非谓语动词在高考翻译中的应用
【2005年至2009年的上海翻译部分真题】
1.（2005年上海高考翻译第2题）
多吃蔬菜和水果有益健康。(good)
Eating / Having more vegetable and fruits / fruit does good to/ is good for one’s health.
2.（2006年上海高考翻译第5题）
外出旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。(sure)
Be sure to pay attention to protecting the environment and be considerate / think of others if / when / while traveling / doing traveling.
3.（2007年上海高考翻译第3题）
我忘了提醒他面试的时间。(remind)
I forgot to remind him of the time for the interview.
4.（2008年上海高考翻译第5题）
我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)
Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind.
5.（2009年上海高考翻译第3题）
只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。（keep）
Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.
6. （2010年上海高考翻译第3题）
看到奶奶有些睡意，他拉上窗帘并把电视的音量调低了。(turn)
Seeing Grandmother was sleepy, he drew the curtain together and turned down the TV.
【非谓语动词在高考翻译中的地位】
由以上六年非谓语动词出现在高考翻译中的频率，我们可以看出：动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点, 考纲要求掌握：非谓语动词的时态和语态；他们在英语句子中的作用；非谓语动词的基本用法和含义，非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种句子成分，比如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等；掌握非谓语动词充当相同句子成分时的辨析；掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语义下的运用。
【定义和作用】
非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的一种动词形式，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即：to do, doing和done, 。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。
【非谓语动词的特征】
三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征，虽然它们没有人称和数的变化，但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语。它们都有各自的特征：分词具有形容词和副词的特征；动名词具有名词的特征；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
【不定式】
1.不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语。其中，不定式做状语时，可以分为目的状语、结果状语及原因状语。
2.不定式的形式：to be, to do, to be doing, to be done, to have done, to have been done
【不定式的功能与用法】
1）作主语
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。（百闻不如一见。）
注意：常用不定式做主语的句型有：
1.It+be+名词+to do。
2.It takes sb.+some time+to do。
3. It+be+ adj./n.+ for sb. to do sth. (常见形容词: difficult , important, necessary, impossible, etc.)
4.It+be+ adj.+of sb. to do sth. =sb. be + adj. + to do sth.
(常见形容词:clever, silly, foolish, stupid, wise, kind, rude, impolite, careless, cruel, crazy, etc. 等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，这类词通常是用来形容一个人的品质体征)
2）作表语
Her job is to clean the hall. 他的工作是打扫大厅。
3）作宾语
He was very happy to meet two foreigners and wanted to learn all about Europe.
注意：能够接不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：afford, agree, aim, ask, bear, begin, bother, care, choose, continue, dare, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, forget, hate, help, hesitate, hope, i ntend, learn, like, long, love, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, pretend, refuse, remember, try, wait, want, wish。
4）作宾语补足语
It is an interesting study and can help you avoid difficulty in communication.
注意：某些动词（大都是感官动词）接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，通常不带to，但是当其用于被动语态时to还原。下面的口诀可以帮助大家记住这些动词：“四看（see, watch, notice, observe）三使役（let, have, make）二听（hear, listen to）一感觉（feel）。”
能够接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有很多，常见的有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, direct, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, instruct, invite, oblige, order, permit, persuade, press, recommend, remind, request, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn。
5）作定语
Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you do not know?
注意：某些不及物动词作定语时需要加上一个介词，即构成“不定式＋介词”结构，这个介词是不可省略的。例如：Give me a pen to write with. 给我一支笔写字。另外，还有一种“介词＋which＋不定式”的结构也可以作定语。例如：The young couple needs a lot of money with which to buy a new house. 这对年轻夫妇需要一大笔钱，用来买房子。
6）作状语
Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year to visit her.
注意：①有的语法学家将形容词后的不定式归到宾语。这类形容词有：able, afraid, anxious, careful, content, content, determined, foolish, prepared, ready, slow, willing等。
②在强调目的状语时，不定式前可加上in order或so as，即通常我们所说的“in order to/so as to”词组。有时候为了突出强调目的时，还可将这个词组置于句首，但so as to较少用于句首。
③在so… as to, enough to, only to, too…to等结构中，不定式表示结果。例如：
Will you be so kind as to open the window? 劳驾您打开窗户好吗？
【不定式练习】
1.要保持健康，就得远离多脂食品。﹝greasy food﹞
To keep healthy, keep away from greasy food.
2.我们老师极力主张要得高分必须大量操练。﹝urge﹞
Our teacher urged on the necessity of sufficient practice to achieve a high score.
3. 你最好与几家银行洽谈你的住房贷款事宜，以确定哪一家最适合你。﹝approach several banks﹞
You’d better approach several banks for your house loan to make sure which one best suits you.
4. 如何解决这个问题依旧使设计师们困惑。﹝designers﹞
How to solve this problem is still puzzling the designers.
5. 最好的推销他们品牌的方法是集中精力真正提高他们产品的内在质量。﹝the true intrinsic quality of their products﹞
The best way to promote their brand names is to focus on improving the true intrinsic quality of their products. 【动名词】
1. 动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
2.动名词通常用来表示笼统及泛指的概念或一个完成的动作。
【动名词的功能与用法】
1）作主语
It’s no use crying over spilt milk. 牛奶打翻了，哭也无益。
注意：当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语，通常用在It is no use/ no good/a waste of time/ a great fun+doing…这些句子结构中。
2）作表语（表示主语所具有的特征）
The situation is encouraging.
3）作动词宾语
Have you finished writing the article?
注意：有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，这类动词常见的有：admit, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, fancy, finish, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, stop, suggest等；短语动词有give up, insist on等。为了帮助大家记忆，现将最常用的10个动词的首字母缩略在一起：MEPSKARFI（梅不是咖啡）（M-mind, E-enjoy, P-practise, S-stop, suggest, K-keep, A-avoid, R-risk, F-finish, I-insist on）。
4）作介词宾语
I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me
5）作定语
The Iron Curtain was the statesman Winston Churchill’s term for the dividing line between eastern and western
Europe. 铁幕是政治家温斯顿?丘吉尔使用的术语，指东欧与西欧的分界线。
【动名词练习】
1. 逃避困难是目光短浅的表现。﹝avoid﹞
Avoiding difficulties reflects shortsightedness.
2. 运动后立刻喝太多水对健康有害。﹝immediately﹞
Drinking too much water immediately after doing some sports exercise does harm to your health.
3. 将采取更实际的措施来阻止这种疾病的蔓延。﹝spread﹞
More practical measures will be taken to prevent this kind of disease from spreading.
4. 我认为劝他戒酒是没有用了。﹝advise﹞
I think it no use advising him to quit drinking.
5.她坚持自己一个人做实验。﹝insist﹞
She insisted on doing the experiment on her own.
【分词和独立主格】
1.分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或宾语补足语和主语补足语。其中分词做状语时，可分为时间状语、原因状语、让步状语、条件状语、结果状语、方式状语和伴随状语。注意分词做状语时，分词的逻辑主语就是主句中的主语。
2.非谓语动词中，分词有现在分词和过去分词。
3.独立主格可以做原因状语、时间状语和伴随状语。要注意在独立主格中，分词being一般可以省略。【现在分词的功能与用法】
1）作表语
This English story is very interesting. 这篇英语故事非常有趣。
2）作宾语补足语
We felt the house shaking. 我们感觉房子在摇晃。
3）作定语
If you see soldiers wearing sky-blue helmets, they are United Nations peacekeepers.
如果你看见士兵戴着天蓝色的头盔，他们就是联合国维和人员。
4）作状语
Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn’t take much notice.
5）现在分词的否定结构
现在分词的否定结构是由“not＋现在分词”构成。例如：
Not having received a reply, I sent her an e-mail again. 没有收到回复，于是我又给她发了一封电子邮件。（注意不可以写成：Having not received a reply,…）
6）现在分词独立结构
“名词（或代词）＋现在分词”构成现在分词的独立结构，这个名词或代词就是现在分词的逻辑主语。这种结构常用于书面语，置于句首或句末，作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随动作。
Weather permitting, we will go climbing the mountain. 时间允许的话，我们去爬山。（表示条件）He guiding us, we had no trouble in finding his house. 他引着我们，我们毫不费劲就找到了他的家。（表示方式）
【过去分词的功能与用法】
1）作表语
Are you interested in this TV play?
2）作宾语补足语
His English is so poor that he cannot make himself understood.
3）作定语
English is now an international language, spoken by about 750 million people.
4）作状语
Born into a poor farmer’s family in 1931, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953.
【分词和独立主格练习】
1. 中国，这个世界上增长最快的经济体，已经被视作世界工厂，年生产家大约占所有家电的75﹪。﹝household appliances﹞
China, the world’s fastest-growing economy, has been considered the world’s factory , annually producing about 75 percent of all household appliances.
2.在数学测试中她得到了90分，每辜负她母亲的期望。﹝expectation﹞
She got 90 points in her math tes t, living up to her mother’s expectation.
3. 在教练的帮助下，他刻苦训练，最终获得成功，这使人们对他刮目相看。﹝end up﹞
With the coach’s help, he trained hard, ending up in success, which enabled people to look at him in a different way.
4. 看在钱的份上，他还是决定做兼职。﹝motivate﹞
Motivated by money, he made up his mind to do a part-time job.
5.沿着她父亲的脚步，她长大后想做一名外交官。﹝diplomat﹞
Following in her father’s footsteps, she wants to become a diplomat when she grows up.
【实战演习】
1.当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于游客。(choice)
2.应该鼓励学生将课堂所学的知识运用到实践中去。(apply)
3.勤洗手是避免疾病传染的有效方法之一。（infect）
4..小组讨论有助于更好地理解课文。(help)
5.我希望尽快收到你的照片。（hope）
6.我忘了提醒他面试的时间。（remind）
7.我们打篮球的时间到了。(time)
8.他设法把游客及时送到了机场。(manage)
9. 应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage)
10.我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)
翻译练习2 非谓语动词 1.It is necessary_____________________________________(我们赶上) the world’s advanced levels. 2.His remarks left me ___________________________________________(想知道 他的真实目的) 3._____________________________________________________(在高速公路上 抛锚), his car was carried away by the police. 4.She felt nervous with ___________________________________________________. (众多的目光聚集在她身上) 5.When I __________________________________________,(发现他骗我) I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. 6.He raised his voice in order to _________________________________________________. (为了让观众能听到) 7._______________________________________________(在市区超速) violates traffic regulations. https://www.doczj.com/doc/ca6403581.html,st week, Tom and his friends celebrated his twentieth birthday, _________________________________________________.(尽情地唱歌跳舞) 9.It’s no good _____________________________________________________. (试图说服他不干那件事情) 10. ____________________________________________(一切准备就绪)，they began to make a new experiment.
1)日益恶化的环境已经引起人们的关注。 The environment getting worse has drawn people’s attention. Increasingly deteriorating 2)我们面临的一个迫切的问题是每天产生越来越多的垃圾。 A pressing issue faced by us is that there are an increasing number of rubbish. 3)吸烟是一种令人上瘾的恶习，不仅对吸烟者构成威胁，同时也危及周围的人。 Smoking is an addicted habit, not only threatening smokers themselves but also posing a risk on people around. 4)业余工作挣来的钱将有力的支持学生继续他们求学生活。 Money earned from part-time jobs will greatly support students to pursue their academic life. 5)由于受到网络上过多暴力的影响，有些青少年误入歧途。 Being influenced by massive violence on the Internet, some teenagers are embarking on the wrong paths. 6)现在很多小孩都在隔离中成长，受到父母的影响，把其他孩子当做竞争对手而不是朋友。 Many children grow up in isolation, being influenced by their parents, and they take others as competitors/ rivals instead of friends. 7)总之，该表格说明单身成年人和有子女的家庭比那些由父母组成的家庭更容易陷入贫困 之中。 In summary, the tables shows that single adults and families with children are more likely to end up in poverty than those families having no children. 8)很多人认为体育明星的报酬不合理，尤其是把他们的巨额工资与卓越的医生和科研人 员相比。 Many people believe that sports stars remuneration is not justified, especially compared with that of those outstanding doctors and researchers. 9)家长必须保证自己的孩子学会享受其他的活动，而不是仅仅呆在家里，学会生活在真实 的世界里。 Parents have to ensure that their children learn to enjoy other activities, instead of staying at home, learning how to live in reality. 10)另一方面，鸡肉的消费，呈现出上升趋势，超越了1980年的羊肉和1990年的牛肉。 On the other hand, the consumption of chicken shows an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1990. 11)教师的工资仍然是最大的开销，在1991年达到总值的50%，在2001年达到45%。 Teachers’ salary was still the most important share, taking up half of all expenditure in 1991 and falling by 5% in the next ten years. 12)但是，即使我们购买没有包装的新鲜食物，我们却广泛的使用塑料袋把食物带回家，这 些塑料袋仍会产生垃圾。 Even if we buy fresh food without packaging, it is widespread that we take food in plastic bags home, causing tons of garbage. 13)在拥有本科学位的人群中，有90%是男性，相比看来，只有10%是女性。 As for people who acquired bachelor degree, 90% were males, females only taking up 10%. 14)无论如何，我认为垃圾的产生是因为我们使用一次后就丢弃产生的。 Nevertheless, I assure the huge amount of rubbish being produced is because we use
用非谓语动词翻译下列句子（Spring编辑） (A) 1、我钱不够，不能买这房子。 Being short of money/Not having enough money, I can't buy the house. 2、我比你强，我会跑得比你快。 Being stronger than you,I can run faster than you. 3、发现屋里没人，他便留了一张纸条。 Finding no one in the room, he left a note. 4、经理设法用蹩脚的英语让别人明白了他的意思。 The manager managed to make himself understood with his broken English. 5、你觉得不舒服就别去游泳了。 Not feeling well, you'd better not go to swim. 6、吃太多的肉，你会变胖的。 Having too much meat, you'll get fatter. 7、我们这儿禁止抽烟。谁让你抽烟来着？ We forbid smoking here. Who has permitted you to smoke here 8、看见我穿得破烂，那售货员拿出最便宜的衣服给我。 Seeing me dressed in rags, the assistant showed me the cheapest suit. 9、浇太多的水花会死的。 Watered too much, the flower will die. { 10、我昨天挨雨淋了，感冒了。 Caught in the rain,I got a bad cold now. 11、他们说说笑笑地向我们走来。 They went to us ,talking and laughing. 12、身在异国他乡，一个人会很快改变旧习惯。 Being in a foreign country, one may soon change his old habits. 13、在那跳舞的那个女孩也很会唱歌。 The girl dancing there sings well. 14、在警察包围之下，绑架者无路可走只得放弃。 Surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had nothing to do but give up. 15、今天他病了，没来学校。 Being ill,he doesn't come to school today. (B) ￥ 1、双手在身后紧握(clasp)着，父亲在房间里来回踱了十分钟。(with) My fahter walked up and down the room for ten minutes, with his hands clasped behind him. 2、因为在又大有拥挤的超市里迷了路，可怜的Jack突然大哭起来了。 Lost in a big and crowded supermarket, poor Jack burst out crying. 3、两个战犯进入了那间废弃的屋子，后面有两个手里拿枪的士兵紧跟着。 The two prosoners of war came into the abandoned house, followed by two soldiers, gun in hand.
非谓语动词经典练习题 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．What will you do if the people ______ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech? A．sitting B．sit C．sat D．to sit 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果坐在大厅后排的人们听不清演讲你该怎么办？根据题干中谓语动词have trouble doing判断出前面填非谓语结构，“人们”和“坐”是主动关系， 故选A。 2．Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man ____ from around 2,300 B．C．A．dated B．dating C．dates D．to date 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：几年前，他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的男子坟墓。date from表示“追溯到(某一时期)，始于(某一时期)”，a tomb of a man（男子的坟墓）与date from之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词短语作后置定语，若用句子表示二者之间的关系，可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 B．C．故选B。 3．I’m afraid that I can’t attend Tom’s wedding party ______ next weekend. A．to be held B．being held C．held D．is to be held 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词作定语。句子中已经有了谓语can't attend，故此处应填非谓语动词，首先排除D。hold与party构成被动关系，但ABC答案均表被动。因此再根据时间 状语next weekend可确定填不定式表将来，故选A。考查非谓语动词作定语时，要注意看与所修饰名词之间的关系，判断是主动还是被动。同时还要注意从时间上判定，不定式作定语表将来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。 考点：考查非谓语动词作定语。 4．(天津) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated. A．being allowed B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
非谓语动词翻译练习： I. Complete the sentences. 1) Success means ___________________________________________(非常努力地工作). 2) John meant ____________________________________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障). 3) I heard him ______________________________________________(在跟他的母亲谈话). 4) I heard him ______________________________________________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). 5) He jumped into the pool to save the child ______________________________________ (结果却摔断了自己的腿). 6) He jumped from the burning house, __________________________________(摔断了双腿). 7) He was happy _____________________________________________________(看到父母很健康). 8) _______________________________________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief. 9) ________________________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda. 10) The pop, _______________________________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans. II. Translate the Chinese into English. (请在句子划线部分使用非谓语动词或者独立主格结构) 1、我钱不够，不能买这房子。 2、我比你强，我会跑得比你快。 3、发现屋里没人，他便留了一张纸条。 4、经理设法用蹩脚的英语让别人明白了他的意思。
非谓语动词专项练习题及答案详解 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．It didn’t take a long time for the connection between the missing money and our partner’s new car ______. A．to make B．to be made C．making D．being made 【答案】B 【解析】 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为“丢钱和我们伙伴的新汽车的关系很长时间才被发现”。题干用了一个句型“It＋takes/took＋时间段＋for＋sb．＋不定式”，表示“某人干某事花费了多长时间”，the connection和make之间是被动关系，因此，用不定式的被动形式。故选B。 【名师点睛】 汉语思维习惯和表达习惯是中国学生做英语试题的头号障碍，要克服这种障碍，必须理解动作和动作对象之间的语态关系。本题考查的是短语make connection, make是谓语，connection作make的宾语，此题的难度是把make变成了被动语态的不定式。 2．For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit________on his own farm. A．grown B．being grown C．to ge grown D．to grow 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：早餐，他只喝来自他自己农场种植的新鲜水果的果汁。grow作定语修饰fruit ，grow与fruit之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。B项表示正在进行；C项表示还未发生，均不符合题意。故选A。 3．（北京）During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. A．share B．to share C．having shared D．shared 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品
（英语）高一英语非谓语动词专项训练及答案及解析 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say. A．thinking of B．to think of C．thought of D．think of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当Peter在公众场合说话的时候，他总是很难想到合适的说话的内容。have trouble（in） doing sth 做某事有困难。故选A项。 2．The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if_____ regularly, can improve our health. A．being carried out B．carrying out C．carried out D．to carry out 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查状语从句的省略句：当主从句的主语一致的情况，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，If carried out="if" proper amounts of exercise are carried out。句意：实验表明，适量的锻炼，如果被定期进行，能提高人们的健康。选C。 考点：本题考查省略句式 点评：如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语动词中有 be 动词，从句的主语连同be 可一起省略，该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等，连词为when, while, though, if, unless, although, as if 等，后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。 3．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer. A．not finishing B．had not been finished C．not having finished D．not finished 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：在这里，our work处在逗号位置，作整个句子的原因状语，这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，故选D。 考点：独立主格结构的考查 点评：独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
【英语】英语非谓语动词练习题含答案及解析 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．________ nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel. A．Having spent B．To spend C．Spent D．To have spent 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：已经花完了几乎所有的钱，我们无法支付住宾馆的费用。动词不定式表将来和目的，根据句意可知，“花钱”的动作发生在过去，排除B、D；过去分词表完成和被动，we与spend是主谓关系，应该用现在分词，排除C；当两个动作有先后关系时，用现在分词的完成式，现在分词的完成式在本句相当于because we have spent nearly all our money，表原因。故选A。 2．What will you do if the people ______ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech? A．sitting B．sit C．sat D．to sit 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果坐在大厅后排的人们听不清演讲你该怎么办？根据题干中谓语动词have trouble doing判断出前面填非谓语结构，“人们”和“坐”是主动关系， 故选A。 3．Hearing the news, she rushed out, ________ the book ________ on the table and disappeared into the distance. A．left; lain open B．left; lay opened C．leaving; lie opened D．leaving; lying open 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查现在分词。句意：听见这个消息，她冲了出去，留在书本打开着放在桌子上，就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系，使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是形容词表示状态，lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。 【点睛】 leave的几种用法 leave除了离开之外，还有以下几种用法： 一、作"留下"、"丢下"、"落下",常表示某物落在/忘在某地。
后跟动名词作宾语的动词及词组有：+ v-ing abandon放弃, allow允许, admit承认, avoid避免, advise建议, appreciate感激, consider 考虑, delay推迟, deny否认, dislike讨厌, escape逃脱, enjoy喜欢, excuse原谅, face面对, finish 完成, forgive原谅, forbid禁止, fancy幻想, imagine想象, include包括, keep继续, mention提及, mind介意, miss错过, pardon原谅, practise练习, permit允许, postpone推迟, risk冒险, recall回忆起, recollect回想, resent憎恨, resist抵制, require要求, stop停止, suggest建议, understand理解, as well as doing除做…以外, be busy doing忙于做, be engaged indoing忙于做, be used todoing习惯于做, be worth doing值得做, be proud of doing对做…自豪, be open to doing对做…开放, be reduced to doing被迫做, be opposed todoing反对做, care for doing喜欢做, can’t help doing禁不住做, can’t stand doing不能容忍做,catch sb. doing当场抓住某人做, devote oneself to doing致力于做, excuse/forgive/praise/scold/criticize … fo r doing原谅/表扬/批评…做, feel like doing想要做, find oneself doing发现自己不知不觉做, get down to doing 开始认真做, give up doing放弃做, give way to doing为做…让步, give rise to doing导致，造成做, give one’s mind to doing专心于做, have trouble/difficulty in doing做…有困难, have a good/hard time (in) doing做…快乐/艰难, have none of doing不理会做, instead of doing非但不做，代替做, insist on doing坚持做, it’s no use/good doing做…没用, keep on doing一直/反复做, keep sb.busy doing使某人忙于做,lead to doing导致做, look forward to doing期待做, object to doing反对做, pay attention to doing注意做, put off doing推迟做, prevent/keep/stop … from doing阻止…做, persist in doing坚持（固执）做, point to doing针对做, spend some time in doing费时做, stick to doing坚持, see to doing处理, thank sb for doing 感谢, turn to doing转而做, etc. 后跟不定式作宾语的动词有： afford to do负担得起做, agree to do同意做, aim to do目标在于做, ask to do要求做, arrange to do安排做, attempt to do企图做, appear to do似乎做, beg to do乞求做, claim to do 声称做, choose to do选择做, dare to do敢于做, decide to do决定做, declare to do宣布做, demand to do要求做, desire to do渴望做, determine to do决定做, expect to do期待做, fail to do不能/没有做, happen to do碰巧做, hesitate to do犹豫着做, help to do帮助做, hope to do 希望做, intend to do打算做, learn to do学会做, long to do渴望做, manage to do努力做, offer to do愿意做, promise to do答应做, plan to do计划做, pretend to do假装做, prepare to do准备做, prove to do证明做, refuse to do拒绝做, resolve to do决心做, seem to do似乎做, swear to do发誓做, tend to do倾向做, threaten to do威胁说要做, want to do想做, wish to do, would like to do; 下列跟不带to 的不定式：can’t (choose/help)+ but, would rather, why not, would you please, had better, rather than. 下列接动名词作宾语，但要用不定式作宾补：~ + v-ing ; ~ sb. to do㈨advise, allow, consider, encourage, forbid, permit, understand, urge, send. 下列词接不定式和动名词作宾语意义有区别：
高考英语非谓语动词练习题及答案 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．（北京）_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience A．Travel B．Traveling C．Having traveled D．Traveled 【答案】B 【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。 点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 2．Premier Li Keqiang delivered a speech at the conference, _________ university graduates to start their own business. A．encouraging B．to encourage C．having encouraged D．encouraged 【答案】A 【解析】 非谓语动词结构作非限定的后置定语，修饰先行词演说（“a speech”）。动词鼓励（“encourage”）与先行词构成主动关系，且为进行动作，因此用现在分词进行形式。现在分词进行：doing句意：李克强总理在会上发表了一个演说，鼓励大学毕业生创造自己的企业。 3．I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A．to wind B．wind C．winding D．wound 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我抬头向上看，注意到一条蛇正在蜿蜒向树上爬来获取它的早餐。分析句子可知，wind its way作宾语补足语，winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，故选C。 4．（天津）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________. A．taking B．taken C．being taken D．take
1.增加农民的收入使我们现在面临的主要问题之一.(face) To increase famer’s income is one of the main issues/ problems facing us now. 2.成功的语言学习者善于抓住一切与说这种语言的人交流的机会而不是等待机会. (instead 偶 of) A successful language learner is good at catching all the chances to communicate with native speakers instead of waiting for a chance. 3.购买保险的人们保护自己免受重大损失的一种方法.(protect) Buying insurance is way / in which that people can protect themselves against great losses. 4.他向我保证不再拖拉交作业.assure He assured me that he would never delay handling in his homework. 5.在高考终于到难题时, 冷静和自信是成功的关键. meet with When you meet with difficult problems in the college entrance examinations, being calm and confident in the key to success. 6.他给我写了一封信,信上说他不可能在规定时间内起程. saying He wrote me a letter saying that there was no possibility of his setting out in the given time. 7.我们每个人都热切期盼2010年在上海举办的世博会. eagerness Everyone of us is looking forward to the 2010 would expo to be held in shanghai with great eagerness. 8.短暂的犹豫使他失去了赢得奥运金牌的机会. cost A moment of hesitation cost him the chance of winning/ to win the Olympic gold medal 9.正在建造的图书馆将于明年初向公众开放. open The library built will open to the public at the beginning of the next year.
班级_________ 姓名_________ 学号_________ 非谓语动词选择与翻译练习 一、单项选择： 1.The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success. A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place 2._______ by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to do good deeds. A. Inspired B. Being inspired C. To be inspired D. Inspiring 3.It's no good _______ here. Let's go home. A. to wait B. waited C. waiting D. being waited 4.I listened to the wind, ______ that he would not come tonight. A. thinking B. to think C. thought D. being thinking 5.I remained _______ long after I had been told the story. A. puzzling B. puzzled C. being puzzled D. to be puzzled 6.The article ________on this subject was written by Mr. Black. A. referring B. referred C. referring to D. referred to 7.Living near the sea, ___________________. A. we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight B. healthy air and beautiful sight is what we enjoy C. it is healthy air and beautiful sight we enjoy D. so we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight 8.__________ since the night before, I felt very hungry. A. Having not eaten anything B. Not eating anything C. I hadn't eaten anything D. Not having eaten anything 9.We then listened to the child ________ the article ______ on the blackboard. A. read, writing B. reading, writing C. to read, written D. read, written 10.________ it with me and I'll see what I can do. A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave 11._________ such a chance, why don't you have a try? A. To give B. Having C. Given D. Giving 12.We discussed the plan that we would like to see ________ the next week. A. carry on B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 13._________ made them much disappointed. A. His not coming back B. Not his coming back C. He not to come back D. Not he come back 14.Five people were reported ________ in the accident. A. to be killed B. to kill C. killed D. to have been killed 15.I flew to Paris this morning, my assistant ________ me there this Friday. A. joining B. to join C. will join D. wants to join 16.____________ , I went to the park with my uncle. A. As holiday B. Being no classes C. Since have no classes D. It being a holiday 17. "Do you mind _________?" "Go ahead." A. opening the door B. your opening the door C. my opening the door D. I opening the door 18. I have one or two things ____________. A. to look B. to see C. to see to D. to look to 19.I came into the classroom, ______ my seat and sat down to read.
用非谓语动词翻译下列句子（S p r i n g编辑） (A) 1、我钱不够，不能买这房子。 Being short of money/Not having enough money, I can't buy the house. 2、我比你强，我会跑得比你快。 Being stronger than you,I can run faster than you. 3、发现屋里没人，他便留了一张纸条。 Finding no one in the room, he left a note. 4、经理设法用蹩脚的英语让别人明白了他的意思。 The manager managed to make himself understood with his broken English. 5、你觉得不舒服就别去游泳了。 Not feeling well, you'd better not go to swim. 6、吃太多的肉，你会变胖的。 Having too much meat, you'll get fatter. 7、我们这儿禁止抽烟。谁让你抽烟来着？ We forbid smoking here. Who has permitted you to smoke here? 8、看见我穿得破烂，那售货员拿出最便宜的衣服给我。 Seeing me dressed in rags, the assistant showed me the cheapest suit. 9、浇太多的水花会死的。 Watered too much, the flower will die. 10、我昨天挨雨淋了，感冒了。 Caught in the rain,I got a bad cold now. 11、他们说说笑笑地向我们走来。 They went to us ,talking and laughing. 12、身在异国他乡，一个人会很快改变旧习惯。 Being in a foreign country, one may soon change his old habits. 13、在那跳舞的那个女孩也很会唱歌。 The girl dancing there sings well. 14、在警察包围之下，绑架者无路可走只得放弃。
译英练习200句 1．中国是一个发展中国家，属于第三世界（the Third World）China is a developing country, belonging to the Third World. 2．没有士兵在操练。（定语） There are no soldiers drilling. 3．学走路的孩子常跌脚（定语） A child learning to walk often falls. 4．在这里干活的人都来自农村。（定语） The men working here are all from the countryside. 5．那天向我们讲话的那个人到日本去了。（定语） The man speaking to us has gone to Japan. 6．有许多学生在车站等着欢迎外籍教师。（定语） There are a lot of students waiting to welcome the foreign teachers. 7．他在大学里学习的那个妹妹是个党员（定语）。 His sister studying at college is a Party member. 8．他妹妹在大学里学习，她是个党员。（和上句比较）His sister, studying at college, is a Party member. 9．我昨天在河边遇到了麦克，他在钓鱼。（定语） Yesterday at the riverside I met Mike , fishing. 10 ．史密斯先生昨天作的报告非常有趣（定语） The lecture given by Mr. Smith was very interesting. 10．这些实习生(trainees)制造的机器运转良好。（定语）The machines made by the trainees work very well. 11．她给儿子的礼物是本字典。 The present given to his son was a dictionary. 12．他们当中一些人，生长在农村，从未见过火车。 Some of them, born and brought up in the countryside, have never seen a train. 13．正在修建的这座房子将作我们的餐厅。 The building being built will be served as our dining- hall. 14．我们在规定的时间和地点见到了他。 We met him at the time and place given. 15．当时所用的仪器（instrument）是新式的。 The instrument used at that time was new. 16．这些是旧汽车。 These are used cars. 17．我昨天收到了一封用英文写的信。 Yesterday I received a letter written in English. 18．在那棵大树底下朗读的那个女孩是谁？