1.enjoy v.---adj. enjoyable
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事==be fond of sth./doing sth.
enjoy oneself(=have a good/great/wonderful time=have fun)(in) doing sth.
2.experience n.---v. experience体验，经历---adj. experienced 有经验的
experience 不可数名词-经验（后面常接介词in 或of短语）
可数名词—经历an experience /an exciting experience
3.earn vt. 赚钱，谋生；博得，得到
earn one’s living/earn one’s bread 谋生，维持生计
4. respect vt. 尊敬；重视；注意n. （不可数）尊重，尊敬；（可数）点；方面
---adj. respectable正派的，受人尊敬的；好的，令人满意的
---adj. respected 受尊敬的，受敬重的
---adj. respectful 有礼貌的，恭敬的(of+N/to sb.) 反义disrespectful
---adj. respective 各自的（仅用于名词前）
respected多用于修饰人，它与respectable的区别在于respectable表示受人尊敬的可能性，但未必被respected 搭配用法：
respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人
in respect of sth. 关于，就…而言
show respect for sb. 尊敬某人
lose the respect of 失去对..的尊敬
earn/win respect 赢得尊重
5.devote vt.致力于；献身--adj. devoted挚爱的（be devoted to sb.--n. devotion挚爱，深爱；忠心
devote oneself to致力于，献身于；专心于
sb. devote sth. to doing sth. 把…献给；把…专用于
sb. devote sth. to sth. 用于
be devoted to sth/doing sth. 把时间(钱、精力等)献给(做)某事
6.average n.平均数；平均水平；一般标准—adj.中等的；普通的；平常的—LV.平均为
on (an / the) average 平均，按平均计算；一般说来；通常
above/below average 平均水平之上/下
7.challenge n. 挑战；怀疑, 质问；艰巨的任务;难题--vt. 挑战；质疑；邀请某人比赛
---adj. challenging 具有挑战性的---n. challenger挑战者
the challenge of doing sth….的挑战
face/accept/take on a challenge面对/接受挑战
meet/rise to a challenge迎接挑战
challenge for sth. 挑战某物
challenge sb. to do sth.质疑某人做某事
8.encouragement n.鼓励，促进---v. encourage 鼓励，激励—反义：discourage v.使泄气；劝阻
----n. courage 勇气；胆量；勇敢---adj. encouraging 令人鼓舞的，振奋人心的
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
discourage sb. from doing sth. 劝某人不要做某事/劝阻某人做某事
have courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事
9.for free免费的
free from不受…的影响；没有…的；摆脱…
free of charge/tax/duty/rent 免费/免税/免税/免租金
free to do 自由地做某事
free adj.免费的；自由的---v.释放；使自由；解脱，使摆脱；解救；解除
---adv. freely自由地，不受限制地；畅通地---n. freedom 自由；自主
10.look back on/upon sth. 回忆，回顾
look back on/upon the past回首过去
look back on/upon those years回首那些年
look into 调查；观察
look on旁观；认为，视为
look out注意，小心；注意看
look up查找；好转；向上看；尊敬；拜访
look down on/upon轻视，看不起
look through浏览；仔细查看；视而不见
look after 照顾；照看
look for 寻找
look forward to (doing sth.) 期待，盼望
look about 四处查看；考察事态
（1）As look back upon those years，I am struck by Annie's wisdom.<回顾，回想>
（2）I've been looking into this matter this afternoon.<调查>
（3）Two men were fighting. The rest were looking on.<旁观>
（4）When you're eating fish，look out for bones.<当心，小心>
（5）We've been looking out for a new house，but the ones we've seen are all too expensive.
<留心找某物>
（6）Look up the word in the dictionary<查寻，查找>
（7）I want to look my uncle up sometime.<看望，拜访>
（8）She looked through her notes before the examination.<浏览>
11. satisfaction n.满意—v. satisfy使某人满意；满足要求等；符合标准等
---adj. satisfied满意的，满足的反义: dissatisfied
---adj. satisfying 令人高兴的，令人满意的反义: unsatisfying，物体，做主语，一般很少用---adj. satisfactory满意的，够好的，反义: unsatisfactory，常用，表示事物本身具有的特点等be satisfied with sb./sth.对…感到满意
with/in satisfaction 满足地，满意地
to sb.’s satisfaction 使某人满意
express satisfaction with/at sth.对…表示满意
give sb. the satisfaction of doing sth. 使某人得到做某事的满足感
get/gain satisfaction from sth.从某事物中得到满足感
12.exchange v.交换，交流，兑换，更换
exchange sth. for sth.用某物换某物
exchange sth. with sb. 同某人交换/交流某物
in exchange for 交换
13. What is…like?用于提问某人或某物的情况怎么样。其中like为介词
既可以用于提问某人的长相怎么样，又可以提问某人的性情、品质等。
What does sb. look like? 仅用于提问某人的长相怎么样。
What does sb. like? 用于提问某人喜欢什么。其中like为动词
What do you think of sb.?问的是一个人的品行。
What do you think of sth.?==How do you find/like sth.?询问看法，表示“觉得…怎么样？”
14. 动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。常用的句型有：
It is a waste doing sth.做…是浪费
It is no good/use doing sth.做…没好处/用途
It is worthwhile doing sth.做…是值得的
There is no sense in doing sth.做…没道理
There is no point in doing sth.做…没有意义
There is no use/good in doing sth. 做…没好处/用途
There is nothing worse than doing sth.没有…比更糟的
15. attend vt.出席，参加；上学；到场；（医生、护士等）照料，关心
---n. attendance出席人数，出席，参加---n. attendant服务员，随从
---n. attention注意，留心；照顾
attend class上课
attend school上学
attend a meeting参加会议
attend to处理(生意或个人事务)；照料；注意倾听；专心于
attend to the matter处理事情
attend，take part in, join, join in辨析
四者均有“参加”之意。
Attend指出席或参加会议、音乐会、婚礼、宴会等，也可指听课、听报告等。
Take part in多指带着责任心参加大型活动，并在其中起一定的作用，如体育、比赛、游戏、讨论、战斗等Join 指加入团体、组织等，并成为其中的一员，如参军、入团、入党等
Join in 强调参加正在进行的活动，如比赛、娱乐、谈话等
Join sb. in sth. 和某人一起做某事
16. the best way to do sth.
the way to do sth.做某事的方法
the way of doing sth. 做某事的方法
all the way一路上；从头至尾
by the way 在路旁；顺便说
by way of 经由；通过…的方法
in a way在某种程度上；有几分，稍微
in no way一点也不，决不
no way 绝不可能
in the way 挡道；妨碍某人
on the way to (doing sth.) 在去往…的路上；正在走向；快要成为…
17. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be/get used to sth/doing sth. 习惯于（做）某事
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事
be used as sth.用作
18. fun n.（不可数）娱乐，玩笑，有趣,有趣的人或事---adj. funny
for fun 开玩笑地；为了好玩
have fun (doing sth.) 玩得开心
what fun多么开心
make fun of 嘲笑；取笑
it is fun to do sth. 做什么事有趣的
sth. is fun.
19. 疑问词+动词不定式结构常跟在动词ask, know, consider, explain, decide, wonder, understand, learn 等后面作
宾语
I don’t not what to do next.==I don’t know what I shall do next.
20. prepare v.准备；筹备；把...准备好—adj. prepared有准备的，准备好的（不放在名词前）
---n. preparation 预备，准备复数：准备工作，筹备工作
---adj. prepared 有准备的反义：unprepared 无准备的
prepare sth.准备某事
prepare to do sth.准备做某事
prepare sb. to do sth.为某人做某事做好准备
prepare for sth.为某事做准备
prepare sth. for sth.为某事准备某物
sb. be prepared to do sth.某人有能力且愿意做某事
do sth. in preparation for sth.为准备某事而做某事
make preparations for sth.为…做准备工作
in preparation在准备中
21. though/although连词，引导让步状语从句，主句不能与but连用，但可与yet, still等连用
though还可作副词，一般放在句末，而且前面多用逗号隔开，although无此用法。
Our team lost. We did a good job, though. 尽管我们表现不错，但我们队还是输了。
22. miss vt. 思念，怀念；逃过，避开；没赶上; 未击中，未抓住；遗漏
miss 是非延续性动词，没有进行时
---adj. missing 丢失的；缺少的
miss doing sth. 没能做成某事
miss out漏掉，省略
miss the chance错过机会
23. former adj./n. 以前的(放在名词前) /前者反义：latter adj./n. 后者的/两者中的后者
previous adj. 以前的；先前的指的是按时间和次序在某事物之前
the previous day前一天
previous to在某事物以前
24. donate vt. 捐赠，赠送---n. donation捐赠物
donate sth. to sb./sth. 赠送，捐赠给某人/某组织
donate blood献血
25. kindness n. 善意，友好，和蔼，好意，体贴
---adj. kind 善良的，友好的反义词：unkind 不仁慈的，不和善的、
26. need的用法归纳：
A．用作情态动词，主要用于疑问句、条件句或否定句中，没有时态变化，后接动词原形
B．用作实义动词，need to do sth/need sb. to do sth.
C. 及物动词，sth. needs doing==need to be done( 主动表被动)
27. more than
A.用于比较级，比…更（多、大等）
B. 表示超过，多于，相当于over
C. 表示岂止是，不仅是；非常，十分
D．表示非…能力所及，其后跟从句，从句中用can/could
This is more than I can understand. 这是我所不能理解的。
28. whether…or…引导让步状语从句
whether conj. 是否；不管…还是….(用于引导让步状语从句)
29. Upon finishing his studies,…一完成学业… upon是介词作状语
A. Upon/On doing 一…就…
==as soon as/immediately/the moment/the second/the minute/directly/instantly
/hardly…when…/no sooner…than…
B. Upon/On+名词，表示动作刚发生或完成
Upon/On his arrival, he went straight to the headmaster.
他一到达就直接到校长那儿去了。
30. develop v.培养，养成，产生；发展；开发；冲洗（交卷）
--adj. developing 发展中的
---adj. developed 发达的反义：undeveloped 不发达的，落后的；（土地）未开发的---n. development 发展
with the development of …随着…的发展
31. inform vt.告诉，通知
---n. information 消息，情报，资料（不可数）
---adj. informal 非正式的反义：fomal
---adj. informed 消息灵通的，见多识广的
keep sb. informed 告知某人
Inform sb.+疑问词(how) +to do sth.通知某人如何做某事
inform sb. of sth. 告知某人某事
32. run v. 管理；经营；开动机器等；跑；
run a school办学校
run after 追逐；追求
run into 陷入；碰见
run across 无意间碰到
(sb.) run out of 用完，结束(sth run out无被动)
run away 逃走，离家
run away from 逃避；携…而逃走
33. approve v. 赞同，赞许；批准，核准，认可反义：disapprove不赞同，反对
---n. approval赞同，赞许, 同意；批准，认可反义：disapproval 不赞同，反对---adj. approved (用于名词前)认可的，核准的
---adj. approving 赞许的，赞同的反义：disapproving
approve of sth.赞成/同意某事
approve of sb. doing sth.同意某人做某事
be approved for 被批准用于…
34. charge n.负责，掌管v. 充电；收费，要价；指控，控告
--adj. chargeable可以控诉的;可充电的
---adj. charged充满感情的;(气氛)紧张的
take charge接管
take charge of接管
charge…for 收费，要价
charge $ 10 for a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡要价十美元
(sth.) be in/under the charge of 在某人的掌管下，由某人经营/照顾，表被动
sb. be in charge of 掌管，管理，照顾, 表主动
charge sb. with sth 指控某人某事
charge sth. with… 使某事物充满……（情感）
be charged with 充满……
charge sth. 将…充电
charge sb with doing sth 命令某人做某事
for free = free of charge = without payment 免费
at one’s own charge / expense 自费
35. event n.（重要）事件；社交活动；比赛项目
in any event不管怎样，无论如何
at all events 不管怎样，无论如何
in the event到头来，结果
in that event 如果那样的话
in the event of 万一发生…的话
event, matter, affair辨析
A.event 通常指具有很大影响、意义重大的事件或运动会的比赛项目
B.matter 意为“麻烦、毛病、问题”，通常指要注意的事情，也可以表示“物质”
C.affair 是一个比较正式的词，指已经发生或必须去做的事情，通常用复数形式，
指“事务，事态”如the world affairs
36. present v. 赠送；提交，交出；出席，出现n. 礼物=gift
adj.出席的，到场的（作定语时必须后置）反义：absent 缺席的，不在场的---adv. presently 不久，马上，很快，一会儿=soon; (美)现在，目前=now
----n. presence 出席，到场，出现反义：absence 缺席, 缺乏，没有
----adj. presentable 像样的，体面的，拿得出手的
---n. presentation 授予，颁发；报告，（新产品的）介绍；（观点的）陈述，说明；呈现
at present 现在，目前
for the present 就目前来说，暂时
up to the present 直到现在，至今
make a present of sth. to sb. 把某物赠送给某人
37. compare v. 比较，对比
---n. comparison 比较
---adj. comparable（在数量、大小、质量等方面）类似的,相当的;可比较的
---adj. comparative相比之下的, 相比而言的, 相对的n. 比较级形式
c ompare…to…把…比作…
c ompare…with…把…与…进行比较
c ompare
d with/to…和…比较，常用于句首或句尾，且作状语
beyond/without comparison无与伦比
by comparison比较起来
in comparison与…比较
38. the+比较级，the+比较级越…，越…
39. choose v. (chose, chosen)挑选，选择
---n. choice 选择，选择权
choose to do sth. 选择/决定/宁愿/愿意做某事
choose sb./sth. to do sth. 选择某人/某事做某事
choose sb./sth. as sth.选择…作为…
choose from sth.从…选择
can’t choose but do不得不做某事
have no choice but to do sth.别无选择做某事
do nothing but do sth. 除做…之外什么也不做
40. order n.次序，顺序；订购；点菜；命令，指示v. 命令，指示；订购；点菜
in order整齐，有条理
out of order 出了故障；次序紊乱，不按顺序
in order to/that 为了，目的在于
order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
order that (should) do 宾语从句+(should) do
类似用法：
当某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或直接用动词原形。这类名词常见的有：advice，insist , suggest/suggestion，propose /proposal，order，demand，desire，request，require/requirement，recommend /recommendation , aim , wish , necessity , preference , motion , plan，idea，resolution等。
如: I demand that he (should) answer me immediately. 我要求他立刻答复我。
He insisted that he (should) be sent there.他要求被派到那儿去。
注意：如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
判断：
（错）You pale face suggests that you（should）be ill.
（对）Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
（错）I insisted that you（should）be wrong.
（对）I insisted that you were wrong.
41. regret v. （regretted, regretting）遗憾；后悔做了某事；对…感到遗憾
---adj. regretful 后悔的，遗憾的
---adj. regrettable 令人懊恼的，可惜的，令人遗憾的
r egret to say/to tell you/ to inform you/that …表示所后悔、遗憾的事情还没有发生
regret +n./doing sth./that从句后悔，因做某事而遗憾、惋惜等
regret not doing sth 不后悔做过的事情
regret not having done sth
类似结构：
remember/forget to do sth.记得/忘了去做某事remember/forget doing sth. 记得/忘了做过某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着
try to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth. 试试做某事
stop to do sth.停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事
go on to do sth. 继续做另外一件事go on doing sth.继续做同一件事
can’t help to do sth.不能帮忙做某事can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事
42. require v. 要求，需要
---n. requirement要求，需要的事物（一般复数）
require sth. 需要…
require doing sth.==require to be done(主动形式表被动含义) 某物需要被做…
(类似的词：need,want)
be required to do sth. 规定做某事
require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
require that sb. (should) do sth.
require sth. of sb. 要求某人做某事
43. so…that…引导结果状语从句，“如此…以至于…”即so+adj./adv. that从句
so that 引导目的状语从句，表示“为了，以便”，从句常使用can, could, may, might, will, would, should等情态动词或助动词; 引导结果状语从句，从句中一般不用can, may等词。
s o…that… 与such…th a t…区别: 意思相同但固定搭配不同
so+adj./adv.+that 从句
such a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that 从句
== so+adj.+ a/an+可数名词单数+that 从句
such +adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that 从句
The play was so interesting that I went to see it several times.
== This was such an interesting that I went to see it several times.
== This was so interesting a play that I went to see it several times.
这个话剧十分有趣，所以我去看过好多次。
注意：名词由many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so…that…结构。
44. act n. （戏剧）幕；行为，举动vt. 行为，表现
---n. action行动, 活动
---n. actor演员(尤指男演员)
---n. actress . 女演员
---adj. active活泼的, 活跃的; 积极的;主动的反义：inactive
act as担任…职务
act for代理
act on对…起作用，对…有效
take action to do sth.采取行动做某事
take an active part in积极参与…
be active in doing sth.积极做某事
45. be supposed to(to do sth.)理应/应该做某事；被认为，被看做是
46. tolerate vt. 忍受；默许；允许==stand/bear
---n. toleration 容忍精神，宽容态度
---adj. tolerant 宽容的，容忍的反义：intolerant
---n. tolerance 容忍，宽容
tolerate doing sth. 允许做某事
47. frightened adj. 受惊的；害怕的==scared
---v. frighten 使害怕，使惊吓==scare
---adj. frightening令人害怕的，吓人的==scary
be frightened to do sth.害怕做某事
be frightened of sth./doing sth.
frighten sb. to death 把某人吓的要死
frighten sb away吓走某人
frighten sb/sth. off 吓走，吓跑
frighten sb into doing sth.把某人吓得做某事
48. starve v. 挨饿；渴望
---n. starvation 挨饿，饥饿，饿死
---adj. starving 挨饿的
starve for 渴望；急需
starve to death 饿死
49. be at fault 有错，要对错误负责
find fault with 挑剔；找茬，吹毛求疵
It’s your fault to make such a mistake. 犯这样的错误是你的过失。
50. defend v. 辩护，辩解；防卫，保护
---n. defence 保护，防护
---n. defender 保护者；防守队员，后卫
---n. defendant 被告
defend against 防卫；抵抗
defend with 用…防卫
defend from 防卫…以免于
defend sb. against/from sb/sth.针对…为…辩解; 保护某人/物免受…伤害
51. deserve v. 值得；应得；应受
---adj. deserved应得的，理所当然的
---adj. deserving 应得的，值得的（尤指经济上的支持）
deserve to sth. 理应做某事
deserve+名词
deserve doing sth.= deserve to be done
He deserves punishment.==He deserves punishing.==He deserves to be punished.
d eserv
e well/ill of…应/不应受到
deserve…for为…值得做某事
deserve…from应从…受到…
52. upset adj.感到不适的；心烦意乱的v. (upset, upsetting) 打翻；倾覆；使心烦意乱
be upset with sb 对某人不快
be upset by/at/about 对某事感到烦恼
upset stomach肠胃不适
53. emergency n.(可数) 突发事件；紧急情况
--- n. emergence 出现，显现；发生；露头（of）
--- adj. emergent 紧急的,浮现的,突然出现的；新出现的（仅用于名词前）
--- vi. emerge出现; 显出; 暴露(问题. 意见等) emerge from ( =appear, become known ) 54. explanation n.(可数) 解释，说明
--- v. explain 解释，说明
explain sth. to sb.== explain sb. sth. 向某人解释某事的理由
55. be hard on sb./sth.==be strict with sb. in sth.对某人某人严厉
56. now that既然，由于，引导原因状语从句==because of the fact that==since
57. turn短语
turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃by turns 轮换地
in turn (=successively; in order) 依次
do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事
turn against 转而反对，背叛
turn around / round 转身，转过来
turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等）
turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等）
turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达
turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝
turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想
turn in 交进，上缴，归还
turn into 变成
turn…into… 把……变成……，转变成
turn to… 转向……，向……求助，查阅
turn out 结果是，生产
turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是
turn right / left 向右/向左拐
turn writer = become a writer 成为作家
58. take a vacation休假（vacation无复数形式）
the summer/winter vacation暑/寒假
on vacation/holiday 在度假
59. expect vt. 认为；期待
---n. expectation 预料，预期，期待
---n. expectancy 期待，期望
---adj. expectant 期待的（一般用于名词前）
expect to do sth. 预计做某事
expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事
expect that+从句
I expect/think/believe/suppose so.
I don’t expect/think/believe/suppose so.(否定转移)
60. can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待地要做某事
61. surprise vt. 使惊奇n. 意想不到的事
---adj. surprised 感到奇怪的（人之情感）
---adj. surprising 令人吃惊的（物之性质）
t o one’s surprise让人吃惊的是
in surprise 吃惊地
be surprised at/to do sth. 对…感到吃惊
62. do with 处理用于特殊疑问句时，do with多与what连用
deal with 处理用于特殊疑问句时，deal with多与how连用
63. in a mess 混乱；一团糟
make a mess of 把…搞得一塌糊涂
mess up弄坏；毁坏；弄脏
64. leave+宾语+补足语（现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、介词短语）
使…处于某种状态；听任，让
leave alone让…处于某种状态，听任
leave behind 不带，忘了带；遗留，留下
leave off 停止，中断
leave out 遗漏，省略；把… 排除在外
on leave 在休假
take one’s leave of向某人告辞==take leave of sb.
65. go短语：
go abroad 出国go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干，走到，传开go against 违反，违背go after追求；设法得到
go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面go along进行，进展
go away 走开，离去go back 回去
go beyond 超越go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去
go down 下来，落下，倒下go down on one’s knees 跪下
go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于
go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行
go for a walk / walks 散步go for sb 对某人也一样
go in for 参加，喜欢go into 详细调查
go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响；动身；发射，爆炸
go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去
go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）
go on 发生，进行，继续go / be on diet 在节食
go on (a) holiday 去度假= go for a holiday
go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）
go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）
[比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）go on with sth 继续某事]
go out 熄灭，出去，外出go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅
go past 从……的旁边过去go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登
go with… 与……相配
go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付
go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰
go straight along 沿着……一直往前走
go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查
go through with 完成
go to bed （上床）睡觉go to sleep 入睡go to school / work 上学/上班
go to a movie 去看电影go to the country(side) 下乡
go home / there 回家/去那儿
go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生
go bad 变坏go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途
go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用
go into effect 生效. ( 近: come into effect; take effect; be brought into effect)
66. have +sth.（宾语）+过去分词（宾语补足语）表示请某人做某事/使某事被做
I have my watch repaired.我让人修了我的表。
have +sb./sth.（宾语）+现在分词（宾语补足语）叫/让/使某人做某事或让某种情况发生You’d better have your car running slowly.你最好把车开慢点。
have +sb.（宾语）+do sth.（宾语补足语）叫/让/使某人做某事
The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day. 老板经常要他们一天工作14个小时。
have sth. to do 要做某事（主语来做）
I have lots of things to do this afternoon. 今天下午我有许多事情要做。
have sth. to be done 有事要做（不是主语来做）
Do you have any clothes to be washed?你有衣服要我洗吗？
67. by chance 偶然；意外地
by any chance万一；碰巧
on the chance of怀着…的希望
take a chance/chances 冒险；碰运气
have the chance/opportunity of doing sth. 有机会做某事
have no chance/opportunity to do sth. 没有机会做某事
there is a chance that he will succeed.他有可能成功。
68. instead of +名词/代词/doing sth.代替；而不是
instead adv. 代替；取代；而不是
69. feel like sth./doing sth. 想要，愿意
feel as if/as though 觉得好像
feel for sb. 同情某人
70. punish vt. 惩罚，处罚
---n. punishment
---adj. punishing严重的；困难的
p unish sb. for…因…惩罚某人
p unish…with/by用…来惩处
71. argue v. 辩论；争论
---n. argument辩论；争论;争吵
argue with sb. about/over sth.和某人争论某事
argue for/against sth.赞成/反对某事
72. differ vi. 不同，有区别
---n. difference 不同，差异
---adj. different 不同的
differ from 与…有区别
differ in 在…方面有区别
differ with 与…持有不同意见，与…有分歧
73. be fit to do sth. 适宜做某事
be fit for sth. 适合（某职位）
fit sb. 合适（多指衣服尺寸、大小合适）
辨析fit, suit, match
fit 指大小方面的合适；suit指颜色图案方面的合适；match=go with指协调，匹配
74. wish的用法
1）wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望时，
其宾语从句的动词形式为：
主句从句
从句动作先于主句动词动作（be的过去式为were）现在时过去时
从句动作与主句动作同时发生（had + 过去分词）过去时/现在时过去完成时
将来不大可能实现的愿望将来时/现在时would/could +动词原形I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高
He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话
I wish that the rain would stop . 要是雨停就好了
2) wish to do/wish sb / sth to do
I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. 我希望见一见经理。
75. think短语：
think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）
think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法
think out 想出
think over 仔细考虑
think through… 思考……直到得出结论
think up 提出，想出，设计出
think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑
think highly / well/much of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 对……高度评价
“认为…是…”短语：
c onsider…as…
l ook on/upon…as…
regard…as…
think of…as…
76. search sb. 搜某人的身
search for sb./sth. 找寻某人/某物
search sb./sp. for sth. 为了找到某物而搜查某人/某地
77. mix v. 混和，搅拌
---n. mixture ---n. mixer 搅拌器---adj. mixed混合的；混杂的
mix up 使充分混合；弄乱；混淆；搞糊涂；参与某事，与某人交往等
mix up…with…把…与…混淆了
mix …with … 把……和……混合
78. stay away 不在家，外出
stay away from… 与……保持距离
stay the same = remain the same 保持不变
stay up 挺住，站立，开夜车，醒着，不睡，熬夜=sit up
stay still=stand still 静止不动
79. as if/as though 引导方式状语从句
如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had ＋过去分词”；表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would (might, could) ＋动词原形”。
The coach always treats the players as if they were his own children.
教练对待队员就像是对自己的孩子。
She was suffering from a bad cold. Her head felt as if it would burst。
她正患重感冒，头疼的感觉就像要炸开一样。
但as if (as though) 后的从句也常用陈述语气，这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。It looks as if it is going to rain. 似乎要下雨。
含if的词组：
A.what if…?要是…如何/怎么办？
B.even if/even though尽管
C.as if/as though 好像
D.only if 如果
E.if only要是…就好了
80. insist vt. 坚持要（表示命令、要求，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气）
insist on/upon+名词/doing sth./one’s doing坚持要求做，坚持主张
81. harm v. 伤害
---adj. harmful 有害的反义：无害的
do harm to sb./sth.=do sb./sth. harm对某人/某物有害
do no harm 无害
be harmful to 对…有害
82. foolish adj. 愚蠢的---n. fool 傻子；笨蛋v. 欺骗，愚弄
It is foolish/stupid/silly of sb. to do sth.做某事是愚蠢的。
辨析：foolish/stupid/silly
foolish表示“无头脑的，缺乏常识的，缺乏判断力的”；
stupid表示缺乏正常理解力，强调智力方面的愚笨；
silly强调“无知的，可笑的，傻的”，语气较其他两个词若些
slow指“领悟、反应或理解的速度较慢”
dull 意为“迟钝的，呆滞的”，含有缺乏敏锐的洞察力的意思。
83. patience n. 耐心反义：impatience 无耐心，不耐烦
---adj. patient 忍耐的；有耐心的n. 病人
---adj. impatient 不耐烦的；急躁的
--- adv. patiently有耐心地；坚韧地
be patient with sb.对某人有耐心
be patient of sth. 能忍受某事
of all patience with对…忍无可忍
be out of patience with对…忍无可忍
have no patience with对…不能容忍；对…没有耐性
84. distant adj. 不友好的；冷淡的；疏远的;远亲的（仅用于名词前）反义：close同义：faraway
---n. distance 距离，远方，路程
distant from sth.与某物不相似，与某物联系不密切
form a distance从远方
in the distance在远方
faraway adj.遥远的（仅用于名词前）；a faraway look若有所思的神情
85. annoyed adj. 愤怒的；生气的==angry
---v. annoy 使恼怒，使烦恼；打扰，干扰
---adj. annoying 讨厌的；恼人的
be annoyed at/with sb. 对某人生气
be annoyed about/by sth. 对某事生气
86. forbid vt. 禁止（forbidding; forbade; forbidden）反义：permit
forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事;使某人不可能做某事；阻止（同义：prevent）
forbid sb. from doing sth禁止某人做某事
forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
87. confuse vt. 把…弄糊涂；使…混乱；弄混淆
---n. confusion混乱，无秩序；混淆
---adj. confused感到迷惑不解的---adj. confusing 令人糊涂的；使人迷惑不解的
confuse sb./sth. with sb./sth.
88. tend to (do sth./sb./sth.)趋向；易于；往往会；照顾，照料
---n. tendency 倾向，趋势
89. limit n.限度；极限；界限；边界vt.限制，限定
---n. limitation 限度，限定，限额
---adj. limited 有限的
---adj. unlimited无限制的；数量极大的
within limits在合理限度内
limit sb./sth. to sth. 限定某人/某物
be limited to sth. 局限于某处活动范围
be limited to doing sth.
90. balance n. 平衡；均衡；天平；收支差额；结余vt. 使平衡；保持…平衡；权衡；比较
---adj. balanced 公正客观的；均衡的
lose your balance失去平衡
keep the balance保持平衡
recover/regain your balance恢复平衡
be off balance失去平衡，不稳
on balance 总的来说
be in the balance悬而未决，不确定；命运未定
balance out 相等，相平衡
91. alone 表示客观上单独的，独自的，不含感情色彩
lonely表示主观上的孤独的，孤单的；建筑物等孤零零的；地方偏僻的，人烟稀少的，有浓厚的感情色彩。
92. go through通过，穿过；经历或遭受（困难等）；(法律等)被通过(=pass through); 仔细检查；
浏览；翻阅（=look through）;（把钱等）用光，耗尽
go through with完成；把…进行到底
93. common adj.普通的
general adj. 总的，一般的normal adj.正常的, 正规的，标准的
common “共同的，普遍的，常见的”，强调共性，指为许多人或物共同具有，因而常见，不突出。
normal“正常的, 正规的”，强调事情是在正常状态下按预期的目的或合乎发展规律进行的。
usual “通常的，平常的，惯常的”，指在某一地方或某一时间内所常见的，往往指常用的东西或常发生的事情，强调习惯。反义：unusual
ordinary“普通的，平常的；平庸的” 指符合一般或常规事物的标准, 无奇特之处。反义：special
common sense/knowledge常识
out of the common不平常的
a common name 常见的名字
in common with同…一样
have a lot/nothing in common有很多/没有任何共同之处
have sth. in common with sb./sth.
94. struggle vi. 挣扎；斗争n. （可数）斗争，奋斗，努力
struggle for为…奋斗常接抽象名词，意为为真理、事业、解放等而斗争
struggle with/against与…进行斗争
struggle on勉强支持下去；竭力维持下去
s truggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
make a struggle with同…搏斗
be a struggle for sb. 对某人而言是困难的事
95. value n. 价值，估价，价格vt. 估价，价格; 重视，尊重
---adj. valuable 宝贵的，珍贵的，贵重的反义：worthless
---adj. valueless 不值钱的，没有价值的；不重要的；质量差的同义：worthless
value sb./sth. for sth.
96. suggest用法
Suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
Suggest sb,/sb.’s doing sth.建议某人做某事
Suggest that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事
Suggest that…暗示/表明…
疑问词+do you suggest+动词原形/+主语+动词原形
97. fight vi. 争吵，争论，打架，斗争
fight against与…作战、斗争
fight with与…一起共同对付；与…作战
fight for为…而战
98. spare adj. 空余的，剩下的，备用的vt. 节约，吝啬；抽出，让出；饶恕，使免于受罚等
spare no efforts/pains to do sth.不遗余力地去做某事
spare no expenses不惜工本
i n one’s spare time在某人的业余时间里
s spare room备用房间
s pare one’s life饶某人的命
s pare one’s energy节约精力
s pare one’s feelings不使某人难过
spare sb. sth. 让某人某物
be spare of sth. 缺少某物
99. work out/work on/work at
100.figure
101. ashamed/embarrassed
102. failure
103. contain/include
104. treatment
105. painful
106. damage/destroy
107.attractive
108. prefer
109. suffer
110. advice/advise
111. as
112. all短语
113. in+词组小结
114. effect/affect
115. fall
116. get
117. comfort
118. in the long term
119. comfort
120. count
121. amount
122. concentrate
123. so
124. give
125. worth
126. pay attention to
127.与完成时态连用的词/词组
222. have an effect on 对…有影响
223. be in effect (=be in operation) 有效
224. go into effect 生效. ( 近: come into effect; take effect; be brought into effect) 225. in effect (=in fact, really) 实际上
226. give effect to (=carry out) 实行,使…生效
227. to no effect 不起作用,没有取得任何效果
228. (be) of no effect (=useless) 无效
229. to the effect that 大意是…,主要内容是…
230. to that effect 是那个意思的…
语法之定语从句
简单句的五种基本句型
1、主语+不及物动词(Vi.)/SV：e.g. We work.
常用的不及物动词(Vi.)有:sleep, work, run, listen, walk, happen, argue, arrive, belong, chat,cheer, compete, depend, (dis)agree, (dis)appear等注意：在学习词汇过程中药注意积累不及物动词！！！
2、主语+及物动词(Vt.)+宾语/SVO：
常用的及物动词(Vt.) spend, visit等
e.g. I like you. I see you. I miss you. I visited Shanghai. Henry bought a dictionary.
3、主语+及物动词(Vt.)+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g. My father bought me a car.
用于此句型的动词有buy,find,bring,give,teach,pass,show,tell,do,leave,get,lend,lose（使……失去, cost(使……付出代价)，offer,promise,sing,write,deny,envy等
4、主语+及物动词(Vt.)+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e.g. Tom made the baby laugh.
1)、接名词作补足语的动词有：call,choose,think,consider,believe,find,make,etc.
2)、接动词不定式作补足语的动词有：see,watch,notice,let,have,hear,make;ask,tell,order,
require,want,advise,persuade, cause,encourage,permit(allow),forbid,teach etc.
不能用于此结构的动词有：suggest,demand,hope,agree.
3)、接形容词作补足语的动词有：think,believe,find,feel,consider,keep,leave,make,get,paint,wish,drive,
5、主语+系动词+表语： e.g. He is a student.
连系动词有：be,seem,appear,keep,prove,turn out/look,feel,sound,smell,taste/become,
grow,get,turn,go,come(true),fall(ill,asleep)
注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。
定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行
关系代词(6个)有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as
关系副词(3个)有：when, where, why
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that (人)这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(“…的” 只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换), 例如：
但在下列情况下不能互换：
1．先行词是人时，只能用whose，不能用of which；
2．of不具有所属关系含义时，只能用of which(或of whom)，不能用whose。
It’s the first ti me the boy whose father is an engineer has paid a visit to our school.
(不能用of which替换whose)
3）which, that(物)
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
A.关系副词where引导的定语从句
1. 当先行词是表示地点的名词，如place，room，mountain，airport等，同时又在从句中作状语时，定语从句
需要用关系副词where引导。地点名词除了具体名词如school, hospital, factory, museum
等，
2. 通常，引导定语从句的where大都可以转换成“介词＋which”的形式。
3.当表示地点的先行词在从句中不是作状语，而是作主语、宾语或表语时，必须用关系代词that或which引导
定语从句，而不是用where。
B.关系副词when引导的定语从句
1.当先行词是表示时间的名词，如time, day, year, month, week等，同时又在从句中作状语时，定语从句需要用关系副词when引导。
2.与where一样，引导定语从句的when也可以转换成“介词＋which”的形式。
3.当先行词为the time，the moment，the day，the minute等时，关系副词when可以省略，也可以用that引导。
例如：The moment (that /when) I turned round，she had left and disappeared in the crowd．
当我转过身来时，她已经离开并消失在人群中了。
4.当表示时间的先行词在从句中不是作状语，而是作主语、宾语或表语时，必须用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，而不是用when。
例如：The film reminded me of those miserable days (that／which) I spent in my childhood．
这部电影使我想起了我童年时代度过的那些苦难日子。
C.关系副词why引导的定语从句
1.当先行词是表示原因的名词reason时，定语从句需要用关系副词why引导，此时的定语从句说明先行词的内容。例：Do you know the reason why there are heat losses in a steam engine﹖你知道蒸汽机中存在热损耗的原因吗？
2.我们也可以用for which来替代why。
例如：The reason why／for which you failed，I think，was th at you had turned a deaf ear to your mother’s advice．我认为你失败的原因是你不听你母亲的忠告。
注意：在“the reason why sb does sth．is that 从句”的结构中，that不能换成because。
三、判断关系代词与关系副词规律：
缺句子成分（主语or宾语），用关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which）；
不缺句子成分（主语or宾语），则用关系副词( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。
四、限制性和非限制性定语从句
1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；
which, who, whom, whose, where, when、等引导。例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
比较：“他有两个女儿,其中一个是护士。”
He has two daughters, one of whom works as a nurse.(非限制性定语从句)
He has two daughters, and one of them works as a nurse.(并列句)
2) 其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3) 例如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
Unit 3 Travel Journal 旅行日记 Journey down the Mekong 旅行湄公河 part1：THE DREAM AND THE PLAN 梦想和计划 My name is Wang Kun.① Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. Two years ago，she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one. Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college in Kunming. They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries.（同位语）Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. ② It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. Now she is
高中课本知识分布 必修一 1.共有三个单元 2.各单元知识点 第一单元：一般现在时，现在进行时，be going to 第二单元：一般过去时，过去进行时，现在完成时 第三单元：被动语态，情态动词 3.全书单词数量为：204个 词组数量为：44个 必修二 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第四单元：一般将来时will和be going to的区别，真实条件句和虚拟条件句，让步状语从句 第五单元：原因、结果、目的状语从句 第六单元：表示时间、地点、动作的介词，定语从句，冠词 3. 全书单词数量为：229个 词组数量为：23个 必修三 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第七单元：关系副词，介词+which引导的定语从句，形容词的比较级 第八单元：限制性和非限制性定语从句，静态动词和动态动词 第九单元：现在完成进行时态，现在完成时态和现在完成进行时态 3. 全书单词数量为：262个 词组数量为：40个 必修四 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第十单元：不定代词和动词不定式 第十一单元：被动语态，动名词作主语，宾语，表语，定语 第十二单元：跟动名词或不定式作宾语的动词，现在分词作副词，作表语，定语，宾语补足语 3. 全书单词数量为：330个词组数量为：24个 高一共计单词1025，词组131 必修五 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第十三单元：过去分词在句中可作形容词或副词用，修饰名词，在句中作定语，宾语补足
语或表语 第十四单元：情态动词表示推测 第十五单元：虚拟语气 3. 全书单词数量为：313个 词组数量为：25个 选修六 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第十六单元：过去完成时 第十七单元：过去完成进行时1 第十八单元：过去完成进行时2 3. 全书单词数量为：245个 词组数量为：31个 选修七 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第十九单元：名词性从句 第二十单元：将来完成时和将来进行时 第二十一单元：混合虚拟条件句和情态动词 3. 全书单词数量为：340个 词组数量为：13个 选修八 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第二十二单元：被动态和表示报道的表达 第二十三单元：强调句和各种完成时的形态（将来完成时，现在完成时，过去完成时，现在完成进行时，现在分词的完成时及情态动词加完成时的用法） 第二十四单元：劝说的表达 3. 全书单词数量为：375个 词组数量为：61个 高二共计单词1273，词组130个 高中共计单词2298，词组261 北师大版高中英语语法总结（必修一—选修八） 必修一 一、present simple and present continuous 一般现在是和现在进行时 1，present simple: 反复进行的，经常性的动作（惯例习惯） Eg, He watches soap operas. 及状态I live in Budapest. 一般现在时常和下列时间状语连用：always, usually, from, time to time, twice a week, rarely,
人教版高一英语知识点梳理五篇精选 高中学习容量大，不但要掌握目前的知识，还要把高中的知识与初中的知识溶为一体才能学好。在读书、听课、研习、总结这四个环节都比初中的学习有更高的要求。 人教版高一英语知识点1 重点单词 minister continent eastward surround harbor extremely settle within border figure terrify official wealthy distance flow downtown tradition broad bush fall schoolmate approximately coast measure chat rapidly scenery manager complete aboard nearby cowboy prize realize slightly distant urban port fresh tour cross confirm coast 重点短语 be/go on a trip rather than catch sight of as well as because of go on a tour of go through as far as be surrounded by settle down have a gift for at dawn be close to figure out in the distance
重点句子 1. … there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada. 2. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. Some people have the idea that you can …., but they forget the fact that …. 3. People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 4. It’s so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 meters. 5. The next stop was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary Stampede. 6. The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes. 7. … they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.
Practice makes perfect! 高一英语 Book 2Unit 1 Cultural relics 1.survive 幸免；幸存；生还（survival 幸存 , survivor 幸存者） 2.in search of 寻找 (介词短语 ) search for sth 寻找 (动词短语 ) search sb/ sp 搜身 /搜某地 3.to one's amazement 令人惊讶的是(amazed 感到惊讶的 , amazing 令人惊讶的 ) 4.select 精选 ,choose 普通选择 ,elect 选举 5.be designed for sb/sth 计划或打算给某人 /某物用 be designed to do sth 设计目的是做某事 by design=on purpose 有意地 (by chance/ accident 偶然 /意外地 ) 6.fancy 奇特的；异样的；想象/喜欢（ +doing ） 7. decorate sth with sth用...装饰... be decorated with被装饰; 8.belong to 属于不用于被动结构、完成时和进行时态 9.worth 值得的；相当于的价值；值钱的 be +worth +doing ( 主动形式表被动含义) It is really/well/very much worth doing. be worthy of being done= be worthy of to be done It is worthwhile doing/to do 10.doubt 怀疑；疑惑There is no doubt that.... 毫无疑问 .... doubt 作动词时，用在肯定句中通常后面接whether 或 if 引导的名词性从句，在否定或疑 问句中通常后接that 引导的名词性从句 She doubted whether/if the story was true.; Do you doubt that he can do the work well? 11.in return 作为报答；回报（in turn 依次 / 反过来 , in return for sth作为对的回报 12.remain 保存，保留 ,任然 ; remain a mystery任然是个迷; remain at home ; remain to be done 有待于被 ...remain beautiful 13.at war 处于交战状态“ at+n.”处于某种状态 14. think highly/ well / much of看重；器重;对评价高( think poorly / ill / badly of对评价不高） ---被动 : be highly thought of 15 否定词 / 否定介词短语位于句首时,主句用部分倒装( 参见优化P16) Unit 2 The Olympic Games https://www.doczj.com/doc/c55424150.html,pete with/against sb(for sth) 与某人（为某事物）竞争 compete in参加..比赛/竞争(competitor 竞赛者 ; competition 竞赛 ) 2.take part in sth 参与，参加 (较大型活动 ), take part 不接宾语take an active part in 积极参加( join 参加组织机构并成为其中一员,join in 参加游戏或小型活动, attend 出席会议 ,讲座 ,上课 ,婚礼 ; ) join sb( in doing)加入某人(一起做) 3.stand for( 字母或符合 )代表，象征，表示; stand by 袖手旁观 ; stand out 突出，显眼 https://www.doczj.com/doc/c55424150.html,ed to do sth 过去常常做 ; be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做; 5.be used to do sth 被用来做某事 6.be admitted to /into 被 ....接受 /录取admit (to)doing sth承认做了某事 7.as well 也，又，还 (句末 ); as well as 和 (谓语形式取决前面名词)，与 ...一样好 8.replace by/with用...替换/取代=take the place of， be in place of ， 9.take one's place 10.in charge of 主管 / 负责 ; in the charge of 被 /由主管 / 负责 charge sb some money for sth 因某事（物）收某人钱 charge sb with (doing) sth控诉某人做某事; free of charge 免费
课后强化演练 Unit 4 Part ⅠWarming Up, Prereading，Reading & Comprehending Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The poor girl b________ into tears when she found her cat was dead. 答案：burst 2．An earthquake left the whole city in r________. 答案：ruins 3．Five people were i________ in the car accident and no person got killed. 答案：injured 4．An old man was still t________ in the burning house; someone must go and save him. 答案：trapped 5．After earthquake, their immediate needs are food, clothing and s________. 答案：shelter 6．The life boat was sent out to r________ the sailors from the sinking ship. 答案：rescue 7．He was killed in the war and this is a s________ to his family. 答案：shock 8．You can't turn on TV or computer if there is no e________. 答案：electricity 9．Floods, earthquakes, fires and hurricane are kinds of d________. 答案：disasters 10．He determined to be a r________ to report the latest news. 答案：reporter Ⅱ.短语填空 as if, a great number of, be trapped in, right away, come to one's rescue, millions of, dig out, burst into, do an injury to, in ruins 1．________ people gathered on the Tian'anmen Square to celebrate National Day. 答案：Millions of 2．Many buildings are ________ because of the big earthquake. 答案：in ruins 3．Don't lift that toolbox—you'll ________ yourself! do an injury to 答案： 4．On hearing the good news, he shared it with his parents ________. 答案：right away 5．Some robbers ________ that house, and robbed many things of it.
高一英语一知识点总结 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《高一英语一知识点总结》的内容，具体内容：英语知识点一直是高中英语教学的一个难点。下面是我为大家带来的高一英语一知识点总结，相信对你会有帮助的。(一)1. fond of "喜爱，爱好"... 英语知识点一直是高中英语教学的一个难点。下面是我为大家带来的高一英语一知识点总结，相信对你会有帮助的。 (一) 1. fond of "喜爱，爱好" 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。例如： Hes fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗? He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。 2. hunt for = look for寻找 I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。 hunt for a job 找工作 3. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to. 如: He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting. In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。
高一英语知识点 重点词组： 1. fond of “ 喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词de -ing 形式。例如： He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗 ? He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他de研究工作。 2. hunt for = look for 寻找 I have found the book I was hunting for. 我找到了那本我在找de书。 hunt for a job 找工作 3. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目de状语 , in order to 可放于句首 , so as to 则不能 , 其否定形式为 in order not to / so as not to. 如 : He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting. In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us. 为了让我们注意他 , 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。 4. care about 1) 喜欢，对…… 有兴趣 = care for She doesn’t care about money. 她不喜欢钱。 2 ）关心 = care for She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people. 她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。 3 ）在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分） These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说de话。 5. such as 意为“ 诸如……” ，“ 像……” ，是用来列举人或事物de。 She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目 , 像物理、化学。 6. drop * a line 留下便条 , 写封短信
Unit 1 Friendship 知识点总结： 1.add up 合计，把…加起来 add up to 合计达到… add to 增加，增添 add A to B 把…加进…里面，把…和…相加 eg. Please add these figures up. These figures add up to 900. The bad weather added to our difficulities. Please add some salt to the water. If you add three to four, you get seven. Add three to four and you get seven. Three added to four is seven. add vt. 补充说（后接that从句或者直接引语） Eg. He added that they would return in a week. “And don’t be late,”she added. 词组辨析： 1). The time I spend in commuting every day _________ two and a half hours. 2). Colorful balloons can _____ the festival atmosphere. 3). To make sure the result was correct，she ________ the figures again and again. 高考链接： There have been several new events to the program for 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A. add B. to add C. adding D. added 2.Your friend comes to school very upset. upset 此处为adj. 做主语补足语，用来补充说明主语的情况。 Eg. He went to bed cold and hungry. She got married young. The room was found empty. ▲ upset的用法： (1). adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的（多做表语） 搭配：be upset about sth. 为某事烦心be upset that… 心烦 eg. She was really upset about losing the money. I was upset that he had left without saying goodbye. (2). vt. 使不安，使心烦(upset, upset) Eg. Don’t upset yourself about it. The bad news upset the boy’s mother. 3.calm down vt./vi. （使）平静下来，（使）镇定下来 eg. The excited girl quickly calmed down. He took a deep breath to calm himself down. ▲calm adj. 平静的，镇静的，沉着的 eg. Keep calm. After the storm, it became calm again. ▲adj. calm, quiet, still, silent辨析： calm 平静的，沉着的（指无风浪或者人的心情不激动） quiet 安静的，宁静的（指没有声音，不吵闹或者心里没有烦恼，忧虑） still 静止的，不动的（指没有运动或者动作的状态） silent 沉默的，不出声的（指没有声音或者不讲话） 【一言辨异】When facing danger, you should keep calm; when taken photos of, you should keep still; when someone else is asleep, you should keep quiet; in class, you shouldn’t keep silent about the teacher’s questions. 4.have got to 不得不，必须= have to eg. I have got to go to a meeting. Have you got to go now? He hasn’t got to come tomorrow. 【说明】: have got to 很少用于过去时态。 have to 可用于各种时态，而且可与情态动词，助动词连用。 have to 强调客观需要“不得不”; must 强调主观愿望“必须” 5. concern （1）vt. (使)担忧，涉及，关系到 eg. She concerns herself about her son’s future. The news concerns your brother. ▲concern 做动词时，更多情况下用过去分词做表语。搭配： ①be concerned about/for sth. 为… 担心，关心，关注，挂念
高一人教版英语知识点归纳分享 人教版高一英语知识点总结1 重点短语 1. be fond of爱好 2. treat…as…把……看作为…… 3. make friends with 与……交朋友 4. argue with sb. about / oversth. 与某人争论某事 5. hunt for寻找 6. in order to为了 7. share…with与……分享 8. bring in引进;赚钱 9. a great / good many许多… _. have difficulty (in) doing做……有困难 _. end up with以……结束 _. e_cept for除……之外 _. come about发生 _. make(a)fire生火 _. make yourself at home别拘束 _. the majority of大多数 _. drop sb. a line给某人写短信 _. for the first time第一次 _. at all根本;竟然 _. have a (good) knowledge of…精通…… ☆交际用语☆ 1. i think… i like / love / hate... i enjoy... my interests are...
2. did you have a good flight? you must be very tired. just make yourself at home. i beg your pardon? can you tell me how to pronounce...? get it. 人教版高一英语知识点总结2 核心单词 persuade vt.说服;劝服;使相信(同convince) 常用结构: persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不要做某事 persuade sb. that-clause 使某人相信…… 联想拓展 talk sb. into/out of doing sth.=reason sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 trick sb. into/out of doing sth. 诱使某人做/不做某事 urge sb. into/out of doing sth. 怂恿某人做/不做某事 易混辨析 advise/persuade advise 强调劝告,建议的动作,不注重结果;而persuade强调已经说服 ,重在结果.用法上:advise可跟v.-ing形式作宾语,也可以接that-clause (that sb. should do),而persuade则不能.
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit 12345One Friendship 一、重点短语 through 经历，经受 get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）； take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再… 18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.） much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到…才 20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.”
高一英语20个知识点汇总全 1. be fond of “喜爱，爱好”接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。 He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗? He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。 2. hunt for = look for 寻找 I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。 hunt for a job 找工作 3. in order to/so as to：这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to 可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to. He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting. In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。 4. care about 1) 喜欢，对……有兴趣= care for She doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。
2）关心= care for She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。 3）在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分） These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。 5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。 She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目,像物理、化学。 6. drop a line 留下便条, 写封短信 7. make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束 If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。 8. stay up 不睡；熬夜 （1）I'll be late home, don't stay up for me. 我将回家很晚，不要等我了。 （2）He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.
课后强化演练 Unit 2 Part ⅠWarming Up, Prereading， Reading & Comprehending Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The language is rich in v________，that is to say, it has a large number of words. 答案：vocabulary 2．Are you a visitor or a n________ here? 答案：native 3．Growing vegetables looks easy, but a________ there is a lot to learn. 答案：actually 4．I think the new ship is not good enough to make a long v________. 答案：voyage 5．One should always b________ his opinion on facts. 答案：base 6．He has lost his i________ card and was questioned by the police. 答案：identity 7．We all admire her for her speaking English f________. 答案：fluently 8．Tom and Jack are good friends; the former is a teacher, the ________ is a student. 答案：latter 9．They bought some new beds to furnish their new a________. 答案：apartment 10．We took the e________ to the eighteenth floor. 答案：elevator Ⅱ.短语填空 at present, make use of, because of, come up, at the end of, even if, such as, a number of, more than, in some ways 1．We stayed in all day ________ the rain. 答案：because of 2．________，the world economic situation to China should be an unusual good opportunity. 答案：At present 3．He lives ________ the road. 答案：at the end of
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）much too 太…(后接adj.)19. not…until 直到…才20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。 例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则 （一）陈述句的变化规则 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。 人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思 例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化
高一英语知识点 重点词组：1. hunt for = look for寻找 I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。 hunt for a job 找工作 2. fond of “喜爱，爱好”接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。例如： He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗? He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。 3. care about 1) 喜欢，对……有兴趣= care for She doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。 2）关心= care for She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people. 她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。 3）在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分） These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。 4. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to 则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to. 如: He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting. In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。 5. drop * a line 留下便条, 写封短信 6. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。 She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目,像物理、化学。 7、make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束 （1）If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。 8、come about 引起；发生；产生 （1）How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的？ （2）They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。 9、stay up 不睡；熬夜 （1）I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚，不要等我了。 （2）He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。 10、end up with 以……告终；以……结束 （1）The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。 11、except for 除……之外 （1）except 与except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。 ②We go there every day except Sunday.除了星期天，我们天天去那里。 （2）except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如： ①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。 ②Your picture is good except for the colours.你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。 （3）但在现代英语中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是：