衡阳县三中2019届高考5月模拟卷
英语
（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man looking for?
A. His pen.
B. His book.
C. His phone.
2. What does Carol’s father ask her to do?
A. Talk with her friends.
B. Go out with him.
C. Put on warm clothes.
3. How many members are there in Alice’s group now?
A. Two.
B. Four.
C. Six.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Ways of cooking.
B. Healthy food for kids.
C. Kids helping in the kitchen.
5. What is the woman?
A. She’s a shop assistant.
B. She’s a receptionist.
C. She is a secretary.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给出的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6、7题。
6. Why does the man sound surprised?
A. Lily rejected a job offer.
B. Lily was absent from school.
C. Lily turned down a scholarship.
7. What has Lily decided to do?
A. Travel to Dubai.
B. Stay with her mom.
C. Start a business.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues.
B. Relatives.
C. Classmates.
9. What is Sabrina’s sister doing?
A. Touring in Africa.
B. Teaching in a village.
C. Working in a company.
10. How can Sabrina reach her sister now?
A. By phone.
B. By email.
C. By letter.
听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。
11. What does Maria think of the soup?
A. Tasteless.
B. Just fine.
C. Thick.
12. What does Karl say can be added to the soup?
A. Salt.
B. Onions.
C. Pepper.
13. Where are the speakers?
A. At home.
B. At a restaurant.
C. At a friend’s house.
听第9段材料，回答第14至第16题。
14. When will someone come to check the hot water?
A. This afternoon.
B. Tomorrow.
C. At the weekend.
15. How did the students know about the flat?
A. From a friend.
B. From a newspaper.
C. From a house agency.
16. What will the woman do to settle the problem about the fridge?
A. Pay the students for the new one.
B. Get someone to fix the old one.
C. Order one on the Internet.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。
17. Who is the speaker?
A. An invited guest.
B. A news reporter.
C. A radio host.
18. In what way has the speaker changed?
A. He speaks faster.
B. He becomes heavier.
C. He cooks more often.
19. What is difficult for the speaker to get used to?
A. The food.
B. The weather.
C. The language.
20. What does the speaker think of the French people?
A. A bit cold.
B. Generous.
C. Easy-going.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Keep up-to-date on the topics you love the most with a discount magazine subscription. Whether you enjoy discovering the latest celebrity gossip, or just working on word puzzles that exercise your brain, you can count on DiscountMags to offer you the absolute lowest price on your favorite best selling print or digital magazines and journals.
Disney Princess magazine is the perfect magazine for any little girl! Your daughter will love reading stories, playing games, and making crafts that are all related to her favorite princesses. She will get hours of entertainment from each publication and you will enjoy watching her have so much fun! Order her a discount subscription to Disney Princess magazine today!
Our Price: $28. 97
Cover Price: $ 39. 60
For Over 35 years, National Geographic Kids has given children 6 and up an award-winning combination of photos, facts and fun while encouraging them to learn about the world around them. Featuring jokes, games and activities, National Geographic Kids puts science, technology, archeology, and the animal kingdom at their readers’ fingertips and its fast-paced, addictive format ensures they’ll never be bored. But the real beauty of National Kids is its philosophy of making learning fun.
Our Price: $19. 95
Cover Price: $35. 40
If you love being a hostess, Taste of Home magazine is for you. Filled with recipes, entertaining ideas, healthy meals and photographs of every dish, you’ll find plenty of inspiration inside each issue.
Our Price: $ 16. 99
Cover Price: $ 23. 94
Popular Science magazine is a publication about what is popular in the world of science. From articles featuring information and review about various gadgets, the latest trends in vehicles, scientific discoveries, the latest technologies, and even a do-it-yourself section that you will love, this magazine has a little of everything. Order your discount subscription to the scientific world today!
Our Price: $ 12. 00
Cover Price: $ 47. 88
For more information, please click https://www. discountmags. com/.
21. Which magazine will you subscribe if you want to send a gift to a 5-year-old girl?
A. Taste of Home.
B. Popular Science.
C. Disney Princess.
D. National Geographic Kids.
22. What is SPECIAL about National Geographic Kids?
A. It combines fun with learning.
B. There are articles about scientific discoveries.
C. Kids can learn science, technology, and the animal kingdom.
D. It is a publication about what is popular in the world of science.
23. Where can you find the passage?
A. A newspaper.
B. A guidebook.
C. A magazine.
D. A website.
B
Losing a wallet is one of those careless acts most of us have come across, at some point or the other in our lives. While most of us tend to move on after mourning over the lost necessities, there are a few lucky ones who get them back, with the help of the police or the generosity of the person who finds it.
And then there is Hunter Shamatt, who not only got back his wallet but with some added happiness that was tagged along!
Hunter was on his way to attend his sister’s wedding on a Las Vegas-bound flight when he realized that he has misplaced his wallet, sometime during the journey. Hunter’s family reached out to the Frontier flight to enquire if someone had handed it over to them. Unfortunately, there was no sign of the missing wallet.
But wait. The story was far from over. Just a week after Hunter’s sister’s wedding, he received a package in his mail. And guess what? There was his wallet! Surprisingly, the wallet was not the only thing that was inside the package. It also had a handwritten note for Hunter which turned out to be a bonus! The piece of paper read,
“Hunter, Found this on a Frontier flight from Omaha to Denver — row 12, seat F wedged between the seat and wall. Thought you might want it back. All the best.
P. S. I rounded your cash up to an even $100, so you could celebrate getting your wallet back. HAVE FUN!!!”
Moved by the touching gesture, Hunter’s mom, Jeannie Shamatt, decided to write a post on Facebook giving a detailed description of the incident. She also urged everyone to share the post as she would like to meet and greet the person behind the act of kindness, personally.
Now, thanks to the astonishing power of social media, the post finally reached the man behind the note. The man was identified as Todd Brown and it was one of his co-workers who made sure Jeannie
Shamatt’s post reaches his colleague. Jeannie turned to Facebook again to thank Brown and his family for restoring her faith in humanity.
“I try to teach my children to do the right things in life, help people when you can regardless of the outcome. This story is more about restoring faith in people than anything. We hear a lot of bad news but not enough good news. I personally want to thank Todd Brown and his wife for restoring faith that there are amazing people out there. ”
24. How did Hunter Shamatt get his wallet back?
A. Todd Brown sent it back.
B. The police mailed it back.
C. He found the wallet by himself.
D. The Frontier flight helped him get it back.
25. What things were found in the package?
A. A wallet and a tag.
B. A wallet and a note.
C. A note and a tag.
D. A mail and a tag.
26. How did Hunter’s mom feel after receiving the package?
A. Touched.
B. Uninterested.
C. Satisfied.
D. Confused.
27. What does the author intend to convey?
A. Friendship.
B. Freedom.
C. Kindness.
D. Justice.
C
Learning New Vocabulary during Deep Sleep
Sleeping time is sometimes considered unproductive time. This raises the question whether the time spent asleep could be used more productively, e. g. for learning a new language? Up-to-now sleep research focused on the stabilization and strengthening of memories that had been formed during wakefulness. However, learning during sleep has rarely been examined. There is enough evidence for wake-learned information undergoing a revision by replay in the sleeping brain. The replay during sleep strengthens the still weak memory and leaves the newly acquired information in the pre-existing store of knowledge.
If re-play during sleep improves the storage of wake-learned information, then first-play, i. e. the initial processing of new information, should also be possible during sleep.
The research group of Katharina Henke examined whether a sleeping person is able to form new semantic（语义的）associations between played foreign words and translation words during the brain cells’ active states, the so-called “Up-states. ” It turned out to be that what they thought was reasonable. When we reach deep sleep stages, our brain cells progressively coordinate their activity. During deep sleep, the brain cells are commonly active for a brief period of time before they jointly enter into a state of brief inactivity. The active state is called “Up-stat e” and the inactive state “Down-state”. The two states alternate（交替）about every half-second.
New evidence for sleep-learning challenges current theories of sleep and theories of memory. The concept of sleep that we are separated from the physical environment is no longer reasonable. "It’s false that complex learning be impossible during deep sleep," says Simon Ruch, co-first-author. "In how far and with what consequences deep sleep can be applied for the acquisition of new information will be a topic of research in upcoming years," says Katharina Henke.
The research group of Katharina Henke is part of the Interfaculty Research Cooperation (IRC). Thirteen research groups in medicine, biology and psychology are part of the IRC. The aim of these research groups is to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms（原理）involved in sleep and consciousness.
28. Which of the followings haven’t sleep researchers achieved so far?
A. People can learn vocabulary during deep sleep.
B. Memories can be stable and strong during sleep.
C. Wake-learned information can appear in the sleeping brain.
D. Re-play during sleep improves the storage of wake-learned information.
29. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A. “Up-state” and “Down-state” appear in turn during deep sle ep.
B. “Up-states” is another name for the brain cells’ active states.
C. Semantic associations are important for language learning.
D. The brain cells’ active states are central for sleep-learning.
30. What will researchers do within several years according to the passage?
A. Make study in the following fields such as medicine and biology.
B. Separate us from the physical environment.
C. Apply deep sleep for information learning.
D. Discover the concept of sleep.
31. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce a new way of vocabulary learning.
B. To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms.
C. To challenge current theories of sleep and theories of memory.
D. To explain the possibility of vocabulary learning during deep sleep.
D
The Secret to Happiness
A new report makes it clear that when it comes to the life satisfaction of UK citizens, the ball is in the government’s court. For some time, sensible people have been arguing that governments need to focus less on economic growth and more on the wellbeing（幸福）of citizens. Be careful what you wish for.
In response to this demand, from 2011 David Cameron instructed the Office for National Statistics to gather data on people’s self-reported happiness and life satisfaction. Little practical good has come from this so far, but a new report by George Bangham for the Resolution Foundation is one of the best attempts to make useful sense of the data. He concludes: “The best prospects for policymakers targeting future increases in national wellbeing lie in raising job quality, raising incomes, particularly at the lower end, and policies to improve security in the housing market. ”
The age correlation（相关）turns out to be certainly linked to politics, despite the fact that no political party can make a difference to your date of birth. The happiness of pensioners is not just a function of their age, but of policy. On average, 70-year-old boomers today are the most affluent retirees in history, often owning their own homes and in receipt of generous pensions. People of 70 are not going to be as content in 30 or 40 years’ time if they are unable to retire, don’t own their homes and have small incomes.
However, there is one respect in which teens and recent retirees are remarkably similar. Compared to other age groups, they tend to inhabit a sweet spot of having high degrees of freedom. The typical 16-year-old has new freedoms without ever having had any serious responsibilities. The typical 70-year-old, having experienced a lifetime of work and family duties, has a very different kind of freedom, one born from relief.
Besides，it should not surprise us to find that people tend to be happier when they have fewer worries. But this, too, has important political implications. If the government is really interested in raising overall national happiness, it has to make sure as many citizens as possible feel secure in their health, their housing and their incomes. Different states’ records in achieving this is one important reason why Nordic countries repeatedly score highly in international life satisfaction surveys and North America underperforms relative to its GDP.
Whichever way you look at it, there is no escaping the conclusion that increasing wellbeing across society requires joined-up, long-term policy efforts. This is exactly what the Resolution Foundation
recommends.
32. What can be conveyed from the sentence “the ball is in the government’s court” in Paragraph 1?
A. The government officials are fond of playing ball games.
B. The government determines national happiness.
C. The government makes citizens feel happy.
D. The government is in a ball game.
33. What does the underlined word “affluent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Responsible.
B. Careful.
C. Honest.
D. Rich.
34. According to the author, the secret to happiness is freedom and _________.
A. income
B. health
C. security
D. destiny
35. What is the author’s attitude to the function of government on national happiness?
A. Negative.
B. Positive.
C. Doubtful.
D. Unsatisfactory.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking
Public speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.
The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience. 46 For persuasive speech,the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech about, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke.
47 Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage.
Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech. 48 A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look up to the speaker to give them something new and useful. 49 Language and delivery alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said. 50
A. It needs to be used clearly.
B. These speeches mark special occasions.
C. The important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.
D. The key of perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.
E. They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.
F. Knowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it.
G. Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audience’s expectation.
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Geraniums(天竺葵）of Love
As the fifth of seven children, I went to the same public school as my
three elder sisters and brother. Every year, my mother went to the same ceremony and had parent-child interviews（亲子交流会）with the same teachers. The only thing different was the child. And every child 41an old school tradition—the annual plant sale（拍卖会）held in early May, just in time for 42 Day.
Third grade was the first time that I was allowed to take part in the plant sale. I wanted to surprise my mother. 43 , I didn't have any money. I went to my eldest sister and 44 the secret, and she gave me some money. When I arrived at the plant sale, I carefully made my 45 . I agonized（苦苦思索）over that decision, 46 each plant to ensure that I had indeed found the best geranium. The moment I had smuggled it home, with the help of my sister, I 47 it on the upstairs neighbor’s porch.
I was very afraid my mother would find it before Mother's Day, but my sister assured me that she wouldn't, and 48 she did not. When Mother's Day arrived, I was bursting with pride when I gave her that geranium. I remember how bright her eyes were, and how delighted she was with my 49 .
The year I was fifteen, my younger sister reached third grade. In early May, she came to me full of wonder and secrecy and told me that there was going to be a plant sale at school and she wanted to 50 our mother. Like my 51 sister did for me, I gave her some money and off she went. She arrived at home full of 52 excitement, the geranium hidden in a paper bag 53 her sweater. “I looked at every plant,” she explained, “and I know I got the 54 one!”
I helped my little 55 hide that geranium on the upstairs neighbor's porch, assuring that our mother wouldn't find it before Mother's Day. I was there when she gave my mother the geranium, and I watched them both bursting with pride and 56 . It was like being in a dream I had already dreamed. My mother noticed me 57 , and she gave me a soft secret smile. Shocked and puzzled, I 58 back. I had been wondering how my mother could 59 to be surprised at this gift from her sixth child. But as I watched her eyes light up with delight as she was 60 with that most precious gift, I knew she was not pretending.
41. A. passed down B. participated in C. broke with D. carried on
42. A. Women’s B. Father’s C. Children’s D. Mother's
43. A. Besides B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore
44. A. shared B. discovered C. guarded D. unlocked
45 A. plan B. preparation C. present D. selection
46. A. watering B. growing C. inspecting D. protecting
47. A. showed B. potted C. packaged D. hid
48. A. indeed B. instead C. properly D. anyhow
49. A. performance B. grades C. gift D. presence
50 A. inspire B. surprise C. satisfy D. relax
51. A. youngest B. eldest C. cleverest D. bravest
52. A. nervous B. youthful C. increasing D. false
53. A. on B. beside C. behind D. under
54. A. shortest B. rarest C. best D. strongest
55. A. sister B. brother C. cousin D. friend
56. A. confusion B. anxiety C. delight D. astonishment
57. A. listening B. watching C. smelling D. tasting
58. A. waved B. smiled C. signed D. called
59. A. pretend B. continue C. appear D. try
60. A. impressed B. satisfied C. associated D. presented
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China, which takes pride in four inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability 61 (change) the world with its “new” four great inventions: high-speed railways, electronic payment, shared bicycles and online shopping.
Recently, the “new” four great inventions 62 (improve) the quality of people’s lives. Thanks to online shopping and mobile payment, people can buy what they want 63 (simple) with a tap of the phone within doors. High-speed trains have shortened 64 journey from Beijing to the coastal city Tianjin to half an hour. As for the bikes, they themselves are not new. It is the operating model of bike-sharing 65 (base) on satellite navigation(导航)system, mobile payment as well as big data 66 has surprised the world. Shared bicycles are bringing cycling back 67 people’s lives and they are making public transport more 68 (attract). It is increasingly clear that China is no longer 69 (copy) western ideas and is leading in many new ways. A growing number of foreign 70 (company) hope to promote the development in their home country by highlighting the need for technological achievements like that of China.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。
删除：把多余的用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Jack,
How is it going recently? I am delight to tell you that our school photograph club is going to hold a International Photograph Show. Here is some informations about it. Protect environment is the theme of the show. It will start from June 15 in next month and last three weeks. Any student who is interested in it is welcome participate. You take good pictures but you have always wanted to do something what interests you. This is certain a good chance for more people to see it. You can send your photos to intphotosshow@gm. school. com.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华,你的外国朋友Tom发现中国人很喜欢红色，但是他不确定中国人在什么场合使用红色。请你给他写封信，告诉他中国人对于红色的理解和使用。要点如下：
1. 中国人对于红色的理解和使用场合；
2. 使用红色的一些禁忌。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入词数
Dear Tom,
I am glad to receive your letter.
_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
英语参考答案
第一部分听力（共两节，每题1.5分，满分30分）
1-5 ACBCB 6-10 CBABC 11-15 ACBAB 16-20 AABCA
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，每题2分，满40分）
21-25 CADAB 26-30 ACADC 31-35 DBDCB 36-40 CDAGE
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，每题1.5分，满分45分）
41-45 BDCAD 46-50 CDACB 51-55 BADCA 56-60 CBBAD
61.to change 62.have improved 63.simply 64.the 65.based
66.that 67.to 68.attractive 69.copying https://www.doczj.com/doc/cf5748282.html,panies
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题，满分10分）
Dear Jack,
How is it going recently? I am delight to tell you that our school
delighted
photograph club is going to hold a International Photograph Show. Here
an
is some informations about it. Protect environment is the theme of the
information Protecting
show. It will start from June 15 i\n next month and last three weeks. Any
student who is interested in it is welcome^ participate. You take good
to
pictures but you have always wanted to do something what interests you.
and that
This is certain a good chance for more people to see it. You can send your
certainly them
photos to intphotosshow@https://www.doczj.com/doc/cf5748282.html,.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
第二节（满分25分）
One Possible Version
Dear Tom ,
I am glad to receive your letter. In your letter, you mentioned that we Chinese prefer red but you are at a loss about when to use it. Here , I will tell you something about it.
Yes, we do like red, because red stands for happiness and good fortune in our culture. Therefore, you can see people wear red clothes and hang red lanterns in Spring Festival. And the senior citizens even give their grandchildren some lucky money in red envelops. Besides, young couples also dress red on their traditional weddings.
However, be sure to avoid wearing red clothes during some sad events,such as attending funerals and visiting some patients. If you do so, it is really rude. I hope my explanations will be of use for you.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
听力原文
Text 1
M: I can’t find my pen anywhere. It was on the desk with my book a moment ago.
W: Look! Here it is. You left it by the phone.
Text 2
W: Can I go out with friends, Dad?
M: Yes, Carol, but you can’t go out in those clothes. It’s freez ing today.
W: Okay, Dad. I’ll wear something warmer.
Text 3
M: How big is your research group, Alice?
W: Well, there were six of us to begin with. Then two people left.
Text 4
M: Do you often ask your kid to help in the kitchen？
W: Yeah, Sarah enjoys pouring, mixing, and serving her creations to family members.
M: Good! According to an article I’ve just read, that encourages healthy eating in kids.
Text 5
W: Front Desk. Can I help you?
M: Oh, may I ask for a wake-up call, please?
W: Yes, sir, what time do you want?
Text 6
M: Lily, don’t you think the scholarship from New York University is something great? Why did you decline this offer?
W: I do realize the value of the scholarship. But, if I could explain, my mother doesn’t want me to go overseas.
M: Why?
W: You know, I’m the only child in the family. My mother will be living alone most of the time for three years in my absence. She cannot even think of it.
M: Nobody to take care of her?
W: My father travels a lot to many countries and he is doing business in Dubai now. I have to do a lot for my mom at home.
M: Oh, I see. You are very considerate.
Text 7
M: Anna just emailed to say that the managers’ meeting is put off till next Monday. Will you have everything ready by then, Sabrina? Hey, Sabrina, what’s wro ng?
W: I’m so worried. I haven’t heard from my sister for two weeks.
M: How often do you call each other?
W: Normally at least once a week, but she’s now a volunteer teacher at a mountain village in Africa. I can only write her.
M: The mail can be really s low sometimes. I’m sure you’ll hear from her soon.
W: I hope so.
M: You know the saying, “no news is good news.” If something were wrong someone would have called you.
W: Maybe you’re right. Thanks, Jason.
Text 8
W: I’m not sure about this soup, Carl. It h as no taste.
M: No! I don’t think so, Maria. It tastes fine to me. We’ve been to this place before, and I don’t feel the soup tastes any different.
W: Well, I still think it needs something. Salt?
M: No, certainly not. What about pepper? If anything, I think it could use a little more of that.
W: Now you’re talking. That’s exactly what it needs. And how about some more onions too?
M: I don’t know about that. You seem to be starting to like food with strong tastes recently.
W: Oh, really?
Text 9
M: Good morn ing. I’m one of the students who rented your flat. It’s 55 Park Road.
W: Oh, yes. Everything all right?
M: Not exactly. I’m afraid there are a couple of problems.
W: Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. What kind of problems?
M: Well, we haven’t had any hot water f or a couple of days now. I wonder if you could send someone to have a look at it.
W: Of course. I’ll get someone to come around at the weekend.
M: Well, could he come around a bit sooner? I don’t think we can manage until the weekend.
W: I see. Okay. I’ll send someone over this afternoon then.
M: There’s also the matter of the fridge. We all assumed there would be one in the flat when we moved in, because that’s what we read from the advertisement in the newspaper.
W: Ah, yes. Sorry about that. I got rid of the old fridge, but I didn’t get around to ordering a new one yet. I’m really sorry. I’ll order one today and get it delivered to you tomorrow.
M: We bought one on the Internet actually. But could you pay us back?
W: Of course. Just tell me how much you paid for it.
M: It’s 260 pounds. Thank you.
Text 10
M: Hello everyone! I’m very happy to be invited to this program today. I’d like to share with you my impression of Paris. Actually, there’s something interesting to see in every corner of Paris: the old bu ildings, neighborhoods, and the historical monuments. The weather’s been great too, cool and dry. Some aspects of life here are different from those in the United States. The most obvious thing is that there is much more activity in the streets than in a typical US city. People gather together in open markets, cafes, parks, and squares. Then, of course, there’s the food. Food seems to be more important here. It’s beautifully shown in windows and markets. Everything is fresher and better tasting than at home. I’ve gained five pounds since I arrived. There are a few things that bother me though. I’m still having a hard time with the language. People speak very fast and it’s hard to get them to repeat things. People, in general, are less warm here and it’s hard to make friends. I guess that can be true in any big city in a new country, but the French do seem to be less friendly than the people back home.
衡阳县三中2019届高考5月模拟题 文科综合 第Ⅰ卷 一、选择题：本题共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。24．有学者认为，西周通过“封建”与各地存留的氏族势力分享政治权利、经济利益，通过怀柔政策实现与地缘的整合。这反映 A．宗法观念利于家国同构 B．血缘政治的时代特点 C．贵族特殊的政治地位 D．分封制加强了对全国控制 25．有学者指出，宋真宗时期一般官员都有“官”和“差遣”两个头衔，有的官还有“职”的头衔，“官只是说明他可以领取俸禄，而职才有实际的权力。不但宰相为临时的职务，天下无官不为临时职务”。这主要表明 A．中央集权的强化 B．用人权的中央化 C．官僚制度的工具化 D．吏治的皇权化 26．下表为不同文献关于唐朝土地状况的记述，由此可以推知 A．土地买卖得到法律保护 B．税收制度变革成为历史逻辑 C．士农工商社会结构发生变 D．政府推行不抑兼并的土地政策 27．汉元帝永光元年，“春霜夏寒，日青无光”，元帝下诏指责大臣失职，于是丞相于定国便以灾异引咎辞职。这说明“天人感应”学说 A．深入人心，为君臣所接受 B．论证了皇权的合法性 C．减少了灾异所带来的消极影响 D．内容发生了变化 28．1901年，清政府下诏实施新政，光绪帝发布上谕指出：“大小臣工，清夜自思，即无拳匪之变，我中国能自强耶？夫无事且难支持，今又构此奇变，益贫益弱，不待智者而知。”这表明清政府 A．对民主革命浪潮深为担忧 B．对世界近代化潮流作出主动回应
C．对空前的政治危机作出被动应对 D．对积贫积弱局面进行了理性的反思 29．抗战期间，许多外国人涌入中国西北，来到中国共产党建立的抗日大本营延安，其中美国人最多。这一现象说明 A．中共领导人卓越的国际视野 B．延安是反法西斯大本营 C．南京国民政府国际地位下降 D．中共在抗战中地位日益 重要 30．下图为1700～1890年中国和欧洲占世界GDP的份额变化示意图，导致这种变化的主要原因是 A．中西自然科学非对称发展 B．中西生产技术非对称发展 C．中西生产关系非对称发展 D．中西政治制度非对称发展 31．据统计，1899—1918年，中国国内出现了多篇《共产党宣言》的译文，译者主要采用片译、段译和摘译等方式进行翻译；翻译的内容也被夹杂在社会进化论、改良主义、三民主义等社会思潮中传播。这一现象说明当时A．国人对马克思主义理解尚浅 B．文学革命影响译者表达方式 C．新民主主义革命需要各种理论 D．译者尝试了马克思主义中国化 32．有学者说：“罗马人从来不偏离同具体案件、具体法律生活所保持的永恒联系；他们不喜欢为构造而创建构造，而是一直注意着法律构造所产生的具体影响，并参考这些影响，以优雅和符合逻辑的方式围绕法律构造开展工作。”这主要表明罗马法 A．注重形式 B．注重理论 C．注重实践 D．注重反响 33．卢梭曾经说过：“理性欺骗我们的时候是太多了，我们有充分的权利对它表示怀疑；良心从来没有欺骗过我们，它是人类真正的向导”。“人类一旦成为理性的奴隶，和受神权摆布一样可悲”。“我决定在我的一生中选择情感这个东西。”这说明卢梭 A．倡导个体主义的取向 B．批判理性的思维方式 C．力图摆脱宗教的束缚 D．丰富了人文主义内涵 34．18世纪以前，英国人习惯用自家的小园子供养自己。19世纪中期，英国工人的饮食水平随着工资水平变化，工资较高的工人，特别是家里每个人都能挣点钱的那些工人，吃得较好；在工资最低的工人中，土豆成了唯一的食物。材料意在说明当时英国 A．食物供应商品化趋势明显 B．工业革命摧毁了小农经济 C．新航路开辟改变了饮食结构 D．城乡居民生活水平差距拉大
桃江一中2019年上期入学考试试卷 高二数学(理) 命题人：胡芳举 审题人：张 兵 时 量：120分钟 总 分：150分 一、选择题：本大题共12个小题，每小题5分，共60分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只 有一项是符合题目要求的. 1．设集合{}{}1,2,2,3,4A B ==，则A B = （ ） A ．{}1,2,3,4 B ．{}1,2,2,3,4 C ．{}2 D ．{}1,3,4 2．33cos cos sin sin 510510 π πππ-= （ ） A ．1 B ．0 C ．1- D ．2 1 3．如果命题p 且q 是假命题，则 （ ） A ．p 、q 都是假命题 B ．p 、q 中一个是真命题，一个是假命题 C ．p 、q 中至多只有一个真命题 D ．p 、 q 都是真命题 4．已知直线21y x =-与直线30x my ++=平行，则m 的值为 （ ） A ． 2 1 B ．21 - C ．2- D ．2 5．下列不等式的解集是R 的为 （ ） A ．0122 >++x x B ．02>x C ．01)2 1 (>+x D ． x x 131<- 6．在等比数列{}n a 中，若101,a a 是方程2 60x x --=的两根，则47a a ?的值为 （ ） A ．6 B ．6- C ．1- D ．1 7．已知空间向量a ＝(1，1，0)，b ＝(－1，0，2)，则与向量a ＋b 方向相反的单位向量e 的坐标是 （ ） A ．(0，1，2) B ．(0，－1，－2) C ．(0, D ．(0,-- 8．如图，一只蚂蚁在边长分别为3，4，5的三角形区域内随机爬行， 则其恰在离三个顶点距离都大于1的地方的概率为 （ ）
衡阳县公开招聘教师学校简介 一、衡阳县第一中学 衡阳县第一中学前身为湖南私立光华中学，创建于1945年。学校五易校址，三更校名。1997年搬迁到县城城西大道39号。1998年获“湖南省重点中学”称号，2004年获“湖南省示范性普通高级中学”称号，是衡阳县唯一一所省级示范性普通高中。 学校占地近300亩，建筑面积11万平方米，教学设备设施齐全；学校现有教职员工340余人，其中特级教师3人，高级教师110余人。教学班级64个，在校学生4100余人。学校办学历史悠久，底蕴深厚，师生和谐，发展稳定。学校先后获得“全国基础教育名校”“全国高质量特色办学单位”“湖南省文明单位”等几十项荣誉称号。中央文明委和省委宣传部的领导称赞学校为“文明的殿堂，人才的摇篮，教育的窗口”，《人民日报》赞誉学校为“三湘教育一明珠”。多家知名媒体对学校的办学成果进行了推介报道。中国科技大学、中南大学、湖南大学等十几所名牌高校及单位授予我校“优秀生源基地”称号。 学校教学区、生活区、运动区相对独立，又融为一体，规划科学，布局合理，校园环境优美，绿树葱茏，绿草成茵，建有励志亭、树人亭、飞天雕塑、名言警句牌、假山曲水、文化广场等景观，不是花园，胜似花园。学校校风正，学风浓，管理严，质量高，高考录取总人数连续10多年荣居衡阳市榜首，是衡阳市乃至湖南省的高考大户，20余名学生被北大、清华录取，被社会各界称为“高考场上的不倒翁”。2015、2016年连续荣获“衡阳市普通高中高考质量目标奖”。 二、衡阳县第二中学 衡阳县第二中学坐落于古镇渣江。这片物华天宝、人杰地灵的土地孕育了清代名臣彭玉麟，哺育了清代大书法家曾熙，诞生了当代著名作家琼瑶。衡阳县二中，历史悠久，源远流长。其前身光华中学上个世纪初就置办于此。1956年秋，渣江完全小学附设初中班在光华中学旧址上开班，1958年更名为“衡阳县第二中学”，并由当代文豪郭沫若亲笔题写校名。 衡阳县二中是一所公办县属高中，学校校园面积近百亩，建筑面积37450平方米，学校固定资产8000万元，现有教职工147人，开设教学班32个，学生2200余人；学校新建有教学楼、体育馆、艺术楼、实验楼、教师新村等，硬件设施完备；花圃草地，绿树修竹，杂缀其间，校园春有花，夏有阴，秋有果，冬有绿，环境优雅，景色宜人，是宜教、宜学、宜居的理想场所。
湖南省桃江县第一中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期中考试 语文试题 时量：120分钟总分：150分 命题人：徐兰汀审题人：周建兵 一、基础知识（每题3分，共21分） 1、下列词语中加点字的注音，有错误的一组是（） A．寥廓．(ku?) 踌躇．(chú) 恪．(kè)守勠．（lù）力同心 B．颓圮．(pǐ) 炽．(chì)烈喋．(dié)血遒劲．有力（jìng） C．团箕．(jī) 创．(chuāng)伤解剖．(pōu) 忸怩 ．．（niǔní）不安 D．契．(qì)约标识．(shí) 削．(xuē)减前仆．后继（pú） 2、下列各句中没有错别字的一项是（） A、撑一支长蒿，向青草更青处漫朔。 B、至于这回在弹雨中互相救助，虽陨身不恤的事实，则更足为中国女子的勇毅没有消亡的明证。 C、这里阳光明媚，绿树成阴，绿草如荫，在集中营大门附近，孩子们在追逐游戏。 D、面对天疆的呼唤，翌年，毛泽东挥动了他那扭转乾坤的大手：“我们也要搞人造卫星！” 3.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是（） A、老张今年65岁，短小精悍 ．．．．，思维敏捷，干起活来一点不比年轻人差。 B、他虽然在监狱里度过了三年的峥嵘岁月 ．．．．，但出狱后仍然恶习不改，继续作恶乡里。 C、每到四月中旬漫山遍野的梨花就风华正茂 ．．．．地绽放开来，村庄就完全笼罩在一片白色的世界里。 D、著名歌唱家刘欢演唱的那首《赞诸葛》真是长歌当哭 ．．．．，如泣如诉，让人潸然泪下。 4、下列各句中，加点词语的解释有误的一组是（） A．若不阙秦，将焉．取之焉：哪里 微．夫人之力不及此微：没有 B．项伯者，项羽季父也，素善．留侯张良善：以……为善 然则将军之仇报，而燕国见．陵之耻除矣见：被 C．愿举国为内臣，比．诸侯之列比：并，列 项伯杀人，臣活．之活：使……活 D．既祖．，取道祖：临行祭路神，引申为饯行和送别。 乃遂收盛樊於期之首，函．封之函：用匣子 5、下列文学常识有错的一项是：（） A、词萌芽于南朝，兴起于隋唐时，到宋代进入全盛时期。词最初称为“曲词”或者“曲子词”。 B、四书五经：《大学》《中庸》《论语》《孟子》合称“四书”。《诗经》《尚书》《礼记》《周易》《春秋》合称“五经”。 C、《左传》是我国第一部叙事详细的国别史著作，相传为春秋末年鲁国史官左丘明所做。
桃江一中2015级高一新生入学考试物理试卷 满分100分，时量90分钟 考生注意： 1．计算题要求写出必要的文字说明、公式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分。2．本卷中取g=10N/kg或g=10m/s2。 一．选择题（3分*15题=45分） 3.下图所示的工具中，属于费力杠杆的是（） 4.如图所示的电蚊拍，具有灭蚊和照明等功能．当开关S1闭合，S2断开时，只 有灭蚊网通电起到灭蚊作用；当开关S1和S2都闭合时，灭蚊网与灯都通电同时 起到灭蚊和照明的作用．下列电路设计符合这种要求的是（） C 6.“094型”潜艇是我国自行研制的新一代潜艇当它从深海中上浮而未露出水面的过程中，它 受到的海水的( ) A.压强减小，浮力不变 B压强减小，浮力增大 C.压强减小，浮力减小 D压强增大，浮力不变 7.我国研制的“神舟九号”试验飞船在返回地面通过大气层的飞行中，下列说法中不正确的 是( ) A．飞船的机械能保持不变B．飞船的一部分机械能转化为内能 C．飞船的势能越来越小D．飞船的外表温度会升高 8.如图所示，用滑轮组把重为200N的货物提到9m高的楼上，所用拉力为80N，则总功和滑轮 组的机械效率分别是( ) A.1400J 80% B.1800J 80% C.1800J 83.3% D.2160J 83.3% 10. 汽车在平直的公路上运动，它先以速度v行驶了2/3的路程，接着以20 km/h的速度驶完 余下的1/3路程，若全程的平均速度是28 km/h，则v是() A．24 km/h B．35 km/h C．36 km/h D．48 km/h 9.下图所示的实验中，演示磁场对通电导体有力的作用的是( )
湖南省岳阳县第一中学【最新】高二上学期期中考历史试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．孔子说“学而优则仕”，而他的弟子曾参要求“士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远。仁以为己任，不亦重乎？死而后已，不亦远乎？”。这表明儒家 A．强调学养与修养并重 B．具有强烈的社会责任意识 C．以“仁”为思想核心 D．注重追求功名的官本位思想 2．学者李泽厚认为，中国传统思想一般表现为重“求同”。它通过“求同”来保持和壮大自己，具体方式则经常是以自己原有的一套来解释、贯通、会合外来的异己东西，就在这种会通解释中吸取了对方，模關了对方的本来面目而将之“同化”。以下符合这一说法的是 A．孟子主张“民贵君轻” B．董仲舒提出“天人感应 C．二程倡导“格物致知 D．顾炎武宣扬“经世致用” 3．史载，唐代的公主中改嫁者即有27人，其中有2人甚至3嫁。皇室如此，民间更为普遍，如大儒生韩愈的女儿就曾改嫁。这一现象说明该时期 A．打破儒家的伦理规范 B．封建统治思想得不到认可 C．儒家思想受佛道冲击 D．社会风气开放和民族融合 4．顾炎武批评王阳明心学是“清谈之流祸”，读书人“不综当代之务，举夫子论学、论政之大端一切不问”，“以明心见性之空言，代修己治人之实学”，终于导致明朝的灭亡。对上述顾炎武观点理解正确的是 A．心学导致人们道德沦丧 B．心学使儒家丧失正统地位 C．心学的流弊是空谈误国 D．心学背离理学的思想原则 5．下表反映了明末清初中国出现的西方著作类别。对表中信息解读正确的是
A．大量的西方科技文化被介绍到中国 B．西方著作传播的知识以人文科学为主 C．清政府大力提倡学习西方科学技术 D．明清时期中西方文化的交流日趋频繁 6．来雅典讲学的哲学家普罗塔哥拉在其著作《论神》中说：“我不能断定神是否存在，认识神障碍众多，第一是对象不明，第二是人生短暂。”结果其著作被公焚，普罗塔哥拉被控“不敬神”，只好逃离雅典并死于途中。由此可见古代雅典 A．人文主义思想缺乏广泛的群众基础 B．公民个人自由受到严格限制 C．人们心中神的地位至高无上 D．统治阶级利用神权来巩固统治 7．苏格拉底是西方哲学史上第一个从理性角度研究人的哲学家，他一生都在探求什么是正义，什么是非正义；什么是国家，具有什么品质的人才能治理好国家，治国人才应该如何培养等等，从而实现了古希腊哲学由“自然哲学”向“伦理哲学”的转变。这从侧面反映出他 A．重视培养雅典公民的理性思维 B．捍卫思想自由与民主权利 C．已认识到雅典民主政治的缺陷 D．试图扩大公民的基本权利 8．有人认为：“文艺复兴说到底是阿尔卑斯山以南的富庶世界，尤其是意大利的一场华丽而感性的时髦风潮，宗教改革则是贫穷而道德严谨的北欧世界的一场质朴而深刻的思想革命。”作者意在说明宗教改革 A．影响的广泛性超过文艺复兴 B．与经济发展程度有密切关系
湖南省桃江县第一中学2019-2020年高一上学期期中考试 物理 一、选择题 1.下列关于质点的说法正确的是( ) A. 研究和观察日食时，可以把太阳看成质点 B. 研究地球的公转时，可以把地球看成质点 C. 研究地球的自转时，可以把地球看成质点 D. 原子核很小，可以把它看成质点 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】研究和观察日食时，太阳的大小直接影响观察结果，所以不可以把太阳看成质点，故A错误；研究地球绕太阳的公转时，地球的大小对于和太阳之间的距离来说太小，可以忽略，所以可以把地球看成质点，故B正确；研究地球的自转时，地球有大小和形状不能忽略，不能看作质点，否则就无法分辨地球的转动故C错误；质点并不是体积很小，就能看成质点，而是物体自身大小对所研究的问题没有影响，虽然原子核很小，有时候不能把它看成质点，故D错误。所以B正确，ACD错误。 2.下列说法正确的是（） A. 加速度为零的质点一定处于静止状态 B. 加速度减小，质点速度的增量一定减小 C. 加速度变大，质点速度一定变大 D. 加速度越大，速度变化率一定越大 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】A.加速度为零的质点处于静止或匀速直线运动。故A错误； B.加速度减小，如果速度方向与加速度方向相同，速度增加。故B错误； C.加速度变大，如果速度方向与加速度方向相反，速度减小，故C错误； D.加速度表示物体速度变化的快慢，速度变化越快，速度变化率越大，加速度也一定越大。故D正确。 3.一物体以a=4m/s2的加速度做匀加速直线运动，物体在任意1s内 A. 位移都是2m B. 位移比前1s增加2m
C. 末速度是初速度的4倍 D. 速度增加4m/s 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】A.物体做匀加速直线运动，在任意1s 内的位移是不断增加的，不可能都是2m 。故A 错误。 B.由： △2241x aT ==?=4m 所以任意1s 内的位移比前1s 内位移增加4m 。故B 错误。 CD.由： △v at = 可知加速度为4m/s 2 ，任意1s 时间内，速度增加4m/s ，而末速度不一定是初速度的4倍。故C 错误，D 正确。 4.足球以4m/s 的速度飞来，运动员把它以12m/s 的速度反向踢出，踢球时间为0.2s ，设球飞来的方向为正方向，假设踢球的时间内足球做匀变速运动，则足球在这段时间内的加速度是（ ） A. －40m/s 2 B. 40m/s 2 C. －80m/s 2 D. 80m/s 2 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】设球飞来的方向为正方向，则v 0=4m/s ； 运动员立即以12m/s 的速度反向踢出，则v =-12m/s ，方向为负。所以加速度为： 0124800.2 v v v a t t -?--= ===-? m/s 2 故选C 。 5.物体甲的速度-时间图象和物体乙的位移-时间图象分别如图所示，则两个物体的运动情况是（ ） A. 甲在0﹣4s 时间内有往返运动，它通过的总路程为12m B. 甲在0﹣4s 时间内通过的位移为零 C. 乙在t =2s 时速度方向发生改变，与初速度方向相反 D. 乙在0﹣4s 时间内通过的位移为零 【答案】B
考试语文试题 分值100分时量120分钟 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（阅读题）和第Ⅱ卷（表达题）两部分，共22道小题。 第Ⅰ卷（阅读题，共43分） 阅读下面文章，完成1-3题。（6分） 跪拜：从表达礼敬到自示卑贱 从历史的角度来看，跪礼的涵义在唐宋之际发生了重大的嬗变。唐宋之前，中国是没有椅子的，只有一种叫做“胡床”的坐具，是贵族才使用的奢侈品。一般情况下，人们都是席地而坐。我们现在熟悉的高型坐具，如交椅、靠背椅、高凳等，都是在宋代才开始普及开来的。唐代时虽然已出现椅子，但应用不广，只限于贵族与士大夫家庭。 高型坐具的出现，改写了中国传统的礼仪方式。在席地而坐的先秦时代，中国人通行跪拜礼，跪拜是自然而然的，因为正规的坐姿就是双膝跪席，跪礼不过是挺直上身，再配上手部与头部的动作，如作揖、稽首、顿首，以表示对对方的尊敬，而对方也须还礼答谢。这个时候的跪拜礼并没有包含尊卑之意，臣拜君，君也拜臣。跪拜只是相互表达礼敬与尊重。 秦汉以降，君臣之间方有尊卑之别，体现在礼仪上，臣拜君，君不再回拜，但尚要起身答谢。到椅子出现之后，中国人席地而坐的习惯发生改变，跪拜的动作更是带上了强烈的尊卑色彩——从椅子上到地上跪拜对方，显然透露出以卑事尊的味道。 也因此，除了“天地君师亲”，宋人基本上不用跪礼，迎别待客一般都是用揖逊、叉手之礼。宋朝臣对君，当然也有需要隆重行跪拜礼的时候，但那通常都是在极庄重的场合与仪典上，如每年元旦、冬至日举行的大朝会、三年一次的郊祀大礼，自然是极尽繁文缛节。至于君臣日常见面礼仪，当是揖拜之礼。 从元朝开始，带屈辱、卑贱性质的跪礼才推行开，清廷更是变本加厉，不
但大臣奏事得跪下，皇帝降旨宣答，众臣也必须跪着听训。至此，跪礼原来所包含的向对方表达礼敬与尊重之意已经淡化，而下跪者自我示卑、示贱之意则日益凸显出来。 从宋至清，跪礼的变迁，不过是时代精神蜕变的投影而已。如果比较宋代与清代的精神风貌，它们是完全不同的：宋代士臣敢振言告诫皇帝：“天下者，中国之天下，祖宗之天下，群臣、万姓、三军之天下，非陛下之天下。”至于廷争面折之事，更是不胜枚举。而清代的士大夫已经全无宋人风骨，竟以获得在圣上之前自称“奴才”的待遇为荣。 士大夫已是如此，草民更不用说了。宋代的平民见官，尽管也讲尊卑有序，但大体上还可以维持尊严，见多识广的京城之民，更是不畏官长，常抓着官府的短处不放，跟官长争长短，也不给官长好面色看，急了就写检举信，或者到京师的直诉法院——登闻鼓院控告。而清代的平民，不但见官得先跪拜叩头，老百姓向衙门呈交诉状禀词，都以“蚁”或“蚁民”自称，官府称呼其治下小民，也直接叫“蚁”。人民在官府面前表现得如此卑贱，只怕是前所未见的。 古人说，“礼者，时为大”。礼仪的应用，还是以顺应时宜为第一要义。基于此，支持对跪拜礼的恢复显然是不合时宜的。 （有删改） 1．下列具体语境中的跪拜礼的分析，不正确的一项是（3分）（） A．南宋覆灭后，文天祥被元人俘至大都，文天祥向蒙元丞相博罗只长揖不跪拜，既表现他不向敌人屈服的民族气节，又体现了中国文化基本的待人礼节。 B．当前古装戏从春秋剧到清宫戏，朝臣见到天子一律伏在地上叩头三呼万岁，君主高高在上岿然不动，这是违背跪拜礼的传统的。 C．西汉的张禹，曾是汉成帝的授业师，后任宰相，治理出西汉后期少有的中兴盛世。致仕家居后病重，成帝亲自探望，并在张禹床前行跪拜之礼，表现成帝对功臣的体恤。
湖南省岳阳县一中2016届高三第一次阶段考试 语文试卷 分值： 150分命题人：徐新农 一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题 20世纪后期，陕西凤雏村出土了刻有“凤”字的甲骨四片，这些“凤”字的形体大致相同，均为头上带有象征神权或王权的抽象化了的毛角的短尾鸟。东汉许慎《说文解字》云：“鸑鷟，凤属，神鸟也……江中有鸑鷟，似凫而大，赤目。”据此，古代传说中鸣于岐山、兆示周王朝兴起的神鸟凤凰，其原型应该是一种形象普通、类似水鸭的短尾水鸟。 那么，普通的短尾鸟“凤”为何在周代变为华冠长尾、祥瑞美丽的神鸟了呢？我们看到，在商代早期和中期的青铜器纹饰中，只有鸟纹而没有凤纹，真正的凤形直到殷商晚期才出现，而且此时是华冠短尾鸟和华丽而饰有眼翎的长尾鸟同时出现，可见“凤”是由鸟演变而来的。综观甲骨文和商代青铜器，凤鸟的演变应该是鸟在先，凤在后，贯穿整个商代的不是凤而是鸟。“天命玄鸟，降而生商”，在商人的历史中鸟始终扮演着图腾始祖的重要角色。 《左传》记载郯子说：“我高祖少皡挚之立也，凤鸟适至，故纪于鸟，为鸟师而鸟名。凤鸟氏历正也，……九扈为九农正。”凤鸟氏成为“历正”之官，是由于它知天时，九扈成为“九农正”，也是由于它们带来了耕种、耘田和收获的信息。殷人先祖之所以“鸟师而鸟名”，应该是由于这些随着信风迁徙的鸟，给以少皡为首的商人的农业生产带来了四季节令的消息。 对凤鸟的崇拜起于商代，其鼎盛却在周代。正是在周代，“凤”完成了其发展程序中最后也是最重要的环节：变为神鸟凤凰。许多历史资料记载了周王室在克商前后对“天命”的重视。《尚书》“周书”十二篇中大量出现的“命”字多指天命，“殷革夏命”也是常见的语句。武王在甲子日牧野之战结束后，紧接着就“不革服”“格于庙”(来不及换衣服就到神庙参拜)，这个“庙”自然不可能是周庙，而是商人的神庙。这说明周王室急于把商人的正统接过来，成为中原合法的统治者。周人之所以宣扬天命，归根结底在于强调“周改殷命”是出自天的意志和抉择。那么有谁能给周人带来“上天之命”呢？根据当时的社会共识，最合适的就应该是“天的使者”——凤鸟。《国语》云：“昔武王伐殷，岁在鹑火。”岁即岁星，鹑火即柳宿。古人把赤凤叫作鹑，看来周人选择克商的时间也是寓有深意的。 (摘编自何丹《试论中国凤文化的“历史素地”及其在文化类型学上的深层涵义》)
桃江一中2016届高三第三次月考 语文试题 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（阅读题）和第Ⅱ卷（表达题）两部分，共150分。考试时间150分钟。2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。作答时请认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项，将答案写在答题卡上指定位置，在本试卷上答题无效。。 3．请用0.5mm黑色考试专用笔和2B铅笔规范答题。 第Ⅰ卷阅读题（共70分） 甲必考题 一、阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。(9分，每小题3分) 宋代厨娘好风光 历史上以烹饪为职业者，大体以男性为主。《周礼》所述周王室配备的庖厨人员近二千人，直接从事烹调的女性一个也没有。不过在唐宋时代，曾出现过较多的女厨，不论在酒肆茶楼，还是在皇宫御厨，都有从业烹调的职业妇女的身影。有幸为皇上烹调的称为“尚食娘子”，为大小官吏当差的则称为“厨娘”。使用厨娘形成了一股不小的浪潮，涌起于京都，远波至岭南。唐代房千里在岭南做过官，他所写的《投荒杂录》便记述了岭南人争相培养女厨之事。 《问奇类林》说，宋代太师蔡京有“厨婢数百人”。《清异录》则说，唐代宰相段文昌，家厨由老婢膳祖掌管，老婢训练过上百名婢女，教给她们厨艺。官僚们的家厨有这么大的规模，饮馔之精，可以想见。从另一方面看，在唐宋之时女厨似乎较受重视。 宋代廖莹中的《江行杂录》，记录了宋时京都厨娘的一些情况，与唐时岭南颇为相似。厨娘们的地位虽不高，但她们却有绝妙的技艺和超然的风度，令人瞩目。《江行杂录》说，有一告老还乡的太守，想起在京都某官处吃过晚膳，那一日是厨娘调羹，味道特别适口，留下很深印象，于是也想雇一位厨娘，摆一摆阔气。费了很大劲，才托人在京师物色到一位厨娘，年可二十，能书会算，颇具姿色。不数日厨娘即启程前往老太守府中，未及进府，在五里地以外住下，遣一脚夫先给太守递上一封信。信是她亲笔所写，字迹端正，很体面地要求太守发一四抬暖轿来接她进府，太守毫不迟疑地照办了。待到将厨娘抬进府中，人们发觉她确实不同于一般庸碌女子，红裙翠裳，举止文雅。太守大喜过望，第二天便请厨娘展露本领。厨娘随带着璀璨耀目的白金餐具，至如刀砧杂品，一一精致。厨娘换上围袄围裙，挥刀切肉，惯熟条理，有运斤成风之势。做出的菜品真个是馨香脆美，清新细腻，食者筷子举处，盘中一扫而光，纷纷赞誉。 厨娘的手艺得到来宾交口称赞，太守脸上平添不少光彩。筵宴圆满结束，厨娘还要犒赏，并且每次办宴会，要支赐给厨娘绢帛或至百匹，钱或至三二百千。太守力不能及，没过两月，便找了个理由将厨娘“善遣以还”。 如此看来，宋代厨娘确有些了不得，她们究竟是何等模样呢？我们从出土宋代砖刻上，可以一睹厨娘的风采。在中国历史博物馆收藏的四块厨事画像砖上，描绘了厨娘从事烹调活动的几个侧面。砖刻所绘厨娘的服饰大体相同，都是云髻高耸，裙衫齐整，焕发出一种精明干练的气质，甚至透出一缕雍容华贵的神态。她们有的在结发，预示厨事即将开始；有的在斫脍，有的在烹茶涤器，全神贯注之态，跃然眼前。这些画像砖出自宋代墓葬，宋人在墓中葬入厨娘画像砖，表明他们即便生前不曾雇用厨娘，也希求死后能满足这个愿望；或者生前
湖南省衡阳县第一中学2019-2020学年高一语文下学期延迟开学期间 精选试题（一） 分值：150分时量：150分钟 第Ⅰ卷 一、现代文阅读(36分) (一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3 小题，9分) 阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。 从优秀传统文化中探寻幸福真谛 黄亚果 幸福是人们孜孜以求的生活状态。早在我国先秦时期，孔子、老子、孟子、 墨子等就对幸福作了大量论述，形成了深刻的幸福观。2000多年来，先秦诸子的幸福观被 许许多多中国人奉为立身准则和处世圭臬。今天，先秦诸子的幸福观对我们认识什么是幸福、怎样实现幸福仍然有着重要启示意义。 不沉溺于物质享受，追求精神快乐。幸福在《论语》《道德经》等诸子典 籍中也被称为“乐”。那么，在先秦诸子看来，幸福有着怎样的内涵呢?先秦诸子认为，物 质财富对幸福来说并非不重要，但相比较而言，精神快乐更是幸福所必需的。因此，他们 主张对物质财富、生死寿夭、贵贱达穷、外在环境持淡泊态度，应该更加注重心灵的知足，关注那些符合人之本性、来自于内心的幸福。老子认为，“知足之足，恒足矣”，淡泊名利、顺性无为才是幸福的最高境界。孔子认为， “一箪食，一瓢饮，在陋巷，人不堪其忧，回 也不改其乐”，他对安贫乐道的弟子高度赞赏。孟子认为，人生幸福的真谛是“三乐”: “父母俱存，兄弟无故，一乐也; 仰不愧于天，俯不怍于人，二乐也;得天下英才而教育之，三乐也。”庄子认为，幸福并非享乐的感觉，而是心灵的顿悟与超越，“与天合者，谓之 人乐”“喜怒通四时，与物有宜而莫知其极”。在先秦诸子看来，真正认清了幸福的本质、 领略了精神的高贵，就不会沉溺于物质享受，而会自觉修身行道。今天，这些观点对于丰 富人的心灵世界、提升人的精神境界具有特别重要的意义。 将自身幸福与他人幸福、社会福祉结合起来考量。《礼记·大学》明确提出“格物、致知、诚意、正心、修身、齐家、治国、平天下”，将个人发展放在 “平天下”这样一个 宏阔的视野里来看待。孟子提出“与民同乐”的幸福观，强
湖南省岳阳县第一中学2021-2022高二物理下学期期中试题 考试内容：必修1， 必修2， 选修3-1，选修3-2，选修3-5动量部分 满分:100分 时量：90分钟 一、单项选择题（本题共8小题，每小题4分，共32分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。） 1.物理学是一门以实验为基础的学科，许多物理定律就是在大量实验的基础上归纳总结出来的。有关下面四个实验装置，描述错误的是( ) A ．卡文迪许利用装置(1)测出了引力常量的数值 B ．库仑利用装置(2)总结出了点电荷间的相互作用规律 C ．奥斯特利用装置(3)发现了电流的磁效应 D ．牛顿利用装置(4)总结出了自由落体运动的规律 2.一物块沿直线运动的速度一时间（v-t ）图象如图所示，下列说法正确的是（ ) A. 5s 内的位移大小为17.5m B. 3s 末与5s 末的速度相同 C. 第4s 内与第5s 内的加速度相同 D. 前4s 的平均速度大小为4m/s 3.2021年11月16日，第26届国际计量大会（CGPM ）通过决议，修改了国际单位制中的4个基本单位，进一步完善了国际单位制．下列说法正确的是( ) A. “牛顿”是国际单位制中的基本单位 B. “电子伏特（eV ）”表示的是电压的单位 C. “毫安时（mAh ）”表示的是能量的单位 D. “功率”的单位用国际单位制基本单位表示为kg ·m 2·s -3 4.1831年8月29日，法拉第经历近十年的研究终于在一次实验中发现了电磁感应现象：把两个线圈绕在同一个铁环上（如图），一个线圈接到电源上，另一个线圈接入“电流表”，在给一个线圈通电或断电的瞬间，另一个线圈中也出现了电流。之后他设计出几十个关于“电磁感应”现象的实验，并把它们总结成五类情况，请结合你学习电磁感应知识判断以下哪个选项不属．．于这五类现象（ ） A ．恒定的电流 B ．变化的磁场 C. 运动的磁铁 D ．在磁场中运动的导体 5.在如下图所示的电路中，当闭合开关S 后，若将滑动变阻器的滑片P 向下调节，则正确的是( ) A. 电压表和电流表示数都增大 B. 灯L 2变暗，电流表的示数减小 C. 灯L 1变亮，电压表的示数减小 D. 灯L 2变亮，电容器的带电量增加 6．如图所示，理想变压器的原线圈接入88002sin100(V)u t π= 的交变电压，副线圈对“220V 880W ”的用电器R L 供电，该用电器正常工作。由此可知（ ）
细胞的分化 学习目标 1.说明细胞的分化 2.举例说明细胞的全能性 3.进行有关干细胞研究进展与人类健康的资料搜集和分析 学习重点 1.细胞分化的概念和意义 2.细胞全能性的概念 学习难点 细胞全能性的概念及实例 学习过程： [引入]在我们体内，红细胞的寿命为120天左右，白细胞的寿命为5~7天。这些血细胞都是失去分裂能力的细胞。为什么健康人的血细胞数量不会随着血细胞的死亡而减少？（健康人能不断地产生新的血细胞，补充到血液中去。） 白血病患者的血液中出现大量的异常白细胞，而正常的血细胞明显减少。通过骨髓移植可以有效地治疗白血病。骨髓与血细胞的形成有什么关系？（骨髓中造血干细胞能够通过增殖和分化，不断产生不同种类的血细胞。） 一、细胞分化及其意义 细胞的增殖我们已经学习过了，多细胞生物体在细胞数量增多的同时还有细胞在结构和功能上分化，产生不同种类的的新细胞的能力。什么是分化呢？ 我们先来看写例子：1.动物胚胎发育过程中，红细胞和心肌细胞都来自一群相似的胚胎细胞。2.同一个植物体中，叶肉细胞的细胞质中有大量的叶绿体，能够进行光合作用；表皮细胞具有保护功能；液泡贮藏着许多营养物质，这些细胞都是来自一群彼此相似的早期胚细胞。 由以上我们可以得出：细胞分化是指：在个体发育中，由______________________增殖产生的后代，在__________、_________和____________上发生_____________________的过程。 细胞分化是生物界普遍存在的生命现象，是生物个体发育的基础。细胞分化使多细胞生物体中的细胞_________________，有利于提高_________________________________。分化是一种持久的、稳定的变化。 细胞分化的原因：基因选择性表达的结果。 二、细胞的全能性 早期胚胎通过细胞分化逐渐发育，形成各种组织的器官，那么已经高度分化的细胞在给与的条件下能不能再分化成其他细胞呢？ 1958年，美国科学家斯图尔德将胡萝卜韧皮部的一些细胞放入培养液中培养，结果这些细胞旺盛的分裂和生长，最终长成一株新的植株。 1.这种，已经分化的细胞，仍然具有发育成完整个体的潜能叫_______________________。 2.应用：利用细胞的全能性通过织物组织培养的方法，快速繁殖植物，拯救珍稀濒危物种，还可以和基因工程结合培育作物新类型。 植物细胞具有全能性，那动物细胞呢？通过实验发现已分化的动物体细胞的细胞核是具
桃江一中2020年上学期高一入学考试语文试题卷 时量：120分钟总分：150分 第I卷阅读题 一、论述类文本阅读（9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。 中国人很早便与茶发生关系了。《诗经?谷风》中的“谁谓荼苦，其甘如怡”的“荼”许多人便认为是“茶”。西汉初马王堆墓葬中的随葬品中即有茶叶。不过两汉以前，茶不是作为一种饮料存在，而是一种“菜肴”。晋代郭璞为《尔雅》作的注中曾说道茶“叶可煮作羹饮”。作羹自然少不了油盐酱醋、姜桂葱椒等调料，还要用一些碾碎的米粉勾芡。现在，在某些地区还有其遗孑存在，如湘西的“擂茶”、陕西的“三炮台”、洛阳的“罐罐茶”等等，这些都是介于饮料与菜肴之间的。 茶的“文人士大夫化”或说“雅化”是由唐代的“茶圣”陆羽完成的。这是世界茶的历史上第一部系统论茶的著作，是茶的“雅化”的标志，至今仍被全世界的茶人们奉为经典。唐代主要饮的是饼茶，它由茶叶蒸、捣、拍、焙等方法制成，在煮茶之前还要烘烤、碾碎，在釜中煮沸而饮。在烹煮和品饮过程中，所用器具也是饮茶艺术的重要组成部分。陆羽还研制了十分细致考究的二十四种茶具，大都小巧玲珑，可以贮存在一个美观的笼中，携带方便。使得“远近倾慕，好事者家藏一副”，与现在仍在日本流行的茶道类似，当然那是极富诗意的艺术品。从此饮茶就多了一重意义。在这种情态下，自然会刺激诗人的想象，于是，便产生了著名的卢全的《走笔谢孟谏议寄新茶》。诗人饮茶后的感觉竟是“唯觉两腋习习清风生”，甚至要乘此清风遨游蓬莱仙境。 唐代的饼茶还是比较大众化的，虽然一般平民百姓饮的还只是采下晾干即可饮用的散茶。宋代的饼茶则是特别贵族化的饮料了。尤其是官家监制的，制作时选料严格，其价格超过金玉，还往往被皇家垄断。朝中大老重臣，每逢年节，才有可能得到朝廷一、两饼的赏赐。平民饮的散茶，宋代称之为“草茶”。 冲泡散茶，虽然自古就有，但正式风行于元末明初。当时战争消耗大量的生产力，那些过度奢侈、徒耗民力的龙团凤饼，显然为民众负担不起。明初洪武间，正式停止了让民间供奉饼茶，改为散茶，日久便成为风气。散茶的兴盛也与文人士大夫审美趣味有关系。他们人生的价值取向是“清”。《尚书?尧典》上就有“夙夜惟寅，直哉惟清”的教诲。其后清介、清心、清白、清名、清廉等等，许许多多带有“清”字的价值判断为他们所向往。那么日夜相伴的茶水怎么能是浑浊不堪的呢?从宋代开始，文人饮茶如无特殊的目的，便很少加其他佐料了。宋代的饼茶也努力向清澈无色靠拢，而散茶只要茶叶的品质好、采摘及时、加工得法，“清”是完全有保障的。 到了明代，以“清”为特征的茶的风格已经形成。有人说它是“清虚之物”，把品饮茶的嗜好称
2021年湖南衡阳县第一中学高三3月月考（一模）英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、阅读选择 When 12-year-old Taylor Smith wrote a special letter to herself last spring, to be read in 10 years’ time, she didn’t know it would be opened before even a year had passed— and that it wouldn’t be her eyes reading the words. “She had told me that she had written a letter to herself, and that she was excited that she was going to open it when she was older,”said Taylor’s mother, Mary Ellen Smith. Instead, it was opened by Taylor’s parents after she died last spring. They posted the letter to Facebook, hoping it would inspire others. It has. “We’ve gotten letters from lots of parents who have said it has encouraged them to love their kids and love each other,” said Mary Ellen Smith. In the letter, Taylor congratulated herself on graduating from high school and asked, “Are you in college?” She also wanted to know if she had been on a plane yet and if the show “Doctor Who” was still on the air. Taylor also had some words for her future kids. After considering the idea of selling her iPad and getting an iPad mini instead, she told her future self to mention to her kids that “We’re older than the tablet.” She included a drawing of an iPad for them to see. Taylor died suddenly of pneumonia (肺炎), leaving behind both her parents and an older brother. “I just want people to know just what an awesome, awesome person she was,” her father, Tim Smith said. Her mother said, “I can’t bring her back, but I’m so grateful people have been inspired by her story.” Taylor’s father read the closing g words of her letter, which said, “It’s been years since I wrote this. Stuff has happened, good and bad. That’s just how life works, and you have to go with it.”
湖南省岳阳县一中2019届高三10月第二次月考 数学(理科) 总分:150分时量:120分钟 命题:易正红审题:唐元波 一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的, 请将所选答案填在答题卡中对应位置. 1.设集合,那么下列结论正确的是() A. B. C. D. 2.设,,则是成立的() A.充分不必要条件 B.必要不充分条件 C.充分必要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件 3.命题“,都有”的否定是() A.,使得 B.,使得 C.,使得 D.,使得 4.已知扇形的面积为,半径为1,则该扇形的圆心角的弧度数是() A. B. C. D. 5.已知,则() A．B．C．D． 6.函数的定义域为() A. B. C. D. 7.若定义在上的函数满足,则() A.2 B.1 C.0 D.－1 8.若函数在处取得最大值,则的奇偶性为() A.偶函数 B.奇函数 C.既是奇函数又是偶函数 D.非奇非偶函数 9.函数的零点个数为()
A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 10.已知两条直线和,与函数 的图象从左至右相交于点 ,与函数 的图象从左至右相交于点.记线段和在轴上的投影长度分别为 ,当 变化时,的最小值为( ) A ． B ． C ． D ． 二、填空题:本大题共5小题,共25分,把答案填在答题卡中对应题号后的横线上.11.函数的最小正周期为. 12.计算的结果是. 13.已知,且 ,则.14.已知函 数, 若 ,使 得都 有 ,则实 数 的取值范围 是 . 15.下图展示了一个由区间到实数集 的映射过程:区间 中的实数 对应数轴上的点 ,如图1;将线段 围成一个圆,使两端点恰好重合(点 从点 按逆时针方 向运动至点),如图2;再将这个圆放在平面直角坐标系中,使其圆心在轴上,点 的坐 标为 ,如图3.图3中直线与轴交于点 ,则的象就是,记作 . 下列说法中正确命题的序号是.(填出所有正确命题的序号) ①; ② 在定义域上单调递增; ③方程的解是 ;④ 是奇函数； ⑤ 的图象关于点 对称. 三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共75分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤.16.(本小题满分12分) 已知集合.若 “ ”是 “ ”的充分条件, 求实数 的取值集合．． .m M 0C O 1 x N M A B M A ( B ) A 图①y 图② 图③