定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分
一、定语从句是高中阶段的重点语法项目之一。因此，同学们有必要全面弄清其用法。定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分容易混淆。为了帮助同学们分清定语从句与这六种句型的差异，现将其分类例析如下。
定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分
一、定语从句是高中阶段的重点语法项目之一。因此，同学们有必要全面弄清其用法。定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分容易混淆。为了帮助同学们分清定语从句与这六种句型的差异，现将其分类例析如下。
一、定语从句与并列句
1．用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①Mr Li has three daughters，none of _____ is an engineer．
②Mr Li has three daughters，but none of _____ is a dancer．
③Mr Li has three daughters； _____ are doctors．
定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。
二、定语从句与地点状语从句
1.用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①Rice doesn't grow well _____ there is not enough water．
②I still remember the farm _____ my parents worked ten years ago．
定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别在于：定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句的关系词根据需要可用“介词＋which”来代替where，而地点状语从句则通常只能由 where引导。
三、定语从句与强调句
1．用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①It is on the morning of May 1st __ I met Liang Wei at the airport．
②It is the factory ___ Mr Wang works．
强调句与定语从句的区别
【原题复现】
27.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village_____the hostes s cooked such a nice dinner.
A. where B．that C．when D. which
【语法补漏】
强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that, which，
who, whom或关系副词when, where，why等,先行词(中心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用that，who；
有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结构特点来进行判断，如能去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要.
试比较：
①It is a question that needs careful consideration.
②It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading.
简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此It是指示代词，It is a question是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构，如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此It是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉It is...that，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。
区分定语从句与强调句区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法，因为强调句的基本句式为 It is (was)+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将it is(was) 后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。 1) It is this street _______I happened to meet him.
It is in this street _______I happened to meet him.
A．that B．where C．which D．from which
首先，我们看到主句部分为 it is…结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原，得出1．I happened to meet him this street.
2．I happened to meet him in this street.
1句子成份不完整，为定语从句，用where；2句子成份完整为强调句，选that。
2) Where did you meet him?
It is in the cinema_______ I met him.
It is in the cinema_______ door faces west.
[ ] A．that B．where C．whose D．which
仍然采取还原法，得出
1．I met him in the cinema. 2．Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整，确定为强调句，用that选A；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子，其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema _______door faces west that I met him. 强调句部分已经省略，而句中door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示门朝西开的电影院，因此选C，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还原法加以辨
别： (1) Was it in the cinema _______Smith met you _______you saw the film?
A．that, that B．whom, then C．where, that D．which, where
(2) Where did you found XingMing? It was in the office _______he worked. A．this B．which C．where D．/
【高考题互动】
01、(08全国卷II’ 20) It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
A. that
B. how
C. which
D. when
02、 08)It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his ch ildhood.
A. how
B. which
C. that
D. where
定语从句与强调句的主要区别在于：强调句的结构为“It is／was＋被强调部分＋that＋从句”。被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分，当被强调部分是人时，还可用who代替that。这一句型中，一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替 that。
三、定语从句与结果状语从句
1.用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
②I have the same computer _____ you have．
②She is such a kind and funny girl _____ all of us like to make friends with her．
定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别在于（这里只讨论the same．．．as／that和such．．．as／that两种情况）：在这两种情况下，如果as／that既引导从句，同时又在从句中充当一定的成分，则as／that引导的是定语从句。在the same．．．as／that结构中，用as指一样的，但不是同一个事物；用that指同一物品，
五、定语从句与习惯句型
1．用一个恰当的词完成下列句子。
①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai．
②It was the time ____ Chinese people had a hard life．
六、定语从句与单句
1．用一个恰当的词完成下列句子。
①The mother told the lazy boy to work，_____ didn't help．
②The mother told the lazy boy to work．_____ didn't help．
②She is such a kind and funny girl _____ all of us like to make friends with her．
定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别在于（这里只讨论the same．．．as／that和such．．．as／that两种情况）：在这两种情况下，如果as／that既引导从句，同时又在从句中充当一定的成分，则as／that引导的是定语从句。在the same．．．as／that结构中，用as指一样的，但不是同一个事物；用that指同一物品，
名词性从句的考点剖析
一．在句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句二．如何判断为名词性从句
1．充当主语的从句为主语从句。
2．用于及物动词或介词或某些形容词如：afraid, glad, sure, pleased等后为宾语从句。 3．用于系动词后为表语从句。系动词有：①be动词；②意为“…起来”的动词，如look, sound, taste, smell…③意为“变成”“成为”的动词，如
turn, become, get, go…等；④半系动词
fall, seem, appear, prove, come, keep, stay, remain等。
4．用于某些抽象名词后，解释并补充前面名词的内容的从句，被叫做同位语从句。同位语从句通常用that引导。但当抽象名词为question, problem时，要用疑问词引导。这些抽象名词为news, word(消息)，
truth, fact, information, story, thought, wish, hope, desire, idea, order, suggestion, a dvice, proposal, promise, word(诺言)，
theory, opinion, viewpoint, conclusion, question, problem…
三. 高考常考考点
1．名词性从句中，若缺少主语或宾语或表语，则用
what_____really interested Mary was dancing. (作主语)
This is_____we should learn from Comrade Lei Feng. （作宾语）
Our school is no longer______it used to be. （作表语）
2. 名词性从句中，若不缺成分，不缺意义，则用that. that引导主语、表语、同位语从句时，虽不作成分，无意义，但不可省略。
_____he came here made me very happy.
I believe______he is a determined person.
My suggestion is______he should be sent to hospital.
He expressed his thought_____he doesn’t agree to the project.
2.that 引导宾语从句时，第一个that 可以省，但从第二个that 开始不能省.
He said_____the exhibition was excellent and that he wanted to visit it once more.
4. if 与whether 的不同（当“是否”讲时）①Whether可引导主语，表语，同位语从句，但是if 不能。②引导宾语从句时以下情况只用whether: (1) 引导介词后面的宾语从句（2）与不定式连用（3）与or not 紧密连用
5. 通常情况下，介词后的宾语从句不用that 引导，但in that = because “因为”； except that +句子= except for +n. 都表示对前面的整体做相反的部分的补充或修正。
6. 所有的从句都使用陈述语序。Could you tell me what’s the matter with him?
7. whoever, whatever, whichever 引导名词性从句（也可引导让步状从，表泛指）。
whoever=anyone who定语从句；whatever=anything that定语从句; whichever “任何一个”
You must never give your child_______he or she wants.
______leaves the classroom last should turn off the lights.
______team will win the game on Saturday can get through to the national champio nship.
8. 区分whoever与who引导的名词性从句
_____breaks the law should be punished. (指人)
_______breaks the law is unknown. (指事)
9. 当it出现充当形式主语或形式宾语时，后常用to do不定式或that从句来充当真主语或真宾语。
但①It is useless/no use/no good doing sth. 做……是没有用的/没有意义的。
②I would appreciate it if you……如果你……我会非常感激的。
③I hate/dislike/like/love it when……我讨厌/喜欢……的那个时候。
如：I hate ______people speak with their mouth full.
④I can’t help it if条件状语从句如果……我也没办法。
10. 无论几个疑问词引导一个从句或与一个不定式连用作主语，用单数谓语动词。如：
When and where we’ll go out for a picnic hasnt been decided.
When and how to go to Beijing is unknown.
11. 当Ving或to do及短语或从句作主语时用单数谓语动词，但what从句要具体看。What we need______water.
What we need_____books.
12.疑问词+插入语+其它陈述语序
插入语通常为：do you think/believe/suppose/guess/suggest……如：
Who do you guess is to blame?
What do you suppose has happened to Mary?
13. who与 whom who在句子中可作主语或宾语或表语;而whom在句子中只作宾语。
14.两个连词碰在一起时，要分清各自的作用。如：
I wonder whether what you said is practical.
(whether引导宾语从句到最后；而what引导主语从句到said.)
15. doubt或 wonder所在的句子为肯定句时，后常用if/whether引导宾语从句；若所在的句子为否定句或疑问句时，后则用that引导宾语从句。
16．What 名词性从句=all that 定语从句 what (=all that) you said is right.
17. 问distance, population, price, nationality, height, size, width, length, address等用 what.
What's the population of china?
What's your address?
18. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气：此处省略，请参阅虚拟语气
19.常考的句型：①The reason why…is that…“…的原因是因为…”
The reason_____he was late for school was_____he was ill.
②A is to B what C is to D. “A对B 的重要性好比C对D的重要性。”
如： Water is to fish______air is to human beings.
Engine is to machine______heart is to human beings.
③My hometown is no longer _____it used to be.
④This is we disagree. /
That is Lu Xun once lived. /
This is the key to solving the problem lies.
⑤ _______disappointed me most was______he failed in the college entrance exam. ____ excited me most was that he won the speech contest.
_____matters in learning English is enough practice.
⑥ There is no/much chance/possibility that 同位语从句。 take it for granted +that 真正宾语从句。
类似句型还有：
see to it that/count on it that/make it clear that/ answer for it that/ find/think it +形容词+to do不定式
There is no point doing sth.
There is no need to do sth.
There is no doubt that从句。
It is no wonder (that)
⑦It is well known that …… As is well known, …… What is well known is that……
⑧It is certain that…… It is uncertain whether ……
⑨sb./sth.is said/considered/thought/reported/believed to have done sth.
⑩The output this year is five times what it was before liberation.
四. 解题步骤：
1 翻译句子。
2 判断出所填的连词引导的是名词性从句。
3 分析设空所在句子的成分，若少主，宾，表则用what；若不缺成分和意义，则用that;否则据意义选择。
4 注意所有的从句用陈述语序。
巩固练
习 which / that /who / whose / whom / as / when / where / why 1.That bank was opened last week is a very modern one. 2.An architect is a person designs houses and buildings.
1.The island, is at the mouth of the river, is being developed as a scenic spot .
2.My son, is a surgeon, is now in Sweden as a visiting scholar.
3.The man you shook hands just now is head of our department.
4.The room my family live used to be a garage.
1.That is the book I referred to in my talk.
2.He is a teacher we all have h igh respect for. 1. This is the best film has ever been made. The first place we visited was the Great Wall. 2. The only furniture he had in the room was a bed and a small desk.
3. That is all I want to say. Is there anything I can do for you?
4
4. They talked about persons and things they remembered in the school.
5. Is there any book I can refer to?
6. Who is the girl is standing at the school gate?
Which is the book you want to borrow?
1.The hero left leg was lost in the war is well looked after.
2.On the hill wer
e maple trees leaves had turned red. On the hill were maple trees the leaves had turned red. On the hill were maple trees the leave s had turned red. He is a teacher, is clear from his manner. is n atural, she married an American businessman. He used such expressions he co uld find in the texts.
They stayed for the night in the same room they had once rented. I still re member the day we first met. We will never forget the day we spent together. We will never forger the day we worked together. The city I was born is on the new railway line.
I like to take my vacation in the mountain, is quiet and beautiful.
I like to take my vacation in the mountain, there are many plants. This is t he reason he left the company. This is the reason he gav e us for his action. This is the reason he did that thing. 1. I have two br others,___________ has got a job. A. none of them B. none of whom C. nei ther of them D. neither of whom 2. The library, _____________ many students often go to read books, will be rebuilt. A. that B. which C. where D. wh en
3. There are many research centers in China________ some animals are being studi ed. A. in which B. in where C. when D. which
4. Is this school________ you studied at ten years ago?
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. the one 5. Many flowers are being sold in the market, _______ are roses. A. most of which B. most of them C. most D. th ey mostly
6. The weather turned out to be very good,__________ was more than we expecte
d. A. what B. which C. that D. it
7. Was it in the zoo___________ he took many pictures of the animals? A. in whic
h B. where C. which D. that 8. Will you please tell me the way to the only ta ll building________ stands near the post office? A. that B. ⅹ C. which D. where
9. Have you seen the film “Titanic”,________ leading actor is world famous? A. its
B. it’s
C. whose
D. which
10. John said he had been working in the office for an hour, _______ was true. A. he B. this C. who D. which
11. Who is the girl ____________ is playing the piano? A. that B. who C. who m D. which 12. This is one of the most interesting books____ I have read. A. whic h B. that C. A and B D. them 13. I have done all__________ should be done. A. which B. that C. ⅹ D. what
14. The first place ______ we visited was an old village. A. where B. which C. t hat D. in which 15. It was in the supermarket _____ she bought her new skirt. A. where B. that C. which D. in which
复合句 【语法要点】 复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子。从句只用作句子的一个成分，不能独立。根据从句在句子中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。 （一）名词性从句 名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。其关联词有连接词that、if、whether；疑问代词who、what、which和疑问副词when、where、how、why等。 1.名词性从句句法结构： 从 属 连 词that whether 主 语 从 句 That he will come is certain.（that不可省） Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. （不能用if） 宾 语 从 句 I think（that）he will be all right in a few days. I went in and asked if（=whether）they had a cheap suit. I wonder whether（不能用if）it is true or not. 表 语 从 句 The fact is（that）I have never been there. The question is whether（不能用if）it is worth doing. 同 位 语 从 句 The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us. They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 连接代词 that who whom whose which 主 语 从 句 Who will help him is not known. What he said is very important. Which side will win is not clear. 宾 语 从 句 （1）作及物动词的宾语。例如： I really don’t know what he is doing. Do you know who/whom they are waiting for? He asked whose dictionary it was. He can’t tell which method they will use for the experiment. （2）作介词的宾语。例如： Pay attention to what the teacher said. I wondered to whom he had given the letter. 表 语 从 句 That is what he is worried about. The question is who will come here. The question is which team will win the match.
名词性从句、强调句与定语从句综合练习 1. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn’t come to the party. A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for 2. －I believe ______ you’ve tried your best and ______ you can come to the top of the class. －Thank you. A. what; / B. / ; / C. what; that D. /; that 3. Please give the note to ______ is in the classroom. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her which ) 5. The question Mike asked was ______ the sports meet would be put off. A. that B. if C. whether D. because 6. Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives. ;that ;which ;which ;that 7. We need the same machine ______ in your factory. is being used is being used is being used it is being used can be seen from his face, he is quite satisfied. 9. Is ______ he told you really funny A. that B. is C. what D. this 10. —On the contrary，I think it is the mother，rather than her children， to blame. —I agree with you. is is are are — lent me a lot of maney,______ I coul dn’t buy the TV set. it which which which wonder if it was in the bookstore I bought some books I lost the keys. ;that ;where ;that ;where 13. It was in the garden of his old house_____he grew up______he dug up a pot of gold. ;that ;where ;that ;where was in the stone house was built as a school by local villagers the boy finished his primary school. ;that ;where ;which ;which 15．—Where did you meet him while in Beijing —It was in the hotel ______ I stayed． A．that B．which C．when D．where 、 was on October 15 the Communist Party 17th Congress began， was the biggest
宾语从句的引导词 一、宾语从句：置于动词、介词等词性后面，在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句过”三关“：时态，语序，连词。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序, 谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句，有些形容词(afraid, sure, glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。 二、宾语从句中引导词的用法 在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有： 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whose, what ,which 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。 (-)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略) 可跟that从句做宾语的动词有： say, think, in sist, wish, hope, dema nd, imagi ne, won der, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explai n, order, comma nd, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer; request, require, propose, declare, report 等。彳列句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. (注意事项:当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。) 例句：I don' t think it is right for him to treat you like that? 在以下情况中that不能省略 1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面 的that不可省。 例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. 2、当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that-般不可省。 仮!1 句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap?
PART1：英语从句三大类型 按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。 一,名词性从句 1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen. 2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not. 3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not. 4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not. 二,定语从句 1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well. 2非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well. 三,状语从句 1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here. 2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like. 3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student. 4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king. 5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well. 6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well. 7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me. 8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little. PART2：经典名词性从句 主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。 That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。What he said is true. 他说的是真的。 Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party?你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？ This party's really where it's at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！ Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。 We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。 He said that he would come. 他说他要来。 Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。
高考英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句综合练习 一定语从句 1.定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句为定语从句，如： The novels that were written by Lu Xun were not easy to understand. 2.定语从句的构成要素 （1）先行词： （2）关系词： （3）从句： 3.定语从句的关系词 that which （1）关系代词who whom whose as when （2）关系副词where why 4.关系词的句法功能： （1）关系代词在定语从句中作______________，关系副词在定语从句中作_______________，关系代词作宾语时可以省略； （2）关系副词在定语从句中作______________。 5.定语从句解题方法 找准先行词，将先行词带入定语从句，使定语从句成为一个完整的句子，再分析从句的句子成分。若从句缺主语或宾语选用_____________________，若从句却状语，选用_____________________。 二、名词性从句 1.名词性从句分类 （1）主语从句 （2）宾语从句 （3）表语从句 （4）同位语从句 2.名词性从句的语序 名词性从句使用________________语序 3.名词性从句的引导词 连接词：that, whether, if
名从引导词连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whomever, whomever 连接副词：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 4.名词性从句引导词的句法功能 （1）连接词： （2）连接代词： （3）连接副词 5.名词性从句解题方法 三、状语从句 1.状语从句的引导词： 时间状语从句： 地点状语从句： 原因状语从句： 让步状语从句： 条件状语从句： 结果状语从句： 目的状语从句： 比较状语从句： 方式状语从句： 2.状语从句解题方法 The evening, _________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 2.（2010福建）We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have _____we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 3.（2008湖南）__________ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. While C. Because D. As 4.（2008重庆）They will fly to Washington, _________ they plan to stay for tow or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when
宾语从句 一、定义：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。在复合句中宾语从句作主句中谓语动词、介词的宾语。 在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如：I know the man. 而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如：I know that the man is a policeman. 主句引导词从句 宾语从句三大块: 1. 引导宾语从句的连接词（从属连接词和连接代词）； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。 二、宾语从句的引导词（连接词） 作用有无意义在从句中 所做成分从属连接词that 只起连接作用无无 Whether/if 起连接作用有（表示是否）无 连接词连接代 词What 连接+从句中做成分什么（指物）主，宾，表Which 连接+从句中做成分哪一个（指物）主，宾，表who 连接+从句中做成分谁（指人主格）主，表whom 连接+从句中做成分谁（指人宾格）宾whose 连接+从句中做成分谁的（指人所有格）定 连接副词Where 连接+从句中做成分地点状语When 连接+从句中做成分时间状语Why 连接+从句中做成分原因状语How 连接+从句中做成分方式状语 1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。 She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如： I don’t know
如何选择定语从句的引导词_非常有用!
如何选择定语从句的引导词? *限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有 who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中 担任主语、宾语、定语等。 *非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性 定语从句。关系词不可省略。 一、定语从句的引导词有关系代词who， whom，whose，which，that， as；关系副词when， where，why。定语从句中引导词的选用主要看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分或者是定语从句中缺什么成分。 1．定语从句中缺主语，修饰人时用who ／that，修饰物时用which ／that引导。如： Is this the factory which ／that makes TV sets？ The man who ／that visited our school is from Australia．
2．从句中缺宾语，修饰人时用 who ／whom ／that或省略引导词；修饰物时用which ／that或省略引导词。如： Gone are the days which ／that we spent together in the village． He is the man who ／whom ／that I think to be worthy of our praise． 3．从句中缺时间状语，用when或介词＋which引导。如： The day finally came when ／on which I was given a job． We'll put off the outing until next week，when we won't be so busy． 4．从句中缺地点状语，用where或介词＋which引导。如： Please put the letter on the desk where ／on which he can easily find it．5．从句中缺原因状语或先行词是 reason时，引导词用why ／for which ／that。如： This is the reason why ／for which ／ that he didn't come to the meeting．6．从句中缺定语，人和物都用 whose引导。如： A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan． Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black． 7．当先行词是way时，其定语从句的引导词用in which ／that。如：
引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等 定义:如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句. 第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语 （1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised me. （2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor has't been decided yet. （4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown. （6）Whatever you did is right. （7）Whose watch was lost is unknown. （8）What we need is time. （9）What we need are good doctors. 小结: （1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等
（2)连词位于句首不能省略 （3)主语从句大多数情况下视为单三,但也有例外,如例9 第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末 （1）It is certain that he will win the match. （2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. （3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. （4）It is strange that he should do that. （5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. （7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our vacation. （8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident. （9）It is said that he has gone to Taiwan.(=He is said to have gone to Taiwan)
宾语从句知识点全面解析 宾语从句考查的三个要点：语序，时态，关联词。 1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句。 3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。(who 作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序) 4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，连接宾语从句的连词有that(that在口语中常省略)。whether，if，和连接代词what，which，who，whom及连接副词when，where，how，why。 He knew(that) he should study hard. 他知道他应该努力学习。 Can you tell me which class you are in? 您能告诉我，您在哪一班吗? He asked me if he could come in， 他问我他是否能进来。 5.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：
(1)从属连词that.如：一般那情况下可以省略。 He told us that he felt ill. I know he has returned. 注：that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。 ①.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that 不能省略。) ②.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。) ③.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。) (2)从属连词if/whether.如： I doubt whether he will succeed. I don’t know if you can help me. (3)连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词where，when，how，why. Who or what he was，Martin never learned.
定语从句与强调句的区别 1. 强调句型中的it 属于引导词，本身没有意义。如果去掉is／was ... that结构，句子结构仍然完整，句意也完整。定语从句中的it 是指示代词，作主句的主语。 如果去掉it is／was ...that，句子结构不完整，意思也不完整。 It is a question that needs careful consideration. 这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。（定语从句） It is novels that she enjoys reading. 她喜欢阅读的是小说。（= She enjoys reading novels.）（强调句型） It was at the railway station that we first met 16 years ago. 是在火车站我们16 年前第一次相逢。（强调句型，强调地点状语at therailway station） It was the railway station where we first met 16 years ago. 这是我们16 年前第一次相逢的火车站。（定语从句，where 是关系副词，在定语从句中做地点状语） 2. 在强调句中被强调的部分还可以是副词、介词短语或从句；在定语从句中先行词一般是名词、代词或名词短语。 It was because she was ill that we decided to return. 正是因为她生病了，我们才决定回来。（强调句型） Was it the place where the party was held？ 这些是举行集会的那个地方吗？（定语从句） 3. 有些强调句型中含有一个定语从句，这往往给理解带来一定的难度。解决方法是仔细分析that 或who在句中的作用。 It was in the lab that was set up last year they finished the experiment. 他们是在去年建造的实验室里完成这个实验的。（that was set up last year是定语从句，that 在从句中作主语，并可被which 替换）It was the students who came from our school that won the first prize in thecontest.是来自我们学校的学生获得了竞赛一等奖。(who came from our school是定语从句。who 在从句中作主语。）
如何选择定语从句的引导词? 一、定语从句的引导词有关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that，as；关系副词when，where，why。定语从句中引导词的选用主要看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分或者是定语从句中缺什么成分。 1．定语从句中缺主语，修饰人时用who ／that，修饰物时用which ／that引导。如： Is this the factory which ／that makes TV sets？ The man who ／that visited our school is from Australia． 2．从句中缺宾语，修饰人时用who ／whom ／that或省略引导词；修饰物时用which ／that或省略引导词。如： Gone are the days which ／that we spent together in the village． He is the man who ／whom ／that I think to be worthy of our praise． 3．从句中缺时间状语，用when或介词＋which引导。如： The day finally came when ／on which I was given a job． We'll put off the outing until next week，when we won't be so busy． 4．从句中缺地点状语，用where或介词＋which引导。如： Please put the letter on the desk where ／on which he can easily find it． 5．从句中缺原因状语或先行词是reason时，引导词用why ／for which ／that。如： This is the reason why ／for which ／that he didn't come to the meeting． 6．从句中缺定语，人和物都用whose引导。如： A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan． Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black． 7．当先行词是way时，其定语从句的引导词用in which ／that。如： The way in which ／that he looks at problems is wrong． 二、引导词as可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。
从句可分为三类:即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从(即状语从句)。引导从句的词称作关联句。 一、名词性从句 引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括：从属连词：that, if, whether连接代词：who, whoever whom, whomever ,which ,whichever ,what ,whatever ,whose 连接副词where, when, why, how。其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分,而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. 不可省略的连词：1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. 比较：whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：1. whether 引导主语从句并在句首 2.引导表语从句 3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有"or not" 例：Whether he will come is not clear. The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party. I don't know if he will attend the meeting. 1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如： It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。 It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。 用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： A It + be +形容词+ that-从句例：It is necessary that…有必要……It is important that…重要的是……It is obvious that… 很明显…… B. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句例如：It is believed that…人们相信……It is known to all that…从所周知……It has been decided that… 已决定…… C. It + be +名词+ that-从句例：It is common knowledge that………是常识It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that… 事实是…… D. It +不及物动词+ that-分句例：It appears that…似乎……It happens that…碰巧……It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。 He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging. 二、形容词性从句 引导定语从句的关联词包括: (1)关系代词:that, which, whose, who, whom, as; (2)关系副词:when, where, why。 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成分,关系代词在句中充当动词的宾语时, 一般可省去。关系代词的选用比较复杂, 它受下列条件的制约: (1)先行词是指人还是指
英语三大从句 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which 。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： （一）关系代词who, whom 和whose 的用法 who 代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。 An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 whom 代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。 Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图 书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ whose 一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。 The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose 指代先行词hotel ，正式用法应该用of which 。whose window=the window of which ，意思是：the window of the hotel 。） （二）关系代词which 的用法 which 代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。 I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which 可以换成that ） （三）关系代词that 的用法that 既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。：Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that 可以换成who ） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge? 放在冰箱的冰激凌哪儿去了？（that 可以换成 which ） Is this the book that you want to buy? 这是你要买的那本书吗？（that 可以换成which ，在定语从句作宾语，还可以省略） 二、关系副词引导的定语从句常用的关系副词只有三个：when, where, why ，在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。 （一）关系副词when 的用法 关系副词when 代替的先行词表示的是时间，when 在定语从句作时间状语。 In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often. 北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。（when 先行词是months ） （二）关系副词where 的用法关系副词where 代替的先行词表示的是地点，where 在定语从句作地点状语。
宾语从句用法详解(例句丰富) 一、宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导： 1. that引导 We believe that he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。 The doctor insists that I give up smoking医生坚持要我戒烟。 I suggest that we should go tomorrow. 我建议我们明天走。 I suggested that we should go the next day. 我建议我们第二天走。 We learnt from his letter that he was in Spain. 从他的信里我们了解到他在西班牙。 The seller demanded that payment should be made within five days. 卖方要求5日内付款。 2. whether / if引导 I don’t know whether he’ll arrive in time. 我不知道他是否能及时到。 I didn’t kno w whether they liked the place. 我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。 I’ll see whether I can induce him to accept it. 我要看看我是否能劝他接受。 I asked her whether she agreed. 我问她是否同意。 He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish. 他问她父母是否讲西班牙语。 I wonder if it’s large enough. 我不知道它是否够大。 She did n’t say if he was still alive. 她没说他是否还活着。 3. 连接代词引导 I don’t know who [whom] you mean. 我不知道你指谁。 Please tell me which you like. 告诉我你喜欢哪一个。 I’Il do whatever I can do. 我将做我所能做的事。 You can take whichever you like. 你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。 We’ll do whatever we can to save him. 我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。 Take whichever seat you like. 你要坐哪个座就坐哪个座位。 Give it to whoever you like. 你把它爱给谁就给谁。 You don’t know what you are talking about. 你在说什么，你自己也不知道。 Tomorrow at this time we’ll know who is elected. 明天这时候我们就会知道谁当选了。 4. 连接副词引导