Post test 1 基本概念
1. Things of value owned by an entity: assets
Money: cash
Claims of creditors: liabilities
Claims of investors: equity
2. 2 types of sources of funds：
Stronger claim: liabilities
Lesser claim: equity
3. A balance sheet reports the status of an entity ....at a point of time.
4. Give the fundamental accounting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Equity
5. The above equation is consistent with what concept?: Dual-aspect concept
6. Money-measurement concept states that accounting reports only facts that can be expressed in monetary amounts.
7. A balance sheet does not report all the facts about a business. What concept limits the amount or type of information that can be reported? Money-measurement concept
8. Brown Company has 10000 dollar cash. Its owner withdraws 100 dollars for his own use. The owner is (no better or worse off) than he was before. Brown company now has (less) cash. The fact that this event affects the owner differently than it affects the company is an illustration of the entity concept.
9. The entity concept states that accounts are kept for entities as distinguished from the persons who own those entities.
11. The going-concern concept is: Accounting assumes that an entity will continue to operate indefinitely.
12. The asset-measurement concept is: if reliable information is available, accounting focuses on the fair value of assets. Nonmonetary assets are reported at their original cost.
13. An item can be reported as an asset if it passes 3 of the following: item is valuable, item was acquired at a measurable cost, item is owned or controlled by the entity.
14. Goodwill is a favorable name or reputation purchased by the entity.
15. An asset is classified as current if it is cash or is expected to be converted into cash in the near future, usually within one year.
16. A liability is classified as current if it becomes due in the near future, usually within one year.
17. Marketable securities are current assets. Investments are noncurrent assets.
19. An insurance policy paid in advance of the time period covered is an example of a prepaid expense.
20. A building, an item of equipment, and an automobile may all be examples of plant and property.
21.Parker Company operates a furniture store. On December 31,2005,it had 30 desks that it was holding for sale. These would be reported as inventory. The desk that is used by the president of Parker Company would be reported as plant and property.
22.Fox Company sold $1,000 of goods on credit to Golden Company. This would be recorded as an account receivable of Fox Company and as an account payable of Golden Company.
23. Indicate whether the following statements about the balance sheet of a corporation are true or false:
a. Assets list all the valuable things owned by the entity----F
b. The amount reported for the paid-in capital item is approximately the fair value of the stock-----F
c. The amount reported for total equity is approximately the fair value of the corporation’s stock---F
d. Total equities (also called “net worth”) show approximately what the entity is worth.----F
e. Retained earnings is the amount of cash retained in the entity.-----F
Post test 2 资产负债表的变更：收入的核算
1.On January 2, John Brown started the Brown Company. In January, Brown Company did the following things:
a. It received $5,000 cash from John Brown as its capital.
b. It borrowed $10,000 from a bank, giving a note therefor.
c. It purchased $4,000 of inventory for cash.
d. It sold $2,000 of its inventory for $6,000 to a customer, who paid $3,500 cash and agreed to pay $2,500 within 30 days.
e. It purchased an auto for $7,000. It paid $2,000 down and gave a note to the automobile dealer for the remaining $5,000
f. Brown withdrew $1,000 cash for his personal use.
g. Brown was offered $10,000 for his equity in the business, but he refused the offer.
On a separate piece of paper, prepare a rough draft of a balance sheet for Brown Company as of the close to business January 31, and an income statement for January.
Brown Company
Balance Sheet as of Jan31
Assets
Cash……………………………………$11,500
Accounts Receivable…………………2,500 Inventory………………………………….2,000 Automobile………………………………7,000 Total………………………………………$23,000
Liabilities and Equity
Notes Payable………………………$15,000
Paid-in Capital…………………………5,000
Retained Earnings……………………3,000 Total……………………………………$23,000
Brown Company
Income Statement for January Revenue...........................$6,000
Expense ...........................$2,000
Income ............................$4,000
2.Brown Company's income was $4,000, but its Retained Earnings was only $3,000. Reread the first frame and choose the item (a-g) that explains the difference. f
3.John Brown claims that the inventory as of January 31 is worth $6,000, as shown by the fact that inventory costing $2,000 was actually sold for $6,000. Would you change the balance sheet ?...(No). This is an illustration of the asset-measurement concept. Nonmonetary assets are reported at their cost rather than their worth or fair value.
Post test 3 会计记录和系统
1. On March 5, Kay Company purchased $6,000 of inventory, paying cash.
Prepare a journal entry for this transaction below.
Journal
2001 Transactions Dr. Cr.
March 5Inventory6,000
Cash6,000
2. On March 10, Kay Company made a $15,000 sale to a customer who paid $6,000 cash and agreed to pay to the other $9,000 in 30 days. The merchandise sold had cost $8,000. Prepare a journal entry for the sale, below.
Journal
2001 Transactions Dr. Cr.
March 10Cash6,000
Accounts Receivable9,000
Revenues15,000
3. On March 10, Kay Company made a sale for $15,000 for merchandise that had cost $8,000. Prepare a journal entry to record the cost of the sale below.
Journal
2001 Transactions Dr. Cr.
March 10 Expenses8,000
Inventory8,000
4. Recall from the previous frames that revenues from the sale on March 10 were $15,000 and that the merchandise sold had cost $8,000. Prepare the closing entries.
Journal
2005 Transactions Dr. Cr.
March 31Revenues15,000
Retained earnings15,000
March 31Retained earnings8,000
Expenses8,000
5-10. Omit
11. A critic said that the company had $25,000 cash at the beginning of
March and $25,000 at the end of March, and since its cash balance was unchanged, it couldn't be said to have any income in March. This criticism is (incorrect).
12. The reason the criticism is incorrect is because income is an increase in
retained earnings, not necessarily in cash. For example, the sales revenue of Kay Company in March was $15,000 and its income was $7,000 even though $9,000 was received in cash.
Post test 4 营业收入和货币资产
1. The conservation concept states that increases in equity are recognized only when they are reasonably certain, while decreases in equity are recognized as soon as they are reasonably possible.
2. The materiality concept states: disregard trivial matters but disclose all important matters.
3. What is the length of the usual accounting period? One year. Financial statements prepared for shorter periods are called interim statements.
4. Cash accounting reports items that increase or decrease cash. Accrual accounting reports items that change equity or retained earnings, even though these changes may not affect cash.
5. Increases in equity associated with the entity’s operations during a period
are revenues, and decreases are expenses. The difference between them is labeled income.
6. The realization concept states that revenues are recognized when goods or services are delivered.
7. H Company manufactures a table in August and places it in its retail store in September. R Smith, a customer, agrees to buy the table in October, it is delivered to him in November, and he pays the bill in December. In what month is the revenue is recognized? (November)
8. The receipt of cash is a debit to Cash. What is the offsetting credit and (type of account) for the following types of sales transactions?
Account Credited
a. Cash received prior to delivery. Advances from customers (a liability)
b. Cash received in same period as delivery. Revenue
c. Cash received after the period of delivery. Accounts receivable (an asset)
9. Similarly, revenue is a credit entry. What is the offsetting debit when
revenue is recognized in each of these periods?
Account Debited
a. Revenue recognized prior to receipt of cash. Accounts receivable
b. Revenue recognized in same period as receipt of cash. Cash
c. Revenue recognized in the period following receipt of cash. Advances from customers
10. In February, H Company agrees to sell a table to a customer for $600,
and the customer makes a down payment of $100 at that time. The cost of the table is $400. The table is delivered to the customer in March, and the customer pays the remaining $500 in April. Give the journal entries (if any) that would be made in February, March, and April for both the revenue and expense aspects of this transaction. February:
Cash100
Advances from customers100
March:
Accounts receivable500
Advances from customers100
Revenue600
March:
Expenses400
Inventory400
April:
Cash500
Accounts receivable500
11. At the end of 2005, M Company had accounts receivable of $200,000,
and it estimated that $2,000 of this amount was a bad debt. Its revenue in 2005, with no allowance for the bad debts, was $600,000.
A. What account should be debited for the $2,000 bad debt? Revenue
B. What account should be credited? Allowance for doubtful accounts
C. What amount would be reported as net accounts receivable on the balance sheet? $198,000
D. What amount would be reported as revenue on the 2005 income statement? $598,000
12. In 2006, the $2,000 of bad debt was written off.
A. What account should be debited for this written off? Allowance for doubtful accounts
B. What account should be credited? Accounts receivable
Post test 5 费用的核算；损益表
1. An expenditure occurs in the period in which goods or services are acquired. An expense occurs in the period in which goods or services are consumed.
2. A certain asset was acquired in May. There was therefore an expenditure in May. At the end of May, the item was either on hand, or it was not. If it was on hand, it was an asset; If it was not on hand, it was an expense in May.
3. Productive assets are unexpired costs. Expenses are expired costs.
4. The matching concept states that costs associated with the revenues of a period are expenses of that period.
5. Expenses of a period consist of:
a. costs of the goods and services delivered during that period.
b. other expenditures that benefit operations of the period.
c. losses
6. If Brown company pays rent prior to the period that the rent covers, the amount is initially reported as credit to cash and a debit to Prepaid Rent, which is an asset account. If Brown Company pays the rent after the period covered, the amount is initially recorded as a debit to Rent Expense and a credit to Accrued Rent, which is a liability account.
7. A brand new machine owned by Fay Company was destroyed by fire in 2005. It was uninsured. It has been purchased for $10,000 with the expectation that it would be useful for 5 years. The expense recorded in 2005 should be $10,000.
8. Gross margin is the difference between sales revenue and cost of sales.
9. gross margin percentage: (gross margin)/(sales revenue)
10. The difference between revenues and expenses in an accounting period (or the amount by which equity [i.e., retained earnings] increased from operating activities during the period) is called net income.
11. A distribution of earnings to shareholders is called dividends(股利).
12. retained earnings at the end of the period= retained earnings at the beginning of the period + net income – dividends.
Post test 6 存货和销售成本
1. A dealer sells a television set for $800 cash. It had cost $600. Write journal entries for the four accounts affected by this transaction.
Dr. Cash800
Cr. Revenue800
Dr. Cost of Sales600
Cr. Inventory600
2. When using the perpetual inventory method (永续盘存), a record is kept for each item, showing receipts, issues, and the amount on hand.
3. Write an equation that shows how the cost of sales is determined by deduction:
Cost of sales = beginning inventory + purchases – ending inventory
4. Omit
5. In periods of inflation, many companies use the LIFO method in
calculating their taxable income because LIFO gives a higher cost of sales and hence a lower taxable income.
6. A company discovers that the fair value of its inventory is $1000 lower than its cost. What journal entry should it take?
Dr. Cost of Sales1,000
Cr. Inventory1,000
7. In a manufacturing business, what three elements enter into the cost of a manufactured item?
Direct material, direct labor, and overhead.
8. Period costs become an expense during the period in which they were incurred.
9. Product costs become an expense during the period in which the products were sold.
10. One type of overhead rate involves use of the total direct labor costs and total production overhead costs for a period. Write a ratio that shows how the overhead rate is calculated.
(Total production overhead costs)/(Total direct labor costs)
11. A given finished item requires $50 of direct materials and 5 hours of direct labor at $8 per hour. The overhead rate is $4 per direct labor hour. At what amount would the finished item be shown in inventory? $110= 50+ 40 + 20
12. An inventory turnover of 5 is generally better than an inventory turnover of 4 because it indicates that less capital is tied up in inventory, and there is less risk that the inventory will become obsolete.
Post test 7 非流动资产和折旧
1. The amount at which a new plant asset is recorded in the accounts includes its purchase price plus all costs incurred to make the asset ready for its intended use (such as transportation and installation).
2. A plant asset is acquired in 2005. It is expected to be worn out at the end of 10 years and to become obsolete in five years. What is its service life? ---Five years.
3. Ordinarily, land is not depreciated because its service life is indefinitely long.
4.A plant asset is acquired in 2005 at a cost of $20000. Its estimated service life is 10 years, and its estimated residual value is $2000 :
a. The estimated depreciable cost of the asset is $18,000
b. If the straight-line depreciation method is used, the depreciation rate for this asset is 10 percent.
c. What amount will be recorded as depreciation expense in each year of the asset’s life?---$1,800
d. What amount will be debited and what account will be credited to record this depreciation expense?
Dr. Depreciation expense
Cr. Accumulated depreciation
e. After five years have elapsed, how would this asset be reported on the balance sheet?
1) Plant------$20,000
2) Less accumulated depreciation-------$9,000
3) Book value-------$11,000
5. A machine is purchase on January 2, 2005, for $20,000 and its has an expected life of five years and no estimated residual value.
a. If the a machine is still in use six years later, what amount of depreciation expense will be reported in for the sixth year?----zero
b. What amount, if any, will be reported on the balance sheet at the end of the sixth year?
1) It will not be reported.-----X
2) It will be reported as follows:
Machine $20,000
Accumulated depreciation $20,000
Book value $0
6. A machine is purchase on January 2, 2005, for $50,000. It has an expected service life for 10 years and no residual value. Eleven years later it is sold for $3,000 cash.
a. There will be a gain of $3,000
b. What account will be debited and what account credited to record this amount?
Dr. Cash
Cr. Gain on disposition of assets.
7. Given an example of each of the following types of assets, and give the name of the process used in writing off the cost of the second and third type.
Asset type\Example\Write-off process
Plant Asset\m achine, b uilding\Depreciation
Wasting asset\c oal, o il ,m inerals\Depletion
Intangible asset\g oodwill, t rademark \Amortization
8. Conoil Company purchased a producing oil property for $10,000,000 on January 2, 2005. It estimated that the property contained one million barrels of oil and that the property had a service life of 20 years. In 2005, 40,000 barrels of oil were recovered from the property. What amount should be charged as an expense in 2005?------$400,000
9. Wasting assets and intangible assets are reported on the balance sheet in
a different way than building, equipment, and similar plant assets. The difference is that wasting assets are reported at the net amount and plant assets are reported at cost, accumulated depreciation, and net amount. 10. In calculating its taxable income, a company tries to report its income as low as it can. In calculating its financial accounting income, a company tries to report its income as fairly as it can.
11. As compared with straight-line depreciation, accelerated depreciation writes off more depreciation in the early years of an asset’s life and less in the later years. Over the whole life of asset, accelerated depreciation writes off the same total cost as straight-line depreciation.
12. Companies usually use accelerated depreciation in tax accounting because it reduces taxable income and hence income tax in the early years.
13. Assume an income tax rate of 40%. If a company calculated its financial accounting income (before income taxes) in 2005 as $6 million and its taxable income as$4 million, what amount would it report as income tax expense on its 2005 income statement?----$2,400,000
14. Fill in the missing name on the following table:
Income tax expense $100,000
Income tax paid -60,000
Deferred income tax $ 40,000
The $40,000 would be reported on the balance sheet as a liability.
会计专业专业术语中英文对照 一、会计与会计理论 会计 accounting 决策人 Decision Maker 投资人 Investor 股东 Shareholder 债权人 Creditor 财务会计 Financial Accounting 管理会计 Management Accounting 成本会计 Cost Accounting 私业会计 Private Accounting 公众会计 Public Accounting 注册会计师 CPA Certified Public Accountant 国际会计准则委员会 IASC 美国注册会计师协会 AICPA 财务会计准则委员会 FASB 管理会计协会 IMA 美国会计学会 AAA 税务稽核署 IRS 独资企业 Proprietorship 合伙人企业 Partnership 公司 Corporation
会计目标 Accounting Objectives 会计假设 Accounting Assumptions 会计要素 Accounting Elements 会计原则 Accounting Principles 会计实务过程 Accounting Procedures 财务报表 Financial Statements 财务分析Financial Analysis 会计主体假设 Separate-entity Assumption 货币计量假设 Unit-of-measure Assumption 持续经营假设 Continuity(Going-concern) Assumption 会计分期假设 Time-period Assumption 资产 Asset 负债 Liability 业主权益 Owner's Equity 收入 Revenue 费用 Expense 收益 Income 亏损 Loss 历史成本原则 Cost Principle 收入实现原则 Revenue Principle 配比原则 Matching Principle
期期末测试题 Ⅰ、Translate The Following Terms Into Chinese 、 1、entity concept 主题概念 2、depreciation折旧 3、double entry system 4、inventories 5、stable monetary unit 6、opening balance 7、current asset 8、financial report 9、prepaid expense 10、internal control 11、cash flow statement 12、cash basis 13、tangible fixed asset 14、managerial accounting 15、current liability 16、internal control 17、sales return and allowance 18、financial position 19、balance sheet 20、direct write-off method Ⅱ、Translate The Following Sentences Into Chinese 、 1、Accounting is often described as an information system、It is the system that measures business activities, processes into reports and communicates these findings to decision makers、 2、The primary users of financial information are investors and creditors、Secondary users include the public, government regulatory agencies, employees, customers, suppliers, industry groups, labor unions, other companies, and academic researchers、 3、There are two sources of assets、One is liabilities and the other is owner’s equity、Liabilities are obligations of an entity arising from past transactions or events, the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets or services in the future、 资产有两个来源，一个就是负债，另一个就是所有者权益。负债就是由过去得交易或事件产生得实体得义务，其结算可能导致未来资产或服务得转让或使用。 4、Accounting elements are basic classification of accounting practices、They are essential units to present the financial position and operating result of an entity、In China, we have six groups of accounting elements、They are assets, liabilities, owner’s equity, revenue, expense and profit (income)、会计要素就是会计实践得基础分类。它们就是保护财务状况与实体经营
财务术语中英文对照大全，财务人必备！ 2015-05-28注册会计师注册会计师 知道“会计”的英语怎么说吗？不会？那可真够无语的额！ 想要进入外资企业做会计？想要进入四大会计师事务所工作？好的英语水平是必不可少的！所以小编特地整理了财务数中英文大全，赶紧从基础英语学起，拿起笔做好笔记吧！ 增加见识也好，装装逼也行。 目录 一、会计与会计理论 二、会计循环 三、现金与应收账款 四、存货 五、长期投资 六、固定资产 七、无形资产
八、流动负债 九、长期负债 十、业主权益 十一、财务报表 十二、财务状况变动表 十三、财务报表分析 十四、合并财务报表 十五、物价变动中的会计计量 一、会计与会计理论 会计accounting 决策人Decision Maker 投资人Investor 股东Shareholder 债权人Creditor 财务会计Financial Accounting 管理会计Management Accounting 成本会计Cost Accounting
私业会计Private Accounting 公众会计Public Accounting 注册会计师CPA Certified Public Accountant 国际会计准则委员会IASC 美国注册会计师协会AICPA 财务会计准则委员会FASB 管理会计协会IMA 美国会计学会AAA 税务稽核署IRS 独资企业Proprietorship 合伙人企业Partnership 公司Corporation 会计目标Accounting Objectives 会计假设Accounting Assumptions 会计要素Accounting Elements 会计原则Accounting Principles 会计实务过程Accounting Procedures 财务报表Financial Statements 财务分析Financial Analysis 会计主体假设Separate-entity Assumption 货币计量假设Unit-of-measure Assumption 持续经营假设Continuity(Going-concern) Assumption
Unit 1 Financial information about a business is needed by many outsiders .These outsiders include owners, bankers, other creditors, potential investors, labor unions, government agencies ,and the public ,because all these groups have supplied money to the business or have some other interest in the business that will be served by information about its financial position and operating results. 许多企业外部的人士需要有关企业的财务信息，这些外部人员包括所有者、银行家、其他债权人、潜在投资者、工会、政府机构和公众，因为这些群体对企业投入了资金，或享有某些利益，所以必须得到企业财务状况和经营成果信息。 Unit 2 Each proprietorship, partnership, and corporation is a separate entity. 每一独资企业、合伙企业和股份公司都是一个单独的主体。 In accrual accounting, the impact of events on assets and equities is recognized on the accounting records in the time periods when services are rendered or utilized instead of when cash is received or disbursed. That is revenue is recognized as it is earned, and expenses are recognized as they are incurred –not when cash changes hands .if the cash basis accounting were used instead of the accrual basis, revenue and expense recognition would depend solely on the timing of various cash receipts and disbursements. 在权责发生制下，视服务的提供而非现金的收付在本期对资产和权益的影响作出会计记录。即，收入是在赚取时确认，费用是在发生时确认——而不是在现金转手时。如果现金收付制替代权责发生制，那么收入和费用仅仅依靠各种现金收付活动的时间确定来确认。 Unit 3 During each accounting year ,a sequence of accounting procedures called the accounting cycle is completed. 在每一会计年度内，要依次完成被称为会计循环的会计程序。 Transactions are analyzed on the basis of the business documents known as source documents and are recorded in either the general journal or the special journal, i. e . the sales journal ,the purchases journal (invoice register ) ,cash receipts journal and cash disbursements journal . 根据业务凭证即原始凭证分析各项交易，并记入普通日记账或特种日记账，也就是销货日记账，购货日记账（发票登记簿），现金收入日记账和现金支出日记账。 A trial balance is prepared from the account balance in the ledger to prove the equality of debits and credits. 根据分类账户的余额编制试算平衡表，借以验证借项和贷项是否相等。 A T-account has a left-hand side and a right-hand side, called respectively the debit side and credit side. 一个T 型账户有左方和右方，分别称做借方和贷方。 After transactions are entered ,account balance (the difference between the sum of its debits and the sum of its credits ) can be computed.
专业词汇汇总表 Chapter 1 Non-for-profits organization 非赢利组织Service 服务 Manufacture生产 Merchandise 商品 Accounting会计 Management管理层 Accounting system记帐系统 Financial accounting财务会计Financial report财务报告 Decision-making决策制定 Audit 审计 Management accounting管理会计Cost accounting成本会计 Operating cost 生产费用，营业成本Budgeting预算 Accumulate累积 Accounting process核算过程Transaction交易,业务 Events事项 Expenses费用
Income收入 Identify确认 Measure计量 Record记录 Communicate沟通 Financial position财务状况Performance经营 Entity实体 Enterprise企业 Balance sheet 资产负债表 Statement of financial position财务状况表Equity权益 Debt债务 Return回报 Creditors债权人 Supplier供应商 Customer客户 Economic resource经济资源 Financial structure财务结构 Liquidity流动性 Solvency偿债能力 Cash现金
Cash equivalents现金等价物 Financial performance 财务业绩 Accrual basis权责发生制 Assets资产 Liabilities负债 Equity权益 Going concern永续经营 Liquidate清算，清盘（破产公司） Economic entity经济实体 Unit of measurement货币计量 Accounting period会计分期 GAAP （general accepted accounting principle）一般公认会计准则 Profitability获利能力 China Securities Regulatory Commission(CSRC) 中国证监会Listed company上市公司 Disclose披露 Understandability可理解性 Relevance相关性 Reliability可靠性 Comparability可比性
1．The accounting equation and the balance sheet Accounting 会计 Assets 资产 Balance sheet 资产负债表 Bookkeeping 笔记 Budget 预算表 Capital 资本 Creditor 应付账款 Debtor 应收账款 Equity 股东基金 Horizontal balance sheet 横式资产负债表 Liabilities 负债 V ertical balance sheets 竖式资产负债表 2．The double entry system for assets, liabilities and capital Account 帐户 Credit 借方 Debit 贷方 Double entry bookkeeping 复式笔记 3 The asset of stock Purchases 购
Returns inwards 销货退回 Returns outwards 购货退出 Sales 销货 4 The effect of profit or loss on capital and the double entry system for expenses and revenues Drawings 提取 Expenses 费用 Profit 利润 Revenues 收入 5 Balancing off accounts Balancing the account 平帐 6 The trial balance Trial balance 试算表 7 Trading and profit and loss account: an introduction Gross loss 毛损 Gross profit 毛利润 Net loss 纯损 Net profit 纯利
会计专业英语期末考试练习卷(new)
1. The economic resources of a business are called : B A. Owner ’s Equity B. Assets C. Accounting equation D. Liabilities 2. DTK Company has a $3500 accounts receivable from GRS Company. On January 20, GRS Company makes a partial payment of $210 0 to DTK Company. The journal entry made on January 20 by DTK Company to record this transaction includes: D A. A debit to the cash receivable account of $2100. B. A credit to the accounts receivable account of $2100. C. A debit to the cash account of $1400. D. A debit to the accounts receivable account of $1400. 3. In general terms, financial assets appear in the balance sheet at: A A. Face value. 账面价值 B. Current value. 现值 C. Market value. 市场价值 D. Estimated future sales value. 4. Each of the following measures strengthens intern al control over cash receipts except : D A. The use of a voucher system. B. Preparation of a daily listing of all checks received through the mail. C. The deposit of cash receipts intact in the bank on a daily basis. D. The use of cash registers. 5. Which of the following items is the greatest in dollar amount? D A. Beginning inventory B. Cost of goods sold. C. Cost of goods available for sale D. Ending inventory 6. Why do companies prefer the LIFO inventory 后进先出法method during a period of rising prices? B A. Higher reported income B. Lower income taxes C. Lower reported income D. Higher ending inventory 7. Which of the following characteristics would prevent an item from being included in the classification of plant and equipment? D A. Intangible
?accounting 会计、会计学 ?account 账户 ?account for / as 核算 ?certified public accountant / CPA 注册会计师?chief financial officer 财务总监?budgeting 预算 ?auditing 审计 ?agency 机构 ?fair value 公允价值 ?historical cost 历史成本?replacement cost 重置成本?reimbursement 偿还、补偿?executive 行政部门、行政人员?measure 计量 ?tax returns 纳税申报表 ?tax exempt 免税 ?director 懂事长 ?board of director 董事会 ?ethics of accounting 会计职业道德?integrity 诚信 ?competence 能力 ?business transaction 经济交易?account payee 转账支票?accounting data 会计数据、信息?accounting equation 会计等式?account title 会计科目 ?assets 资产 ?liabilities 负债 ?owners’ equity 所有者权益 ?revenue 收入 ?income 收益
?gains 利得 ?abnormal loss 非常损失 ?bookkeeping 账簿、簿记 ?double-entry system 复式记账法 ?tax bearer 纳税人 ?custom duties 关税 ?consumption tax 消费税 ?service fees earned 服务性收入 ?value added tax / VAT 增值税?enterprise income tax 企业所得税?individual income tax 个人所得税?withdrawal / withdrew 提款、撤资?balance 余额 ?mortgage 抵押 ?incur 产生、招致 ?apportion 分配、分摊 ?accounting cycle会计循环、会计周期?entry分录、记录 ?trial balance试算平衡?worksheet 工作草表、工作底稿?post reference / post .ref过账依据、过账参考?debit 借、借方 ?credit 贷、贷方、信用 ?summary/ explanation 摘要?insurance 保险 ?premium policy 保险单 ?current assets 流动资产 ?long-term assets 长期资产 ?property 财产、物资 ?cash / currency 货币资金、现金
一.专业术语 Accelerated Depreciation Method 计算折旧时，初期所提的折旧大于后期各年。加速折旧法主要包括余额递减折旧法 declining balance depreciation，双倍余额递减折旧法 double declining balance depreciation，年限总额折旧法 sum of the years' depreciation Account 科目，帐户 Account format 帐户式 Account payable 应付帐款 Account receivable 应收帐款 Accounting cycle 会计循环，指按顺序进行记录，归类，汇总和编表的全过程。在连续的会计期间周而复始的循环进行 Accounting equation 会计等式：资产= 负债+ 业主权益 Accounts receivable turnover 应收帐款周转率：一个时期的赊销净额/ 应收帐款平均余额 Accrual basis accounting 应记制，债权发生制：以应收应付为计算基础，以确定本期收益与费用的一种方式。凡应属本期的收益于费用，不论其款项是否以收付，均作为本期收益和费用处理。 Accrued dividend 应计股利 Accrued expense 应记费用：指本期已经发生而尚未支付的各项费用。 Accrued revenue 应记收入 Accumulated depreciation 累计折旧 Acid-test ratio 酸性试验比率，企业速动资产与流动负债的比率，又称quick ratio Acquisition cost 购置成本 Adjusted trial balance 调整后试算表，指已作调整分录但尚未作结账分录的试算表。 Adjusting entry 调整分录：在会计期末所做的分录，将会计期内因某些原因而未曾记录或未适当记录的会计事项予以记录入帐。 Adverse 应收帐款的帐龄分类 Aging of accounts receivable 应收帐款的帐龄分类 Allocable 应分配的 Allowance for bad debts 备抵坏帐 Allowance for depreciation 备抵折旧 Allowance for doubtful accounts 呆帐备抵 Allowance for uncollectible accounts 呆帐备抵 Allowance method 备抵法：用备抵帐户作为各项资产帐户的抵销帐户，以使交易的费用与收入相互配合的方法。 Amortization 摊销,清偿 Annuity due 期初年金 Annuity method 年金法 Appraisal method 估价法 Asset 资产 Bad debt 坏帐 Bad debt expense 坏帐费用：将坏帐传人费用帐户，冲销应收帐款 Balance sheet 资产负债表 Bank discount 银行贴现折价 Bank reconciliation 银行往来调节：企业自身的存款帐户余额和银行对帐单的余额不符时，应对未达帐进行调节。 Bank statement 银行对帐单，银行每月寄给活期存款客户的对帐单，列明存款兑现支票和服务费用。
. 1. Accounting first is an economic calculation. Economic calculation includes both static phenomenon on the economy's stock of the situation, including the situation of the period of dynamic flow, including both pre-calculated plan, but also after the actual calculation. Accounting is a typical example of economic calculation, calculation of economic calculation in addition to accounting, which includes statistical computing and business computing. 2. Accounting is an economic information systems. It would be a company dispersed into the business activities of a group of objective data, providing the company's performance, problems, and enterprise funds, labor, ownership, income, costs, profits， debt, and other information. Clearly, the accounting is to provide financial information-based economy information systems, business is the licensing of a points, thus accounting has been called "corporate language." 3. Accounting is an economic management.The accounting is social production develops to a certain stage of the product development and production is to meet the needs of the management, especially with the development of the commodity economy and the emergence of competition in the market through demand management on the economy activities strict control and supervision. At the same time, the content and form of accounting constantly improve and change, from a purely accounting, scores, mainly for accounting operations, external submit accounting statements, as in prior operating forecasts, decision-making, on the matter of economic activities control and supervision, in hindsight, check. Clearly, accounting whether past, present or future, it is people's economic management activities.
《财会专业英语》期终试卷 I.Put the following into corresponding groups. (15 points) 1.Cash on hand 2.Notes receivable 3.Advances to suppliers 4. Other receivables 5.Short-term loans 6.Intangible assets 7.Cost of production 8.Current year profit 9. Capital reserve 10.Long-term loans 11.Other payables 12. Con-operating expenses 13.Financial expenses 14.Cost of sale 15. Accrued payroll II.Please find the best answers to the following questions. (25 Points) 1. Aftin Co. performs services on account when Aftin collects the account receivable A.assets increase B.assets do not change C.owner’s equity d ecreases D.liabilities decrease 2. A balance sheet report . A. the assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity on a particular date B. the change in the owner’s capital during the period C. the cash receipt and cash payment during the period D. the difference between revenues and expenses during the period 3. The following information about the assets and liabilities at the end of 20 x 1 and 20 x 2 is given below: 20 x 1 20 x 2 Assets $ 75,000 $ 90,000 Liabilities 36,000 45,000 how much the owner’sequity at the end of 20 x 2 ? A.$ 4,500 B.$ 6,000 C.$ 45,000 D.$ 43,000
管理会计专业术语词汇大全(英文版)
changes. Batch-level activities Activities that are performed each time a batch is produced. Benchmarking An approach that uses best practices as the standard for evaluating activity performance. Best-fitting line The line that fits a set of data points the best in the sense that the sum of the squared deviations of the data points from the line is the smallest. Binding constraints Constraints whose resources are fully utilized. Break-even point The point where total sales revenue equals total costs; the point of zero profits. Activity output The result or product of an activity. Activity output measure The number of times an activity is performed. It is the quantifiable measure of the output. Activity reduction Decreasing the time and resources required by an activity. Activity selection The process of choosing among sets of activities caused by competing strategies. Activity sharing Increasing the efficiency of necessary activities by using economies of scale. Activity volume variance The cost of the actual activity capacity acquired and the capacity that should be used. Activity-based cost (ABC) system A cost system that first traces costs to activities and then traces costs from activities to products. Activity-based costing (ABC) A cost assignment approach that first uses direct and driver tracing to assign costs to activities and then uses drivers to assign costs to cost objects. Activity-based management (ABM) A systemwide, integrated approach that
会计专业英语 business 企业商业业务 financial risk 财务风险 sole proprietorship 私人业主制企业 partnership 合伙制企业 limited partner 有限责任合伙人 general partner 一般合伙人 separation of ownership and control 所有权与经营权分离 claim 要求主张要求权 management buyout 管理层收 tender offer 要约收购 financial standards 财务准则 initial public offering 首次公开发行股票 private corporation 私募公司未上市公司 closely held corporation 控股公司 board of directors 董事会 executove director 执行董事 non- executove director 非执行董事chairperson 主席 controller 主计长 treasurer 司库 revenue 收入 profit 利润 earnings per share 每股盈余 return 回报 market share 市场份额 social good 社会福利 financial distress 财务困境 stakeholder theory 利益相关者理论 value (wealth) maximization 价值（财富）最大化 common stockholder 普通股股东preferred stockholder 优先股股东 debt holder 债权人 well-being 福利diversity 多样化 going concern 持续的 agency problem 代理问题 free-riding problem 搭便车问题 information asymmetry 信息不对称 retail investor 散户投资者 institutional investor 机构投资者 agency relationship 代理关系 net present value 净现值 creative accounting 创造性会计 stock option 股票期权 agency cost 代理成本bonding cost 契约成本 monitoring costs 监督成本 takeover 接管corporate annual reports 公司年报 balance sheet 资产负债表 income statement 利润表 statement of cash flows 现金流量表 statement of retained earnings 留存收益表 fair market value 公允市场价值marketable securities 油价证券 check 支票 money order 拨款但、汇款单withdrawal 提款 accounts receivable 应收账 credit sale 赊销inventory 存货 property,plant,and equipment 土地、厂房与设备depreciation 折旧 accumulated depreciation 累计折旧
考研会计专业英语试题 1.Give a brief explanation for the following terms(10%） (1)Journal entry (2)Going concern (3)Matching principle (4)Working capital (5)Revenue expenditure 2.Please read the following passage carefully and fill in each of the 11 blanks with a word most appropriate to the content (10%） (1)The double-entry system of accounting takes its name from the fact that every business transaction is recorded by (____)types of entries： 1： (_____)entries to one or more accounts and 2credit entries to one or more accounts. In recording any transaction,the total dollar amount of the (______)entries must (_____)the total dollar amount of credit entries. (2)Often a transaction affects revenues or expenses of two or more different periods,in these cases，an (_____)entries are needed to (_____)to each period the appropriate amounts of revenues and expenses. These entries are performed at the (_____)of each accounting period but (_____)to preparing the financial statements. (3)Marketable securities are highly (_____)investments,primarily in share stocks and bounds，(____)can be sold (_____)quoted market prices in organized securities exchanges. 3.Translate the following Chinese statements into English (18%） (1)财务报表反映一个企业的财务状况和经营成果，是根据公认会计准则编制的。这些报表是为许多不同的决策者，许多不同的目的而提供的。 纳税申报单则反映应税收益的计算，是由税法和税则规定的概念。在许多情况下，税法和公认会计准则相似，但两者却存在实质上的不同。 (2)审计师不保证财务报表的准确性，他们仅就财务报表的公允性发表专家意见。然而注册会计师事务所的声誉来自于他们对审计工作的一丝不苟和审计报告的可靠性。