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高中英语非谓语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)

高中英语非谓语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
高中英语非谓语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)

高中英语非谓语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1.If there is a lot of work _________.I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished.

A.to do B.to be doing

C.done D.doing

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:如果有很多工作要做,我很乐意一直把它做完。分析句子可知,用不定式做定语表示未发生的动作,放在被修饰词的名词、代词后,此处to do在句中做定语修饰work,主动形式表示被动含义,故选A。

2.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if_____ regularly, can improve our health.

A.being carried out B.carrying out

C.carried out D.to carry out

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查状语从句的省略句:当主从句的主语一致的情况,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,If carried out="if" proper amounts of exercise are carried out。句意:实验表明,适量的锻炼,如果被定期进行,能提高人们的健康。选C。

考点:本题考查省略句式

点评:如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致,且状语从句的谓语动词中有 be 动词,从句的主语连同be 可一起省略,该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等,连词为when, while, though, if, unless, although, as if 等,后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。

3.When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch _____.

A.to repair bicycles B.bicycles to be repaired

C.bicycles being repaired D.repairing bicycles

【答案】C

【解析】

4.IPhone, the world’s largest mobile phone maker, said that over the first nine m onths of the year it ________ 23 million handsets in China, an increase of 77 percent ________ the same

period a year ago.

A.had sold; compared to B.has sold; compared to

C.sold; comparing with D.had sold; comparing with

【答案】A

【解析】

考查时态和非谓语动词。句意:IPhone,世界最大的手机制造商,说今年头九个月期间,它已经在中国销售了2,300万台手机,与一年前的同期相比增加了77%。第一空根据主句动词said可知,从句时态也应用过去时态,再根据over the first nine months of the year,判断应用过去完成时态;第二空是非谓语动词的固定句式compared to,意为“与……相比较”。故选A。

5.(北京)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.

A.ranging B.range

C.to range D.ranged

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:国家公园有许多的野生动物,包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词。

[名师点睛]

现在分词和过去分词的区别:

在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义;

在时间上,现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生,过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。

如:falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶

分词的作用

作定语

单个分词作定语,分词前置。如:

The sleeping boy is my son.

The excited people rushed into the building.

分词短语作定语,分词后置;分词修饰不定代词something等要后置;个别分词如give,left等作定语也后置。如:

The girl standing under the tree is my niece.

The building built last year is our library.

过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如:Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists

作状语

现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。

Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.

As I didn’t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.(条件)

Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend.

Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital(原因).

Though defeated, he didn’t lose heart. (让步)

He lay on the grass, looking into the sky. (伴随)

He came running to tell me the good news. (方式)

注意:

选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出,分词就用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。试比较:

(Being)Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用。

分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致,如果不一致,就用独立主格结构,即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语,一般不用作定语。

作表语

现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征,过去分词作表语多指主语所处的状态。如:The film is touching.

The glass is broken.

作宾语补足语

分词和不定式一样,在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。如:

I smell something burning.

I heard him singing the song.

I heard my name called.

作插入语

其结构是固定的,意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。

generally speaking 一般说来 talking of (speaking of) 说到

strictly speaking 严格地说 judging from 从···判断

all things considered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration 全面看来。如:Judging from his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色看,他一定是病了。

Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.总的来说,狗比猪跑得快。

6.(北京)___________the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A.Catching B.Caught

C.To catch D.Catch

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:为了赶上早班的飞机,我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we,空中用不定式作目的状语,表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。

【名师点睛】

此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系,然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份,可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语,意思是“为了…”,学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份,才可以做好此类题。

7.Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library

A.to borrow B.borrowed C.to be borrowed D.borrowing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知,这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps,因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗,所以用过去分词做定语,故选B。

8.The children wrote magical stories together, _____ imaginary worlds of romantic and military adventure.

A.to spin B.spinning

C.having spun D.to have spun

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:这些孩子在一起写魔幻故事,融合了既浪漫又有军事冒险的虚构世界。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词,故spin只能做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语构成主谓关系,故用现在分词spinning,选B。

9.(2018·北京)Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A.used B.to use

C.using D.use

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果正确使用的话,普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句,_________ correctly是条件状语,修饰ordinary soap,ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系,故要用过去分词,A选项正确。点睛:过去分词所表示的一个含义就是“被动”。

10.224. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _____ behind his back.

A.being mopped B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied

【答案】D

【解析】

考查非谓语动词。句意:那个谋杀犯被带了进来,手被捆在背后。with的宾语his hands与动词tie构成被动的关系,故使用过去分词。故选D。

11.The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed out of the reading room”. A.being taken B.to take

C.to be taken D.taking

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:图书馆墙上的牌子上写着:“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知,此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。

12.________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.

A.Having eaten B.To eat

C.Eat D.Eating

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:分析句子结构可知,主句主语为Tina,前半句为从句,应该用非谓语动词作状语,故排除C。不定与主要表目的和将来,故排除B。主句主语和eat之间为主动关系,且eat这个动作发生在主句动作之前,故要用现在分词完成时表示。故选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词作状语

13.The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.

A.is made B.would make

C.was to be made D.had made

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态。句义:在澳大利亚的黄金的发现让成千上万的人相信要发财了。A. I made 一般过去时B. would make过去将来时C. was to be made 表过去将来且命中注定D. had made 过去完成时,根据句义是过去完成时,所以AD不对,根据题干黄金的发现所以注定要发财,所以C正确。

考点:考查时态。

14.______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.

A.To absorb B.To be absorbed

C.Absorbed D.Absorbing

【答案】C

【解析】

考查非谓语动词。句意:全神贯注于绘画中,约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于,在句中作状语,省略be动词,故选C。

【点睛】

本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候,首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语,确定逻辑主语之后,再分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系,最后根据句意选择正确的答案。

15.______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed. A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen

【答案】A

【解析】

考查非谓语动词的用法。本句的主语是 I,I 与 See 的意义的逻辑关系是主动,也就是Seeing 才能表示主语与非谓语的“主动”的逻辑关系。

16.Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house.

A.lead B.leading

C.led D.to lead

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知,这是个there be 句型,因此,此处用非谓语动词,path与lead是主动关系,因此用现在分词,故选B。

17.In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.

A.making B.made C.make D.makes

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句。在澳大利亚,许多路标都是用英文和中文同时标识,使中国游客去旅游更加容易。根据与前面一句用逗号隔开,没有连词,故判断此空用非谓语动词,根据与主语是主动关系,故用动词-ing形式,用来修饰和补充上一句话,故选A。

18.—Did Peter fix the computer himself?

—He ________,because he doesn’t know much about computers.

A.has it fixed B.had fixed it

C.had it fixed D.fixed it

【答案】C

【详解】

考查固定短语。句意:——Peter自己修的电脑吗?——他让别人修的,因为他不太懂电脑。have sb. done是过去分词作宾语补足语,表示“使(让,请)别人做某事”。根据所提供的情景because he doesn’t know much about computers可判断出他找别人维修了电脑。故选C。

19.Some of them, ______ in rural villages, had never seen a train.

A.to be born and brought up B.born and brought up

C.having born and brought up D.having been born and brought up

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:他们中的一些人,在农村长大,从来没见过火车。分析句子可知,in rural villages部分为定语,修饰Some of them,与其为动宾关系,故用过去分词形式,同时也是表示一种状态,故选B。

【点睛】

过去分词作定语,过去分词作定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。

位于名词之前的过去分词定语一般只有单个词。

The new product finally passed the required test. 新产品终于通过了要求的测试。

Those repeated efforts were still inadequate. 这些重复的努力仍然不足。

过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰,如:

The prime minister issued a cautiously worded statement this afternoon. 今天下午首相发表了一份措辞谨慎的声明。

如果是过去分词短语或结构,则放在名词后作后置定语。

The idea presented by Peter is much simpler. 彼得提出的想法要简单得多。

It is a house built by the Romans. 它是一栋古罗马人建的房屋。

本题为过去分词作定语,修饰主语。

20.The next thing he saw was smoke ________ from behind the house.

A.rose B.rising

C.to rise D.risen

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:他看到的下一件事是从房子后面冒出烟来。作定语时,过去分词表示发生过的被动的动作,和所修饰词是动宾关系。现在分词表示正在发生的伴随性的动作,和所修饰词是主谓关系。不定式表示具体的将要发生的动作。根据题意,他看

的的第二件事物是从房后升起的烟。rise的逻辑主语为smoke,是主动关系,用现在分词,故选B。

21.(2009·陕西高考)I still remember________to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A.to take B.to be taken

C.taking D.being taken

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:我仍旧记得被带去法门寺和在那里看到的。remember to do sth.“记得要做某事(该动作未发生)”;remember doing sth.“记得做过某事(该动作已经发生)”。依据后文的“what I saw there”可知这里说的是记得已经发生的动作;再者take的宾语就是句子的主语,二者之间是动宾关系,应用被动形式,所以选being taken。故选D。

22.I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

A.to wind B.wind C.winding D.wound

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:我抬头向上看,注意到一条蛇正在蜿蜒向树上爬来获取它的早餐。分析句子可知,wind its way作宾语补足语,winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行,故选C。

23.In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman the Nobel Prize for Literature. A.winning B.win

C.won D.to win

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1938年,赛珍珠成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。中心词由序数词修饰,用不定式作后置定语,故选D。

24.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a meal to be cooked.

A.laid B.laying

C.to lay D.being laid

【答案】A

【解析】

with + 宾语 + 动词-ing 形式(即现在分词)表示动词 -ing 形式表示动作正在发生;with + 宾

语 + 动词不定式表示一个动作过程或即将发生的动作;with + 宾语 + 过去分词表达被动含义。句意:客厅干净而整洁,餐桌已经为要做的饭准备好了。选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词。

25.The purpose of the new plan is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.

A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词的结构平衡性。句意:新计划的目的是使生活更容易,而不是使生活更困难。not to make it more difficult是与to make it easier形成对比的否定结构,两者在句中作表语。故选B。

26.His food ______, the man had to come out of his hiding place.

A.run out B.was run out

C.running out D.using up

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语和现在分词的独立主格结构。句意:食物快吃完了,那人不得不从藏身之处出来。动词短语:run out“用完,耗尽”,相当于不及物动词;use up“用完,耗尽”,相当于及物动词。分析句子结构,这里既不是并列句也不是从句,此处His food和run out之间是主动关系,是现在分词的独立主格结构,如果用use up,则必须用过去分词used up的形式。故选C。

27.I got to the office earlier that day, ________ the 7:30 train from Paddington.

A.caught B.to have caught

C.to catch D.having caught

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:那天我早到了办公室,因为赶上了7:30那趟来自帕丁顿的火车。分析句子可知,catch用非谓语动词形式,catch发生在got之前,应该用完成式,与主语I 是主动关系,用现在分词的完成时,having caught表示原因,相当于because引导的原因状语从句。故选D。

28.Though _____ of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.

A.warning B.to warn C.warn D.warned

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管被警告了危险,他仍旧继续在薄冰上滑冰。表示发生过的被动的动作,和句子主语he是动宾关系,用过去分词。故选D。

29.The study, from academics at Harvard, claims __________ the first clear evidence showing that when temperatures go up, school performance goes down.

A.to have produced B.to produce

C.producing D.being produced

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:这项来自哈佛大学学者的研究声称,它首次提供了明确的证据,表明气温上升时,在校表现会下降。claim to表示“声称做……”,而且produce这个动作发生在claims之前,故A项正确。

30.______to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.

A.Having been asked B.To ask

C.Having asked D.To be asked

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:“由于那天晚上被要求加班,我错过了一场精彩的电影”,主语“我”和动词ask之间是动宾关系,要用过去分词,“被要求加班”这一动作发生在动作missed之前,要用过去分词的完成式having been asked,A项正确;B项 to ask是动词不定式,表示目的或将要发生的动作,不正确;C项 having asked 是现在分词的完成式,不正确;D项 to be asked 是动词不定式的被动形式,不符合语境,故选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词

31.The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported _________.

A.to miss B.to have been missing C.having missed D.missing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词不定式。句意:新闻报道称,印尼海啸造成的死亡人数已攀升至400多人,据报道还有更多人失踪。分析句子可知,be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语,且在本句中被应用到with的复合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前,所以

用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。

【点睛】

动词不定式的时态和语态

动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式,一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式。

1)不定式的时态意义

不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的。

①不定式的一般式

不定式的一般式表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生

②不定式的进行式

不定式的进行式表示其动作正在进行,与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。

③不定式的完成式

不定式的完成时表达下列意义:

a. 不定式的完成式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

b. 用在intended, expected, meant, hoped, promised, planned, wished, thought, desired, was, were等词后,不定式的完成式表示未曾实现的愿望、期待、想法、打算或计划等。to have + 过去分词表示动作, to have been表示状态。

C .用在seem, appear, thing, consider, believe等后,表示一个动作先于另一个动作发生。

④不定式的完成进行式

表示动作在谓语动词之前发生,而且一直进行着。

⑤ come + 不定式表示一个动作发生的过程

He will come to understand it in the end.他最终会懂得的。

分析句子可知,be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语,且在本句中被应用到with的符合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前,所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。

32.Moving to Canada for higher education has been exciting. On the first day of term, there were crowds of people in the dormitory, all where they should go.

A.looked for B.looking for C.were looking for D.had been looking for

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:到加拿大接受高等教育令人兴奋,开学第一天,宿舍挤满了人,大家都在找自己该去的地方。People与look for是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作伴随状语,故B项正确。

33.Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty ____ his tape recorder?

A.to fix B.fixing

C.for fixing D.fix

【答案】B

【解析】

考查短语: have difficulty (in )doing sth 做什么事情有困难,句意:托尼,你去看看萨姆再修他的录音机方面有困难吗?所以选B。

34.Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank.

A.to use B.used C.using D.use

【答案】B

【解析】

本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构,所填成分是对主句的补充说明,因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则,判断出use与主语time之间为被动,因此直接得出答案B。句意:时间,如果使用得当的话,就是存在银行里的钱。

35.The woman, when _______ how her husband was injured, began to cry.

A.asked B.to ask

C.asking D.ask

【答案】A

【解析】

36.(天津) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated.

A.being allowed B.allowing

C.having allowed D.allowed

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备,允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系,用doing即现在分词作结果状语,表示顺理成章的结果。A. being allowed表示被动且正在进行;C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生;D. allowed表示被动且完成,故选B。

【点睛】

判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分,看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词,确定了是非谓语动词,还要判断非谓语动词的成分,和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。

37.While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform his duty. A.promote B.promoted

C.promoting D.to promote

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:本题考查的非谓语动词的固定搭配“get+过去分词”,如“get burnt”被烫伤,get paid获得报酬;本句中的get promoted获得提拔。句意:在等待着背提拔的机会的时候,Herry全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。故B正确。

38. volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.

A.To study B.Studying

C.Having studied D.Studied

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:在研究火山多年之后,我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨大破坏的潜力感到惊讶。study与主语是逻辑主谓关系,且强调“研究”发生在主句谓语动作之前,应使用现在分词的完成式。故C选项正确。

39.––Do you mind if I smoke here?

––I suggest you go to the separate room ______ for smokers.

A.to reserve B.reserving

C.reserved D.being reserved

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:—如果我在这里抽烟你介意吗?—我建议你去为吸烟者预留的单独房间。A. to reserve表主动和将来;B. reserving表主动;D. being reserved 表正在被留;C. reserved是过去分词。此处与前面的room是逻辑动宾关系,应使用过去分词,表被动,意思是:被预留的房间,符合句意,故选C。

40.________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.

A.Staying B.Stayed

C.To stay D.Stay

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:为了保暖,我把柴炉填好,然后把闹钟调在子夜,好又添柴。表目的,为了什么,用不定式来表示。故选C。

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