小泰为大家分享的十三陵定陵导游词，仅供参考! 篇章1:十三陵定陵导游词文档 明十三陵定陵位于北京市昌平县境内天寿山南麓，定陵是以明十三陵中所营建的第十座陵墓而建的遗址博物馆。明十
三陵是明朝自迁都北京后，定陵十三位故去皇帝的埋葬之处。十三座陵寝构成的皇陵建筑群均依山为陵，规模宏大、气势磅薄。明十三陵从明朝永乐七年（1420xx年）营建长陵始建， 到清朝顺治初年营建思陵时止，筑陵时间长达二百余年。各陵名称以营建的顺序依次为长陵、献陵、景陵、裕陵、茂陵、泰陵、康陵、永陵、昭陵、定陵、庆陵、德陵、思陵。 定陵是万历皇帝朱翊钧和他的两皇后的陵墓。建于1584 到1590年，占地面积18万平方米。明楼檐下石榜刻有“定陵”二字，四角及台阶都用巨石拼砌而成。明楼内石碑上刻有“大明”和“神宗显皇帝之陵”。明楼的正后部是陵墓的主体——地宫。 定陵地宫是目前十三陵中唯一被开发的地下宫殿，是中 华人民共和国成立后第一座有计划发掘的帝王陵墓。地宫共 出土各类文物3000多件，其中有四件国宝：金冠、凤冠、夜 明珠和明三彩。 定陵的地宫全部用石砌成，多为青石，面积为1195平方米。内无梁架，为石拱券，相当高大。地宫中有7座4吨重的汉白玉石门，设计巧妙，开闭灵活。地宫中又分为正殿、配殿、前殿，和地上建筑完全一样。中殿原状陈列着祭器，那里三个汉白玉石座，座前各有一套黄色琉璃五供和一个青花大瓷缸，
2019年广东导游词3篇-word范文 本文部分内容来自网络，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将予以删除！ == 本文为word格式，下载后可随意编辑修改！ == 广东导游词3篇 本文目录 1.广东导游词 2.广东韶关丹霞山导游词 3.广东增城金坑森林公园导游词 各位团友，欢迎大家来到东莞旅游。到我们东莞来第一件需要注意的就是我们这个市名的发音，好多以前来的朋友都给念成"东碗"，只因为有个成语叫莞尔一笑。您倒是笑得开心了，咱东莞人民可不答应了，怎么变成一只碗了?东莞这里只因为盛产一种水草叫莞草，它的发音是"管"，这里又在广州的东边，所以慢慢的就有了东莞这个名。 有人可能要问了，莞草有什么用处?这莞草在过去用处可大啦，广东天气热，过去的老广东人一年四季床上都辅着席子，席子是什么编成的?就是这莞草了!而且当时还大宗地出口到香港和东南亚，因为那里的天气也都很热嘛!过去广东的学生到北京读书，人人都不带褥子而是带条席子去，大冬天床板上只辅着一条席，校领导检查学生宿舍时一看就差点落泪，赶紧叫学生处补助他一床褥子，结果过几天去一看，褥子是辅上了，但上面还辅着一条席子，真是拿他们没办法，这就是我们莞草席的巨大吸引啦!不过现在的莞草业惨啦，因为人们的生活水平提高，家家装上了空调，结果害得这个行业就此寿终正寝，如今在东莞要看莞草席要到博物馆里去看啦! 好，现在我们的车来到了东莞市的市中心，大家看到前面那个有点象天安门一样的古城楼了吗?那就是我们东莞过去的西城门，是明朝时候建的。有游客惊讶了，原来东莞的历史还挺长嘛，其实东莞的历史比这长得多啦，最早在秦始皇那会就已在东莞这里设了官府啦，三国时候设了东莞郡，东晋的时候设东
关于灵谷寺导游词大全 各位游客，我们现在前往南京东郊三大景区之一的灵谷寺游览。车行下坡，我们看到一处面积不大的湖面，水平如镜，山光树影，十分缓丽。湖边一座临水而建乳白色琉璃瓦覆盖的卷棚歇山顶的开敞建筑叫流徽榭，是１９３７年中央陆军军官学校捐资建造的，用以纪念军校创始人孙中山先生。由黄埔一期学员，后成为开国元勋之一的徐向前元帅题写“流徽榭”楷书匾额。再向前，绕过灵响亭即到了灵谷寺大门万工池停车场。我在门口广场向大家介绍一下灵谷寺的历史概况。 明朝初年，钟山西侧的蒋山寺搬迁至此，改名为灵谷寺。它最早建于南朝梁天监十五年（５１５年）。梁武帝女儿永定公主在高僧宝志（济公原型）圆寂后，于此建五层琉璃珠宝塔，第二年武帝扩建造寺，名开善寺，为南朝四百八十寺中卓有声名的大寺。朱元璋在南京建立大明王朝，选中寺址为陵寝吉地，并利用皇上权威迫其二次搬迁，于１３８１年（洪武十四年）在现址复建。这位和尚出身的太祖皇帝，为避迁寺建陵不敬之口实，亲自赐名为“灵谷禅寺”，书写“天下第一禅林”匾额悬于寺门。当初养寺僧千余名，下辖１２座佛寺，包括栖霞寺、定林寺等大寺庙，占地５００余亩，拥有庙产三万四千多亩土地山林，可谓盛极一时，名噪佛界。数百年间，屡有修茸，景况不衰，康熙南巡，游寺题联，韩隆驻辟，作诗赐宝。可惜到了太平天国时期，清军镇压太平军，在此几次摆开战场，巍峨殿宇，付之一炬，仅剩下烧不掉的无梁殿。太平天国失败后，两江总督曾国藩虽重建少部分建筑，但也绝非前貌了。 １９２８年北伐胜利后，南京国民政府为纪念北伐牺牲的将士，选定灵谷寺旧址建阵亡将士公墓，在原寺庙布局上略加改造形成公墓格局，中轴线上为第一公墓，两翼距中轴３００米分别建第二、第三公墓，建门、树坊，改造无量殿，兴建纪念馆、纪念塔，成为民国时期一处重要的中山陵园附属纪念区。这里安葬了数以千计的国民党部队官兵的遗骸，每逢纪念日都有祭祀活动。 新中国成立后，改名灵谷公园，栽植树木花草，维护旧观，继续开放游览。现第一公墓改为草坪，第二公墓修建了邓演达烈士墓，第三公墓培育成茂密的树林。尽管这里是寺庙、公墓、公园的混合体，但人们还是把这一带称为灵谷寺，可见灵谷二字的魅力。它是朱元璋亲自命名，来历有多种说法，但都为山有灵气，谷有合水之意。 各位朋友，我们面前的半圆形面积数亩的水池，叫万工池，也叫放生池。相传朱元璋见这里有景无水，命一万军工筑池，栽植白莲。应该说，寺前放生池也是一般寺庙的传统布局，搬来皇上，实为景点增色吧。池的西端不远有一小石桥，叫迎驾桥，传说是众僧迎接乾隆圣驾的地方。 广场北面有一座大门，绿色琉璃瓦虎殿顶，下辟三个拱门，花岗岩基座。这种门的形式稳重气派，用的是皇家规格。原来门额上是蒋介石手题“国民革命军阵亡将士公墓”，现改为著名书画家钱松岩先生书写的“灵谷胜境”。门外一对石狮是建造公墓时北平军分会所赠。门墙为红色，故名红山门。红墙左
八达岭长城导游词 各位游客，现在我们的汽车正行驶在八达岭高速公路上，马上就要参观的八达岭景区。前面的那座山就是军都山，八达岭长城就盘踞在这座山上。在春秋战国时期，我国古代人民就已经开始修建长城了，那个时候诸侯争霸，为了保护自己的领地不被侵犯，所以在各自的边界上纷纷修筑了长城，叫做互防长城。 而我国曾经出现了三个修筑长城的高峰，分别是秦长城，汉长城，明长城。秦始皇在公元前221年统一中原，建立了秦王朝，为了加强统治，防御北方游牧民族的入侵，所以派大将蒙恬30万军队和很多劳力将原来北方的燕、赵、秦长城连了起来，并加以扩充，历时9年修筑了一条西起临洮东到辽东绵延万里的长城，这也就是中国历史上第一道万里长城。到了汉朝，汉武帝也是为了加强防御，“不叫胡马度阴山”，修筑了一条近两万里的长城，同时这也保护了新开发的丝绸之路，汉长城是秦长城的一道前沿阵地和防线，它西起新疆，东到辽东，是中国历史上修筑长城最长的朝代。而明长城则是中国历史上修筑长城的最高峰，工程之大，技术之精是独一无二的。当年朱元璋在统一全国建立明王朝的过程中，采纳了“高筑墙，广积粮，缓称王”的建议。当时元朝虽然已经灭亡，但是还保持着比较完整的军事实力，加上逐渐崛起的女真族的不断侵扰，所以开始修筑长城。明朝大规模修筑长城达到了18次之多，到了明朝末年才基本完工，东起辽宁丹东鸭绿江边的虎山，西到甘肃嘉峪关的明长城全长6350公里。明长城具备三个特点，筑构完备，管理完善，布局严密。而我们今天所看到的八达岭长城就是明长城的一部分。而长城在我国古代最原始的目的虽然是防御，但是它同时还起到了其他的作用。第一就是军事作用，第二则是经济作用，它不仅促进了屯田的开发和北疆经济的发展，而且也是中原的百姓安居乐业，第三是促进了各民族的融合。此外，它还保护了通讯和促进了对外开放。值得一提的是，在我国古代，不仅仅只有这三次修筑长城的经历，据统计，在上下两千年里，先后有20多个诸侯国和封建王朝都修建过长城，有人做过粗略的计算，如果将长城改建成一道高5米，厚1米的大墙，绕地球10圈儿多都有富裕。著名的民间传说：烽火戏诸侯和孟姜女哭长城也是发生在万里长城上的。如今，长城在经过几次修整之后，基本恢复了以往的面貌，在1987年被联合国教科文组织列入《世界文化遗产名录》，而且它还是当今世界上最长的防御性城墙！遍布了我国16个地区，全长达到了10。8万里。 刚才我们所经过的路，就位于关沟中。关沟是燕山山脉和军都山山脉的交会处，南起昌平区南口镇，西北到延庆县八达岭长城的城关，全长40里。是中原地区通往西北高原的咽喉要道。明代在这里布置了四道防线，分别是南口关，居庸关，上关，八达岭。在关沟中的叠翠山上，曾有金代著名的燕京八景之一：居庸叠翠，可惜现在景观已经不复存在了。 刚才我们所看到的那条铁路就是由我们中国人自己设计建造的第一条铁路，由詹天佑设计的京张铁路。因为八达岭地区地势复杂，技术难点很多，所以詹天佑所设计的人字型铁路，成功解决了火车不能直接爬坡和转弯的难题，而打通长达1091米的隧道也令中外人士叹服。现在在青龙桥火车站树立的铜像就是詹天佑的，还有纪念碑。 关沟因为居庸关而著名，我们可以看到前面宏伟的建筑就是居庸关，它的名字起源于秦朝，以秦始皇迁徙“庸徒”在这里居住所以得名。在关内，有一个著名的汉白玉石台，就是云台。它是元代的一坐过街塔，上边原来有三座藏式佛塔，在后来的地震中毁坏了。明代又在原处]建立了泰安寺，而在康熙年间又被毁了，只留下现在我们所看到的柱础和望柱。云台的面积有310平方米台下的券门上刻有狮、象、四不象、金翅鸟等浮雕，分别代表了佛教密宗五方五佛的座骑，还有天龙八部护法天神的浮雕。内壁上还有四大天王浮雕和神兽图案，券顶上还布满了曼陀罗的图样，花中刻有佛像，共2215尊。还有六种文字镌刻的《陀罗尼经咒》和《造塔功德记》，这些都是元代的艺术精品，具有很高的艺术价值。 八达岭长城是明长城中的杰出代表，因为这里四通八达，故成为八达岭。可能大家会问，为什么要讲长城修筑在这里？其实这主要是因为八达岭地区重要的地理位置。它不仅守卫着明皇陵，而且也
——Сегодня в первой половине для у нас свободное время.Мы хотели бы с вами составить экскурсионную программу. ——今天上午我们有空闲时间，我们想和你们制订一个游览计划。 ——С удовольствием. ——好极了。 ——Пекин--это очень древний и красивый город.В нем много достопримечательностей.За один такой город осмотреть，конечно ，не успеем.Мы выберем несколько мест для осмотра. ——北京是座非常古老而美丽的城市，有很多名胜古迹。要游览这么大的城市，一天时间当然不够。我们将选择几个地方看看。 ——Ничего не поделаешь，времени у нас очень мало.Какой марурут вы нам предлагаете？ ——毫无办法，时间太少了。您看我们选择什么路线好？ ——Если вы не против，мы могли бы вам предложить музей Гугун，храм Юнхэгун. ——如果你们同意，我们建议你们去参观故宫和雍和宫？ ——Прекрасно!Это наша давнишняя мечта. ——好极了，这是我们盼望已久的愿望。 ——Мы поможем вам познакомиться с этими достопримечательностями и постараемся ответить на интересующие вас вопросы. ——我们可以向你们介绍这些名胜古迹，回答你们所感兴趣的问题。——Большое спасибо! ——非常感谢！ ——Это музей Гугун.Гугун--это зимний дворец китайских императоров.Здесь был императорский дворец и резиденция двадцати четырех императоров Минско и Цинской династий. ——这是故宫博物馆。故宫是中国皇帝的冬宫。这里曾是皇宫，是明清两代24个皇帝的驻地。 ——Расскажите об этом дворце，пожалуйста.
风景明珠崀山 （西班牙语） 各位朋友： Queridos amigos： 大家好！欢迎来国家地质公园、国家风景名胜区崀山观光旅游。 ?Hola! ?Cómo están? Bienvenido a Liangshan, un parque geológico nacional y lugar pintoresco de China. 崀山位于湘西南边陲的新宁县境内。相传舜帝南巡途经新宁，看到这秀美的奇山秀水，驻足赞叹：“此山良好，可谓崀山。”莨山由此得名。 Liangshan es situada en el distrito Xin′ning en el Suroeste de la provincia de Hunan. Se dice que cuando Emperador Shundi inspeccionó el Sur de China pasando por Xin′ning, él paró y alabó a la vista del paisaje pintoresco, “Esto es una buena colina y la llamaremos Langshan.” La co lina así consiguió su nombre. 崀山在数千万年前是一片内陆湖。由于地壳的变动，内陆湖底突出，从而形成了现在的红色砂粒岩结构的丹霞地貌。其丹霞地貌的形态和规模在全国同类地貌之中均达到极限。
Langshan es tipica topografía de Danxia. Hace unas decenas de millones de a?os, élla fue un lago continental. El movimiento cortical llevó al fondo del lago que se eleva. Por lo tanto, la topografía de Danxia presente con la estructura del conglomerado cubierta de arena roja ha formada. La forma y la dimensión de la topografía de Danxia aquí han alcanzada el punto culminante de las topografías parecidas en China. 各位朋友，现在来到了牛鼻寨景区。为什么叫牛鼻寨？原来在东面那块大石的右侧可以看到许许多多成对出现的“牛鼻孔”，当地老百姓称为牛鼻山。后来因农民领袖雷再浩、李源发先后在这里聚众起义，太平天国翼王石达开在这里屯兵扎寨而改称为牛鼻寨。 Amigos, aquí está la Fortaleza de Nariz de Toro. ?Por quéesta colina tiene este nombre? Miren, porque pueden ver muchos hoyos por parejas a la derecha de la roca en el este. La gente del lugar le llamaron la Colina de Nariz de Toro. Más tarde, Lei Zaihao y Li Yuanfa, comenzaron las insurrecciónes campesinas aquí, y también, Shi Dakai, un jefe de la Revolución Taiping, acantonaron una fuerza militar aquí, la Colina de Nariz de Toto así que fue cambiado en la Fortaleza de Nariz de Toro 眼前大家看到的“天下第一巷”几个大字是丹霞地貌命名者、著名地质学家、中科院院士陈国达教授1993年来崀
灵谷寺导游词最新范文 灵谷寺位于南京市玄武区紫金山东南坡下，中山陵以东约1.5千米处，始建于天监十三年(514年)，是南朝梁武帝为纪念著名僧人宝志禅师而兴建的“开善精舍”，初名开善寺。以下是为大家的灵谷寺导游词最新范文，供大家参考学习。 各位游客朋友，现在我们参观的是灵谷景区。 灵谷景区位于钟山东麓，面积约 2000多亩，这里是六朝名胜荟萃之地，明太祖朱元璋建明孝陵时，将原位于钟山西麓的六朝名刹开善寺迁到这里，更名灵谷寺，当时号称“天下第一禅林”。到了民国时期，1928年国名政府为了纪念在北伐战争中牺牲的数万将士，又在灵谷寺旧址修建了国民革命军阵亡将士公墓。由于 ___原因，人们仍通称这一片风景区为灵谷寺。这里古木参天，曲径通幽，古称“灵谷深松”，为金陵四十八景之一。众多名胜古迹隐约其间，有无梁殿、松风阁、灵谷塔、志公殿、三绝碑等，名人墓葬有邓演达墓、谭延闿墓等。这些人文建筑和山水胜景，掩映于郁葱深秀的林海之中，每至深秋，叶红如火，色彩斑斓，桂花飘香，景色十分迷人。灵谷景区鲜明体现出了六朝文化、明代文化、民国文化、生态文化的特点，是游人们品味历史、赏桂休闲的好去处。
各位游客朋友，我们钟山风景区以山闻名，又以森林公园著称， xx 年3月1日被国家林业局正式命名为“国家森林公园”。钟山总面积为4万5千多亩，其中森林面积3.2万亩，总覆盖率达72%，在全市绿化体系中覆盖全市总面积的15.6%，是国内外少见的城市森林公园。紫金山犹如一台巨大的空气滤清器，据专业人士测算，各类绿色植物每年吸收二氧化碳达440万吨，释放氧气达380万吨，可供1300多万人呼吸所用，如果平摊到每个南京市民，每人每天可从中获得氧气超过4公斤。按国际环境生态效益计算方法计算，每年产生生态效益达13亿元。总之，钟山是一座令人神往的森林公园。只要你走进了它，就如同进入了“天然氧吧”。特别是灵谷景区，近年规划建成了万株桂园，其中桂花专类园达 1700亩，共有桂花18000株。专类园设计风格独特，布局自然清幽，秀木佳林，郁郁苍苍，令游客神往不已。 灵谷寺工程始于洪武十四年 (1381年)九月，第二年六月告竣。以后又陆续增建了一些殿宇。寺成后，明太祖赐名为“灵谷禅寺”，并题书了“第一禅林”四个字，刻碑悬于寺门。 关于灵谷寺名称的来由，明太祖在灵谷寺新建时写的《游新庵记》一文中说：“钟山之阳有谷，谷有灵泉曰八功德水。”他在《御制大灵谷寺记》中又说，灵谷寺的地形是“左群山右峻岭”间的一片谷地。可见“灵谷”二字的含义，“灵”是指当地一股被认为有灵
精选5篇北京明十三陵导游词 明十三陵坐落于北京市昌平区天寿山麓，总面积一百二十余平方公里，距离天安门约五十公里。十三陵地处东、西、北三面环山的小盆地之中，陵区周围群山环抱，中部为平原，陵前有小河曲折蜿蜒。自永乐七年(1409)五月始作长陵，到明朝最后一帝崇祯葬入思陵止，其间230多年，先后修建了十三座皇帝陵墓、七座妃子墓、一座太监墓。共埋葬了十三位皇帝、二十三位皇后、二位太子、三十余名妃嫔、两位太监。截止20xx年，已开放景点有长陵、定陵、昭陵、神路。下面是小编收集整理的精选5篇北京明十三陵导游词范文，欢迎借鉴参考。 精选5篇北京明十三陵导游词(一) 现在大家已经来到了北京的远郊昌平区，那即将进入的就是十三陵景区。利用这段时间，我来给大家讲解一下十三陵的历史背景和说明。明朝永乐皇帝朱棣在1420xx年派了一些风水术士到北京选择“吉壤”，其实就是吉祥的土地，准备修建陵寝。当时这些人找了很多地方，但是都不成功，开始他们选在了口外的屠家营，可是皇帝姓朱，与猪同音，犯了地讳。然后又选在了昌平西南的羊山脚下，可是后面有个村子叫“狼口峪”，这样岂不是更危险!后来选过京西的“燕家台”，有与“宴驾”同音，太不吉利了。最后直到明永乐七年，才选定了现在的这片天寿山陵区，在周围有蟒山，虎峪，龙山和天寿山。这里正符合了阴阳五行中四方之神的所在位置，就是东青龙，西白虎，南朱雀，北玄武，还有温榆河经过这里，真可以说是风水宝地。
从此可见当时皇帝要为自己修建一个陵寝要耗费多少精力啊。随后，就开始修建了长陵，经过四年终于竣工了。那明朝历代的皇帝，也陆续在这里修建了陵寝。而且从1409修建长陵一直到1644年明王朝灭亡，这200多年间，明十三陵的营建工程从来没有间断过。在这方圆40平方公里的范围，埋葬了明代十三位皇帝，二十三位皇后，还有许多的妃子，太子等等。可是这里也没能够完整的保留下来，在清兵入关以后，为了报复金人将清太祖的祖坟毁掉，所以就将这里烧了。后来在乾隆五十年的时候，为了笼络汉人，就下令修缮陵区。在新中国成立以后，对这里进行了大规模的开发，并且开放了的长陵、定陵和昭陵，其中定陵的地宫已经被发掘了。现在这里已经成为了全国重点风景名胜区，是世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群。 现在大家可能在想：明朝不是有十六个皇帝么?怎么在这里只有十三个皇帝的陵寝?其实原因很简单，明太祖朱元璋因为建都南京，所以他的陵墓当然就在南京啦，也就是明孝陵;而明朝第二个皇帝建文帝，因为被朱棣夺取了皇位，尸骨下落不明，所以这里就没有他的陵墓;在明朝第七代皇帝英宗的时候，他曾经被宦官王振怂恿，率军亲征，后来在河北怀来的土木堡被瓦刺军俘虏，这个事件称为“土木之变”，一国不能无君，所以他的兄弟就被册封为景泰帝，而后又上演了英宗重新夺取皇位的“夺门之变”，所以在十三陵中没有景泰帝的陵墓，他以亲王的礼节被安葬在西郊的金山口。这样一来，大家一定都明白了为什么这里叫做十三陵了。 现在大家沿途看到的这一个石牌坊，就是陵区的标志，是嘉靖年间制
天坛导游词 天坛导游词 各位游客，你们好!今天我们要参观的是以前皇帝祭天的地方天坛。 天坛是明朝永乐皇帝建成的祭天圣坛，主建筑是大祀殿，也就是今天的祈年殿。天坛有外坛墙和内坛墙，北圆南方，寓意天圆地方。乾隆年间，将大祀殿改为现在的祈年殿，将屋顶瓦片改成蓝色的琉璃瓦，形成了今天我们看到的这个世界上最大的祭天建筑群。 这一祭天圣地，在1860年遭到了英法联军的洗劫，1900年又遭到八国联军的蹂躏。新中国成立以后，这里成了著名的旅游景点，来这里的除了旅游者，还有很多健身的人们。 现在就让我们沿着当年皇帝登坛的路线开始游览。 现在我们是沿着天坛建筑的中轴线在向南行进，将要看到的就是古代皇帝祭天的圜丘坛。圜丘有两道围护墙，外方内圆，符合天圆地方的说法。每道墙都有四组门，大家可以注意到，门的大小都不一样，这是因为中门是上帝专用的，所以高大；皇帝只能从左侧的门进入；而其他的官员只能从右边最小的门通过。 来到圜丘坛下，我们马上要开始登坛了，不过要请您留心数一数，每层坛面都有多少台阶。到了最高层，大家会发现，坛上所有的台阶数，都是九或者九的倍数。这些难道都是巧合么?当然不是，因为古人认为九是极阳数，所以工匠们便用这个数字来赋予圜丘坛崇高之意。 说完了神坛的奇妙，我再给您介绍一下祭天大典的盛况。 到了每年的冬至，皇帝就要在这里祭天。在这个典礼上，需要特别提到的是皇帝恭读祝文所站立的地方，就是这块天心石。它是天坛三大声学现象之一。在这里朗读的时候声音特别洪亮，各位游客不妨体验一下，也像当年的皇帝一样，向上天诉说自己美好的愿望。 现在咱们继续沿着中轴线行走，面前的建筑叫做天库，它的正殿就是皇穹宇。皇穹宇三个字也分别代表了至高无上天宇宙的意思，更加显示出它的神圣和至尊。这组建筑不仅十分精美，而且还有回音壁和三音石，这和刚才我们说的天心石合称天坛三大声学现象。 回音壁就是皇穹宇的外墙，围墙十分平滑，可以传声，在传递途中对声音损失极小，只要
河北导游词介绍词 河北的导游词怎么写?看看小编为大家准备好的范文吧，希望你们喜欢呀，谢谢阅读借鉴。 我们生活的地球，从太空望去是个蔚蓝色的美丽星球，地球上70%的面积都被海水覆盖。大海对于我们生活在陆地上的人类来说，总是一种不可抗拒的诱惑。从远古时期，人类就发明了船，拓展海上活动领域，在远离人类喧嚣的深海里会是什么样子呢?有些什么生物在那里生存?今天，我就带大家去新澳海底世界参观，去揭开海洋生物神秘的面纱。 秦皇岛新澳海底世界位于秦皇岛海港区渤海之滨，是由中国、新加坡和澳大利亚三方投资共同兴建的，以展示海洋生物为主，集科普教育、观赏娱乐于一体的现代化大型博物馆。新澳海底世界主要包括海豚表演馆，小池区，企鹅馆，海豹馆，触摸池，海底隧道，表演休息区，科普展厅，科普教室以及海洋精品店，观海餐厅等诸多部分。各种色彩斑斓的鱼儿在这里自在地游弋，海龟、海豹、企鹅憨态可掬，海豚、海狮表演精彩不断。透过深蓝的海水里迷离变化的灯光，可以看到一个神话般的世界：水草飘曳，天真纯美的美人鱼缓缓流过。 让我们先去海底世界看看那些美妙的海洋生物。进入海底世界，天色就“昏暗”起来，首先迎接我们到来的是热带淡水观赏鱼。这些体形为纺锤形，银光闪烁，背鳍、尾鳍鲜红的鱼类为红鳍鲫。那些垂体细长，背、腹鳍几乎在一条线上的为银龙鱼，这是一种相当古老的鱼
种，龙鱼的英文词汇，是西班牙语“长舌”的意思。那些体态轻盈，体色橘红，长有头瘤的被称为“红魔鬼”。看这些鱼在清澈透亮的水中静静地游弋，十分漂亮。 再往前，是高温高氧的“七彩神仙”鱼池，七彩神仙体色丰富多彩，有以红色为主基调的红七彩，以棕色为主基调的棕七彩，以蓝色为主基调的蓝七彩，并以红、黄、蓝、绿、黑、棕、白、紫色等为点缀，花色繁多，美不胜收，素有“热带鱼王”的美称。神仙鱼性格文静，游动轻盈潇洒，常忽升忽降，忽进忽退，忽隐忽现，出没于绿草丛中，逍遥于碧水之间。 银燕鱼，外形近似斧头，体态比较扁、薄，全身银白色，体上有斑纹，胸鳍特别大，有如一对翅膀。银燕，性情非常温和。甚至有些胆怯，绝不加害其他鱼，喜生活在光线稍暗及有水草的地方，可与温和小型鱼混养。这边还有海象鱼，富贵猫，比较喜欢夜间活动的弓背鱼，又称“七星飞刀”。 新澳海底世界里有来自我国南海的绿龟，在这边的海龟池，您可以近距离地观赏它。由于长时间生活在水里，它们的四肢已经退化成了鳍的样子，缩不到壳里去了，这也是海龟和陆地龟的区别。这里的海龟有30多岁，前边海底隧道的海龟有100多岁了。 看看这些美丽的生物，您是不是想亲手摸一摸呢?我们现在就来到了触摸池。最左边的池子里是一些蓝色五角海星。海星是棘皮动物中的重要成员，五条腕的海星形状很像“五角星”。海星喜欢吃贝类，而且是用胃直接吃东西。海星有“分身术”，若把海星撕成几块抛入海
2020年精选的灵谷寺旅游点导游词 南京是一座地理位置优越，地形独特的城市，这也是一座历史名城，它三面环山，一面临水，依钟山而扼长江。下面是我收集整理的灵谷寺导游词，仅供参考。 灵谷寺导游词(一) 各位游客： 灵谷寺，这是一个由寺庙建筑、国民革命阵亡将士公墓和灵谷公园组成的风景名胜区。由于历史的原因，人们还是笼统地称它为灵谷寺。我们的车正在行驶，不知道大家有没有留意车窗两侧，沿途玉兰挺立，林木茂密，曲径通幽，我们仿佛置身于仙灵境地。我先来介绍一下灵谷寺的创建历史。 灵谷寺地处紫金山东南麓，为明代佛教三大寺院之一。紫金山早在六朝时就已是佛教圣地，梁武帝时，其周围大小寺院已达70多所。到了明代，然后这些寺院历经沧桑，大部分被毁，只有南麓独龙岗一带的蒋山寺、定林寺、宋熙寺等少数几座保存完好。灵谷寺前身就是处于独龙岗的开善寺，南朝天监十三年(514年)梁武帝为埋葬宝志和尚，在独龙岗建开善精舍和志公塔。唐代改称宝公院，北宋大中祥符年间，改称太平兴国禅寺，明初改为蒋山寺。朱元津为建明孝陵，命人选中独龙岗这块风水宝地，于是就下令将这一带包括蒋山寺在内的所有寺院都迁往紫金山东麓，合为一寺。因为灵谷寺的地形是“左群山右峻岭”之间的一片谷地，所以命名为“灵各专”。灵谷寺初建时，规模宏大，殿宇林立，佛塔矗立，从山门到大殿，长2.5公里，占地约500亩，僧人l千。难怪朱元津将它看成杰作，并御笔题额“第一禅林”。可惜后来因遭兵火劫难，只有无梁殿得以幸
存。到清同治年间重修灵谷寺，规模已远不如当年，然而红墙黄瓦、松翠林茂、鸟语花香、环境幽静，仍不失“灵谷深秋”的佳景。 【红山门—阵亡将士牌坊—无果殿—阵亡将士纪念碑】 各位游客：我们已来到了灵谷寺的山门前，山门是寺庙大门的通称。这山门也就是灵谷公园的大门。各位请看：这座仿古建筑的山门是30年代重建的，其形式为三拱门，绿色琉璃瓦檐顶，外墙为红色，所以也叫红山门。门额上有“灵谷胜境”四字，是现代书法家钱松岳先生的手笔。门外的一对石狮，是建造阵亡将士公墓的北平军分会赠送的。 进入红山门，我们走上了一条青石铺就的两道。而道的尽头，然后矗立着一座高大的阵亡将士牌坊。牌坊的台基长32.7米，宽16.6米，高10米，共五间，全部用钢筋水泥构筑，座基外镶花岗岩，绿色琉璃瓦覆顶。牌坊前中门门额上横刻“大仁大义”四字，背面刻“救国救民”四字，”都是元老张静江题写的。 各位游客：现在我们来到了灵谷寺最着名的景点无梁殿。无梁殿是明代灵谷寺仅存的一座建筑，因殿内供奉无量寿佛而得名。由于这座殿是砖石拱券结构，不用梁木，所以俗称“无梁殿”。 无梁殿建于明朝洪武十四年(138年)，迄今已有600多年的历史。大殿的东西长53.8米，殿前露台宽敞，面阔5间，进深3间。虽然经过多次重修，但其结构始终没变。然后殿顶是重檐九脊琉璃瓦，屋脊上的3个琉璃瓦塔是喇嘛塔。其建筑结构改变了我国古建筑梁柱结合框架式的建筑传统。整座建筑找不到梁柱，全部用砖砌造而成。它采用了中国古代石拱桥的建造方法，由基层用砖先砌5个洞，合缝后叠成一个大型的拱形殿顶。我们看到这5个开门的每一间就是一券，每排为5券，正中一间券洞最大，宽11.4米，高14米。内部虽为券洞结构，