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华师研究生英语口语汇总

华师研究生英语口语汇总
华师研究生英语口语汇总

1,Mass media, parents, peers and schools are the agents of consumer socialization. Please explain these four agents in the process of consumer socialization.

A: Good morning ,my friends. Have you heard about consumer socialization, do you know what is it?

B: I don`t know. Who can explain it to me?

C :In my opinion, consumer socialization is the process by which children acquire the skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary to f unction as consumer.’

D: oh, So it is! I don`t know it until today.

A: I think there are many agents of consumer socialization, such as parents, peers, mass media and so on. What do you think about the agents of consumer socialization?

B: From your explanation ,I guess children acquire their consumer behavior norms by observing their parents and older siblings, who function as role models for basic consumption learning.

C: Meanwhile, consumer socialization also serves as a tool by which parents influence other aspects of socialization process.

D: I agree with you. For example, parents frequently use the promise or reward of material goods as a device to modify or control a child`s behavior.

A: Consumers are affected by multi-level influences when they choose a product. Peers communication played a major part in forming advertising. Communication between youth influences purchase intentions and exposure to commercials.

B: Yes, The peers` value influence their thought about what is ‘cool’ and what is “In”. Th ey therefore become alert to how to behave in public, what they buy and what they wear.

C:School education also has a great effect on children`s value. With the correct values students can consume wisely. School will have positive effect on students build the sense of consumer and their knowledge of consumer behaviors.

D: we live in a word that is significantly influenced by mass media. So I think the mass media play an important role on consumer socialization. The broadcasting, newspapers and magazines now cover mary areas of China and play growing important roles in people`s daily life.

A: consumer will form their own specific conception , feelings and attitudes when contacting the media, which is the process of consumer socialization by media.

B:yeah! I think the media exerts informative influences among teen consumers in their food shopping. Particular, teenagers turn to advertisements in deciding what and where to buy.

C: While, in a conclusion , Mass media, parents, peers and schools are the agents of consumer socialization.

A:早上好,我的朋友。你听说过消费社会化,你知道这是什么吗?

B:我也不知道`。谁能给我解释一下吗?

C:在我看来,消费者社会化的过程,儿童获得的技能,知识和态度的功能,必要的消费。”D:哦,所以它是!我也不知道`直到今天。

答:我认为有消费者社会的许多药物,如父母,同龄人,大众传媒等。你认为对消费者社会化剂?

B:从你的解释,我想孩子们学习他们的消费行为规范,通过观察父母和年长的兄弟姐妹,作为榜样,学习他们的基本消费功能。

C:同时,消费者社会化也作为一个工具,父母影响的社会化过程的其他方面。

D:我同意你的意见。例如,父母经常使用的承诺或物质作为设备的修改或控制孩子的行为的奖赏`。

一:消费者受到多层次的影响当他们选择产品。同行的交流中起到了广告宣传的一个主要部分组成。青年影响购买意向和暴露于广告之间的通信。

乙:是的,同行`价值影响他们想过什么是“酷”,什么是“在”。他们因此变得警觉,如何在公共场合表现,他们买什么,穿。

C:学校教育也有很大的影响,孩子的价值`。以正确的价值观的学生能够聪明地消费。学校会对学生有积极的影响,建立与消费者的消费行为知识的意义。

D:我们生活在一个词,是大众媒介的影响。所以我认为大众传媒对消费者社会化起着重要的作用。广播,报纸和杂志涵盖中国玛丽地区和`发挥越来越重要的角色,人们的日常生活。一:消费者会形成自己的特定概念,情感和态度在接触媒体,这是消费者社会化的过程中,通过媒体。

B:是的!我认为媒体对信息的影响,青少年消费者在买食品。特别是,青少年把广告在决定什么和在哪里买。

C:同时,总之,大众媒体,父母,同伴和学校是消费社会化剂。

Topic 2

What might be the cause of the allergy ? please give a brief description

of the cause?

A:Good morning ,my friends.

B:Oh!Jing jing ,how are you? What are you feeling now:

C:What`s wrong with her?

B:When I saw her one week ago ,her face was red and swollen.

D:I think it may be caused by allergy.

A:Yes, I`m allergic to pollen .

B:No wonder she is uncomfortable , it`s summer now.

C:But I also went out these days,I`m OK.

D:it depends on personal physical fitness .she have a pollen allergy,but you don’t.

A:In fact, allergies are the most prevalent immune problem we have today. An allergy is a reaction to something that shouldn't normally affect people. Actually ,Allergic reactions are really an action of the immune system.

B: As teacher said earlier, the immune system's job is to protect us from

things that are dangerous to our health. When you have an allergic reaction, it's a signal that the immune system is working too hard.

C:.allergy is that the immune system makes a mistake., it fights to protect you against something that is not dangerous to you, like cats, flowers, or grass,even the dust in the air .

D:allergy has many different reactions .such as rash, sneezing,or difficulty breathing can make people uncomfortable, but are common and generally not too serious.

A:However, some people can develop a much more serious reaction that affects the whole body. This can be very dangerous. In fact, someone can die if no medicine is given to stop the reaction. B:We treat allergies the same way that we try to prevent infectious diseases. We try to build up the immune system by introducing small amounts of the allergen to the body. This makes us less sensitive to the allergen .

C:but in other hand,allergy helps to be in good health. That will reduce the symptoms.

D:keep away from allergen ,it is best way to keep healthy.

A:And finally, a healthy lifestyle can help us build up our immunity.

We can try to live a healthy lifestyle by eating well, exercising,

and being happy.

A:早上好,我的朋友。

B:哦!婧婧,你怎么了?什么是你现在的感觉:

C:什么`是她的错?

B:当我看到她一个星期前,她的脸又红又肿。

D:我认为它可能是由过敏引起的。

答:是的,我` M对花粉过敏。

乙:难怪她不舒服,它`的夏天了。

C:但我也出去了,这些天,我`没事。

D:这要看个人的体质。她有花粉过敏,但是你没有。

答:事实上,过敏是我们今天最常见的免疫问题。过敏是对的东西,通常不影响人们的反应。其实,过敏反应是免疫系统的一个行动。

乙:老师说,免疫系统的工作是保护我们

的东西,对我们的健康是很危险的。当你有过敏反应,这是一个信号,免疫系统工作得太辛苦了。

C:。过敏是免疫系统出错。,它努力保护你反对的东西是不是对你有危险,像猫,花,草,甚至空气中的灰尘。

D:过敏有许多不同的反应。如皮疹,打喷嚏,或呼吸困难会让人不舒服,但是常见的,一般不太严重。

答:但是,有些人还可能出现更严重的反应,影响整个身体。这是很危险的。事实上,有人会死如果没有药给停止反应。

B:过敏,我们试图防止传染病一样对待我们。我们试图通过引入少量的过敏原对身体建立免疫系统。这使我们不太敏感的过敏原。

C:但另一方面,过敏有助于身体健康。这将减轻症状。

D:远离过敏原,这是保持健康的最好方法。

答:最后,一个健康的生活方式可以帮助我们建立我们的免疫力。

我们可以尝试健康的生活方式,健康饮食,锻炼,

和快乐。

3. Should higher education be an elite education? Should higher education be available to all students or only good students? Please state your opinion.

A: We are going to school for many years. What do you really understand education?

B: Yes. Higher education is commonly regarded as education provided by a college or university. C: I also know something about it. Higher education in China is to train specialists for all the sectors of the country’s development.

D: It seems t hat we all know something about higher education. That’s good. Have you heard about the news on diploma mill?

A: I have read the news. The existence of diploma mill has bad influence on higher education and makes people lose trust in higher education.

B: B ut I think what makes people lose trust in higher education is that our country’s higher education has entered the popular stage. Higher education is now not an elite education. I believe higher education should be an elite education and just be provided for elite the elites.

C: I don’t think so. I don’t think higher education should be an elite education, but should be available to all students no matter where they come from. Education is a person’s indispensible right. It shouldn’t just belong to any limi ted group of people or any privileged class.

D: Yeah. The purpose of education is to enlighten people, to inculcate a proper value system in students, to pass on knowledge, and thus to turn the common mass to be useful people for society.

A:I agree with you. If higher education is only available to elites or good students, it will lose its original purpose and meaning.

B: Yes, Only when higher education reaches more people, can it cultivate more useful talents to shoulder the heavy task of building the country and to help make the world a better place to live in.

C: The aim of higher education is to train specialists for all the sectors of the country’s development. That is to say, high education is to train elite people for the country.

D: Higher education should be available to all students who want to master skills and knowledge. Thus all man can get the qualified skills to get a good job and live a good life.

A: Let me say. Higher education in undergraduate stage is the education provided for all students, but higher education in postgraduate stage is the education provided for elite students.

B : Yeah, yeah. I think it’s the point.

答:我们将多年的学校。你真的懂教育?

B:是的。高等教育通常被认为是由学院或大学提供的教育。

C:我也知道一些关于它的事。中国的高等教育是为国家发展的所有部门培训专家。

D:看来我们所有关于高等教育的一些认识。这是很好的。你听说过关于假文凭的新闻?答:我看新闻。文凭工厂的存在对高等教育的影响,使人们对高等教育失去了信任。

乙:但我认为使人失去信任,高等教育是我国高等教育已进入大众化阶段。高等教育已不是精英教育。我认为高等教育应该是精英教育,只供精英精英。

C:我不这么认为。我不认为高等教育应该是精英教育,而应该是提供给所有的学生,无论他们来自哪里。教育是人的重要权利。它不应该属于任何有限的一群人或任何特权阶级。D:是的。教育的目的是启发人们,灌输正确的价值体系在学生,传授知识,从而使普通大众成为对社会有用的人。

答:我同意你的意见。如果高等教育只有精英或优秀的学生,就失去了原本的目的和意义。乙:是的,只有当高等教育发展到更多的人,能培养更多的有用人才,肩负起建设祖国的重任,让世界更美好。

C:教育的目的是为国家发展的所有部门培训专家。也就是说,高等教育是为国家培养优秀的人。

D:高等教育应该提供给所有学生要掌握的技能和知识。因此所有的人可以得到合格的技能,找到一个好工作,过上好的生活。

答:让我说。在本科阶段的高等教育是为所有学生的教育,但在研究生阶段高等教育是为精英学生的教育。

乙:是啊,是啊。我认为这是关键。

4. Please give your comments on the pros and cons of cosmetic surgery.

A: Hey, guys, do you hear about that news, it’s said that that famous actress has had cosmetic surgery

B:it’s ridiculous. She has been a beauty, why does she make cosmetic?

C: Some women are obsessed with their appearances, they don’t satisfy with themselves, so they try their best to look more beautiful. D:Experts estimate that 30 percent people who make cosmetic in Seoul are Chinese.

A:Nowadays, Cosmetic surgery has become so popular in the world. B:With the development of technology, the risks and costs of cosmetic surgery can be minimized.

C:But should we have cosmetic surgery? It is a controversial topic.

D: As we all know, the biggest advantage of cosmetic surgery is its ability to turn an ordinary face to a very lovely one.

A:It can make up for your regret of your body, your face or any other part of your body.

B: It is a mean of gaining confidence and self-esteem. We have to admit that good-looking people are more popular than people who don’t look good.

C:Also,Cosmetic surgery can be beneficial for finding the right job, especially some jobs of the high demand for looks , such as flight attendant, actor and model.

D: In addition to the height and education, appearance is a very important condition. From this point of view, cosmetic surgery fulfills our dreams.

A: However we should not ignore its bad effects. The biggest threat hidden behind the cosmetic surgery is its insecurity.

B:Many tragic incidents have been reported recent years that one gets hurt or blind or even dead when she adopts a cosmetic surgery.

C: Besides the biggest threat, another disadvantage in the cosmetic surgery is its untruthfulness. D: Every coin has two sides. After we discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of cosmetic surgery. Anyway, I still can’t accept cosmetic surgery.

A:嘿,伙计,你听到那个消息,据说那个著名的女演员有过整容手术

乙:这是荒谬的。她是一个美女,她为什么要化妆?

C:有些女人迷恋他们的外表,他们不满意自己,所以他们尽量看起来更漂亮。D:专家估计,百分之30在汉城做整容手术的人是中国人。

答:目前,整容手术已成为世界上如此受欢迎。B:随着科技的发展,整容手术的费用和风险可以最小化。

C:但我们应该做整容手术?这是一个有争议的话题。

D:我们都知道,美容手术的最大优点是把一个普通的脸,很可爱的一个能力。

答:它可以弥补你身体的遗憾,你的脸上或身体的其他任何部位。

乙:这是一个平均增加信心和自尊。我们不得不承认,长得好看的人比那些不好看更受欢迎。C:同时,整容手术可以有利于找到合适的工作,特别是一些工作长相的高需求,如空姐,演员和模型。

D:除身高和教育,外表是一个很重要的条件。从这一点来看,整容手术完成我们的梦想。一:但是我们也不能忽视其负面影响。最大的威胁背后隐藏的整容手术是不安全感。

B:很多悲剧事件的报道最近几年,一个受伤或失明甚至死亡的时候她整容手术。

C:除了最大的威胁,在整容手术的另一个缺点是它的不真实。

D:每个硬币都有两面。在我们讨论整容手术的优点和缺点。不管怎样,我还是不能接受整容手术。

5. When choosing first names for the children, parents may have different reasons. Please illustrate the major reasons.

A: Good morning,Xiaokang ,zhang Yue , and I can`t remember your name.

B:Tian Zhen

C: Today, we are going to talk about first name. What do you know about first name?

D: The first name is the name that precedes the surname. Names are a cultural universal.

A: This means everyone uses names. A person`s name can tell us a bit about a person`s family. B: Yeah, when choosing first names for the children, parents may have different reasons. What do you know the major reasons?

C: I think there are several ways parents choose the first name for their child. And the first way is by family history.

D: In addition ,the second way parents choose a name is after a family member or friend who has died recently.

A: So, given these two methods, what is the most common way parents choose a name?

B: Eh, in American many parents choose a name simply because they like it, or because it`s fashionable or classic.

C: That is it. Fashions in names change just as they do in clothes.

D: Though names may tell us something about someone`s family history, you need to keep in mind that they may not tell us much at all about the present.

A: I know. Take the name Cook, for instance. A person named Cook today probably doesn`t cook for a living.

B: Also, many people who have moved to the United States have changed their names to sound more American.

C: All in all, parents like to choose the names that they like for their own children. American parents are no exception.

D: .But no matter how they choose, most parents would refer to some of the children named books or websites, to choose a more satisfied name.

A:早上好,小康,张越,我可不记得你的名字`。

B:田震

C:今天,我们要谈的第一个名字。知道的名字是什么?

D:第一个名字是姓的名字之前。名字是一种文化的普及。

答:这意味着每个人都使用的名字。一个人`的名字可以告诉我们一点关于一个人的家庭`。乙:是的,选择孩子的名字的时候,父母可能有不同的原因。主要的原因是什么?

C:我觉得有几个家长选择的名字为自己的孩子。和第一种方式是通过家族史。

D:此外,第二父母选择的名字是一个家庭成员或朋友谁最近死了之后。

答:所以,这两种方法,什么是父母最常见的方式,选择一个名字?

B:嗯,在美国许多父母选择一名仅仅是因为他们喜欢它,因为它`或时尚或经典的。

C:是。流行的名字的改变,就像他们做的衣服。

D:虽然名字可能会告诉我们一些关于有人`的家族史,你要记住,他们可能不会告诉我们很多关于目前在所有。

答:我知道。取名字的厨师,例如。一个叫厨师今天可能并` T做为生。

B:另外,许多人都搬到了美国,改变了他们的名字听起来更美。

C:总之,父母喜欢选择他们喜欢为自己的孩子的名字。美国的父母也不例外。

D:。但是无论他们如何选择,大多数家长会参考一些孩子命名的书或网站,选择一个更满意的名字。

6,English: a global language?

A: First ,we know, almost all the Chinese students begin learning English from junior school now. Most of us speak English as a second language.

B: It is not just in China, many countries speak English as a second language now. English is undoubtedly an international language.

C: I agree with you, English is the most widely used language in the world. D: Me to, In transnational business, travel, science and other field, English is the dominant language.

A: Yes,Some people believe: English is the language people all over the world use to communication, Others hold a negative view: there is no official illustration to certificate a worldwide language which is English.

B:In my opinion,I would like take English as a global language.

C:We can see English is the official language of more than seventy-five countries. This means these countries use English in schools, banks, business, and government.

D; Of these seventy-five countries, English may be the only official language of the country, like in England, or English may be used along with other official languages.

A: It’s amazing. What makes English a global language? There must be several reasons for popularity of English.

B: America is the strongest nation in the world, people all over the world come in contact with it, and learning English can offer more opportunities.

C:The establishment of a language as an international language mainly relies on the political dominance, especially the military power of the people who speak it.

D; That’s true. Maybe the fast development o f media like internet, television devoted itself to the English popular, too.

A: But the globalization of English may have the negative impact, too.

B; When we learn English, we can’t ignore the west culture, which makes our culture and language are faced with big challenge.

C: That is true.

D: In conclusion, we must learn English well, but we should not forget to learn our own culture at the same time.

答:首先,我们知道,几乎所有的中国学生从初中开始学习英语了。我们大部分人都说英语作为第二语言。

乙:这不仅仅是中国,许多国家讲英语作为第二语言现在。英语无疑是一种国际语言。C:我同意你的观点,英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言。D:我,在跨国经营,旅游,科学和其他领域,英语是主要语言。

答:是的,有些人认为:英语是母语的人在全世界使用的通信,其他人持否定观点:没有官方的说明证书世界通用的语言是英语。

乙:在我看来,我想把英语作为全球语言。

C:我们可以看到,英语是七十五多个国家的官方语言。这意味着,在学校,银行,企业和政府使用这些国家的英语。

D;这七十五个国家中,英国可能是该国唯一的官方语言,像英国或英国,可用于与其他官方语言。

答:这是惊人的。是什么让英国全球语言?必须有英语普及的几个原因。

B:美国是世界上最强大的国家,世界各地的人们接触,学习英语可以提供更多的机会。C:一种语言的建立作为一种国际语言,主要依靠政治优势,特别是人的军事力量。

D;那是真的。也许媒体如互联网的快速发展,电视致力于英国流行,太。

答:但英语的全球化可能带来的负面影响,太。

B;当我们学习英语的时候,我们不能忽略西方文化,这使我们的语言和文化都面临着巨大的挑战。

C:这是真的。

D:总之,我们必须学好英语,但我们不应忘记学习的同时我们自己的文化。

7,What are the characteristics of a phobia? What are the two theories about the causes of phobias? Please give a brief report of phobias.

A: Today, we are going to talk about a fairly common kind of psychological problem, a phobia. So, do you have ever heard of that?

B: Yes, of course. A phobia is an irrational fear, a kind of anxiety disorder in which the sufferer has a relentless dread of a situation, living creature, place or thing.

C: Phobias are the most common kind of anxiety disorder in the industrial nations.

D:We know that over 50 million people in USA and 10 million people in UK are thought to live with a phobia.

A: At present ,There are three main categories of phobias, specific phobias, social phobia and agoraphobia.

B: Specific phobias are simple phobias which involve a disproportionate fear about specific situations, living creatures, places, activities, or things.

C: I know that social phobia and agoraphobia are the complex phobias. They are linked to a deep-rooted fear or anxiety about certain situations, incidents or circumstances,

D: Yes, and social phobia - now called social anxiety disorder. A person with social phobia finds being in social situations difficult and sometimes unbearable .

A: An individual with agoraphobia is frightened of finding himself/herself in situations where there is no escape;

B: A phobia is not a rational response. It’s a very strong reaction, too strong for the situations. People can be afraid of things without any reasons.

C: And a phobia often lasts for a long time, maybe for some months or even years. I have a friend who was afraid of dark, which lasted several years.

D: Also, the reaction is too strong for a person to control. Even if you tell yourself not to be afraid of the thing, it just didn’t help.

A: Nex t, let’s turn to the causes of phobias. Do you know any theories of phobia?

B: I have learned about it. One theory is that phobia is learned. That means something happens that causes someone, or in a sense “teaches someone” to feel afraid.

C: People can also learn to have phobias by watching how other people react. In fact, doctors find that phobias tend to run in families.

D: Witnessing a family member’s phobia is a common cause for phobias which started during childhood.

A: Another theory says that a phobia is only a sign of a deeper problem. This means that the phobia isn’t the whole problem.

B: I have just said that my friend is afraid of dark. Once he did something bad, his father made him sit in a dark room. His fear of the dark was a sign of his deeper, real fear of his father.

C:YES,I also heard this.

D: So the first theory says that the phobia is the problem itself, and the second theory says that

the phobia is a sign of a deeper problem the person has.

A: When we have phobia, we should take it easy.

B: Actually, everyone is afraid of something. I think being afraid is not something terrible or shameful.

C: On the contrary, fears keep us away from the uncontrollable and unknown dangers.

D:OK,When we take it easy ,the phobia is not a problem.

甲:今天,我们要谈一个很常见的心理问题,恐惧症。所以,你有听说过吗?

乙:是的,当然。恐惧症是一种非理性的恐惧,焦虑症的一种,患者有一个无情的恐惧的情况下,生物,地点或事物。

C:恐惧是在工业国家中最常见的一种焦虑障碍。

D:我们知道,在美国和英国的10000000人中50000000人被认为患有恐惧症的生活。答:目前,主要有三类的恐惧症,特定恐惧症,社交恐惧症和广场恐惧症。

B:特定恐惧症是简单的恐惧症包括关于特定情形的,不相称的恐惧的生物,地点,活动,或事物。

C:我知道,社交恐惧症和广场恐惧症是复杂的恐惧。它们被连接到一个根深蒂固的恐惧或焦虑的某些情况下,事件或情况,

D:是的,社交恐惧症-现在被称为社交焦虑障碍。社交恐惧症的人在社交场合,有时难以忍受。

答:与广场恐惧症,一个人害怕发现自己在没有逃跑的情况;

B:恐惧症是不是一个理性的反应。这是一个非常强烈的反应,因为情况太强。人可以没有任何理由害怕的东西。

C:和恐惧往往持续很长一段时间,也许几个月,甚至几年。我有一个朋友谁害怕黑暗,历时数年。

D:同时,反应过强一个人控制。即使你告诉自己不必害怕的事情,只是没有帮助。

A:接下来,让我们把恐惧症的原因。你知道任何理论的恐惧?

B:我已经了解了它。一种理论认为,恐惧症学会。这意味着一些事情发生的原因的人,或者说在某种意义上的“教人”感到害怕。

C:人们也可以通过看其他人如何反应有恐惧症。事实上,医生发现,恐惧往往运行在家庭。D:见证一个家庭成员的恐惧是恐惧,开始在童年的常见原因。

答:另一种理论认为,恐惧只是一个更深层次的问题的一个标志。这意味着,恐惧并不是问题的全部。

B:我刚才说过,我的朋友害怕黑暗。一旦他做了坏事,他父亲让他坐在一个黑暗的房间。他对黑暗的恐惧是他更深的迹象,他父亲真正的恐惧。

C:是的,我也听见了。

D:所以第一理论认为,恐惧症是本身的问题,和第二理论认为,恐惧症是一个更深层次的问题的人的标志。

答:当我们的恐惧,我们应该放轻松。

B:事实上,每个人都有害怕的东西。我想,怕是没有什么可怕的或可耻的。

C:相反,恐惧让我们远离不可控和未知的危险。

D:好吧,当我们把它简单,恐惧症并不是一个问题。

8,Please describe three waves of immigration in the USA. (eg. Where did the immigrants come from? Why did they choose to immigrate?)

A: OK, now we are coming to the new lesson-immigration in the USA. I supposed that all of you have previewed the text about it.

B: From the text, we can learn that immigration means moving from one country to another permanently and it happens all over the world.

C: Most people immigrate to improve their economic or social situation.

D: Today we are going to learn about three waves of immigration in the USA. Now let’s have a brief chronology of US immigration first.

A: So now I expect some of you to describe these three waves. Any volunteer?

B: Let me talk about the first wave of immigration. It happened in the seventeenth century, the colonial period. Most of the immigrants came from Western Europe.

C: Life was so difficult and some people did not survive, but people felt it was worth the risk to have a better life in the colonies.

D: I should also point out that about 20 percent of the population at this time was African American. However, most weren’t voluntary immigrants because they were brought from Africa as slaves.

A: Thanks for your sharing. Now is anyone else going to tell us something about the second one? B: The second big wave of immigration happened between 1840 and 1920. During this wave, about 37 million people came to the US.

C About 80 percent of these second wave immigrants were from all over Europe. During this second wave, Chinese workers also came to the US, mostly as contract workers.

D: But up to 1891, no one could really control the total number of immigrants. So after 1891, the INS made the laws instead and it opened Ellis Island in New York Harbor.

A: Yeah! Could you please tell us something about the third wave?

B: The third wave started in 1965. the quota system was abolished and a limit total number of people who could enter each year instead. Again, economic opportunity was the main reason people immigrated.

C: Each year, after 1965, many people wanted to immigrate to the US, Actually, the number has been closer to 1 million mainly due to the need for service jobs

D: Well, let’s sum up. There were several waves of immigration into the US. The ma in reason has always been economic; they are looking for better jobs and a better life than they had in their home country.

甲:好,现在我们来学习新课的移民在美国。我认为你们都预习了课文。

B:从文本中,我们可以得知,移民意味着从一国到另一国永久,它发生在世界各地。

C:大多数人移民来改善其经济或社会状况。

D:今天我们要学习的三波在美国移民现在美国移民首先简要年表。

答:现在我希望你们可以来形容这三波。任何一个志愿者?

乙:让我谈谈移民的第一波。它发生在第十七世纪,殖民地时期。大部分的移民来自欧洲西部。

C:生活是如此的困难,有些人没有存活,但人们认为值得在殖民地有一个更好的生活的风险。

D:我也应该指出,目前大约有百分之20的人口是非裔美国人。然而,大多数不是自愿移

民因为他们被作为奴隶从非洲。

A:谢谢你的分享。现在是有人要告诉我们一些关于第二?

B:1840和1920之间发生了移民的第二大波浪。在这波,大约37000000人来到美国。

关于这第二波移民百分之80人来自欧洲各地的。本次风波中,中国工人也来到了美国,大多为合同工。

D:但到1891,没有人能真正控制移民总数。所以1891后,INS的规律相反,它在纽约港开放埃利斯岛。

答:是的!你能告诉我们关于第三波吗?

B:第三波开始于1965。配额制度的取消和限制总人数每年不可能进入。再次,经济机会的主要原因是人口迁移。

C:每年,1965后,很多人想移民美国,实际上,数量已接近1000000,主要是由于服务工作的需要

D:好,让我们总结一下。还有的移民到美国。主要的原因始终是经济的;他们正在寻找更好的工作和更好的生活比他们在自己的国家。

9,please explain why it is necessary for citizens to develop a strong of computer ethics in the modern society

A. Hey guys, did you hear the news about the teenager in New York who hacked into a bank’s database and stole about 30.000 credit card numbers over the weekend? Hacking is related to computer ethics, Do you think it is important to develop a strong of computer ethics in the modern society, Let’s talk about it.

嘿,伙计,你听说纽约小将谁闯入银行的数据库,窃取了约30个信用卡号码在周末的消息吗?黑客是计算机伦理相关的,你认为这是现代社会的一个强大的计算机伦理学发展的重要,让我们谈论它。

B. Ethics is about right and wrong. And ethics deals with moral judgments, with what is acceptable or unacceptable to do.

B.伦理学是关于对与错。伦理与道德判断,什么是可接受的或不可接受的做。

C. Now I will define for you what I mean by an ethical action. An ethics action is something someone does that benefits someone and doesn’t hurt anyone.

现在我将给你我所说的道德行为。道德行为是人们做的好处的人,不伤害任何人。

D. Now we all know what is ethics and ethics action, but what about computers?What are the ethics boundaries for using computers and the Internet?

现在我们都知道什么是道德和伦理的行为,但对于计算机?计算机和互联网使用的道德界限是什么?

A. Indeed, we often ignore the network ethics. In the past decade or so, many more people have started using computers . Can you put forward some ideas about computer ethics?

答:事实上,我们往往忽略了网络伦理。在过去的十年中,越来越多的人已经开始使用电脑。你能提出关于计算机伦理?

B. Firstly, we should not use a computer to harm other people. For example, don’t use a computer in any way t hat will affect someone else’s files without telling them. Respect other people’s privacy is important.

B首先,我们不应该使用电脑伤害别人。例如,不要以任何方式会影响到别人的文件没有告诉他们使用电脑。尊重别人的隐私是很重要的。

C. In my opinion, it is not appropriate to use someone else’s ideas. for example, you hav e to

write a report for school. If you copy a term paper from the Internet and hand it in, you are breaking the rule.

在我看来,这是不恰当的使用别人的想法。例如,你要为学校写报告。如果你复制一个学期论文从网上交,你打破规则。

D. Similarly, don’t use software for which you have not paid. In other word, if the software is free on the Internet, it’s okay to download and use it. However, it is not okay to copy software from a friend, because you didn’t pay for it.

D.同样,不要用软件,你没有付。换句话说,如果在互联网上的软件是免费的,下载和使用它的好。然而,它不是复制软件从一个好朋友,因为你没有为它付出。

A. You are all right, it is necessary for citizens to develop a strong of computer ethics in the modern society.

你所有的权利,它是公民在现代社会强大的计算机伦理学发展的需要。

B. Indeed, computer ethics is about our everyone's interests, we should set up a good computer ethics.

B.事实上,计算机伦理学是关于我们大家的利益,我们应该树立一个良好的计算机伦理。

C. I can’t agree more, there are a lot of rules, but they all boil down to a couple of principles: respect and fairness.

我不能同意更多,有很多的规则,但他们都归结为几个原则:尊重和公平。

D. Uh, in my view, Respect what belongs to others and use resources fairly.

D.呃,在我看来,尊重属于他人的东西和使用资源相当。

A.B.C.D. Agree!

a.b.c.d.同意!

10. DNA testing has been widely used in the medical and judicial fields. Please use examples to illustrate uses of DNA testing.

A: Here is the news, by using of DNA testing, the police has traced a criminal who committed murder twenty years ago.

一:这里是新闻,通过DNA测试使用,警方已追踪二十年前犯下谋杀犯罪。

B: It is the development of DNA testing technology that makes such a case possible.

B:它是DNA检测技术,使得这种情况下可能的发展。

C: Yeah, DNA contains the most fundamental genetic information. Those information are unique for every single person. Thus makes DNA testing the most reliable way for many cases nowadays. C:是的,包含了最基本的遗传信息的DNA。这些信息是每个人独特的。从而使DNA测试最可靠的方式现在很多情况下。

D: I have heard that DNA testing is used by police and doctor. But how does it work?

D:我听说DNA检测是由警察和医生。但它是如何工作的?

A: I know how DNA testing is used by police. The police can use DNA fingerprints to identify and trace criminals.

答:我知道DNA测试是用警察。警察可以使用DNA指纹识别和追查罪犯。

B: All they need is a small amout, or trace, of blood or hair from the crime scene. If the DNA samples from the crime scene can be used as evidence in court. So, DNA testing can be used to help put someone in prison.

B:他们只需要少量,或跟踪,从犯罪现场血液或毛发。如果从犯罪现场的DNA样本,可以

作为证据在法庭上使用。因此,DNA测试可以用来帮助把一个人关在监狱。

C : In much the same way, DNA testing can be used to help innocent people in prison. People in prison can now try to use DNA testing for crimes that happened, say, ten years ago.

C:同样,DNA测试可以用来帮助在监狱里无辜的人。在监狱里的人现在可以尝试使用犯罪发生,DNA测试说,十年前。

D: If their DNA fingerprint does not match the DNA fingerprint from the crime scene, this can help them get a new trial and perhaps get them out of prison.

D:如果他们的DNA指纹不匹配从犯罪现场的DNA指纹图谱,这可以帮助他们获得新的审判,也许他们走出监狱。

A : It is quite convenient for police to figure out the real criminal. But how it used in medical fields?

答:警方找出真正的罪犯,这是很方便的。但它是如何应用于医疗领域?

B : As far as I’m concerned, doctors can use DNA testing to test identity and help with health care. For testing identity, it is much like the usage by police.

B:据我所知,医生可以使用DNA测试来检验身份帮助卫生保健。用于测试的身份,它很像警察的使用。

C: More importantly, DNA testing can be used for healthcare. One important use is to identify potential for health problems. Researchers have found some genes linked to specific diseases. C:更重要的是,DNA检测可用于医疗保健。一个重要的用途是确定潜在的健康问题。研究人员已经发现了一些基因与特定疾病。

D :For example, Hunt ington’s disease is linked to a defect in chromosome 4, and Alzheimer’s disease is linked to a defect in chromosome 19.

D:例如,亨廷顿病与4号染色体的缺陷,与阿尔茨海默病与19号染色体的缺陷。

A : Yes, after doctor perform DNA testing, they can then decide the best way to use the information.

答:是的,医生进行DNA测试后,他们就可以决定要使用的信息的最好的方法。

B: Genetic testing can also be used to decide which medicine to give someone. This is called targeted medicine. To me, this is very excting and promising.

B:基因测试也可以用来决定哪些药给某人。这就是所谓的靶向药物。对我来说,这是非常令人兴奋的和有前途的。

C: Can you tell me the benefits to DNA testing. However, DNA testing can provide the possibility of the relationship of gene and certain health problem, and then it may also against us.

C:你能告诉我到DNA测试的好处。然而,DNA测试可以提供基因和某些健康问题的关系的可能性,然后它也可能对我们。

D: what if your DNA test showed that you had a gene defect linked to a certain type of cancer? D:如果你的DNA测试表明你有基因缺陷与某些类型的癌症?

A : Sure, these are the shortcomings of DNA testing, and measures have been taken on these concerns.

答:当然,这些都是DNA测试的不足,并且已经采取措施对这些问题。

B: In the United States, some laws have been passed to protect the privacy of medical records. B:在美国,一些已经制定了法律来保护病历隐私。

C : In general, DNA testing has many possibilities as well as negative uses. But it may be a big question for us to further discuss the advantages and shortcomings. I guess we will stop here. C:在一般情况下,DNA测试有许多可能性以及消极的使用。但这可能是我们进一步讨论的

优点和缺点的一个大问题。我想我们会停在这里。D: OK, I have acquired a lot for your explanation. D:好的,我已经给你解释了很多。

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