2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
管理类专业硕士学位联考英语（二）试卷
Section I Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）
Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 ，when done too often , this habit can sometimes hurt more that it 2 ，Weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active, to focusing 3 on the scale. That was counterproductive to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training regimen. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.
I also found weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice significant changes in weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.
For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to 11 my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program.
I also use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to provide information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.
The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I am experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I’m training according to those goals, instead of numbers on a scale.
Rather than 20 over the scale,turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.
1. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. However D. Besides
2. A. cares B. warns C. reduces D. helps
3. A. solely B. occasionally C. formally D. initially
4. A. lowering B. explaining C. accepting D. recording
5. A. set B. review C. reach D. modify
6. A. depiction B. distribution C. prediction D. definition
7. A. regardless of B. aside from C. along with D. due to
8. A. rigid B. precise C. immediate D. orderly
9. A. judgments B. reasons C. methods D. claims
10. A. though B. again C. indeed D. instead
11. A. trash B. overlook C. conceal D. report
12. A. approve of B. hold onto C. account for D. depend on
13. A. share B. adjust C. confirm D. prepare
14. A. features B. rules C. tests D. results
15. A. anxious B. hungry C. sick D. bored
16. A. secret B. belief C. sign D. principle
17. A. necessity B. decision C. wish D. request
18. A. surprising B. restricting C. consuming D. disappointing
19. A. because B. unless C. until D. if
20. A. dominating B. puzzling C. triumphing D. obsessing
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answer on answer sheet.（40 points）
Text1
Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends – and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing: A child who claims responsibility for knocking over a tower and tries to rebuild it is engaging in behavior that’s not only reparative but also prosaically.
In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It evokes Freud’s ideas and religious hang-ups. More important, guilt is deeply uncomfortable—it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Who would inflict it upon a child? Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” Vaish says, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren’t binary—feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happiness (think mania) can be destructive.
And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to atone for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.
Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy (and its close
cousin empathy) may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.
In a 2014 study, for example, Malti and a colleague looked at 244 children, ages 4, 8, and 12. Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, they rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions (like guilt and sadness) after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed stickers and chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadn’t magically become more sympathetic to the other child’s deprivation.
21. Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help__________.
A. regulate a child’s basic emotions
B. improve a child’s intellectual ability
C. intensify a child’s positive feelings
D. foster a child’s moral development
22. According to Paragraph 2, many people still guilt to be _________.
A. deceptive
B. addictive
C. burdensome
D. inexcusable
23. Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that________.
A. an emotion can play opposing roles
B. emotions are socially constructive
C. emotional stability can benefit health
D. emotions are context -independent
24. Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing_______.
A. may help correct emotional deficiencies
B. can bring about emotional satisfaction
C. can result from either sympathy or guilt
D. may be the outcome of impulsive acts
25. The word “transgressions” (line4 para5) is closest in meaning to________.
A. wrongdoings
B. discussions
C. restrictions
D. teachings
Text 2
Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we
produce, we are threatening their ability to do so. The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.
Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap -- but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable "carbon sinks" long into the future may require reducing their capacity to sequester carbon now. California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.
The state’s proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest, including by controlled burning. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forest's capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off bark beetles. The landscape is rendered less combustible. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed.
The need for such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 2010, drought and beetles have killed more than 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have scorched hundreds of thousands of acres.
California’s plan envisions treating 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030 -- financed from the proceeds of the state's emissions-permit auctions. That's only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, an estimated half a million acres in all, so it will be important to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.
The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber, burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels, or used in compost or animal feed. New research on transportation biofuels is under way, and the state plans to encourage lumber production close to forest lands. In future the state proposes to take an inventory of its forests' carbon-storing capacity every five years.
State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, including those owned by the U.S. Forest Service, but traditionally they’ve focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. California’s plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor early next year, should serve as a model.
26. By saying “one of the harder challenges,” the author implies that _
A. forests may become a potential threat
B. people may misunderstand global warming
C. extreme weather conditions may arise
D. global climate change may get out of control
27. To maintain forests as valuable “carbon sinks,” we may need to __
A. lower their present carbon-absorbing capacity
B. strike a balance among different plants
C. accelerate the growth of young trees
D. preserve the diversity of species in them
28. California’s Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to __
A. cultivate more drought-resistant trees
B. fin more effective ways to kill insects
C. reduce the density of some of its forests
D. restore its forests quickly after wildfires
29. What is essential to California’s plan according to paragraph 5?
A. To carry it out before the year of 2020
B. To handle the areas in serious danger first
C. To perfect the emissions-permit auctions
D. To obtain enough financial support
30. The author’s attitude to California’s plan can best be described as __ _
A. ambiguous
B. tolerant
C. cautious
D. supportive
Text3
American farmers have been complaining of labor shortages for several years now. The complaints are unlikely to stop without an overhaul of immigration rules for farm workers.Efforts to create a more straightforward agricultural-workers visa that would enable foreign workers to stay longer in the U.S. and change jobs within the industry have so far failed in Congress. If this doesn't change, American businesses, communities and consumers will be the losers.
Perhaps half of U.S. farm laborers are undocumented immigrants. As fewer such workers enter the U.S., the characteristics of the agricultural workforce are changing. Today's farm laborers, while still predominantly born in Mexico, are more likely to be settled, rather than migrating, and more likely to be married than single. They are also aging. At the start of this century, about one-third of crop workers were over the age of 35. Now, more than half are. And crop picking is hard on older bodies.
One oft-debated cure for this labor shortage remains as implausible as it has been all along: Native U.S. workers won't be returning to the farm.
Mechanization is not the answer either----not yet at least. Production of corn, cotton, rice, soybeans and wheat have been largely mechanized, but many high-value, labor-intensive crops, such as strawberries, need labor. Even dairy farms, where robots currently do only a small share of milking, have a long way to go before they are automated.
As a result, farms have grown increasingly reliant on temporary guest workers using the H-2A visa to fill the gaps in the agricultural workforce. Starting around 2012, requests for the visas rose sharply; from 2011 to 2016 the number of visas issued more than doubled.
The H-2A visa has no numerical cap, unlike the H-2B visa for nonagricultural work, which is limited to 66,000 annually. Even so, employers frequently complain that they aren't allotted all the workers they need. The process is cumbersome, expensive and unreliable. One survey found that bureaucratic delays led H-2A workers to arrive on the job an average of 22 days late. And the shortage is compounded by federal immigration raids, which remove some workers and drive others underground.
In effect, the U.S. can import food or it can import the workers who pick it. The U.S. needs a simpler, streamlined, multi-year visa for agricultural workers, accompanied by
measures to guard against exploitation and a viable path to U.S. residency for workers who meet the requirements. Otherwise growers will continue to struggle with shortages and uncertainty, and the country as a whole will lose out.
31. What problem should be addressed according to the first two paragraphs?
A. Discrimination against foreign workers in the U.S.
B. Biased laws in favor of some American businesses.
C. Flaws in U.S. immigration rules for farm workers
D. Decline of job opportunities in U. S. agriculture
32. One trouble with U.S. agricultural workforce is ?
A. the rising number of illegal immigrants
B. the high mobility of crop workers
C. the lack of experienced laborers
D. the aging of immigrant farm workers
33. What is the much-argued solution the labor shortage in U.S. farming?
A. To attract younger laborers to farm work.
B. To get native U.S. workers back farming
C. To use more robots to grow high-value crops
D. To strengthen financial support for farmers.
34. Agricultural employers complain about the H-2A visa for its
A .slow granting procedures
B. limit on duration of stay
C. tightened requirements
D. control of annual admissions
35. Which of the following could be the best title for this text?
A. U.S. Agriculture in Decline?
B. Import Food or Labor?
C. America Saved by Mexico?
D. Manpower VS. Automation?
Text 4
Arnold Schwarzenegger, Dia Mirza and Adrian Grenier have a message for you: It’s easy to beat plastic. They’re part of a bunch of celebrities staring in a new video for World Environment Day-encouraging you, the consumer, to swap out your single-use Plastic staples to combat the plastic crisis.
My biggest concern with leaving it up to the individual, however, is our limited sense of what needs to be achieved. On their own, taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws，for example, will accomplish little and require very little of us. They could even be detrimental, satisfying a need to have "done our bit" without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions---a kind of "moral licensing" that allays our concerns
and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.
While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it remains centered on shopping bags and straws, we're ignoring the balance of power that implies that as "consumers" we must shop sustainably, rather than as "citizens" hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change. Nowhere in World Environment Day 2018's key messages is there anything about voting for environmentally progressive politicians, for example. Why not?
It’s important to acknowledge that the environment isn’t everyone’s priority-or even most people’s. We shouldn’t expect it to be .In her latest book, Why Could People Do Bad Environmental Things, Wellesley College professor Elizabeth R. De Sombre argue that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is for the change to be structural.
This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action, or banning single-use plastics altogether. India has just announced it will” eliminate all single-use plastic in the country by 2022.” There are also incentive-based ways of making better environmental choices easier, such as ensuring recycling is at least as easy as trash disposal.
De Sombre isn’t saying people should stop caring about the environment. It’s just that individual actions are too slow, she says, for that to be only, or even primary, approach to changing widespread behavior.
None of this is about writing off the individual. It’s just about putting things into perspective. We don’t have time to wait. We need progressive policies that shape collective action (and rein in polluting business), alongside engaged citizens pushing for change. That’s not something we can buy
36. Some celebrities star in a new video to
A. demand new laws on the use of plastics
B. urge consumers to cut the use of plastics
C. invite public opinion on the plastics crisis
D. disclose the causes of the plastics crisis
37. The author is concerned that “moral licensing” may
A. mislead us into doing worthless things
B. prevent us from making further efforts
C. weaken our sense of accomplishment
D. suppress our desire for success
38. By pointing out our identity as “citizens," the author indicates that
A. our focus should be shifted to community welfare
B. our relationship with local industries is improving
C. we have been actively exercising our civil rights
D. We should press our governments to lead the combat
39. De Sombre argues that the best way for a collective change should be
A. a win-win arrangement
B. a self-driven mechanism
C. a cost- effective approach
D. a top down process
40 .The author concludes that individual efforts
A. Can be too aggressive
B. are far from sufficient
C. can be too inconsistent
D. are far from rational
Part B
Directions:you are going to read a list of headings and a text, choose the most suitable heading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）
How seriously should parent take kid’s opinions when searching for a home?
In choosing a new home, Camille Mc Clain’s kids have a single demand a backyard. That seemingly reasonable request turned the Chicago family’s home hunt upside down, as there weren’t many three-bedroom apartments on the North Side — where the family was looking — that came with yard space. Still, McClain and her husband chose to honor their 4- and 6-year-old’s request.
“We worked with a few apartment brokers, and it was strange that many of them didn’t even know if there was outdoor space, so they’d bring us to an apartment, we’d see that it didn’t have a yard, and we’d move on,” said McClain, who runs Merry Music Makers in Lakeview, a business focused on music education for children.
McClain’s little ones aren’t the only kids who have an opinion when it comes to housing, and in many cases youngsters’ views weigh heavily on parents’ real estate decisions, according to a 2018 Harris Poll survey of more than 2,000 U.S. adults.
Renters paid attention to their kids’ preferences even more: 83 percent said their children’s opinions will be a factor when they buy a home.
The idea of involving children in a big decision is a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, said Ryan Hooper, clinical psychologist in Chicago.
“Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,” he said.
Younger children should feel like they’re choosing their home — without actually getting a choice in the matter, said Adam Bailey, real estate attorney based in New York and author of the upcoming children’s book “Home,” about the search for the perfect home from the viewpoint of a child.
Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home — or asking them where their toys would go in the house — will make them feel like they’re being
included in the decision-making process, Bailey said.
Many of the aspects of homebuying aren’t a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif. And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.
She has a client who has been house-hunting for a while, and he always asks his young children their opinion. But when this buyer finally decided to write an offer on a home with a pool, his children burst into tears because they didn’t want a pool.
“They ended up not submitting an offer,” Hampson said. “So speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldn’t base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions.”
The other issue is that many children — especially older ones — may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, which tend to focus on superficial aspects of real estate, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside, Calif.
“They love Chip and Julie Gaines just as much as the rest of us,” he said. “HGTV has seriously changed how people view real estate. It’s not shelter, it’s a lifestyle. With that mindset change comes some serious money consequences.”
Kids tend to get stuck in the features and the immediate benefits to them personally, Norris said. And while their opinions on those elements shouldn’t reign supreme, the home buying process could be a time to start talking to kids about money, budgeting, homeownership and other financial decisions.
“Their opinions can change tomorrow,” Gurner said. “As as harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made contingent on a child’s opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best — and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own.”
This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children, despite the current housing crunch.
Today, wannabe homebuyers have to be more open when it comes to must-haves and what you can compromise on, Hampson said.
And speaking of compromise: The McClain kids, hungry for outdoor space, fell in love with a home in the North Park neighborhood that had a large yard. But it wasn’t ideal by their parents’ standards.
The family ended up renting a house in North Center that had a smaller yard, but it was still big enough for playtime.
“I had to do a bit of a sales job with the kids since they loved the yard in North Park,” McClain said. “But there’s a hammock they lounge on, a spot to jump rope, a place to play in the sprinkler, and an area to write with sidewalk chalk.”
A. notes that aspects like children’s friends and social
activities should be considered up on homebuying.
41. Ryan Hopper B. Believes that home buying should be based on children′s need′s rather than their opinions.
42. Adam Bailey C. Assumes that many children’s views on real estate are influenced by the media.
43. Tracey Hampson D. remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to
children.
44. Aaron Norris E. says that it is wise to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions.
45. Julie Garner F. advise that home purchase should not be based only on children’s opinions.
G. thinks that children should be given a sense of involvement in homebuying decisions.
Section III Translation
46. Directions: In this section, there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.（15 points）
It is easy to underestimate English writer James Herriot. He had such a pleasant, readable style that are might think that anyone could imitate it. How many times have I heard people say, “I could write a book, I just haven’t the time” Easily said. Not so easily done. James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it, “having a go at the writing game”. While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final polished work that he have to the world was the result of years of practicing, re-writing and reading. Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed. Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literacy field was no exception.
Section IV Writing
Part A
47. Directions: Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic. Write him an email to
1) suggest a specific topic with your reason, and
2) tell him about your arrangement.
You should write about 100 words neatly on your ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name, use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write your address.（10 points）
Part B
48. Directions: in this sections, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart:
(1)interpret the chart, and
(2)give your comments.
You should write at least 150 words.
Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET .（15 points ）
68.10%
26.30%13.00%60.70%34%
24%就业升学创业某高校2013和2018年本科毕业生去向统计
2013
2018
2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
管理类专业硕士学位联考英语（二）参考答案
Section I
1~10: CDAAC ADCBB
10~20: ACBDB CBDAD
Section II
Part A
21~25: DCACA
26~30: AACBD
31~35: CDBAB
36~40: BBDDB
Part B
41. D. remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to children.
42. G. thinks that children should be given a sense of involvement in homebuying decisions.
43. F. advise that home purchase should not be based only on children’s opinions.
44. C. Assumes that many children’s views on real estate are influenced by the media.
45. B. Believes that home buying should be based on children′s need′s rather than their opinions.
Section IV
Part A
小作文与邀请信和通知的具体内容不谋而合，其中间都是活动的具体细节内容。
Dear Professor Smith,
It’s my honor for me to have this opportunity to plan a debate concerning the subject of traffic jam. And I am writing this letter for the purpose of telling you the specific details of this activity.
First of all, the subject of the debate is about traffic jam, because this phenomenon is so serious in our city that everyone pays attention to it. Then the debate will be held on the next Friday at the Students’ Center, and everyone who is interested in can take part in this activity. Finally, three distinguished overseas professors will be invited to be the judge and top ten winners will be awarded with surprising presents.
Thanks for your trust and attention in reading this letter. If you have any question, please feel free to contact me. I am looking forward to your favorable reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
Part B
大作文，其主题是毕业生去向- 就业、升学和创业。
This bar chart records the changes of the proportion of college students’ choosing when they graduate in the year of 2013 and 2018 in a certain university. To be specific, the proportion of college students who choose employment after graduation has been on a decrease, declining to 60.7% in the year of 2018 from 68.1% in the year of 2013. On the contrary, the proportion of further education and self-employment has witnessed a increase, rising by about 8% and 11% respectively.
It’s not difficult for me to come up with some possible reasons that contribute to this phenomenon mentioned above. Maybe the following are the most important. On the one hand, it has a lot to do with the rapid development of our economy and great improvement of our living standard, thus increasing number of college students want to make their dreams—starting their own business--- come true, not just find a job. On the other hand, this phenomenon results from the increasingly fierce competition in the employment market. Thus college students turn to self-employment to solve the problem of employment. And due to the fierce competition, college students need a higher degree in order to find a job which is quite good and handsome income.
Taking all the discussion into account, we may safely draw a conclusion that this phenomenon is much position and hence beneficial. And I firmly believe that this trend will continue in the forthcoming years.
2001年MBA英语真题及答案 考生须知 选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。 交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。 2001年全国攻读工商管理硕士研究生入学考试 英语试题 Section I Vocabulary (10 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 1.The annual------of the department store starts tomorrow.
A stocking. B stocktaking C stockpiling. D stockholding. 2.Remember to ask for a ------of quality for these goods;otherwise they will not offer any maintenance. A warranty. B promise C certificate. D recejpt. 3.In many countries tobacco and medicine are government------. A control. B monopoly C business. D belongings. 4.Bank notes are not usually------into gold nowadays. A inverted. B revertible C convertible. D diverting. 5.I------you that the goods will be delivered next week.
Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 , when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 . As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals. I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost. For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to 11 my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program. I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake. The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I’m experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I’m training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale. Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level. 英语（二）试题-1-（共14 页）
lSection I Vocabulary (10 points) Directions：There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section．For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B，C，and D．Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence．Then blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil． 1．His wife has been _______a lot of pressure on him to change his job． A．taking B．exerting C．giving D．pushing 2．It is estimated that，currently, about 50，000 species become _____every year．A．extinct B．instinct C．distinct D．intense 3．John says that his present job does not provide him with enough ______for his organizing ability． A．scope B．space C．capacity D．range 4．Many _______will be opened up in the future for those with a university education．A．probabilities B．realities C．necessities D．opportunities 5．After his uncle died，the young man _____the beautiful estate with which he changed from a poor man to a wealthy noble． A．inhabited B．inherited C．inhibited D．inhaled 6．The manager is calling on a______ customer trying to talk him into signing the contract． A．prosperous B．preliminary C．pessimistic D．prospective 7．In 1991，while t11e economies of industrialized countries met an economic_____，the economies of developing countries were growing very fast． A．revival B．repression C．recession D．recovery 8．The destruction of the twin towers _________shock and anger throughout the world． A．summoned B．tempted C provoked D．stumbled 9．About 20 of the passengers who were injured in a plane crash are said to be in _____condition． A．decisive B．urgent C．vital D．critical
2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析 考研历年真题一定要用好，研究好。结合大纲和真题来选择辅导用书是最明智的。本文带大家回顾2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析： Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realised just how bad much of the medical literature frequently was. I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia. (46) There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms. Why is so much bad science published? A recent paper, titled “The Natural Selection of Bad Science”, published on the Royal Society’s open science website, attempts to answer this intriguing and important question. It says that the problem is not merely that people do bad science, but that our current system of career advancement positively encourages it. What is important is not truth, but publication, which has become almost an end in itself. There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: (47) nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago. Never mind the quality, then, count the number. (48) Attempts have been made to curb this tendency, for example, by trying to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity int o the assessment of an applicant’s papers. This is the famed citation index, that is to say the number of times a paper has been quoted elsewhere in the scientific literature, the assumption being that an important paper will be cited more often than one of small account. (49) This would be reasonable if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favours. Boiling down an individual’s o utput to simple metrics, such as number of publications or journal impacts, entails considerable savings in time, energy and ambiguity. Unfortunately, the long-term costs of using simple quantitative metrics to assess researcher merit are likely to be quite great. (50) If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reproducible, we must ensure that our institutions encourage that kind of science. 46-50参考答案及解析：
2019年MBA/MPA考研英语（二）真题及答案Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 ,when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 . As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals. I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level,strength and inches lost For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for meto_ 11 _ my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program. I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I'm constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake. The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I'm experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I've also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I'm training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale. Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel how your clothes fit and your overall energy level. 1. [A] Besides [B] Therefore [C]Otherwise [D] However 2. [A] helps [B]cares [C]warns [D] reduces 3. [A] initially [B] solely [C] occasionally [D] formally 4. [A] recording [B] lowering [C] explaining [D] accepting 5. [A] modify [B] set [C]review [D] reach 6. [A] definition [B] depiction [C] distribution [D] prediction 7. [A] due to [B]regardless of [C] aside from [D] along with 8. [A] orderly [B] rigid [C] precise [D] immediate 9. [A] claims [B]judgments [C] reasons [D] methods 10. [A] instead [B]though [C]again [D]indeed 11. [A] report [B] share [C] share [D] share 12. [A] depend on [B]approve of [C]hold onto [D]account for 13. [A] prepare [B]share [C]share [D] share 14. [A] results [B]features [C]rules [D]tests 15. [A] bored [B]anxious [C]hungry [D] sick 16. [A] principle [B]secret [C]belief [D]sign 17. [A] request [B]necessity [C]decision [D]wish 18. [A] disappointing [B]surprising [C]restricting [D]consuming 1
全国管理类联考英语二真题及答案 案 Section I Use of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The Internet affords anonymity to its users， a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web. Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ? Last month，Howard Schmidt，the nation‘s cyber-czar，offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity”system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key，a fingerprint and a photo ID card，all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card，or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services. The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join，and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver‘s license 10 by the government. Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on”systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services. 12 .the approach would create a “walled garden”n cyberspace，with safe “neighborhoods”and bright “streetlights”to establish a sense of a 13 community. Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem”in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ，trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”。 Still，the administration‘s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Internet “drive’s license”mentality. The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts，who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem”envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves，in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 1. A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2. A.for B.within C.while D.though 3. A.careless https://www.doczj.com/doc/c413063709.html,wless C.pointless D.helpless 4. A.reason B.reminder https://www.doczj.com/doc/c413063709.html,promise D.proposal 5. https://www.doczj.com/doc/c413063709.html,rmation B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent 6. A.by B.into C.from D.over
2001年ＭＢA英语真题及答案 考生须知 选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。 交卷时,请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据)。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。 20０1年全国攻读工商管理硕士研究生入学考试 英语试题 Ｓectｉon I V ocａbｕｌary(10 points) Ｄirｅctioｎｓ: Tｈeｒe ａre 20 iｎcｏmplete seｎteｎｃｅｓin this sｅｃtioｎ.Foｒeach seｎten ｃe tｈere are fouｒchoiｃesｍａｒked A，B, C and D. Ｃｈoose tｈｅone ｔｈaｔbest cｏmpｌeｔes tｈe sentenｃe ａnd ｍark youｒansｗerｓon AＮＳWERＳHEET 1. 1.Ｔhｅanｎｕal------ｏf the dｅpartmｅntｓｔｏｒe starts tomorroｗ． A stockiｎg． B stocktakinｇ C sｔockpｉling. Ｄstocｋholdｉng. 2.Remｅmｂer to ａsk foｒａ------of qualitｙfoｒtheseｇoods;oｔｈerwｉｓ e tｈey will ｎot offer any mａintｅｎaｎcｅ. A warrａnty. B proｍｉｓe Cｃｅrtificａｔe．D reｃejpt. 3.In mａnyｃounｔrｉes tｏｂaｃｃo aｎｄmedicineａrｅgoveｒnmenｔ-－--－-．
卷1—阅读译文 第二部分阅读理解 第一节 A 这个夏天你需要一份工作吗？ 省政府及其合作伙伴提供许多项目帮助学生找暑期工作。因项目不同截至日期和所需申请有所不同。 你不是学生？访问政府网站，一年到头都可以了解哪些项目和在线工具帮助30岁以下的人培养技能，找到工作或者创业项目。 为年轻人提供的工作 如果你是住在这个省的青少年，你的条件有可能符合下面的项目，该项目提供八周的带薪工作并提供培训。 谁有资格：选定社区内的15-18岁的青少年。 暑期公司 暑期公司为学生提供实际业务培训，开办暑期公司的奖金最高可达3000美元。谁有资格：15-29岁秋季返回学校继续学业的学生。 青少年管理计划 你可以申请成为管理员，这暑期在当地自然资源管理项目中工作八周。 谁有资格：入职时年满16或者17岁，但在今年12月31日前未满18岁的学生。暑期就业机会 通过暑期就业机会项目，学生每年能在省级公共服务机构、或其相关机构、社区团体中担任暑期职位。 谁有资格：年龄满15岁或者以上的学生。有些职位要求年龄在15-24岁之间，或者29岁以上的身患残疾的学生。 B 今天是纽约帕乔格迦南小学二年级学生的演讲日，现在轮到Chris Palaez了。这个八岁的孩子是班里的王牌。长着一对闪亮的黑色眼睛，他看上去是那种很喜欢公开演讲的孩子。 但是他很紧张，“我今天站在这里是为了告诉你们，你们shou..ld”Chris在“ld”重复着，对很多母语非英语的人这个发音很困难。他的老师Thomas Whaley在他旁边小声地鼓励他，“……选我……”除了有些结巴，Chris做的非常的棒。当他的演讲接近结尾时，Whaley和班级里其他同学给他鼓掌表扬。作为一个移民的儿子，三年前，Chris开始学习一点英语。Whaley回忆最开始的几年，每当叫Chris读课文，他都会借口说去厕所。 学习英语作为第二语言是一种非常痛苦的经历，你需要的是一个很棒的老师，他得允许你犯错。“学习英语需要付出很多，” Whaley解释说“特别是那些将英语作为一种新语言的学生，要有足够的自信去开口说，我不知道，但是我想知道。”Whaley开展这次二年级学生总统竞选活动的想法，源于有一次他问孩子们，认为自己永远不可能成为总统的请举手，孩子们的回答伤到了他的心。Whaley说这个项目不仅是让孩子们学会在公共场合读书或者演讲。他希望孩子们能学会自夸。
M B A联考英语真题及 参考答案 文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 2015年MBA联考英语真题及参考答案 Part I Vocabulary and Structure (10%) Direction: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil. 1. The poor lady was too and distressed to talk about the tragedy. A. engaged B. exhausted C. ignorant D. energetic 2. At fist , the famous painting doesn’t impress the audience at all. A. glance B. gaze C. stare D. view 3. Delegates agree to the plan in , but there were some details they didn’t approve. A. discipline B. theory C. principle D. nature 4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth.
2010年MBA全国考试英语真题和解析 Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and markA,B,C,D on answer sheet1(10points) The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic ___1___ by the Word Health Organization in 41 years. The heightened alert ____2___ an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising _____3___ in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere. But the epidemic is”____4____”in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization’s director general, ____5___ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the ____6___ of any medical treatment. The outbreak came to global ____7____ in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noted an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths ___8_____ healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to ____9____ in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world. In the United States, new cases seemed to fade ____10____ warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009,officials reported there was___11__ flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the ____12____ tested are the new swine flu, also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu. In the U.S, it has____13____more than one million people,and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations. Federal health officials ____14___ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began ___15___ orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is ____16___ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those ___17__ dose were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not ____18 ___ for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other ___19__. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group，health care workers, people ___20____infants and healthy young people. 1. [A]criticized [B]appointed [C]commented [D]designated 2. [A]proceeded [B]activated [C]followed [D]prompted
2019年考研英语一真题及答案详解 Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points） Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1____of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2____ on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3____ you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4____ can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5____ to civilization, one of which is to follow the land… When you find yourself well 6____ a trail, but not in a completely 7____ area, you have to answer two questions:Which 8____ is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water.9____,if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10____ see signs of people. If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11____ how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another12____ : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation.13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14____ gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15____ the woods. Head toward these 16____ to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17____ light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.