Influence of Acylation on the Adsorption of Insulin to Hydrophobic

小学上册英语第6单元综合卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What is the capital of Italy?A. VeniceB. FlorenceC. RomeD. MilanC2. A __________ (混合物) can be separated into its components.3.They are _____ (climbing) the hill.4.The ancient Romans had a system of ________ to govern their empire.5.The ______ of a rose bush can be very thorny. (玫瑰灌木的茎可能非常多刺。

)6.The capital of Laos is __________.7. A __________ is a type of chemical reaction that produces energy in the form of light.8.What do we call the young of a cow?A. CalfB. KidC. LambD. Foal9.The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon ______.10.I enjoy visiting the ______ (农场) to see all the animals.11.The flower pot is colorful and ______.12.Which planet is known for having the highest mountain in the solar system?A. EarthB. MarsC. JupiterD. Venus13.我的朋友喜欢 _______ (活动). 她觉得这很 _______ (形容词)14.The green color of plants is due to ______.15.An alloy is a mixture of ______.16.What do you call a person who plays sports?A. AthleteB. ArtistC. ChefD. Scientist17.The __________ is the smallest continent in the world.18.What is the capital of Finland?A. HelsinkiB. StockholmC. OsloD. TallinnA19.What is the term for a person who studies rocks?A. GeologistB. BiologistC. ArcheologistD. ChemistA20.What do we call the energy from the sun?A. Solar energyB. Wind energyC. Nuclear energyD. Geothermal energyA21.What do we call the process of turning a caterpillar into a butterfly?A. MetamorphosisB. EvolutionC. TransformationD. GrowthA22.The capital of Sweden is _______.23.What is the opposite of "up"?A. DownB. LeftC. RightD. Forward24.I like to help my mom ________ (清理房间).25.I enjoy _______ (listening) to classical music.26.The cat loves to watch _______ from the window.27.Saturn has over known ______.28.What do we call the study of the human mind and behavior?A. PsychologyB. SociologyC. AnthropologyD. Philosophy29.ts can ______ (适应变化) in their environment. Some pla30.What is the capital city of the UK?A. LondonB. EdinburghC. CardiffD. BelfastA31.Which animal lives both on land and in water?A. HorseB. FrogC. BirdD. FishB32.My ______ enjoys playing board games.33.I enjoy riding my ______ (马) on the trails through the ______ (森林).34.Which of these is a type of tree?A. RoseB. OakC. DaisyD. TulipB35.The capital of Italy is _____ (26).36.The _____ (栽培) of plants is called horticulture.37.My teacher is very __________ (公平公正).38.The bird is singing a ______ (sweet) song.39.Which fruit is yellow and curved?A. OrangeB. AppleC. BananaD. GrapeC40.The North Star is also known as _______.41.The ancient Egyptians developed a unique system of ________ (书写).42.George Washington was the first __________ of the United States. (总统)43.What is the hardest natural substance on Earth?A. GoldB. DiamondC. IronD. Silver44.Sulfuric acid is a common industrial ________.45.兔子) hops around in the garden. The ___46. A _______ reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings.47.What do you call the large body of fresh water?A. OceanB. LakeC. RiverD. Sea48.What do we use to cut paper?A. GlueB. ScissorsC. TapeD. PencilB49.I like to make homemade ________ (果汁) during the summer to stay cool.50.The ant works hard to build its ______ (巢).51.Which animal is known for its shells?A. FishB. TurtleC. BirdD. Cat52. A _______ can be used to measure the temperature of different materials.53. A __________ (生态研究) helps inform conservation efforts.54.The __________ (历史的联系) underscores unity.55.What is the name of the famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci?A. The Starry NightB. The Last SupperC. Mona LisaD. Girl with a Pearl EarringC56. A ______ is a large-scale movement of the Earth’s crust.57.What do you call a large structure that holds water?A. ReservoirB. TankC. PoolD. BasinA58.The __________ (历史研究) is essential for understanding our place in the world.59.She is _______ (climbing) the ladder.60.What is the main ingredient in chicken soup?A. RiceB. NoodlesC. ChickenD. All of the aboveD61.What is the name of the famous desert in Egypt?A. SaharaB. GobiC. AtacamaD. MojaveA62.I want to _______ a great athlete.63.The ______ can be found in almost every habitat.64. A __________ is a mammal that is known for its intelligence.65.What is 2 + 2?A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 666.The element with the atomic number is ______.67.The firefly lights up the _________. (夜空)68.My _______ (宠物) rabbit is very friendly.69.What instrument do you blow into?A. GuitarB. FluteC. DrumsD. Violin70.The __________ were fierce warriors from Scandinavia. (维京人)71.I think that every person has the potential to be __________.72.I enjoy ___ (photography).73.What is the name of the tree that produces acorns?A. PineB. BirchC. OakD. MapleC74.The __________ (历史的思考) encourages critical analysis.75.We are going ________ a trip.76.The tortoise moves slowly across the _________. (地面)77.Who is the author of "Harry Potter"?A. J.K. RowlingB. Roald DahlC. Mark TwainD. Dr. SeussA78.My favorite ice cream flavor is ______.79.The skunk sprays when it feels _________. (威胁)80.What do we call the process of recycling waste materials?A. CompostingB. ReusingC. ReducingD. UpcyclingA81.What is the main purpose of a book?A. To cookB. To readC. To writeD. To draw82.The Earth's atmosphere contains layers such as the ______ and stratosphere.83.What is the name of the famous ship that is a symbol of love?A. TitanicB. Love BoatC. Queen MaryD. USS EnterpriseA84. A chemical reaction that requires heat to proceed is called an ________ reaction.85.What is the process of water turning into vapor called?A. CondensationB. EvaporationC. PrecipitationD. FiltrationB86.The chemical formula for amyl acetate is ______.87.The first successful heart-lung transplant was performed in ________.88.What is the main color of a polar bear?A. BrownB. WhiteC. BlackD. GrayB89.What is the primary ingredient in pancakes?A. FlourB. SugarC. EggsD. MilkA90.The element with the symbol Hg is __________.91.What is the capital city of the United Kingdom?A. DublinB. EdinburghC. LondonD. CardiffC92.The library has many ________.93. A _______ is a method of separating components based on their boiling points.94.The chemical formula for ammonia is __________.95.I see a _____ (老虎) at the zoo.96.My pet ______ (狗) loves to play fetch.97.The sky is _____ (clear/cloudy) today.98. A solution that does not conduct electricity is called a ______ solution.99.What is the largest rainforest in the world?A. Congo RainforestB. Amazon RainforestC. TaigaD. Temperate ForestB100.My mom loves to teach ____ (art) classes.。

小学上册英语第五单元真题试卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What is the color of grass?A. YellowB. BrownC. GreenD. BlueC2.What is the name of the popular card game played with a standard deck of cards?A. PokerB. BridgeC. RummyD. SolitaireA3.My pet ______ (兔子) loves to munch on vegetables.4.The antelope gracefully moves through the grasslands, a testament to speed and ____.5.The owl hoots softly in the ______ (夜晚).6.Plants can create a ______ (宁静的环境) in our lives.7.The _____ (花卉) are beautiful and fragrant.8.The bear catches fish in the cold ____.9.What do we call a baby elephant?A. CalfB. FawnC. CubD. KidA10.Chemical reactions can be initiated by a ______.11.Astrobiology studies the possibility of ______ life in the universe.12.The __________ is a region known for its handicrafts.13.The butterfly's wings are like ______ (彩虹).14.The city of Nicosia is the capital of _______.15.Helium was first discovered in the ______ before being found on Earth.16.I made a fort with my ____ and blankets. (玩具名称)17.I want to learn how to ______.18.The _______ (Lewis and Clark Expedition) explored the western territories of the US.19.The sun is shining ________.20.My sister is a _____ (演员) in the school play.21.The capital of Italy is _______.22.What is the term for the boundary around a black hole where nothing can escape?A. SingularityB. Event HorizonC. Photon SphereD. Gravity Well23. A _____ is a piece of land that juts out into the sea.24.My aunt enjoys giving ____ (advice) to others.25.The element with the symbol Hg is __________.26.Vines can _____ (攀爬) up walls.27.What is the primary ingredient in salad?A. MeatB. VegetablesC. RiceD. Bread28. A __________ (色素) gives color to plants and flowers.29.The bear catches a fish with its _____ strong paws.30.How many colors are in the American flag?A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. FiveB31.He is a great ___. (cook)32. A solution that contains a small amount of solute is called ______.33.What do you call the part of a plant that grows underground?A. StemB. LeafC. RootD. Flower34.The ancient Romans celebrated festivals like _____.35.What do we call the area where wild animals live?A. ZooB. HabitatC. SanctuaryD. Farm36.What is the capital of Italy?A. MilanB. RomeC. VeniceD. FlorenceB37.The Earth is the _____ planet from the sun.38.What do we call the science of the universe?A. AstrologyB. AstronomyC. CosmologyD. PhysicsB39.Space missions have expanded our understanding of the ______.40.My grandma has a ______ (宠物) cat named Whiskers.41.Which instrument has keys and makes music?A. GuitarB. DrumsC. PianoD. FluteC42.The butterfly is ______ (colorful) and pretty.43.What is the name of the tallest building in the world?A. Burj KhalifaB. Taipei 101C. Empire State BuildingD. One World Trade CenterA44.She has a ______ pet turtle. (green)45.The __________ (历史的启蒙) sparks change.46.What is the opposite of ‘full’?A. EmptyB. PackedC. CompleteD. Whole47.Martin Luther King Jr. is known for his role in the ________ movement.48.The ____ is often seen scurrying around looking for food.49.The cheetah's speed is an evolutionary adaptation for catching fast________________ (猎物).50. A hamster runs on its ______ at night.51.I want to learn how to ________ (唱歌).52.The chemical formula for ethanol is _______.53.What is 5 + 7?A. 10B. 11C. 12D. 1354.This is my favorite . (这是我最喜欢的。

小学上册英语第二单元期末试卷(含答案)考试时间：80分钟（总分:140）A卷一、综合题(共计100题共100分)1. 选择题：What is the capital city of Greece?A. AthensB. RomeC. IstanbulD. Cairo答案:A2. 填空题：I love to play ______ (棋) with my grandfather. He always teaches me new ______ (策略).3. 听力题：He is a great ___ (singer).4. 填空题：A ____(plateau) is often called a tableland.5. 填空题：The _____ (小鸭) quacks happily in the pond.6. 填空题：My favorite thing to do is ________ (看书).7. 听力题：The _____ (clock) shows the time.8. 听力题：The puppy likes to play with a ______ (ball).9. 填空题：A ____(public space) encourages community interaction.The __________ is the fourth largest ocean.11. 选择题：What do you call the process of a seed growing into a plant?A. GerminationB. FertilizationC. PollinationD. Photosynthesis答案: A12. 听力题：A chameleon can change its ______.13. 填空题：My ________ (玩具名称) is perfect for imaginative play.14. 填空题：I can ______ (提高) my understanding of concepts.15. 填空题：The __________ (花园) is a great place to relax.16. 选择题：What is the capital of Norway?A. OsloB. BergenC. AlesundD. Tromsø17. 填空题：A _____ (草甸) is a grassy area with wildflowers.18. 填空题：The ______ (蝴蝶) has beautiful wings.19. 选择题：What do you call a person who makes movies?A. DirectorB. ProducerC. ActorD. Filmmaker20. 填空题：My family loves to __________ on holiday. (度假)In a ______ change, the substance's identity does not change.22. 听力题：When ice melts, it turns into _______.23. 听力题：A substance that increases the rate of a reaction is called a(n) _______.24. 选择题：Which of these is a type of bird?A. SalmonB. SparrowC. SharkD. Dolphin25. 填空题：The tortoise is slow but very _______ (聪明).26. 听力题：The chemical property of reacting with acid is called ______.27. 听力题：Some _______ are known for their vibrant colors.28. 填空题：My family enjoys celebrating birthdays by calling each other ______. (我的家人喜欢通过称呼彼此为____来庆祝生日。

化学及化工专业词汇英语翻译18 electron rule 18 电子则abbe refractometer 阿贝折射计abbreviated analysis 简略分析abderhalden's dryer 阿布德尔哈尔登干燥器abderhalden's reaction 阿布德尔哈尔登反应abegg's rule 阿贝格规则abel closed tester 阿贝尔氏密闭实验机abel pensky tester 阿贝尔彭斯基试验器abel tester 阿贝尔试验器abelite 阿贝立特aberration 像差abies oil 松节油abietate 松香酯abietic acid 松香酸abietin 松香素abiochemistry 无生化学;无机化学ablation 消融ablution 洗净abnormal setting 反常凝结abnormality 反常abradant 磨料abrader 磨损试验机abrasion 磨耗abrasion loss 磨损量abrasion resistance 耐磨能力abrasion test 磨耗试验abrasion testing machine 磨损试验机abrasive 磨料abrasive grain 磨料颗粒abrasive industry 磨料工业abrasive paper 砂纸abrasiveness 磨损性abrasives 研磨剂abs resin abs 尸abs resins abs尸abscisic acid 阿伯喂酸absinthe oil 洋艾油absolute activity 绝对活性度absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute calibration 绝对校准absolute configuration 绝对构型absolute dry condition 绝对干燥状态absolute dry weight 绝对干重absolute error 绝对误差absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute measurement 绝对测量absolute reaction rate 绝对反应速度absolute sensitivity 绝对灵敏度absolute specific gravity 真比重absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute unit 绝对单位absolute value 绝对值absolute viscosity 绝对粘度absolute zero 绝对零度absorbability 吸收性absorbance 吸光度absorbed dose 吸收线量absorbent 吸收剂absorbent paper 吸收纸absorber 吸收器吸收体absorbing power 吸收能力absorptiometer 吸光测定计absorptiometric analysis 吸光分析absorptiometry 吸收分光光度法absorption 吸收absorption band 吸收带absorption cell 吸收池absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption column 吸收塔absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption edge 吸收端absorption factor 吸收因子absorption heat 吸收热absorption intensity 吸收强度absorption line 吸收线absorption maximum 最大吸收absorption method 吸收法absorption oil 吸收油absorption pipet 吸收管absorption refrigerator 吸收式冷冻器absorption spectrophotometry 吸收分光光度法absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorption tower 吸收塔absorption tube 吸收管absorptive power 吸收能力absorptivity 吸收率abukumalite 钇硅磷灰石abysmal deposit 深海沉积物abyssal deposit 深海沉积物ac polarography 交莲谱法acacia 阿拉伯屎acaricide 杀螨剂acaroid resin 禾木尸accelerant 促进剂accelerated aging 加速老化accelerated aging test 加速老化试验accelerated weathering test 加速风化试验accelerating agent 促进剂acceleration globulin 促凝血球蛋白acceleration of gravity 重力加速度accelerator 促进剂acceptor 接受体accessory constituent 副成分accetyl value number 乙酰值accidental error 偶然误差acclimatization 驯化accommodation 适应accommodation coeffieient 适应系数accumulator 蓄电池accumulator acid 蓄电池酸液accuracy 准确度acenaphthene 威杀灵acenaphthene quinone 苊醌acenaphthenone 二氢苊酮acenaphthylene 萘嵌戊烯acenocoumarol 苊香豆醇acephate 乙酰甲胺磷acetal 乙缩醛acetal phosphatide 缩醛磷脂acetal resin 缩醛尸acetaldehydase 乙醛酶acetaldehyde 乙醛acetaldehyde ammonia 乙醛合氨acetaldehyde reductase 醇脱氢酶acetaldol 3 羟基丁醛acetaldoxime 乙醛肟acetamide 乙酰胺acetamidine 乙脒acetanilide 乙酰苯胺acetarsol 乙酰胂胺acetate 醋酸盐acetate dye 醋酸染料acetate fiber 醋酸纤维acetate film 醋酸纤维胶片acetate rayon 醋酸丝acetazolamide 乙酰唑胺acetic acid 醋酸acetic acid fermentation 乙酸发酵acetic acid glacial 冰醋酸acetic aldehyde 乙醛acetic anhydride 醋酐acetic bacteria 醋酸菌acetic ester 醋酸酯acetification 醋化酌acetimeter 醋酸计acetine 醋精acetoacetanilide 乙酰乙酰替苯胺acetoacetate 乙酰醋酸盐acetoacetic acid 乙酰醋酸acetoin 醋偶姻acetol 丙酮醇acetolactic acid 乙酰乳酸acetolysis 乙酸水解acetomeroctol 醋汞辛酚acetometry 醋酸测定法acetone 丙酮acetone alcohol 丙酮醇acetone body 酮体acetone butanol fermentation 丙酮丁醇发酵acetone chloroform 三氯叔丁醇acetone cyanhydrin 丙酮合氰化氢acetone dicarboxylic acid 丙酮二羧酸acetone fermentation 丙酮发酵acetone sugar 丙酮糖acetonic acid 醋酮酸acetonitrile 乙腈acetonyl acetone 丙酮基丙酮acetophenetidin n 乙酰乙氧基苯胺acetophenone 苯乙酮acetopurpurin 乙酰替红紫acetoxime 丙酮肟acetoxyl group 乙酰氧基acetoxylation 乙酸化aceturic acid 乙酰甘氨酸acetyl bromide 乙酰溴acetyl chloride 乙酰氯acetyl hydroperoxide 过乙酸acetyl iodide 碘化乙酰acetyl ketene 二酮acetyl peroxide 过氧化乙酰acetyl propionyl 乙酰丙酰acetyl value 乙酰值acetylacetone 乙酰丙酮acetylase 乙酰酯酶acetylating agent 乙酰剂acetylation 乙酰化acetylbenzoyl peroxide 乙酰过氧化苯甲酰acetylcellulose 乙酰纤维素acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱acetylene 乙炔acetylene black 乙炔炭黑acetylene burner 乙炔燃烧器acetylene chemistry 乙炔化学acetylene chloride 乙炔基氯acetylene complex 乙炔络合物acetylene generator 乙炔发生器acetylene linkage 炔键acetylene polymer 乙炔聚合物acetylene tetrachloride 四氯乙炔acetylene welding 气焊acetylenic hydrocarbon 乙炔属烃类acetylide 乙炔化合物acetylisoeugenol 乙酰异丁子香酚acetylphenylhydrazine 乙酰苯肼acetylsalicylic acid 乙酰水杨酸acetylurea 乙酰脲achirality 非手胀achroite 无色电气石achromatic lens 消色差透镜aci form 针形acicular crystal 针状结晶acid 酸acid acceptor 受酸体acid albumin 酸蛋白acid alizarine 酸性茜素acid amide 酸胺acid ammonium sulfate 硫酸氢铵acid ammonium tartrate 酒石酸氢铵acid anhydride 酸酐acid azid 酰基叠acid azo dye 酸性偶氮染料acid base catalysis 酸碱催化acid base equilibrium 酸碱平衡acid base indicator 酸碱指示剂acid base pair 酸碱对acid base titration 酸碱滴定acid bath 酸浴acid black 酸性黑acid carbonate 酸性碳酸盐l acid 醇酸alcohol dehydrogenase 醇脱氢酶alcohol fuel 酒精燃料alcohol lamp 酒精灯alcohol of crystallization 结晶醇alcohol thermometer 酒精温度计alcohol varnish 醇溶清漆alcoholase 醇酶alcoholate 烃氧基金属alcoholic compound 醇化合物alcoholic extract 酒精提出物alcoholic fermentation 酒精发酵alcoholic potash 钾碱醇液alcoholic solution 醇溶液alcoholism 酒中毒alcoholmeter 酒精比重计alcoholometry 酒精测定alcoholysis 醇解alcosol 醇溶胶alcoxyl 烷氧aldehyde 醛aldehyde acid 醛酸aldehyde alcohol 醛醇aldehyde ammonia 醛氨aldehyde dehydrogenase 醛脱氢酶aldehyde resin 聚醛尸aldimine 亚胺醛aldoheptose 庚醛糖aldohexose 乙醛糖aldoketene 醛烯酮aldol 羟醛aldol condensation 醛醇缩合aldol reaction 醇醛缩合反应aldolase 醛缩酶aldolization 缩醛反应aldonic acid 醛糖酸aldopentose 戊醛糖aldose 醛糖aldosterone 醛甾酮aldotriose 丙醛糖aldox process 羰醇法aldoxime 醛肟aldrin 艾氏剂alexandrite 翠绿宝石alfin catalyst 阿尔芬催化剂alfin polymer 阿尔芬聚合物alfin polymerization 阿尔芬聚合algae 藻类algin 藻酸alginate 藻蛋白酸盐alginate fiber 藻酸纤维alginic acid 海藻酸algol blue 阿果蓝algol color 阿果染料algorithm 算法alicyclic 脂环族的alicyclic compound 脂环化合物aliesterase 脂族酯酶aliphatic 无环的aliphatic acid 脂族酸aliphatic alcohol 脂族醇aliphatic amine 脂族胺aliphatic base 脂族碱aliphatic compound 脂族化合物aliphatic ether 脂族醚aliphatic hydrocarbon 脂族烃aliphatic series 脂族系aliphatic unsaturated carboxylic acid 脂族不饱羧酸alite 阿里特alizarin 茜素alizarin blue 茜素蓝alizarin brown 茜素棕alizarin dye 茜素染料alizarin lake 茜素色淀alizarin yellow 茜黄alizarine 茜素alkali 碱alkali blue 碱性蓝alkali cellulose 碱纤维素alkali fusion 碱熔融alkali ion diode 碱离子二极管alkali lignin 碱木素alkali liquor 碱液alkali metal 碱金属alkali resistance 耐碱性alkali rock 碱性岩alkali salt 碱金属盐alkalimeter 碱量计alkalimetry 碱量滴定法alkaline accumulator 减蓄电池alkaline bath 碱浴alkaline cell 碱性电池alkaline cleaner 碱性清洗剂alkaline earth metal 碱土金属alkaline earths 碱土族alkaline hydrolysis 加碱水解alkaline reaction 碱性反应alkaline solution 碱性溶液alkaline storage battery 减蓄电池alkalinity 碱度alkalization 碱化alkaloid 生物碱alkaloid reagent 生物碱试剂alkalosis 碱中毒alkamine 氨基醇类alkane 链烷alkannin 紫草素alkanolamine 烷烃醇胺alkansulfonic acid 链烷磺酸alkene 烯烃alkine 链炔alkyd paint 醇酸涂料alkyd resin 醇酸尸alkyd resin varnish 醇酸清漆alkyl 烷基alkyl cellulose 烷基纤维素alkyl cyanide 烷基氰alkyl group 烷基alkyl halide 烷基卤alkyl sulfate 烷基硫酸盐alkyl sulfide 烷基硫alkyl sulfonic acid 烷基磺酸alkylarsine 烷基胂alkylarsonic acid 烷基胂酸alkylate 烷基化产物alkylating agent 烷化剂alkylation 烷基化alkylbenzene 烷基苯alkylbenzene sulfonate 烷基苯磺酸盐alkylene 烷撑alkylidene 次烷基alkylmagnesium halide 烷基镁化卤alkylnaphthalene 烷基萘alkyne 炔烃alkynol 炔醇allanite 褐帘石allantoic acid 尿囊酸allantoinase 尿囊素酶allantoxanic acid 尿囊毒酸allanturic acid 尿囊脲酸allelochemical 变异化学的allelochemistry 变异化学allene 丙二烯allergy 过敏反应allethrin 丙烯拟除虫菊酯allicin 蒜辣素alligator pear oil 鳄梨油allobarbital 二烯丙巴比妥allochromatic crystal 羼质色晶体allocinnamic acid 别肉桂酸alloisomerism 立体异构现象allomerism 异质同晶allophane水铝英石allophanic acid 脲基甲酸alloprene 阿洛波林allopurinol 别嘌呤醇allose 阿洛糖allosteric effect 别构效应allosteric enzyme 变构酶allosteric transition 变构转变allostery 变构性allothreonine 别苏氨酸allotrope 同素异形体allotropism 同素异形allotropy 同素异形allowable error 容许误差allowed transition 容许跃迁alloxan 阿脲alloxanic acid 阿脲酸alloxazine 咯嗪alloy 合金alloy analysis 合金分析alloy steel 合金钢allulose 阿卢糖alluvial gold 砂金allyl acetate 醋酸丙烯酯allyl alcohol 烯丙醇allyl amine 烯丙胺allyl bromide 烯丙基溴allyl chloride 烯丙基氯allyl complex 烯丙基络合物allyl compound 烯丙基化合物allyl cyanide 烯丙基腈allyl iodide 烯丙基碘allyl isothiocyanate 异硫氰酸烯丙酯allyl mercaptan 烯丙硫醇allyl resin 烯丙尸allyl sulfide 烯丙基硫allylene 丙炔allylic rearrangement 烯丙重排allylmustard oil 烯丙基芥子油allylthiourea 烯丙基硫脲almandine 铁铝榴石almandite 铁铝榴石almond oil 扁桃仁油aloe 芦荟aloin 芦荟素alpha brass 黄铜alpha cellulose 纤维素alpha counter 粒子计数器alpha iron 铁alpha naphthol 萘酚alpha position 位alpha ray spectrometer 射线能谱仪alpha rays 射线alstonine 鸡骨常山碱alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃alternating copolymer 交替共聚物alternating current 交流alternating current polarography 交莲谱alternation 交替altimeter 测高仪altitude 高度altrose 阿卓糖alum 茂alumel 镍基锰合金alumina 氧化铝alumina brick 矾土砖alumina bubble brick 泡沫矾土砖alumina cement 矾土水泥alumina fiber 氧化铝纤维alumina gel 铝凝胶alumina silica refractory 硅酸铝耐火材料aluminate 铝酸盐aluminium 铝aluminium acetate 乙酸铝aluminium alloy 铝合金aluminium ammonium sulfate 硫酸铝铵aluminium boride 硼化铝aluminium bromide 溴化铝aluminium bronze 铝青铜合金aluminium carbide 碳化铝aluminium chlorate 氯酸铝aluminium chloride 氯化铝aluminium ethylate 乙醇铝aluminium fluoride 氟化铝aluminium foil 铝箔aluminium hydroxide 氢氧化铝aluminium nitrate 硝酸铝aluminium oleate 油酸铝aluminium oxide 氧化铝aluminium plate 铝板aluminium potassium sulfate 硫酸铝钾aluminium powder 铝粉aluminium resinate 尸酸铝aluminium silicate 硅酸铝aluminium sulfate 硫酸铝aluminon 铝试剂aluminosilicate 硅铝酸盐aluminothermit process 铝热法aluminothermy 铝热法aluminum 铝alumite 茂石alumstone 茂石alundum 刚铝石alunite 茂石amalgam 汞齐amalgam cell 汞齐电池amalgam electrode 汞齐电极amalgamation 汞齐化amalgamation process 汞齐化过程amanitin 鹅膏菌素amaranth 蓝光酸性红amatol 阿马图amber 琥珀amber glass 琥珀玻璃amberite 琥珀炸药americium 镅americyl ion 镅酰离子amethopterin 氨甲喋呤amicron 次微粒amidase 酰胺酶素amidation 酰胺化amide 酰胺amide chloride 二氯代酰胺amidine 脒amidine hydrochloride 盐酸脒amidohydrolase 氨基水解酶amidone 美沙酮amination 胺化amine 胺amine formaldehyde 胺甲醛amine oxidase 胺氧化酶amino acid 氨基酸amino acid sequence 氨基酸顺序amino compound 氨基化合物amino nitrogen 氨基氮amino plastic resin 氨基塑料尸amino resins 氨基尸amino sugar 氨基糖amino terminal 氨基末端aminoacetaldehyde 氨基乙醛aminoacetone 氨基丙酮aminoalcohol 氨基醇aminobenzoic acid 氨基苯甲酸aminobutyric acid 氨基丁酸aminocaproic acid 氨基己酸aminodiborane 氨基乙硼烷aminoglutaric acid 氨基戊二酸aminoglycoside antibiotics 氨基糖苷类抗生物素aminogram 氨基图aminoisovaleric acid 氨基异戊酸aminolysis 氨基分解aminonaphthol 氨基萘酚aminonaphthol sulfonic acid 氨基萘磺酸aminopeptidase 氨基胜胨酵素aminophenol 氨基苯酚aminophenylarsonic acid 氨基苯胂酸aminophosphorylase 淀粉磷酸化酶aminophylline 氨苯碱aminopolypeptidase 氨基多胜酵素aminoprotease 氨蛋白酶aminopterin 氨基蝶呤aminopyridine 氨基吡啶aminopyrin 氨基吡啉aminoquinoline 氨基喹啉aminosalicylic acid 氨基水杨酸aminosuccinic acid 氨基琥珀酸aminosulfonic acid 氨基磺酸aminotoluene 氨基甲苯ammeter 电另ammonia 氨ammonia compressor 氨气压缩机ammonia gas 氨气ammonia poisoning 氨中毒ammonia still 氨气塔ammonia synthesis 氨合成ammonia water 氨水ammoniacal brine 氨盐水ammoniacal fermentation 氨发酵ammoniacal latex 氨胶乳ammoniameter 氨量计ammoniasoda process 氨碱法ammoniated superphosphate 含铵过磷酸钙ammoniator 氨化器ammoniometry 氨量测定法ammonite 阿芒炸药ammonium 铵ammonium acetate 乙酸铵ammonium alum 铵茂ammonium benzoate 安息香酸铵ammonium bifluoride 氟化氢铵ammonium borate 硼酸铵ammonium carbamate 氨基甲酸铵ammonium carbonate 碳酸铵ammonium chloride 氯化铵ammonium chromate 铬酸铵ammonium cyanate 氰酸铵ammonium dichromate 重铬酸铵ammonium fluoride 氟化铵ammonium formate 甲酸铵ammonium hydrogen carbonate 碳酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵ammonium iodate 碘酸铵ammonium iron sulfate 硫酸铁铵ammonium metavanadate 偏钒酸铵ammonium molybdate 钼酸铵ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium nitrate explosive 硝铵炸药ammonium nitrate fertilizer 硝铵肥料ammonium oxalate 草酸铵ammonium perchlorate 高氯酸铵ammonium persulfate 过硫酸铵ammonium phosphate 磷酸铵ammonium phosphite 亚磷酸铵ammonium phosphomolybdate 磷钼酸铵ammonium picrate 苦味酸铵ammonium polysulfide 多硫化铵ammonium rhodanide 硫氰酸铵ammonium salt 铵盐ammonium selenate 硒酸铵ammonium stearate 硬脂酸铵ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵ammonium sulfite 亚硫酸铵ammonium thiocyanate 硫氰酸铵ammonium thiosulfate 硫代硫酸铵ammonium uranate 铀酸铵ammonium vanadate 钒酸铵ammonobase 氨基金属ammonolysis 氨解ammophos 安福粉amobarbital 戊巴比妥amodiaquine 阿莫待喹amorphism 无定形amorphous carbon 无定形碳amorphous graphite 无定型石墨amorphous material 无定形材料amorphous metal 无定形金属amorphous phosphorus 无定形磷amorphous polymer 非晶态聚合物amorphous state 无定形状态amorphous sulfur 无定形硫ampere 安amperemeter 电另amperometric titration 电廖定amperometry 电廖定amphetamine 苯异丙胺amphibole 闪石amphipathic molecule 两亲水脂分子amphiphilic molecule 两亲水脂分子ampholyte 两性电解质ampholytic active agent 两性表面活性剂ampholytic surfactant 两性表面活性剂ampholytoid 两性胶体amphoteric 两性的amphoteric character 两性特征amphoteric colloid 两性胶体amphoteric compound 两性化合物amphoteric ion 两性离子amphoteric oxide 两性氧化物amphoteric resin 两性尸amphotericeledrolyte 两性电解质amplifier 放大器ampule 安瓿amygdalin 扁桃苷amyl 戊基amyl acetate 醋酸戊酯amyl alcohol 戊醇amyl bromide 戊基溴amyl butyrate 丁酸戊酯amyl ether 戊醚amyl formate 甲酸戊酯amyl mercaptan 戊硫醇amyl nitrite 亚硝酸戊酯amyl oleate 油酸戊酯amyl propionate 丙酸戊酯amylamine 戊胺amylase 淀粉酶amylbenzene 戊基苯amylene 戊烯amylo process 淀粉发酵法amylodextrin 淀粉糊精amyloid 淀粉状朊amylolysis 淀粉分解amylopectin 支链淀粉amylopsin 胰淀粉酶amylose 直链淀粉amytal 戊巴比妥anabasine 安纳巴松anabolism 同化酌anaerobe 厌氧微生物anaerobic glycolysis 无氧糖酵解analcime 方沸石analgesic 镇痛药analog digital conversion 模拟数字转换analog signal 模拟信号analogue 类似analogue computer 模拟计算机analysis 分析analysis line 分析线analysis with ion selective electrodes 离子选择电极分析法analyte 分析物analytic function 解析函数analytical balance 分析天平analytical chemistry 分析化学analytical extraction 分析抽出analytical method 分析法analytical reaction 分析反应analytically pure 分析纯anapaite 斜磷钙铁矿anaphoresis 阴离子电泳anatase octahedrite 锐钛矿anchor agitator 锚式搅拌器anchor stirrer 锚式搅拌器andalusite 红柱石andesite 安山岩andreasen pipet 安德烈森型吸管androsin 雄素androstane 雄烷androstendione 雄烯二酮androsterone 雄酮andrussow process 安德卢梭法anelasticity 滞弹性anemometer 风速计anemonin 白头翁脑aneroid barometer 空盒气压计anesthesin 氨基苯甲酸乙酯anesthetic 麻醉剂anethole 茴香脑aneurin 硫胺素angelica lactone 当归内酯angelica oil 当归油angiotensin 血管紧张肽angle of polarization 偏振光角angle of refraction 折射角angle of repose 休止角anglesite 硫酸铅矿angstrom 埃angular momentum 角动量anhalonine 老头掌碱anhydride 酐anhydrite 硬石膏anhydrone 无水高氯酸镁anhydrous 无水的anhydrous acid 无水酸anhydrous alcohol 无水酒精anhydrous ammonia 无水氨anhydrous salt 无水盐anileridine 氨苄哌替啶anilide 酰替苯胺aniline 苯胺aniline black 苯胺黑aniline blue 苯胺蓝aniline dye 苯胺染料aniline formaldehyde resin 苯胺甲醛尸aniline hydrochloride 盐酸苯胺aniline point 苯胺点aniline red 苯胺红aniline resin 苯胺尸aniline yellow 苯胺黄anilol 酒精苯胺混合液animal biochemistry 动物生化学animal charcoal 骨炭animal chemistry 动物化学animal dye 动物染料animal fat 动物脂animal fiber 动物纤维animal glue 动物胶animal oil 动物油anime 硬尸anion 阴离子anion active agent 阴离子表面活性剂anion exchange 阴离子交换anion exchange resin 阴离子交换尸anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anionic polymerization 阴离子聚合anionic surfactant 阴离子表面活性剂anionoid reagent 类阴离子试剂anionotropy 阴离子移变现象anisaldehyde 茴香醛anise oil 茴香油anisic acid 茴香酸anisic alcohol 茴香醇anisidine 茴香胺anisole 茴香醚anisometric crystal 不等轴晶体anisotropic body 蛤异性体anisotropic liquid 蛤异性液体anisotropic membrane 蛤异性膜anisotropy 蛤异性anisoyl chloride 茴香酰氯anisyl acetate 醋酸茴香酯anisyl alcohol 茴香醇ankerite 铁白云石annabergite 镍华annealing 退火annealing furnace 退火窑annealing temperature 退火温度annulene 环轮烯anode 阳极anode effect 阳极效应anode process 阳极过程anode slime 阳极淀渣anodic oxidation 阳极氧化anodic polarization 阳极极化anodic reaction 阳极反应anodization 阳极化anodizing 阳极化anolyte 阳极电解液anomalous dispersion 异常弥散anomalous magnetic moment 异常磁矩anomalous skin effect 反常囚效应anomer 异头物anone 环己酮anorthoclase 钠斜微长石antagonism 拮抗酌antazoline 安他唑啉anthelmintics 驱肠虫剂anthocyan 花青素anthocyanidin 花色素anthocyanin 花色素苷anthophyllite 直闪石anthracene 蒽anthracene oil 蒽油anthracite 无烟煤anthracite duff 无烟煤粉anthralin 蒽啉anthranil 氨茴内酐anthranilate 邻氨基苯甲酸盐anthranilic acid 邻氨基苯酸anthranol 蒽酚anthranone 蒽酮anthrapurpurin 蒽红紫anthraquinone 蒽醌anthraquinone dye 蒽醌染料anthrarufin 蒽绛酚anthraxylon 结焦素anthrone 蒽酮anti allergic drug 抗过敏性药anti fouling paint 防污涂料anti tack agent 防粘剂antiacid 解酸药antiacid additive 抗酸添加剂antiager 抗老剂antiaromaticity 反芳香性antibiosis 抗生antibiotics 抗生物质antibody 抗体antibonding orbital 反键轨道anticarcinogen 抗癌物anticatalyst 抗催化剂anticathode 对阴极antichlor 脱氯剂anticholinesterase 抗胆碱酯酶剂anticoagulant 抗凝剂anticoagulating action 阻凝酌anticonvulsant 镇痉剂anticorrosion 抗腐蚀anticorrosive agent 防腐蚀剂anticorrosive paint 防腐涂料antidetonant 抗爆剂antidote 解毒剂antienzyme 抗酶antifertilizin 抗受精介体antifibrinolysin 抗纤维蛋白酶antifoamer 抗泡剂antifoaming agent 抗泡剂antifouling paint 防污漆antifreezing agent 阻冻剂antigen 抗原antihistamine 抗组胺剂antihistaminic agent 抗组胺剂antiknock agent 抗爆剂antiknock gasoline 抗爆汽油antiknocking fuel 抗爆燃料antimetabolite 抗代谢物antimonate 锑酸盐antimonial lead 锑铅antimonic acid anhydride 锑酸酐antimonide 锑化物antimonite 亚锑酸盐antimony 锑antimony chloride 氯化锑antimony electrode 锑电极antimony hydride 氢化锑antimony oxide 氧化锑antimony pentachloride 五氯化锑antimony potassium tartrate 酒石酸锑钾antimony red 锑红antimony sulfate 硫酸锑antimony sulfide 硫化锑antimony trisulfide 三硫化二锑antimony vermillon 锑朱antimony white 锑白antineuralgic 治神经痛药antinucleon 反核子antioxidant 抗氧化剂antiozonant 抗臭氧剂antiparticle 反粒子antipode 对映体antiproton 反质子antipyretic and analgesic 解热镇痛药antipyrine 安替吡啉antiscorbutic vitamin 抗坏血病维生素antiscorcher 防焦剂antiscorching agent 防焦剂antisepsis 防腐antiseptics 防腐剂antispasmodic 镇痉剂antistat 抗静电剂antistatic agent 抗静电剂antitermination factor 抗终止因素antithrombin 抗凝血酶antitoxin 抗毒素antivitamin 抗维生素apatite 磷灰石aphthitalite 硫酸钾石apiin 芹实苷apiose 洋芹糖aplysiopurpurin 海螺紫apocodeine 阿朴可特因apoenzyme 酶朊apoferritin 脱铁铁蛋白apomorphine 阿朴吗啡apoprotein 脱辅基蛋白apozymase 酒化酶原apparatus 装置apparent activation energy 表观活化能apparent density 表观密度apparent equilibrium 表观平衡apparent specific gravity 表观比重apparent viscosity 表观粘度applied chemistry 应用化学applied thermodynamics 应用热力学approximate calculation 近似计算approximate value 近似值aprotic solvent 非质子溶剂aqua ion 水合离子aqua regia 王水aquagel 水凝胶aquametry 测水法aqueous emulsion 水乳状液aqueous medium 水介质aqueous phase 水相aqueous solution 水溶液aqueous vapor 水蒸汽arabic acid 阿糖酸arabic gum 阿拉伯胶arabinose 阿拉伯糖arabitol 阿糖醇arabonic acid 阿糖酸arachic acid 花生酸arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸arachis oil 花生油aragonite 霰石aralkyl 芳烷arbutin 熊果苷arc furnace 电弧炉arc process 电弧法arc spectrum 弧光谱arch brick 拱砖archeochemistry 考古化学arecoline 槟榔素areometer 比重计areometry 比重测定法argentite 辉银矿argentometry 银量滴定argillaceous sand 粘质砂土argillite 泥质板岩arginase 精氨酸酶arginine 精氨酸argol 粗酒石argon 氩aristolochic acid 马兜铃酸arnicin 由金车苦素aroma 香味aromatic acid 芳族酸aromatic aldehyde 芳族醛aromatic amine 芳香胺aromatic compound 芳族化合物aromatic hydrocarbon 芳香烃aromatic nucleus 芳香环aromatic series 芳香系aromaticity 芳香度aromatization 芳香化aromatization reaction 芳香化反应aroylation 芳酰基化arrhenius equation 阿雷尼厄斯方程arsanilic acid 阿散酸arsenate 砷酸盐arsenazo i 偶氮胂arsenblende 雄黄arsenic 砷arsenic acid 砷酸arsenic butter 三氯化砷arsenic glass 砷玻璃arsenic hydride 砷化三氢arsenic mirror 砷镜arsenic sulfide 硫化砷arsenic trichloride 三氯化砷arsenic trioxide 三氧化二砷arsenic trisulfide 三硫化二砷arsenide 砷化物arsenite 亚砷酸盐arseno compound 偶砷化合物arsenobenzene 偶砷苯arsenometry 亚砷酸滴定法arsenopyrite 砷黄铁矿arsenous anhydride 亚砷酸酐arsine 胂arsonic acid 胂酸arsonium 氢化砷arsonium compound 胂化合物arsphenamine 胂凡纳明art glass 艺术玻璃art paper 加工印刷纸artemisin 蒿属素arthropodin 节肢蛋白artiad 偶价元素artificial abrasive 人造磨料artificial aging 人工老化artificial almond oil 人造扁桃油artificial asphalt 人造地沥青artificial atmospher 人工气氛artificial butter 人造奶油artificial camphor 人造樟脑artificial corundum 人造金刚砂artificial diamond 人造金刚石artificial dye 人造染料artificial fertilizer 人造肥料artificial fiber 人造纤维artificial intelligence 人工智能artificial lattice 人工晶格artificial leather 人造革artificial musk 人造香artificial perfume 人造香料artificial radioactivity 人工放射性artificial resin 人造尸artificial rubber 人造橡胶artificial silk 人造丝artificial stone 人造石aryl compound 芳基化合物aryl halide 芳基卤arylamine 芳基胺arylation 芳基化arylide 芳基化物aryloxy compound 芳氧基化合物arylsulphonate 芳基磺酸盐asarin 细辛脑asarone 细辛脑asbestine 滑石棉asbestos 石棉asbestos board 石棉纸板asbestos cement 石棉水泥asbestos cloth 石棉布asbestos felt 石棉毛毯asbestos fiber 石棉纤维asbestos filter 石棉滤器asbestos insulation 石棉绝热体asbestos paper 石棉纸asbestos powder 石棉粉asbestos slate 石棉板asbestos wire gauze 石棉衬网asbestos yarn 石棉丝asbolane 钴土矿asbolite 钴土矿ascaridol 驱蛔脑ascending method 上行法ascorbic acid 抗坏血酸asepsis 防腐ash 灰ash bath 灰浴ash collector 除尘器ash content 灰分含量ash ejector 灰喷射器ash pit door 灰坑门ash softening point 灰熔温度ashing 灰化ashless filter paper 无灰滤纸asparaginase 天门冬酰胺酶asparagine 天门冬酰胺aspartase 天门冬氨酸酶aspartate 天冬氨酸盐aspartic acid 天冬氨酸aspartokinase 天冬氨酸激酶aspartyl phosphate 天冬氨酰磷酸aspergillic acid 曲霉酸asphalt 沥青asphalt cement 沥青膏asphalt emulsion 地沥青乳液asphalt mastic 地沥青砂胶asphalt varnish 沥青油漆asphaltene 沥青烯asphaltic road oil 沥青质铺路油asphaltogenic acid 沥青酸asphaltous acid 沥青酸asphyxia 窒息asphyxiant 窒息剂asphyxy 窒息aspirator 吸气器aspirin 阿司匹林assay 试金assay balance 试金天平assay flask 试验瓶assayer's tongs 试金钳assili cotton 阿嘻棉assimilation 同化assimilation starch 同化淀粉assistant 助剂associated liquid 缔合液体association 缔合assortment 分类astacin 虾红素astatine 砹astaxanthin 虾青素astringency 收敛性astringent 收敛剂astrochemical 天体化学的astrochemist 天体化学家astrochemistry 天体化学astrogeochemical 天体地球化学的astrogeochemistry 天体地球化学asymmetric atom 不对称原子asymmetric carbon atom 不对称碳原子asymmetric oxidation 不对称氧化asymmetric structure 不对称结构asymmetric synthesis 不对称合成asymmetric system 不对称系asymmetry 不对称asymptotic freedom 渐近自由性atactic 无规立构的atactic polymer 无规聚合物atebrine 疟涤平atmolysis 微孔分气法atmosphere 大气atmospheric air 大气空气atmospheric corrosion 大气腐蚀atmospheric nitrogen 大气氮atmospheric pressure 大气压atom 原子atomic absorption spectrometry原子吸收分光光度法atomic arrangement 原子排列atomic battery 原子电池atomic beam 原子束atomic bomb 原子弹atomic bond 原子键atomic charge 原子电荷atomic clock 原子钟atomic core 原子核atomic dispersion 原子分散atomic energy 原子能atomic fluorescence spectrometry 原子荧光光谱法atomic form factor 原子散射因子atomic group 原子团atomic heat 原子热atomic hydrogen 原子氢atomic hydrogen welding 原子氢焊接atomic hypothesis 原子假说atomic lattice 原子晶格atomic magnetism 原子磁性atomic mass 原子质量atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic model 原子模型atomic molecular theory 原子分子论atomic nucleus 原子核atomic number 原子序atomic orbital 原子轨道atomic polarization 原子极化atomic properties 原子特性atomic radius 原子半径atomic refraction 原子折射atomic scattering factor 原子散射因子atomic spectrum 原子光谱atomic structure 原子结构atomic susceptibility 原子磁化率atomic symbol 原子符号atomic theory 原子论atomic unit 原子单位atomic volume 原子体积atomic weight 原子量atomicity 原子数atomism 原子论atomistics 原子论atomization 喷雾atomizer 喷雾器atophan 阿托方atrazine 阿特拉津atropic acid 阿托酸atropine 阿托品atropine sulfate 硫酸阿托品atropisomer 阿托异构体attachment 附件attrition 磨损aufbau principle 构造原理augmentation distance 扩增距离auramine 金胺aurantia 金橙黄aurantin 橙色菌素aurate 金酸盐aureomycin 金霉素aureusidin 金色草素auric acid 金酸auric compound 正金化合物auric oxide 氧化金auric salt 正金盐aurin 金精aurin tricarboxylic acid 铝试剂auripigment 雄黄aurothioglucose 金硫葡萄糖aurous chloride 氯化亚金aurous compound 亚金化合物aurous oxide 氧化亚金aurous salt 亚金盐austenite 奥氏体auto condensation 自动缩合autocatalysis 自动催化autocatalyst 自动催化剂autocatalytic reaction 自动催化反应autoclave 压热器autocomplex 自动合成物autocorrelation function 自相关函数autofermentation 自动发酵autogenous ignition 自动着火autoionization 自电离autolysis 自溶酌autolytic enzyme 自溶酶automatic analyser 自动分析计automatic balance 自动天平automatic buret 自动滴定管automatic control自动控制automatic regulation 自动控制automatic temperature controller 自动温度控制器automatic thermoregulator 自动温度控制器automatic titration 自动滴定automatic weighing machine 自动秤automation 自动化autometer 汽车速度表autopolymerization 自动聚合autoprotolysis 自质子解autoracemization 自动外消旋autotetraploid 同源四倍体autotransformer 单卷变压器autovulcanization 自动硫化autoxidation 自氧化autunite 钙铀云母auxiliary air 辅助空气auxiliary electrode 辅助电极auxiliary unit 辅助单位auxiliary valency 副价auximone 茁长激素auxin 茁长素auxochrome 助色团availability 有效性available chlorine 有效氯available energy 有效能available phosphoric acid 有效磷酸avenin 燕麦蛋白average boiling point 平均沸点average degree of polymerization 平均聚合度average error 平均误差average life 平均寿命average mean molecular weight 平均分子量average molecular weight 平均分子量average particle diameter 平均粒子直径average sample 平均试样average speed 平均速度average value 平均值aviation gasoline 航空汽油aviation mix 航空汽油抗爆液avidin 抗生物素蛋白avocado oil 鳄梨油avogadro number 阿伏伽德罗数avogadro's hypothesis 阿伏伽德罗假说avogadro's law 阿伏伽德罗定律axial bond 贮axial flow pump 轴撩axiomatic quantum field theory 公理的量子场理论axis 轴axis of rotation 旋转轴azaserine 重氮丝氨酸azelaic acid 杜鹃花酸azeotrope 共沸混合物azeotropic copolymer 共沸共聚物azeotropic distillation 共沸蒸馏azeotropic mixture 共沸混合物azeotropic point 共沸点azeotropy 共沸性azide 叠氮化物azimuthal 方位的azimuthal quantum number 角量子数azine 吖嗪azine dye 吖嗪染料aziridine 氮杂环丙烷azlactone 吖内酯azlon 人造蛋白质纤维azo compound 偶氮化合物azo coupling 偶氮耦合azo dye 偶氮染料azo group 偶氮基azobenzene 偶氮苯azodicarbonamide 偶氮甲酰胺azoimide 叠氮化氢azole 唑azolitmin 石蕊精azotometer 氮素计azoxy compound 氧化偶氮化合物azoxybenzene 氧化偶氮苯azulene 甘菊环烃azurite 蓝铜矿b stage resin b 阶尸baby dryer 小烧缸bacillus 杆菌bacitracin 杆菌肽back bond 反向键back flow condenser 回龄凝器back mixing 逆向混合back pressure 反压back reaction 逆反应back sweetening 返回脱硫法back titration 回滴定backfire 回火backflash 反闪backscattering 后方散射backward motion 反向运动backwash 回洗bacteria 细菌bacterial fertilizer 细菌肥料bacterial incubator 细菌培育箱bactericide 杀细菌剂bacteriochlorophyll 菌叶绿素bacteriolysis 溶菌酌bacteriostasis 抑菌酌baddeleyite 斜锆石baeyer reaction 拜尔反应baeyer reagent 拜尔试药baeyer villiger rearrangement 拜尔维利格重排baffle 挡板bag filter 袋滤器bagasse 甘蔗渣bakelite 酚醛塑料baking 烧制baking enamel 烘烤搪瓷baking powder 发粉baking varnish 烤漆balance 平衡balance bar 平衡杆balance beam 平衡杆balance pan 天平盘balance rider 游码balata 巴拉塔矢ball clay 块状粘土ball hardness 钢球硬度。

小学上册英语第5单元综合卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.The chemical symbol for uranium is ______.2.The chemical symbol for barium is ______.3.My ________ (玩具名称) makes me feel special.4.The __________ (拿破仑战争) changed Europe significantly.5.What do you call the sound a dog makes?A. MeowB. BarkC. MooD. QuackB6.What is the name of the first successful Mars rover?A. SpiritB. CuriosityC. PerseveranceD. Opportunity7.What is the name of the fairy tale character who left a glass slipper?A. Snow WhiteB. CinderellaC. Sleeping BeautyD. Little Red Riding HoodB8.Which fruit is yellow and curved?A. AppleB. BananaC. GrapeD. Orange9.The stars are ________ in the sky.10.The plant needs water and _______ (植物需要水和_______).11.I write a card to my __________. (朋友)12.I can jump ___. (high)13.What do you call the main character in a story?A. ProtagonistB. AntagonistC. SidekickD. NarratorA14.The _______ (The Great Depression) brought economic hardship to millions.15.Which instrument is used to measure time?A. ThermometerB. ClockC. BarometerD. SpeedometerB16.What do you call a young antelope?A. CalfB. FawnC. KidD. LambA17.They are playing ______ (hide-and-seek) outside.18.The _______ of a wave can be described by its speed and frequency.19.The __________ is where most biological activity occurs.20.We have ______ (课外活动) after school.21.The _______ provides shade on hot days.22.Which planet is known as the "Red Planet"?A. EarthB. MarsC. JupiterD. Saturn23.Which instrument has keys and is played with fingers?A. GuitarB. DrumsC. PianoD. ViolinC24.What is the opposite of "fast"?A. SlowB. QuickC. SpeedyD. Rapid25.What type of animal is a frog?A. ReptileB. MammalC. AmphibianD. BirdC26.I need a new ___. (pencil)27.The duck waddles to the ______.28.The chemical symbol for aluminum is _____ (Al).29.What do we call the time it takes for the Earth to spin around its axis?A. DayB. MonthC. YearD. CenturyA30.The ________ (果实) is sweet and juicy.31.My __________ (玩具名) is a great __________ (名词) for learning.32.I enjoy making ______ with friends.33. A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of ______.34.The __________ (历史资料) are essential for research.35.Orion is a well-known ______ in the night sky.36.I love ________ (春天) because of the flowers.37.Which animal is known for its ability to change colors?A. ChameleonB. FrogC. RabbitD. DogA38.Which season is known for falling leaves?A. SummerB. WinterC. FallD. SpringC39.The wind is _____ (strong/weak).40.The chemical formula for sodium phosphate is ______.41.He is very _____ (机智) in conversations.42.I like to bake ______ during the holidays.43.What is the capital of the USA?A. New YorkB. Los AngelesC. Washington,D.C. D. ChicagoC44.The ______ (植物研究) helps us understand ecosystems.45.Which of these animals can fly?A. FishB. EagleC. SnakeD. FrogB46.Some frogs can change ______.47.The teacher _____ us to be quiet. (tells)48.What do you call a collection of stories in one book?A. AnthologyB. NovelC. MagazineD. JournalA49.The Mediterranean Sea is between Europe and _______.50.The _____ (生物多样性) of plants is vital for ecosystems.51.I enjoy visiting the ________ (自然历史博物馆).52.Dolphins are very _______ animals.53. A ferret is often kept as a _______ (宠物).54.What is the largest continent on Earth?A. AfricaB. AsiaC. EuropeD. North AmericaB55.I like to play with _____ (积木) in the afternoon.56. Wall was built over many ________ (长城是经过许多________建成的). The Grea57.We can _____ (share) plants with friends.58.The dog is ___ the ball. (chasing)59.My sister has a pet _________ (仓鼠).60.My favorite animal is a _______ (小猫) because it is so cute.61.My favorite place to study is _______ (咖啡馆).62.The __________ (科技应用) enhance everyday life.63.Which fruit is red and often used in pies?A. BlueberryB. CherryC. BananaD. GrapefruitB64.What do we call the study of weather?A. AstronomyB. GeographyC. MeteorologyD. BiologyC65.Which of these is a fruit?A. LettuceB. CarrotC. PeachD. OnionC66.The chemical symbol for californium is _____.67.Which insect can produce honey?A. AntB. FlyC. BeeD. MosquitoC68. A ______ is a natural feature that influences local ecosystems.69.What do you call a collection of stories or poems?A. AnthologyB. NovelC. TextbookD. MagazineA70.Which continent is known for its deserts?A. AsiaB. AfricaC. EuropeD. AntarcticaB71.She is an _____ (作家) and writes amazing stories.72.ta Stone unlocked the mysteries of ________ (古埃及文字). The Russ73. A ______ (自然保护区) protects plant species.74.The _____ (nectarines) are juicy peaches.75.The ____ can often be heard making a loud noise at night.76.The sea turtle returns to _________ (沙滩) to lay eggs.77.What do we call the science of living organisms?A. ChemistryB. BiologyC. PhysicsD. GeologyB Biology78.My favorite song to sing is ______.79.What do we call a large body of water?A. RiverB. LakeC. OceanD. Pond80.What is the capital of Portugal?A. LisbonB. MadridC. RomeD. ParisA81.The otter uses tools to crack open _______ (贝壳).82.Which season comes after summer?A. SpringB. WinterC. FallD. Summer83.What is the main ingredient in a cake?A. FlourB. SugarC. EggD. All of the above84.How many hours are there in a day?A. 12B. 24C. 36D. 48B85.The car is parked _____ (in front/behind) the house.86.The soup is ___ (hot/cold) today.87.The _____ (fireflies) light up the night.88.What do we call the process of using sunlight to generate electricity?A. Solar energyB. HydroelectricityC. Wind energyD. Geothermal energyA89.What do you call a collection of songs performed by a musician?A. AlbumB. PlaylistC. MixtapeD. CompilationA90. A _______ can provide a lovely fragrance to your home.91.What do you call a baby crocodile?A. HatchlingB. PupC. CalfD. Kid92.ocean) is home to many fish and other marine life. The ____93.My friend, ______ (我的朋友), has a great sense of humor.94.What is 20 7?A. 12B. 13C. 14D. 1595.The ________ was a famous philosopher who influenced Western thought.96.What is the name of the natural satellite that orbits the Earth?A. MarsB. VenusC. MoonD. Sun97.My friend is ______ (很有创造力).98.What is the capital of Croatia?A. ZagrebB. BelgradeC. LjubljanaD. SarajevoA Zagreb99.What is the capital of the United Arab Emirates?A. Abu DhabiB. DubaiC. SharjahD. AjmanA100.What is the name of the action of treating someone with kindness?A. CaringB. HelpingC. SupportingD. LovingA。

小学下册英语第3单元真题(有答案)英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.The chemical formula for glucose is _______.2. A _______ is a type of reaction that breaks down compounds into simpler substances.3.What is the value of 10 5 + 3?A. 5B. 6C. 7D. 8答案:B4.We will _______ (make) cookies this afternoon.5.The __________ (植物的生命周期) is fascinating to observe.6. A ________ (热带雨林) is rich in biodiversity.7.We are going to the ___. (planetarium)8.The ____ is a tiny animal that loves to hop around in gardens.9.My cousin has a __________ cat. (可爱的)10. A __________ is a geological feature that provides habitats for wildlife.11. A pulley can help lift heavy ______.12.The _______ of light can be affected by the angle of incidence.13.Which insect can make honey?A. AntB. ButterflyC. BeeD. Fly答案:C14.What kind of animal is an octopus?A. MammalB. FishC. ReptileD. Mollusk答案: D15. A polymer is a large molecule made of many ______.16.What is the name of the river that flows through Egypt?A. AmazonB. NileC. YangtzeD. Mississippi答案:B.Nile17.My dad, ______ (我爸爸), loves to tell jokes.18.The __________ is the area where fresh water meets salt water.19.Plants need ______ (水) to survive and grow.20.In _____ (美国), the Grand Canyon is a popular destination.21.I enjoy drawing ______ in my spare time.22.The ______ is a common pet that barks.23.The __________ (植物的生理) is fascinating to study.24.The antelope runs swiftly from danger in the ____.25.Listen and tick.听录音，在正确图片下的字母上打“√”。

* Corresponding
author. 4: 1995 ~ Elsevier 94)00847-7 Science B.V. All rights reserved
0165-2370/95/$09.50 SSDI 0165-2370(Hww
/ J. And.
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 31 (1995) 39 61
JOURNALOI ANALYTICALand APPLIED PYROLYSIS
The influence of catalyst type on the composition upgraded biomass pyrolysis oils
Appl.
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31 (lYY5)
39
61
1. Introduction The pyrolysis of biomass produces an oil product which may be used as a fuel or a chemical feed stock. However, the oils may be highly oxygenated, viscous, corrosive, relatively unstable and chemically very complex [ 1,2]. Consequently, catalytic upgrading of the oils to produce a premium quality fuel or high value chemical feed stock has received increasing attention. Two main routes to catalytic upgrading have been investigated: high pressure catalytic hydrotreatment [3] and low pressure catalysis using shape selective catalysts of the zeolite type [2]. As a result of the large volume of work that has been carried out on the use of zeolite catalysts in relation to the petroleum oil industry. there is increasing interest in their potential in the low pressure upgrading of biomass pyrolysis oils. In addition, the high oxygen content and chemical complexity of these oils has led to research into alternative catalyst types which might improve the product slate of upgraded biomass pyrolysis oils. The zeolite ZSM-5 catalysts have a strong acidity, high activities and shape selectivities which convert the oxygenated oil to a light hydrocarbon mixture in the C,-C,,, range by dehydration and deoxygenation reactions [2,4]. The oxygen in oxygenated compounds of biomass pyrolysis oils is mainly converted to CO, CO2 and H,O, and the resultant oil is highly aromatic with a dominance of single ring aromatic compounds [5]. It is preferable for the oxygen to be eliminated as CO or CO, rather than H,O, so that the hydrogen may participate in hydrocarbon forming reactions. The majority of the work undertaken on the low pressure catalysis of biomass oils has involved the ZSM-5 type of zeolite catalyst, mostly in its hydrogen form, H-ZSM-5. For example, Evans and Milne [6] used zeolite H-ZSM-5 in a fast pyrolysis batch reactor system coupled to a molecular beam mass spectrometer to investigate the influence of catalyst upgrading on the composition of biomass pyrolysis oils. Scahill et al. [7] used zeolite H-ZSM-5 in a fixed bed catalytic reactor to study the upgrading of biomass oil produced in a vortex reactor, and Chantal et al. [S] used a H-ZSM-5 catalyst for upgrading pyrolytic oil fed in a flow of helium over a fixed bed microreactor containing the catalyst. Zeolite H-ZSM-5 catalysts have also been used to upgrade oxygenated oils derived from biomass by liquefaction rather than pyrolysis. For example, Sharma and Bakhshi [9] upgraded oil, obtained from the liquefaction of Aspen wood, using H-ZSM-5 in a fixed bed microreactor, and Mathews et al. [lo] upgraded the thermally fractionated components of an oil prepared by the liquefaction of Aspen poplar wood using H-ZSM-5. Other catalysts have been used to investigate the low pressure catalytic upgrading of biomass pyrolysis oils. The replacement of the hydrogen cation in zeolite ZSM-5 catlysts by a metal has been shown to considerably improve the selectivity of the catalyst, leading to production of a more aromatic product for the catalytic conversion of lower alkanes [ 111. In addition, Dao et al. [ 121 investigated the catalysis of a range of model compounds typical of those found in biomass pyrolysis oils over H-ZSM-5, Zn-ZSM-5 and Mn-ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts. Catalysts have also been used to reduce the tar content of biomass pyrolysis gases used for

小学上册英语第三单元期末试卷(有答案)英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.The __________ (历史的群体记忆) fosters social cohesion.2.The _______ (鸡) lays eggs.3.My mom helps me with my ____.4.Fungi, like mushrooms, absorb nutrients from ______ matter.5.My friend is a ______. He enjoys collecting stamps.6.The first successful blood transfusion was performed in _______.7.We had ________ (午餐) at noon.8.Light travels faster than ______ (sound).9.The gardener grows beautiful _____ (花).10.Heat can speed up ________ reactions.11.My grandma has a beautiful ______ (花园). It has many ______ (植物).12.I like to ______ (参与) in student councils.13.My ________ (玩具名称) comes with a set of stickers.14.My grandma likes to tell ____.15.My uncle is always __________ (乐于助人).16.The ancient Aztecs built ________ in Mexico.17.The ________ is a delightful friend to have.18.The ________ (forum) encourages dialogue.19.The ________ was a major event in the history of the Americas.20.What do we call the movement of people from one place to another?A. MigrationB. TravelC. CommuteD. Journey答案:A21.The __________ (历史的回音) lingers in our minds.22.The capital of Trinidad is __________.23.My ___ (小仓鼠) runs in circles all night.24.Nebulas are often the birthplace of ______.25.I enjoy ______ (参加) sports tournaments.26.What is the name of the river that flows through Egypt?A. AmazonB. NileC. YangtzeD. Mississippi答案:B.Nile27.What do we call the act of telling a story?A. NarrationB. DescriptionC. ExplanationD. Illustration答案:A. Narration28.The penguin waddles _______ (走路) on ice.29.The __________ (玛雅文明) was known for its advanced mathematics.30.We go to school by ______ (bike).31.We learned about ________ (历史) in class.32.The ______ (海洋植物) contribute to ocean health.33.The main component of proteins is ______.34.The process of fermentation produces __________ as a byproduct.35.I enjoy _______ (hiking) in the woods.36. A ______ (城市绿地) enhances urban environments.37.My _____ (侄女) is learning to walk.38.I need to ______ my shoes before leaving. (tie)39.The stars are ______ (not) visible during the day.40.What is the capital of Latvia?A. VilniusB. RigaC. TallinnD. Minsk答案:B.Riga41. A _______ can help to understand the behavior of fluids in motion.42.I enjoy creating art with my _________ (玩具颜料).43. A chemical that donates electrons is called a ______.44.The animal that is known for its shell is a ______.45.I can ______ (write) stories.46. A ______ is a type of rodent that loves to run.47.He is playing a ___. (musical instrument)48.I enjoy playing with my ________ at home.49.The engineer, ______ (工程师), designs buildings and bridges.50.My friend is __________ (好心).51.I want to _______ (了解) different animals.52.In the evenings, I would like to walk along the ______ and watch the sun ______ over the horizon. It must be a breathtaking sight! I also want to meet new ______ and learn about their culture. I believe it would be fun to make new friends from dif53.forest) is home to many trees and animals. The ____54.I want to _____ (know) about dinosaurs.55. A crow is known for its ______ intelligence.56.Many plants have medicinal ______ (特性).57.What is the capital of the British Virgin Islands?A. Road TownB. Virgin GordaC. AnegadaD. Jost Van Dyke答案:a58.My _____ (花园) is full of flowers.59.Metals are usually _______ conductors of electricity.60.The beetle has a tough ______.61. A manatee is gentle and loves ______ (水).62.Many plants have a specific ______ period for blooming. (许多植物有特定的开花期。

小学上册英语第2单元真题英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.I have a ______ of crayons in different colors. (box)2.My cousin, ______ (我的表妹), loves to act in school plays.3.The girl is very ________.4.My ________ (玩具名称) is a dinosaur that dances.5. ________ (画画) after school. She love6.My sister enjoys making ____ (gifts) for friends.7. A flamingo gets its color from the food it ________________ (吃).8. A ____ is often seen resting on leaves during the day.9.The __________ (历史的影响力) can be profound.10.What is the value of 3 + 2 + 1?A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 7B11.What is the main ingredient in soap?A. WaterB. OilC. FatD. LyeD12.The _____ (海豚) loves to surf the waves.13. A __________ can be used to predict weather patterns.14.What is the tallest mountain in the world?A. K2B. EverestC. KilimanjaroD. DenaliB15.Sedimentary rocks are formed from __________ materials.16.My mom is great at ____ (cooking) different dishes.17.What is 12 x 3?A. 36B. 24C. 30D. 18A18.What is the color of grass?A. RedB. BlueC. GreenD. Yellow19.What do we call the period before a baby is born?A. PregnancyB. ChildhoodC. AdolescenceD. Adulthood20.What do we call the art of making sculptures and statues?A. PaintingB. SculptureC. DrawingD. PhotographyB21. A chemical that can act as both an acid and a base is called ______.22.What is the capital of Costa Rica?A. San JoséB. AlajuelaC. CartagoD. LiberiaA23.ta Stone unlocked the mysteries of ________ (古埃及文字). The Russ24.Chemical bonds hold _______ together in a molecule.25.Which fruit is red and often mistaken for a vegetable?A. BananaB. TomatoC. GrapesD. OrangeB26.What is 20 ÷ 4?A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 7B27.What do we call the act of providing assistance to someone in need?A. HelpingB. AssistingC. AidingD. SupportingA28.My teacher has a ______ (鹈鹕) that catches fish.29.The ______ (小鸟) builds its nest high up in the tree branches.30.What do we call the process of a seed developing into a plant?A. GerminationB. PhotosynthesisC. PollinationD. FertilizationA31.Which animal is known as the king of the jungle?A. LionB. TigerC. BearD. ElephantA32. A ______ (生态旅游) can educate visitors about plants.33.The country known for its bamboo is ________ (中国).34.________ (植物适应) to their environment.35.Dolphins are very _________. (聪明)36.Herbs can enhance the flavor of ______ (食物).37.I like to ________ cartoons.38.What do you call the process of making cheese?A. FermentationB. PasteurizationC. CurdlingD. CreamingC39.ts can regenerate from small ______ of their stems. (某些植物可以从小块茎部再生。

小学下册英语第四单元暑期作业(含答案)英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.I love to smell the _____ (花).2.The country known for its natural beauty is ________ (以自然美景闻名的国家是________).3.ts are used in ______ for their medicinal properties. (某些植物因其药用特性而用于传统医学。

) Some pla4.I see _____ birds flying. (many)5.My ________ (家人) likes to go on picnics during the summer.6.What do frogs eat?A. MeatB. PlantsC. InsectsD. Fruits答案:C.Insects7.I believe in setting goals. My short-term goal is to __________. My long-term goal is to __________. Working towards these goals motivates me every day.8.The chemical symbol for gallium is ______.9.Many plants can thrive in ______ (多样的) environments.10.Which of these animals is a mammal?A. SharkB. DolphinC. PenguinD. Crocodile答案:B Dolphin11.The chemical symbol for argon is ______.12.We are having ______ for dessert after dinner. (cake)13.The _____ (相框) holds a picture.14.The chemical symbol for cobalt is _______.15.I enjoy making up stories about my _________ (玩具).16.My dog enjoys a _______ (好玩的) game of fetch.17.Many _______ require specific care.18.I like to play ______ (棋类游戏) with my friends after school.19.I often write emails to my ____.20.I have a _____ (毛绒玩具) that is soft.21.The iguana is a popular ________________ (宠物).22.What do you call a baby cat?A. PuppyB. KittenC. CubD. Foal答案: B23.I enjoy making crafts. One of my favorite projects was __________.24.The hamster spins in its ______ (轮子).25.If it rains, we will play __________ games inside. (室内的)26.The __________ is a theoretical model of earth's geological activity.27.I saw a _______ (彩虹) after the rain.28.The Boston Tea Party protested against ________ taxes.29.The ____ is known for its beauty and grace.30.The country known for pyramids and pharaohs is ________ (埃及).31.The chemical symbol for mercury is _______.32. A chemical change alters the identities of the ______.33.The _______ (鹦鹉) is smart and chatty.34.I need to ______ my shoes before leaving. (tie)35.We had a picnic by the ______ (river).36.I want to _______ (参加) a cooking class.37.The _____ (door) is open.38. A _____ (小猫) is very playful.39.In a chemical reaction, reactants are transformed into _______.40.The stars are ___ (twinkling/shining) in the night.41.The bird is singing in the __________.42.Which of these is a fruit?A. CarrotB. BroccoliC. TomatoD. Cucumber答案:C Tomato43. A ________ can sometimes be very noisy.44.They are eating ice ___. (cream)45.Which of these animals can fly?A. DogB. BirdC. FishD. Elephant答案:B Bird46.The capital of Aruba is __________.47.The _____ (植物观赏) attracts many visitors.48.Telescopes help us see objects that are very _______ away.49.What do we call a person who studies the effects of drugs on the body?A. PharmacologistB. ToxicologistC. BiochemistD. Chemist答案: A50.Chemical reactions can be influenced by temperature and _____.51.What do we call the process of turning a gas into a liquid?A. EvaporationB. CondensationC. FreezingD. Sublimation答案:B52.What is the name of the famous dessert made of layers of filo pastry?A. TiramisuB. BaklavaC. CheesecakeD. Gelato答案:B.Baklava53.My favorite animal is the _____ (猫), because it is very cute.54.The __________ can cause landslides and flooding.55.The chemical symbol for potassium is ________.56.The skunk is known for its strong ________________ (气味).57.They are ________ (快乐) today.58.The invention of the wheel happened in _____.59.What is 5 + 2?A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 9答案:B 760.The chipmunk stores food in its _________. (脸颊)61.My dog is very _______ (忠诚) to me.62.What is 6 + 3?A. 7B. 9C. 8D. 10答案:B 963.Some metals, like sodium, are very _______ with water.64.The __________ (花的颜色) can vary greatly among species.65. A _____ (植物观察者) enjoys studying flora in nature.66.What is the name of the famous British rock band that included John Lennon?A. The WhoB. The Rolling StonesC. The BeatlesD. Pink Floyd答案:C. The Beatles67.What is the currency used in the USA?A. DollarB. EuroC. PoundD. Yen答案: A68.What is the name of the popular board game where you buy and sell properties?A. MonopolyB. ClueC. RiskD. Battleship答案: A69.My uncle has a big ____.70. A thermometer measures ______ changes.71.The __________ (古代南美) had advanced agricultural techniques.72.My friend has a very __________ (丰富的) imagination.73.ts are adapted to ______ (高海拔) environments. Some pla74.What is the capital city of Estonia?A. TallinnB. RigaC. VilniusD. Helsinki答案: A75.I enjoy making ______ (手工艺品) for holidays. It’s a creative way to celebrate.76.The chemical formula for ammonia is ______.77.The _____ (海豚) is very intelligent and friendly.78.The elephant is the largest land ______ (动物).79. A ______ (温带) climate supports many types of flora.80.What do we call the period of time during which a plant grows?A. GerminationB. GrowthC. Vegetative stageD. All of the above答案:D81.My ______ loves to travel and take photos.82. A group of wolves is called a ______.83.We visit the ______ (音乐会) to enjoy live performances.84.What is the capital of the Central African Republic?A. BanguiB. BimboC. BerbératiD. Bambari答案:A.Bangui85.The main gas emitted from car exhaust is _______.86.The _____ (花卉香气) enhances the atmosphere.87.The Nile River flows __________.88.The rabbit enjoys eating ______.89.I enjoy ______ (画画) in my sketchbook.90.The rabbit's burrow is its _________ (家).91.Chemical reactions often involve the rearrangement of _____.92.The _____ is a star that can be seen during the day.93.Which holiday is celebrated on February 14th?A. ThanksgivingB. New YearC. Valentine's DayD. Halloween答案: C94. A __________ is a mixture where one substance is evenly distributed in another.95.What is the main character in a story or play called?A. HeroB. VillainC. ProtagonistD. Antagonist答案:c96.They are _______ (having) fun at the party.97.单词归类,招物品类和性格类的单词选出来写在相应的圆圈内。

实验汇报:预负载饱和：2.68mmol/g释放:蒸馏水100 200 300 500 8007.09mg/L 6.54 6.1 5.23 5.01 3.895 不同比例:IRPb:NP等温线模型：1) The Langmuir isotherm model几点假设：单层吸附位点吸附能力相同、分布均匀；1R L 1 ■ bC 0Qe 是平衡时吸附量mmol/g ；QO 是单层饱和吸附量;b 是吸附常数，代表吸附亲和力;Ce 是平衡时溶液浓度mmol/LR L 是分离系数，反应吸附类型。

大于1,非优惠；=1是线性吸附；在0-1之间为优惠吸附。

2) The Freundlich modelAssumes a heteroge neous adsorpti on surface with sites hav ing differe nt adsorpti on energieslogQ e =logK r - — logC\Kf 是吸附平衡常数， which in dicates the adsorpti on capacitya nd represe nts the stre ngthof the adsorptive bondn is the heterogenity factor (不均匀系数) which represents the bonddistribution3) The Dubinin-Redushckevich ( D-R ) it does not assume a homoge neous surfaceor con sta nt adsorpti on pote ntial.Q 即Qe ，平衡吸附量k is a con sta nt related to theadsorpti on en ergy(mol2 kJ-2)Qm is the maximum adsorption capacity (mol g-1)£ is the Polanyi potential (J mo1)般认为n 为2-10时容易吸附即优惠吸附; n 小于0.5时难于吸附。

“PEP”2024年11版小学三年级上册英语第3单元真题试卷[有答案]考试时间：90分钟（总分:100）A卷考试人：_________题号一二三四五总分得分一、综合题(共计100题共100分)1. 听力题：I have a ___ (challenge) for you.2. 听力题：The body of water between the USA and Mexico is the __________.3. 听力题：She is a great ________.4. 听力题：The chemical equation for photosynthesis shows the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into _______.5. 听力题：The _______ provides shade on hot days.6. 听力题：He is a great ___. (cook)7. 选择题：What is the opposite of open?A. CloseB. ShutC. LockD. Seal8. 填空题：Insects can help in __________ (授粉过程).9. 听力题：A _______ is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.What do we call the force that keeps us on the ground?A. FrictionB. GravityC. MagnetismD. Inertia答案:B11. 填空题：The capital of Latvia is ________ (里加).12. 填空题：The garden is ________ (生机勃勃).13. 选择题：What is the name of the fairy in "Peter Pan"?A. TinkerbellB. CinderellaC. ArielD. Snow White答案:A14. 选择题：Which food is made from milk and comes in many flavors?A. YogurtB. CheeseC. Ice creamD. Butter15. 选择题：How many wheels does a bicycle have?A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 516. 听力题：The air is _______ (fresh) after the rain.17. 选择题：What do we breathe in?A. WaterB. FoodC. AirD. FireThe ferret explores every ______ (角落) of the house.19. 填空题：My favorite ice cream flavor is ______.20. 听力题：She takes care of her ________.21. 听力题：My friend is very ________.22. 选择题：What is a common way to greet someone?A. GoodbyeB. HelloC. SorryD. Thanks23. 听力题：The dog is ________ in the yard.24. 填空题：I want to learn how to ________ (打篮球) better.25. 听力题：The chemical formula for calcium hydroxide is ______.26. 听力题：The ______ is known for its colorful feathers.27. 填空题：My favorite type of ________ (食物) is sushi.28. 选择题：What do you call a house made of ice?A. IglooB. CabinC. CottageD. Palace答案:A29. 填空题：The sunflower follows the ______.What is the name of the bear species that lives in the Arctic?A. Grizzly BearB. Polar BearC. Black BearD. Brown Bear答案:B. Polar Bear31. 填空题：A _____ is a piece of land surrounded by water.32. 填空题：My grandpa tells great ____.33. 选择题：What do we call the path that a planet takes around the sun?A. AxisB. OrbitC. RotationD. Revolution34. 填空题：The ancient Romans are distinguished for their ________ and governance.35. 填空题：I can jump over ______.36. 听力题：We need to buy some ___. (groceries)37. 选择题：What is the name of the famous children's book character who went to Wonderland?A. Peter PanB. AliceC. DorothyD. Huck Finn38. 听力题：The fish is swimming in the ________.39. 填空题：I enjoy watching _______ (蝴蝶) in the garden.40. 选择题：What is 5 3?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4答案:B41. 填空题：The __________ (历史的理解) requires critical thinking.42. 选择题：What is the term for the study of living organisms?A. BiologyB. ChemistryC. PhysicsD. Astronomy答案:A43. ts are _____ (多年生) and come back every year. 填空题：Some pla44. 填空题：The ancient Greeks established colonies around the ________ (地中海).45. 选择题：How many wheels does a bicycle have?A. OneB. TwoC. ThreeD. Four46. 选择题：What do you call a collection of short stories?A. AnthologyB. NovelC. SeriesD. Collection47. 填空题：The ancient Greeks held their festivals in honor of ______ (宙斯).48. 听力题：A __________ is an example of a renewable resource.49. 填空题：I can ______ (保持) good relationships.The apples are _______ (ripe) and ready to eat.51. 听力题：The chemical formula for butane is _____.52. 听力题：The dog is ___ with a toy. (playing)53. 选择题：What do you call the person who teaches you in school?A. DoctorB. TeacherC. FarmerD. Engineer答案：B54. 选择题：What is 5 3?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4答案:B55. 选择题：Which month comes after April?A. MarchB. MayC. JuneD. July答案：B56. 填空题：I love to go ______ (露营) in the summer.57. 听力题：The symbol for potassium is _____.58. climate resilience assessment) evaluates vulnerability. 填空题：The ____59. 听力题：We will _____ (play/study) after school.I enjoy making ________ (创意食品) for parties.61. 填空题：I enjoy making __________ in the snow with my friends. (雪球)62. 听力题：My friend is a ______. He enjoys collecting coins.63. 填空题：I enjoy learning about ______ in geography class.64. 选择题：What is the capital of France?A. ParisB. RomeC. MadridD. Berlin65. 听力题：A homogeneous mixture is also known as a _______.66. 听力题：Iron reacts with oxygen to form _______.67. 选择题：What is the capital of South Korea?A. SeoulB. BusanC. IncheonD. Jeju68. 听力题：The _____ (木头) is strong.69. 听力题：My sister is a ______. She loves to help others.70. 听力题：This is my ______ (dog).71. 选择题：What do you call the liquid that comes from trees?A. GumB. SyrupC. SapD. Juice答案:C72. 选择题：What do we call the imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres?A. Prime MeridianB. EquatorC. LongitudeD. Latitude答案:B73. 填空题：My teacher tells us stories from ______ (历史). They are very ______ (有趣的).74. 选择题：Which creature is known for its ability to change colors?A. ChameleonB. FrogC. SnakeD. Lizards答案:A75. 填空题：In _____ (美国), the Grand Canyon is a popular destination.76. 听力题：The _____ (moon) is bright.77. 选择题：What do you call a house made of ice?A. IglooB. CabinC. ShedD. Tent78. 选择题：What do you call the main character in a story?A. ProtagonistB. AntagonistC. SidekickD. Narrator答案:A79. 听力题：The stars are ___. (bright)The __________ can reveal the distribution of different rock types.81. 填空题：My sister studies _______ (科目). 她觉得这个科目很 _______ (形容词).82. 选择题：What color do you get when you mix blue and yellow?A. GreenB. PurpleC. OrangeD. Brown83. 听力题：I ride my _____ (bike) to school.84. 填空题：The bee buzzes around the _______ (花).85. 填空题：My favorite season is ________ (夏天).86. 听力题：The chemical symbol for arsenic is ______.87. 听力题：The main component of fertilizers is _____.88. 选择题：What do you call the story of a person's life written by that person?A. BiographyB. AutobiographyC. NovelD. Memoir答案:B89. 填空题：Do you think __________ (玩具名) is too __________ (形容词)?90. 填空题：My favorite book is about a __________ (英雄) who saves the day.91. 听力题：The sun rises in the ___ (east/west).A __________ is a chemical reaction that occurs quickly.93. 填空题：历史上，有许多________ (explorers) 冒险寻找新的土地。

小学上册英语第5单元期末试卷(含答案)英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.Which of these is a sport?A. ReadingB. SwimmingC. SleepingD. Drawing答案:B Swimming2.The __________ is a famous region for wine production in France. (波尔多)3.What is the name of the famous American author known for "The Grapes of Wrath"?A. John SteinbeckB. Ernest HemingwayC. F. Scott FitzgeraldD. Mark Twain 答案: A4.What is the name of the popular animated series about a family living in a town?A. The SimpsonsB. Family GuyC. American DadD. Bob's Burgers答案: A5. A __________ is a place where many people relax.6.The process of a gas turning into a liquid is called __________.7.I enjoy _______ (参加) outdoor activities.8.The cat is chasing a _____.9.I _____ (play/learn) the guitar.10.The playground has a big ______ (swing).11. A ________ makes a great pet for kids.12.The parrot is very _______ (善于交际).13.Certain plants have developed ______ to deter herbivores. (某些植物已经发展出特征来吓跑食草动物。

分析检测吸附条件对食用油中苯并（a）芘吸附脱除的影响张诗琪1,2，刘孟洁2，赵洲桥2，韩立娟1,2,3*，张维农1,2,3(1.大宗粮油精深加工教育部重点实验室，湖北武汉 430023；2.武汉轻工大学 食品科学与工程学院，湖北武汉 430023；3.湖北省油脂精细化工工程技术研究中心，湖北武汉 430023）摘　要：将醋酸纤维素负载在活性炭表面得到的改性活性炭应用于食用油中苯并（a）芘的吸附脱除，以吸附脱除率为衡量指标，从吸附剂用量、吸附温度和时间方面对吸附条件进行优化。

结果表明，在吸附剂添加量为油重的0.8%，110 ℃下吸附30 min的条件下，改性活性炭对苯并（a）芘的脱除率高达100%。

关键词：食用油；苯并（a）芘；吸附脱除Effect of Adsorption Conditions on the Adsorption and Removal of Benzo(a)pyrene in Edible OilZHANG Shiqi1,2, LIU Mengjie2, ZHAO Zhouqiao2, HAN Lijuan1,2,3*, ZHANG Weinong1,2,3(1.Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430023, China;2.College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;3.Hubei FineChemical Engineering Technology of Oil and Fat Research Center, Wuhan 430023, China) Abstract: Activated carbon modified with cellulose acetate loaded on the surface of activated carbon is applied to the adsorption and removal of benzo(a)pyrene in edible oil. The adsorption and removal rate is used as a measure, and the adsorption conditions are optimized from the amount of adsorbent, adsorption temperature, and time. The results showed that the optimal adsorption conditions were as follows: the amount of adsorbent added was 0.8% of the oil weight, and the removal rate of benzo(a)pyrene was as high as 100% after 30 minutes of adsorption at 110 ℃.Keywords: edible oil; benzo(a)pyrene; adsorption removal苯并芘为多环芳烃的代表性物质，根据其苯环的稠合位置可分为1,2-苯并芘、3,4-苯并芘、4,5-苯并芘等10多种物质，前两种有强致癌性，而4,5-苯并芘致癌作用较弱。

是一个欧姆接触 ． Ａ ｎ Ｏ ｇ 层和 Ｓ ２ 层在接触前的能带 图如图 １ （ ） 所示 ， 接 触 后 的 能 带 图 如 图 １（ 所 示． ａ ｂ） 刚形 成 接 触 后 ， 电子从低功函数的 Ａ ｇ层流向高功 此时电子堆积在靠近接触面附近 函数的 Ｓ ｎ Ｏ ２ 层， 的一个非常狭窄的区域内 ， 这将使 Ａ ｎ Ｏ ｇ和Ｓ ２ 的费 由 于 电 子 的 传 输， 米能 级 达 到 同 一 水 平 ． Ｓ ｎ Ｏ ２ 的导 带和价带向下弯曲 （ 如图 １（ ） ） ， 直到达 到 一个 热 力 ｂ 学平衡 ． 又由于 Ａ 的功函数和 Ｓ ｎ Ｏ ｇ ２ 的功函数相差 这将导致大量的 载 流 子 进 入 到 Ｓ 宏观 很大 ， ｎ Ｏ ２ 层， 表现为薄膜的具有很低的电阻率和方电阻 ．
０ 引言
透明导电薄膜因其具有较高的载流子浓度和光 学禁带宽度 ， 因而表 现 出 低 的 电 阻 率 和 高 的 可 见 光 透过率等优良的光电性能 ， 在平板显示器 、 太阳能电 电磁防护屏以及 建 筑 玻 璃 的 红 外 放 射 涂 层 等 光 池、
］ １ ４ 目前应用的透 明 电薄膜器件中有着广泛的应用 ［ ．
导电膜主 要 有 Ｉ 、 ） Ｔ Ｏ（ Ｉ ｎ ｎ） Ａ Ｚ Ｏ（ Ｚ ｎ Ｏ∶Ａ ｌ ２Ｏ ３ ∶Ｓ 和Ｆ 等金属氧化物透明导电薄 Ｔ Ｏ（ Ｓ ｎ Ｏ ２ ∶ Ｆ）
５ ７］ 膜［ 但是这些薄 膜 材 料 的 电 阻 率 仍 不 是 很 低 ， 且 ．
１ 实验过程
采用 Ｊ Ｇ Ｐ ４ ５ ０ Ａ 型高真空多功能射频磁控溅射 仪进行样品的制备 ， 基底采用飞舟玻璃有限公司生 产的载玻片 ． 镀膜前分别用丙酮 、 酒精和去离子水对 基底超声清洗 ， 用氮 气 吹 干 ． 靶材采用直径５ ０ ｍｍ， 纯度为 ９ ９． ５％ 的 Ｓ ｎ Ｏ ９． ９ ９％ 的 ２ 陶瓷靶和纯度为９ 溅射所 采 用 的 气 体 是 ９ Ａ ９． ９ ９ ９％ 的 高 纯 氩 气 ｇ靶 ． 和９ 溅 射 温 度 是 室 温． 中间的 Ａ ９． ９ ９％ 的氧气 ， ｇ层 所用的溅射功率是 ３ 用 高 纯 氩 气 溅 射， 溅射压 ０ Ｗ， 强是 １Ｐ ， 沉 积 厚 度 是 ５ｎ 顶部和底部的 Ｓ ａ ｍ． ｎ Ｏ ２ 层所用的溅射功率都是 ５ 上下两层的沉积厚度 ０ Ｗ， 用氧气和氩气混合气体溅射 ， 溅射压 强 都是 ５ ０ｎ ｍ， 是 １Ｐ ， 氧氩 比 通 过 调 节 氩 气 和 氧 气 的 流 量 控 制 ， ａ 以制备不同氧氩比的薄膜样品 ． 薄膜的电 学 性 质 用 Ｅ ｃ ｏ ｉ ａ ＨＭＳ３ ０ ０ ０型霍尔 ｐ 薄膜 效应测试仪 和 Ｓ Ｘ １ ９ ３ ４ 型 四 探 针 进 行 了 测 量，

小学上册英语第三单元期末试卷[含答案]英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1. A non-metal typically has a ______ melting point.2.The _______ is the part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons.3.The capital of Iceland is _____.4.The rabbit eats grass and ______ (叶子).5.I like to write letters to my ________ (朋友) who live far away. It’s fun to stay in touch.6.What do you call the person who helps you at school?A. DoctorB. TeacherC. ChefD. Driver答案:B7.The ______ is known for her photography.8.The __________ (花匠) knows how to care for different plants.9.My _____ (弟弟) loves to play soccer.10.What do you call a person who sings?A. DancerB. ActorC. SingerD. Painter11.We have a ______ (有趣的) project in science class.12.My cousin is very __________. (机灵)13.Insects have six _______ (腿).14.What is the capital of New Zealand?A. SydneyB. WellingtonC. AucklandD. Christchurch答案:B15.I enjoy ______ on sunny afternoons. (playing outside)16.We participate in ________ (projects) for impact.17.ts can produce ______ that repel pests. (某些植物可以产生驱虫的化学物质。

2024年6月英语四级真题（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students’opinions on whether university sports facilities should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) It hit a bird shortly after takeoff.B) Its crew members went on strike.C) It narrowly escaped a plane crash when turning around.D) Its captain got slightly injured during the forced landing.2. A) Panic. C) Relieved.B) Nervous. D) Contented.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) He is now kept in a secure area.B) He has escaped the zoo once again.C) He has been caught a second time.D) He finally disappeared six days ago.4. A) Squeezed.B) Threatened.C) Disappointed.D) Frustrated.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It is condemned as a crazy idea.B) It is enriching the city’s night life.C) It is questioned by local residents.D) It is giving rise to safety concerns.6. A) Avoid entering one-way streets.B) Ensure the safety of pedestrians.C) Follow all the traffic rules drivers do.D) Give way to automobiles at all times.7. A) To ease the city’s busy traffic.B) To bring new life into the city.C) To add a new means of transport.D) To reduce the city’s air pollution.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Take it seriously. C) Make it sound scary.B) Discuss it regularly. D) Talk about it openly.9. A) By shopping around for the best deals. C) By citing concrete examples. B) By making abstract sums relevant. D) By visiting discount stores.10. A) Paying their kids to help with housework.B) Setting kids a good example by sharing chores.C) Giving kids pocket money according to their needs.D) Urging kids to deposit some of their gift money.11. A) The importance of cutting down family expenses.B) The need to learn important lessons from her elders.C) The delight in seeing their savings grow.D) The necessity of saving into a pension.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He is a successful businessman.B) He reviews books on political affairs.C) He has published a new bestseller.D) He has worked in several banks.13. A) The man’s ideas about education. B) The man’s academic background.C) The man’s attempts at drawing public attention.D) The man’s proposals to solve economic problems.14. A) To reduce students’financial burden. B) To motivate all students to be successful.C) To give students incentive to excel in economics.D) To provide remedies for students’poor performance.15. A) Improving school budgeting. C) Seeking donations. B) Increasing tuition fees. D) Raising taxes.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To show his sympathy towards people always being busy. B) To prevent people from complaining about being “busy”.C) To call on busy people to take care of themselves.D) To help busy people to sort out their priorities.17. A) Avoid saying we are busy. C) Describe our schedule in detail. B) Reflect on their true purpose. D) Respond as most busy people do.18. A) To show their achievements resulted from great efforts. B) To prove they stand out as accomplished professionals.C) To cover up their failure to achieve some purpose.D) To tell others a complete lie about their inability. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They will help one reduce fear. C) They will be less challenging after a time. B) They should become so popular. D) They should cover so many different types.20. A) To break one’s ultimate limits. C) To avoid dangerous mistakes. B) To stop being extremely afraid. D) To enjoy the sports to the full.21. A) By allowing our motivation to be at an all-time high.B) By stopping us hurting the same muscles repeatedly.C) By burning as many as 300 calories per hour.D) By enabling us to get an all-over workout.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is natural.B) It is instrumental.C) It is personal.D) It is vital.23. A) To guard against being perceived negatively. C) To conceal personality preferences. B) To prevent themselves from being isolated. D) To maintain workplace harmony.24. A) It helps to enhance team spirit.B) It stimulates innovative ideas.C) It helps to resolve problems.D) It facilitates policy-making.25. A) An innovative mind.B) Corporate culture.C) Mutual trust.D) A healthy mentality.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．A team of researchers led by Priyanka Joshi examined the degree to which men and women relied on “communicative abstraction”to verbally convey their ideas andemotions. Communicative abstraction, according to the researchers, reflects the tendency of people to use “abstract speech that focuses on the broader picture and 26 purpose of action rather than concrete speech focusing on details and the means of 27 action.”Interestingly, they found that men were far more likely to speak in the abstract than were women. To arrive at this 28 , the researchers examined the linguistic (语言的) patterns of men and women in over 600,000 blog posts written on websites. To do this, the researchers computed abstractness ratings for 29 40,000 commonly used words in the English language. Words considered to be concrete could be easily visualized, such as “table”or “chair”. Words that were more 30 to visualize, for example, “justice”or “morality”were considered to be more abstract. They found that men used 31 more abstract language in their blog posts.What is the 32 of this effect? The researchers suggest that power differences between the genders—that is, men having more power in society—might be a key determinant (决定因素). For instance, in a follow-up study conducted with a sample of 300 students, the researchers 33 power dynamics in an interpersonal setting to see if this would influence communicative abstraction. They found that participants in a high-power interviewer role were more likely to give abstract descriptions of behaviors than were participants in a low-power interviewee role. This suggests that communicating more abstractly does not reflect a 34 tendency of men or women but rather 35 within specific contexts.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to better work towards long-term goalsA) Hal Hershfield, a psychologist at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, wanted to know why people weren’t saving for retirement. Across the board, people are living longer. Logically, they’ll need more money to live comfortably in their post-work years. And yet, savings rates in the U.S. have gone down in recent decades, not up. B) To help explain this seemingly irrational behavior, Hershfield and his team scanned the brains of study participants while asking them to what degree various traits (特征)—like “honorable”or “funny”—applied to their current self, their future self, a current other, or a future other. As participants answered, Hershfield’s team recorded which parts of their brains lit up. Unsurprisingly, people’s brains were most active when thinking about their current selves and least active when thinking about a current other. But the team found that participants’brain activity while considering their future selves more closely resembled their brain activity while thinking about a current other rather than the current self. C) Put in practical terms, when thinking of yourself in a month or a year or a decade, your brain registers that person in ways similar to how it would register Taylor Swift or the mailman. Understood in that way, saving for retirement is the equivalent of giving money away to someoneelse entirely.D) In light of Hershfield’s study, one simple question arises: Is it possible to make our present selves give a damn about our future selves? The answers are anything but simple. E) Seen through the lens of the present self versus the future self, our self-defeating actions—like choosing to watch television rather than go to the gym—suddenly make perfect sense. We get to enjoy the very concrete, immediate benefits of our actions while someone else (namely, our future selves) suffers the hypothetical(假设的), far-off consequences. As a result, the decisions we make for our present selves often look very different from our decisions for our future selves. We believe that tomorrow will be different. We believe that we will be different tomorrow; but in doing so, we prioritize our current mood over the consequences of our inaction for the future self.F) Understanding our procrastination (拖延) through the lens of the present and future selves, we’re left with three possible solutions: The first is to force your future self to do whatever your present self doesn’t want to do. The second is to convince your present self that your future self is, in fact, still you. If the central problem is that we think of our future selves as other people, it follows that trying to identify more closely with our future selves will encourage us to make better long-term decisions.G) In a follow-up study, Hershfield wanted to explore ways to bridge the disconnect between the present and future selves and encourage people to save more for retirement. He and his team took photos of study participants, and then used image processing to visually age their faces. Participants were then placed in a virtual reality setting where they could look into a mirror and see their aged selves looking back at them. Participants who saw their aged selves said they would save 30% more of their salary for retirement than the control group. H) Whatever your long-term goals may be—getting in better shape, launching your own business, writing a book—thinking about your deadline in terms of days rather than months or years can help you wrap your mind around how close the future really is. I) The third solution is to forget about your future self and use your present self’s love of instant gratification (满足感) to your advantage. While the two tactics (手段) above can be effective in making better long-term choices, in the end, you’re still struggling againsthuman nature. Our brains are hard-wired for instant gratification. Instead of fighting your present self’s need for immediate rewards, why not use it to your advantage? When most of us set goals, we focus on long-term results we want to see—e.g., losing weight, getting a promotion, retiring in comfort, etc. While those visions of our future selves can be inspiring, when it comes to actually doing the day-to-day work, it may be more effective to reframe activities in terms of their immediate, or at least very near-term, rewards. J) Take writing this article, for instance. It’s easy for me to imagine how amazing it will feel at the end of the workday to have this article done. This isn’t just my opinion. Research partners Kaitlin Woolley of Cornell University and Ayelet Fishbach of the University of Chicago have made a career out of studying the differences between the goals that people achieve and the ones that fall to the wayside.K) “In one study, we asked people online about the goals they set at the beginning of the year. Most people set goals to achieve delayed, long-term benefits, such as career advancement, debt repayment, or improved health. We asked these individuals how enjoyable it was to pursue their goal, as well as how important their goal was. We also asked whether they were still working ontheir goals two months after setting them. We found that enjoyment predicted people’s goal persistence two months after setting the goal far more than how important they rated their goal to be,”Woolley said.L) This pattern held true across a wide variety of goals from exercising to studying to eating healthier foods. For example, people ate 50% more of a healthy food when directed to focus on the good taste rather than the long-term health benefits. Other studies have shown a greater uptake of exercise in people who were told to think of the enjoyment of doing the exercise now rather than future health gains.M) These findings suggest that when it comes to achieving your goals, enjoying the process itself is more important than wanting the long-term benefits. In other words, present self trumps (战胜) future self. Who says instant gratification has to be a bad thing? By all means, set ambitious long-term goals for your future self, but when it comes to actually following through day-to-day, make sure your present self knows what’s in it for her too.36. Our brains are genetically determined to satisfy immediate desires.37. Taken in a practical way, saving for post-work years is like giving money away to others.38. Research found that, as regards achievement of one’s goals, it is important to focus more on enjoying the process than the long-term benefits.39. Regarding our future selves as still being ourselves will help us make better long-term decisions.40. Savings rates in America have dropped in recent decades even though people’s life expectancy has increased.41. Researchers found that enjoyment rather than importance enabled people to persist in their goals.42. When making decisions, we give priority to our current frame of mind without thinking much of the consequences.43. People ate more of a healthy food when they focused on its good taste instead of its long-term benefits.44. As was expected, when people thought of their present selves, their brains were observed to become more active.45. Researchers found that participants who saw the images of their aged selves would save more for their later years than those who didn’t.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.People often wonder why some entrepreneurs have greater success than others. Is it habits, connections, luck, work ethic or any other behavior? I believe the key to success is willpower. Willpower is the ability to control yourself. It is a strong determination that allows you to do something difficult. It is a behavior we are born with more than one we learn; however, it ispossible to not only learn it, but also strengthen it with constant exercise. Willpower is just like a muscle; to keep it strong you need to constantly exercise it. People with a great amount of willpower have the discipline to develop positive, successful habits. Even with an incredible amount of talent, without the discipline and motivation to create positive habits, it can be difficult to achieve success.Willpower and habits go hand in hand. It is critical to create good habits and take the actions necessary to stick to those habits day in and day out for greater success. Almost half of our daily actions are part of our habits and not decisions, so once the correct habits are in place, you will automatically perform those tasks on a day-today basis.The best way to create and stick to a habit is to have strong motivation. It’s easier to change your habits to lose weight if you have a health issue and you want to be around longer for your kids, or if your business is something you’re passionate about. Having a valuable outcome associated with a habit will help you stick to that habit permanently.The art of self-control is one that most successful individuals have mastered. Self-control enables you to avoid behaviors that don’t contribute to your success and adopt those that do. Because there is a delayed satisfaction associated with self-control, it can be easy to get off track. However, if you work on sticking to those small positive habits one day at a time, it becomes easier to stay strong and achieve that delayed reward. Once a reward is achieved, it is much easier to continue sticking to your habits.46. What does the author say we need to do to strengthen our willpower? A) Keep it under control. C) Learn from entrepreneurs.B) Apply it continuously. D) Aim at success determinedly.47. How are almost half of our daily actions performed according to the passage? A) Out of habit. C) Like muscle building.B) With determination. D) By self-discipline.48. What will help people stick to doing something constructive automatically?A) Practising it on a day-to-day basis. C) Possessing a reasonable amount of talent.B) Associating it with improving health. D) Foreseeing the desired outcome it will yield.49. How does the art of self-control help us succeed?A) By allowing us to remain clear-headed permanently.B) By enabling us to alter our behaviors constantly.C) By enabling us to take positive actions.D) By allowing us to avoid taking risks.50. Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?A) Most of us are not in the habit of exercising self-control.B) We may not get immediate rewards from self-control.C) Self-control tends to be associated with pains.D) Self-control only brings about small benefits.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Today, most scientific research is funded by government grants, companies doing research and development, and non-profit foundations. As a society, we reap the rewards from this science, but we also help pay for it. You indirectly support science through taxes you pay,products and services you purchase, and donations you make.Funding for science has changed with the times. Historically, science has been largely supported through private patronage (资助), church sponsorship, or simply paying for the research yourself. Today, researchers are likely to be funded by a mix of grants from various government agencies, institutions, and foundations. Other research is funded by private companies. Such corporate sponsorship is widespread in some fields. Almost 75% of U.S. clinical trials in medicine are paid for by private companies. And, of course, some researchers today still fund small-scale studies out of their own pockets. Most of us can’t afford to do nuclear research as a private hobby, but birdwatchers, rock collectors, and others can do real research on a limited budget.In a perfect world, money wouldn’t matter—all scientific studies would be completely objective. But in the real world, funding may introduce biases. Drug research sponsored by the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry is more likely to end up favoring the drug under consideration than studies sponsored by government grants or charitable organizations. Similarly, nutrition research sponsored by the food industry is more likely to end up favoring the food under consideration than independently funded research.So what should we make of all this? Should we ignore any research funded by companies or special interest groups? Certainly not. These groups provide invaluable funding for scientific research. Furthermore, science has many safeguards in place to catch instances of bias that affect research outcomes. Ultimately, misleading results will be corrected as science proceeds; however, this process takes time. Meanwhile, it pays to examine studies funded by industry or special interest groups with extra care. Are the results consistent with other independently funded studies? What do other scientists have to say about this research? A little examination can go a long way towards identifying bias associated with the funding source.51. What does the passage mainly discuss regarding scientific research?A) Its foundation.B) Its rewards.C) Its prospect.D) Its funding.52. What do we learn from the passage about researchers like birdwatchers and rock collectors?A) They have little access to government funding.B) They can do research with limited resources.C) They can do amateur work in their own fields.D) They have no means for large-scale research.53. What would scientific studies look like in a perfect world according to the author?A) They would be totally unbiased.B) They would be independently funded.C) They would be responsibly conducted.D) They would be strictly supervised.54. What does the author say about companies and special interest groups?A) They try hard to pull down the safeguards for research.B) They make extra efforts to research their own products.C) They provide valuable resources for scientific research.D) They reap the most benefits from scientific research.55. What does the author think of research funded by industry or special interest groups? A) Its recommendations should be examined for feasibility.B) Its misleading results should be corrected in time.C) Its validity should be checked with additional care.D) Its hidden biases should be identified independently.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.农历（the lunar calendar）起源于数千年前的中国，根据太阳和月亮的运行规律制定。