Planning and designing railway tunnels with an explicit reference to safety issues is becoming of utmost importance since the combination of high speed,mix goods-passenger traffic and extreme length of the new tunnels under design or concept evaluation,have sensitively modified the inherent safaty of the railway tunnel. Although the probability of occurrence of accidental events may still be considered rather low,the possible consequences of such events in long tunnels can be catastrophic,therefore raising the overall risk to levels that may be no more acceptable. The scope of this paper is to illutrate the state-of-practice related to risk analysis of long railway tunnels. First,ambitious tunnle projects are briefly reviewed. The applicable risk-analysis procedures are then described and discussed. The problem of risk appraisal is addressed and quantitative target safety levels are proposed. Safety systems for risk reduction sre outlined.q2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.All rights reserved.
规划并明确提到安全问题，设计铁路隧道正在成为最重要因为高速的组合，混合货物，旅客运输量和正在设计或概念评估新隧道的最大长度，已敏感地修改了铁路隧道的固有安全性。
虽然偶然事件发生的概率可能仍然被认为是相当低的，在长隧道此类事件可能带来的后果可能是灾难性的，因此提高了整体风险的水平，可能是不接受的。
本文的范围，说明有关长铁路隧道风险分析的国家的做法第一，有事业心隧道工程简要回顾那么适用风险分析程序描述和讨论。
风险评估的问题得到解决和定量目标安全水平提出了建议。
出版Elsevier科学版权所有All Rights 降低风险斯雷outlined.q2000安全系统预留。
The railway is now moving rapidly toward a modern service transportation industry.High Speed Rail(HSR) systems are already operating in many countries such as Japan,England,France,Italy and Germany.A further development of the whole European HSR network is planned.In order to achieve the design velocity up to 300km/h,a considerable part of the routes is in tunnels with lengths greater than 10 km and in some cases of 50 km.Table illustrates a list of exisiting long tunnels worldwide.In this European context,the Commission of the European Communities(CEC) aimed at homogenizing the HSR projects also with respect to the safety issues.However,neither the CEC guidelines nor the existing railway regulations and codes directly address to the problem of quantitatively assessing the safety level for railway systems.
铁路现在是走向现代化的交通运输服务（HSR）系统已经在许多国家，如日本，英国，法国，意大利和Germany.A整个欧洲高铁网络的进一步发展，经营
industry.High高速铁路计划迅速移动。
为了实现在设计速度高达300公里/小时的路由的一个相当大的部分是在与长度大于10千米的隧道，并在50 km.Table的某些情况下，示出已有的长隧道worldwide.In本欧洲上下文的列表，欧洲共同体委员会（CEC）旨在对均质高铁项目也给安全issues.However，无论是CEC的准则，也不是现有铁路的法规和规章直接涉及到定量评估铁路的安全水平问题系统。
Ths is mostly due to the fact that railway transport is considered by railway operators and perceived by the publicee as a safe mean of transportation,This approach to safety might be applic able to traditional railway systems,wich have proven throughout the years their performance;it is,however,not enough to guarantee the safety of railway systems where innovative and particular conditions are present,or of the existing lines that have to be upgraded to new exercise standards.For example,the combination of high-speed transit,high traffice intensity,combined transport of passengers and dangerous goods and extremely long tunnels,might lead to unacceptable safety levels.
部份主要是由于这样的事实，铁路运输是由铁路运营考虑和公众视为交通的安全平均值，该方法安全可能是应用程能够传统铁路系统，至极已多年来证明他们的表现;这然而，没有足够的保证，其中创新性和特殊条件都存在，或者必须升级到新的锻炼standards.For例如现有生产线，高速交通的结合，人流量大的强度铁路系统的安全性，旅客和危险品和极长的隧道联运，可能会导致无法接受的安全水平。
Therefore,the designer has to choose a railway system configuration together with the preventive and mitigative measures of accidents that minimize the risk and ultimately should verify by means of a risk analysis that the obtained safety level is below a predefined target level.The scope of this paper is to illutrate the state-of-practice related to safe tunnel design and associated risk-analysis aspects of long railway tunnel.First,ambitious tunnel projects are briefly reviewed from the safety point of view.The risk-analysis procedures are then described and discussed.The problem of risk appraisal is addressed and quantitative trget safety levels are proposed.Finally,safety system for risk reduction are illustrated.
因此，设计师必须与风险降到最低，最终应通过风险分析所获得的安全水平低于这一预定目标level.The范围的方式核实事故的预防和缓解措施，同时选择一
个铁路系统配置本文旨在说明那么国家的做法涉及到的安全隧道的设计和长铁路tunnel.First的相关风险分析方面，有事业心隧道工程进行了简要从view.The 风险分析程序的安全性审查点进行了描述和风险评估的讨论了问题解决和定量目标安全水平proposed.Finally，降低风险的安全系统所示。
