一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence(AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of chimpanzees(黑猩猩)in the wild. The new software will allow researchers and wildlife conservationists to significantly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published in Science Advances.
For species(物种)like chimpanzees which have complex social lives and live for many years, getting photos of their behavior taken from short-term field research can only tell us so much," says Dan Schofield, researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University's Private Models Lab, School of Anthropology. "By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files, it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term."
The computer model was trained using over 10 million images(影像):from Kyoto University s Primate Research Institute(PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea, West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individual a wide range of poses, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality. "Access to this large video file has allowed us to use deep neural networks to train models to a degree that was previously not possible," says Arsha Nagrad, co-auther of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineer Science, University of Oxford." Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to videos with limited manual intervention(人工干预), saving hours of time."
The technology can be potentially used to monitor species for conservation Although the present application focuses on chimpanzees, the AI software provided will be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve(解决)a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.
（1）What is the purpose of developing the new soft?
A.To save wildlife researchers' time spent in the labs.
B.To keep track of wildlife conservationists' behaviors.
C.To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer.
D.To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.
（2）What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Getting photos.
B.Analyzing videos.
C.A powerful machine
D.The new AI software.
（3）What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A.The working principle of the new software.
B.Some limitations of using the new software.
C.The unique advantages of the new software.
D.Controversial attitudes to the new software.
（4）What can be known from the last paragraph?
A.Technology advance is the final goal of science
B.The new software won't just be applied to chimpanzees.
C.AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.
D.The application of the new technology isn't easy.
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的人工智能软件，这种软件可以识别和追踪黑猩猩的面孔,大大节省了研究者和野生动物保护者的时间，而且它还可以应用到其他的物种研究。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence(AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of chimpanzees(黑猩猩)in the wild. ”可知，新软件的开发是为了识别和追踪野外黑猩猩的面孔。故选D。
（2）考查代词指代。根据第一段的叙述及第二段中的“By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock la rge video files…”可推断it指代第一段中提到的新的人工智能软件。故选D。
（3）考查段落大意。根据第四段的叙述可知，本段主要介绍了新软件与其他软件相比所具有的独特的优势。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The technology can be potentially used to monitor species for conservation Although the present application focuses on chimpanzees, the AI software provided will be applied to other species. 可知，新的软件不仅被用在黑猩猩身上，它还将被用于其他物种。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
A few years back I worked in a university building that also housed a department full of psychologists, all of whom seemed to see us as perfect guinea pigs(豚鼠) for their latest theories. If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I'd cast a careful glance and ask "Why?" before grabbing the apple pie.
So one day, when someone from the Psychology Department posted instructions in the bathroom persuading all of us to "Think about five things for which you're grateful every day for a week!" my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.
I wandered into the office of Heidi Zetzer, the director of our school's Psychological Services Clinic. "What's with the gratitude thing?" I asked. You don't ask an academic question－even a simple one unless you're prepared for a long answer. Heidi came alive, and I sat down. That's
when I first heard the term "positive psychology". The gratitude thing, as I had called it, was but one small and simple element of the practice. "Kind of like training the brain to focus on joy," my friend Heidi explained. "It's only a week," she urged. "Try it." I did. And guess what? It worked. Every day for a week, I found five distinct things for which I was thankful. They had to be different every day. I couldn't get away with just being grateful for my wonderful husband. But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. He's a great cook. He always puts our family first.
Life will never be perfect. I still see new stories that annoy me. The traffic in my city is maddening. I wish I could speed up my recovery. But with just one simple exercise, I'm rediscovering the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I can't change, working without complaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.
And all it took was a little gratitude.
（1）What's the author's attitude toward the student with desserts?
A. Cautious.
B. Respectful.
C. Indifferent.
D. Supportive.（2）Why was the author doubtful about the instructions?
A. Because she thought it wasn't worth the effort.
B. Because she didn't like expressing thanks often.
C. Because she needed to ask her friend to do it first.
D. Because she could do five things every day easily.
（3）What does Collie Conoley suggest the author should do?
A. Be grateful to her wonderful husband.
B. Be thankful for things but not people.
C. Be a great cook and put her family first.
D. Be specific about what she's thankful for.
（4）What's the best title for the text?
A. Don't Be Bothered by Small Things
B. We Can Change Everything If We Want
C. Practicing Gratitude Changed My Life
D. Being Grateful to One Good Person
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，在一个星期的时间里，作者坚持每天都能发现五件她特别感激的事情，而且每天都有所不同。生活永远不会完美。但通过这么一个简单的练习，作者重新发现了那句老话的平和：接受我不能改变的事情，毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的，并且足够明智地知道两者的区别。这只需要一点感激之情。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I'd cast a careful glance and ask ‘Why?’ before grabbing the apple pie.”如果一个心急的研究生拿着甜点出现在我的办公室，让我挑选一种，在抓苹果派之前，我会仔细地看一眼，然后问“为什么?”可知，作者在抓苹果派之前，会仔细地看一眼，然后问“为什么?”。可知，作者对带甜点的学生持有谨慎的态度。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five
things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.”我的反应坦率地说是怀疑的。我算了算。连续7天每天做5件事，甚至连吃苹果派的承诺都没有，那就太费脑力了。可推知，作者认为对“连续7天每天做5件事”的要求充满怀疑，认为太费脑力、不值得去做。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. He's a great cook. He always puts our family first.”但是另一位积极心理学家柯利·康诺利建议道，我可以每天对一个人的某些方面表达我的感激之情。他是个很棒的厨师。他总是把我们的家庭放在第一位。可知，柯利·康诺利建议作者每天对一个人的某些方面表达感激之情。由此可知，柯利·康诺利建议作者具体说明她感激什么。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But with just one simple exercise, I'm rediscovering the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I can't change, working without complaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.”但通过一个简单的练习，我重新发现了那句老话的平和：接受我不能改变的事情，毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的，并且足够明智地知道两者的区别）可知，练习表达感激，改变了作者的观念和生活。由此可知选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息。并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
I spend half of my life with my mother and the other half with my father. My father lives with a twenty-pound cat named Tofu. He calls me his favorite daughter. I am an only child.
My father's apartment is quite different from any other person's living space. Except for my room, there is no furniture. He doesn't like sofas or any comfortable chairs, so he has only a drawing table, a desk and his bed. He spends a lot of time lying on the studio floor. That's how he thinks, he says. Then he does yoga
He has a big kitchen, and on top of the refrigerator is an old clock he winds every week for good luck. The last time the clock stopped, my father's car was towed(被警察拖走) and some other terrible things happened, so he has become very superstitious (迷信的) . When he goes out of town, he hires someone to feed Tofu and wind the clock so it won't stop.
The one thing he has plenty of is house rules. You have to take off your shoes when you come in. He won't allow anyone who wears a baseball cap into his house. He says only baseball players should wear baseball caps and only the catchers should wear them backward. Every time I go to stay in his house, he makes up a new rule. "House rule number 579, no television programs with laugh tracks!" he will say. But then be can never remember the numbers, so they change constantly.
The rule that he always enforces is the one that requires me to write a two-page essay anytime I want something. He didn't speak English until he was sixteen, and he had a hard time learning to write it, so he wants me to become a good writer at an early age. This ritual(仪式)started when I asked him if I could have my ears pierced when I was nine. He said it was very cruel and told me I
couldn't do it until I was thirty-five. But l kept asking him, and he finally said that if I wrote an essay and I could persuade him in writing why I wanted holes in my ears, maybe he would say okay. I wrote my first essay for my father, and after one month of writing and rewriting, he finally gave me his permission.
（1）What is unusual about the father's apartment?
A.It has a large kitchen.
B.The father does yoga at home.
C.It is scarcely furnished.
D.The father spends a lot of time on the floor.
（2）Which of the following is an example of the house rules?
A.Someone is hired to feed Tofu.
B.You can't wear shoes in the house.
C.Baseball players are not allowed into the apartment.
D.The writer can't watch television programs in the apartment.
（3）Which of these statements about the clock is TRUE?
A.It is not an automatic one.
B.Her father doesn't like the clock.
C.It can bring good luck to them.
D.Someone is hired to wind it every week.
（4）We can infer that the writer's father____.
A.was a famous writer
B.was born in the United States
C.was a caring and strict father
D.speaks more than one language
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了自己父亲的生活以及处事原则。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“My father's apartment is quite different from any other person's living space. Except for my room, there is no furniture.”我父亲的公寓和其他人的生活空间大不相同。除了我的房间，没有家具。可知，我父亲公寓的不同寻常之处在于房间里几乎没有家具，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的'You have to take off your shoes when you come in."你进来时必须把鞋脱掉。可知“不能在家里穿鞋”是房屋规则之一，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“When he goes out of town, he hires someone to feed Tofu and wind the clock so it won't stop.”当他出城的时候，他雇人喂Tofu，给钟上弦，这样钟就不会停了。可知选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“He didn't speak English until he was sixteen, and he had a hard time learning to write it, so he wants me to become a good writer at an early age.”他
直到16岁才会说英语，而且他很难学会写英语，所以他希望我在很小的时候就成为一名优秀的作家。可推断出，作者的父亲会说不止一种语言，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
"If they hated me they didn't talk to me about it," says a young German manager at a media firm in Frankfurt. Still, he says it was noticeable that when an employee 20 years older than him thanked him for buying lunch he had to swallow twice before adding the word "boss".
Older workers sometimes envy being managed by a younger colleague. Precocious (老成的) youngsters, too, can feel awkward about bossing their elders around. But in Germany a shortage of skilled workers means that such situations are becoming even more common.
The country's population is projected to shrink. As more Germans retire, fewer youngsters are entering the work-place to replace them. As a share of the working population the number of 15-to-24-year-olds has fallen by ten percent since the 1980s, says the German Federal Employment Agency. Firms competing to hire young talent have to promote them earlier as a result. A paper by professors at the university of Cambridge and WHU, a German business school, to be published in the Journal of Organizational Behavior, suggests this could be a problem.
As in many countries, German work-places are legally obliged to overlook age when deciding whom to promote. Yet according to Jochen Menges, one of the authors, when an ordinary worker leap-frogs a more experienced one it can leave the latter with feelings of "anger, fear and disgust." People tend to judge their own standing by the success of their peers, and to see failure in being bossed about by someone younger. The relationship between feelings of anxiety and the age of the boss is clear, according to Mr Menges. A manager who is younger by one year is somewhat unsettling; a gap of 20 years is far more discouraging.
German firms certainly shouldn't return to a system in which age equals to rank. But young people tend to be sensitive about managing upwards. And older workers should be encouraged to see the bright side of learning new skills. Daimler, a big German car firm, says it promotes age- mixed teams, so that knowledge can be transferred between generations. It also supports young managers by asking retired employees to provide temporary support.
（1）For what does the author mention a young German manager and his experience in Paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To present an argument.
C. To attract readers' interest.
D. To describe his own idea.
（2）Why are some precocious youngsters bossing their elders around in Germany?
A. Precocious youngsters are all skilled workers.
B. Such situations are becoming more common.
C. Fewer youngsters would like to do hard work.
D. Companies compete fiercely to hire young talent.
（3）In which of the following situations might an employee regard himself as a failure according to the passage?
A. When he has to decide whom to promote.
B. When he leap-frogs a more experienced worker.
C. When he is being bossed about by someone younger.
D. When he experiences feelings of anger, fear and disgust.
（4）What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. A younger boss is more likely to be nervous and anxious.
B. An employee with a younger boss tends to suffer from anxiety.
C. There is a connection between anxiety and the age of promotion.
D. The age of the boss and anxiety are closely related.
（5）What can we learn from the passage?
A. Qualified workers should be promoted to boss.
B. Older workers should support younger managers.
C. Older workers are no better than younger colleagues.
D. You are never too old to learn, or too young to manage.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由于德国年轻人数量下降，竞相雇佣年轻人才的公司不得不更早地提拔年轻人来做管理人员，拥有一位年轻的老板对员工无形中也产生了焦虑感。就此应该鼓励老员工看到学习新技能的光明面，以及组建年龄混合的团队。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”Still, he says it was noticeable that when an employee 20 years older than him thanked him for buying lunch he had to swallow twice before adding the word ’boss‘.“不过，他说，值得注意的是，当一名比他大20岁的员工感谢他买了午餐时，他不得不吞下两口，然后才加上“老板”一词。提到的事例以及第二段中的”Older workers sometimes envy being managed by a younger colleague. Precocious youngsters, too, can feel awkward about bossing their elders around. But in Germany a shortage of skilled workers means that such situations are becoming even more common.“年长的员工有时会羡慕被年轻的同事管理。早熟的年轻人也会因为对长辈颐指气使而感到尴尬。但在德国，熟练工人的短缺意味着这种情况变得更加普遍。对第一段的现象进行解释说明，可知作者在第一段中提到了一个年轻的德国经理和他的经历是为了引入主题。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”15-to-24-year-olds has fallen by ten percent since the 1980s, says the German Federal Employment Agency. Firms competing to hire young talent have to promote them earlier as a result.“德国联邦职业介绍所表示，自上世纪80年代以来，15至24岁的年轻人数量下降了10%。因此，竞相雇佣年轻人才的公司不得不更早地提拔他们。可知在德国有些早熟的年轻人对长辈颐指气使，这是因为公司为雇佣年轻人才的激烈竞争，导致年轻人更早地被提拔为管理人员。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的”People tend to judge their own standing by the success of their peers, and to see failure in being bossed about by someone younger.“人们倾向
于根据同龄人的成功来判断自己的地位，并认为被年轻人左右是失败的。可知当员工被更年轻的人颐指气使的时候，他会认为自己是失败的。故选C。
（4）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的”A manager who is younger by one year is somewhat unsettling; a g ap of 20 years is far more discouraging. “一个年轻一岁的经理有点让人不安；20年的差距更让人沮丧。可推知老板年龄越年轻，员工的焦虑感越明显，故可推知划线句子意思是：拥有年轻老板的员工往往会感到焦虑。故选B。
（5）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的”But young people tend to be sensitive about managing upwards. And older workers should be encouraged to see the bright side of learning new skills. Daimler, a big German car firm, says it promotes age- mixed teams, so that knowledge can be transferred between generations. It also supports young managers by asking retired employees to provide temporary support.“但年轻人往往对向上管理很敏感。应该鼓励老员工看到学习新技能的光明面。德国大型汽车公司戴姆勒表示，他们提倡年龄混合的团队，这样知识就可以在几代人之间传递。它还通过要求退休员工提供临时支持来支持年轻的管理者。结合文章主要内容围绕着德国管理者倾向年轻化的问题，主要是说明了人们应当活到老学到老，永远不会因为太年轻而无法管理。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
Road trip
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Plan ahead
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Wild camping appeals to nature lovers and costs nothing. This is forbidden on beaches and parks in most urban areas, but you can turn up in more distant area as long as nobody owns the land. You'll need to take everything with you and may need to shop on eBuy (https://www.doczj.com/doc/c25902230.html,.au). If you're a camping beginner, be aware of safety measures and get your questions answered on the Internet.
Swap meet
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（1）Where can you get the information about motorhomes?
A. https://www.doczj.com/doc/c25902230.html,.au.
B. https://www.doczj.com/doc/c25902230.html,.au.
C. https://www.doczj.com/doc/c25902230.html,.
D. https://www.doczj.com/doc/c25902230.html,.au.（2）What's the advice for camping beginners?
A. Take only what you need.
B. Stay away from no-man's land.
C. Keep in touch with eBuy.
D. Watch out for possible dangers.
（3）What helps to pay less for rooms in a hotel?
A. Waiting for some time before booking.
B. Choosing hotels with four or five stars.
C. Deciding on rooms as early as possible.
D. Bargaining prices through the Internet.
（4）What's the purpose of the text?
A. To show the advantages of online service.
B. To teach the importance of running away from work.
C. To help people have fun at less expense.
D. To introduce new destinations for nature lovers.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，提供了几种节省游玩花费的方式。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Road trip部分中的”To learn more, visit https://www.doczj.com/doc/c25902230.html,.“可知，如果要了解motorhomes的相关信息可以浏览此网站。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据 Back to nature部分中的”If you're a camping beginner, be aware of safety measures and get your questions answered on the Internet.“可知，如果你是首次露营，要注意安全问题，如果有疑问一定要在网上问清楚。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据 Plan ahead部分中的”Find a f ew hotels you like, ask about their vacant rooms, then wait a few weeks and call again. If they still have rooms, you're at an advantage to ask for a better price.“可知，找到想预定的房间后，再等几周进行预定会节省不少费用。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据Road trip部分中的”For just $1 a day, you can hire a fully-equipped motorhome, “一美元一天租用装备完全的motorhome；Plan ahead部分中的”If they still have rooms, you're at an advantage to ask for a better price.“用更少的钱预定房间； Back to nature 部分中的”Wild camping appeals to nature lovers and costs nothing“不花钱露营；和Swap meet部分中的”For a $250 yearly joining cost, you can stay in someone's home in an international place of your choice“250美元一年交换房子居住。可知，本文的主要目的是介绍几种可以花费很低费用的游玩方式。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people—some three million more than the population of New York
City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month.
Although the Russian app has become known for its privacy issues, the more interesting lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐)is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized. I'm surprised by this. Most younger people are in denial (否认)about old age, doing almost nothing to prepare for it. We rarely have a chance to plan for the future, with increasing time and financial pressures. Those pressures bring sacrifices that we may not always want to make: we can no longer afford to spend the time or the money needed to look after our elderly parents.
As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. After a few minutes of the consultation, I understand why: they're not sick, and often they don't feel sick. They just need someone—anyone-to talk to.
Although loneliness has no medical classification, the health effects are real: the result of loneliness and isolation can be as harmful to our health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day, and is more damaging than obesity. But loneliness does not come with nearly enough health warnings. So what next? Since 1980, we are living on average 10 years longer. At the same time, people are having fewer and fewer children, and they are having them much later in life. The snake of a world class health service is eating its own tail; its care is prolonging (延长) people's lives, but as the ratio of pensioners(退休人员)to working -age people increases, there are fewer taxpayers to fund that very health service.
Into this void have stepped NGOs, charities and volunteers. But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest meters of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational(两代间的) cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare, where employers recognize the duty of someone with an elderly parent the same way they recognize those of someone with a newborn child.
（1）The example of FaceApp is used to _____.
A. prove the popularity of it
B. explain the function of it
C. show the progress of technology
D. introduce the topic of aging and loneliness
（2）What makes elderly people without illness go to see their family doctors?
A. Desire to have the consultation.
B. Strong feeling of loneliness.
C. Unclear medical issues.
D. Questions to ask doctors.
（3）How can the oldest members be truly helped?
A. By being treated as children.
B. By going back to the traditional society.
C. By providing family care.
D. By living with other elderly people under the same roof.（4）What can we learn from the passage?
A. The loneliness of elderly people needs more attention.
B. FaceApp's popularity proves it has no security problems.
C. Health service lacks fund because of prolonged peopled lives.
D. FaceApp is helpful in dealing with elderly peopled loneliness.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者由FaceApp话题谈到当今的社会现象——老人感到孤独，他们需要关注。作者认为孤独虽不是病，但它能影响人的健康，所以他呼吁人们像关注新生儿那样关注老人。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段"FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people—some three million more than the population of New York City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month. “；第二段中的”...the more interestin g lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐）is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized.“可知，FaceApp已经风靡全球，用户有机会通过它的算法看到自己的年龄。据报道，在上个月的七天时间里，有1270万人下载了这本书，比纽约市的人口多了300万。它告诉了我们关于我们的社会和我们未来的生活。事实证明，我们对衰老的兴趣比我们意识到的更大。作为一名家庭医生，我可以看到孤独感的蔓延。所以FaceApp主要的功能是通过它的算法使用户看到自己的年龄，接着讲述老人所面临的问题—孤独和衰老。故判断出FaceApp的例子是用来介绍衰老和孤独的话题。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. “可知老人经常去看家庭医生是因为孤独，他们没有生病，只想找人聊聊。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest members of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational（两代间的） cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare“,可知从长期来看我们帮助老年成员的方法是和他们一起居住，并且给予他们婴儿般的关爱。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的”But loneliness does not come with nearly enough health warnings.“可知老人孤独并没有带来足够的健康警示，故推断人们孤独的老人应该得到更多的关注，选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
In 1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a bar-headed goose soar over the peak of Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛). It was thought impossible. Now researchers who raised 19 of the geese—named for the black stripes on the backs of their heads—have shown the birds really fly so high. The team trained the youngsters to fly in a large wind tunnel wearing backpacks and face masks full of sensors that recorded their heart rate. blood oxygen levels, temperature, and metabolic rate—how many calories they burned per hour. The researchers simulated(模拟)10w-, medium-, and high-altitude conditions by altering the concentration of oxygen supplied to face masks worn by each goose as it flew in the tunnel.
Birds already have a better heart and lungs than mammals for sustained physical activity. And researchers knew that bar-headed geese have even larger, thinner lungs that let them breathe more deeply and an even bigger heart to pump more oxygen to muscles than other birds.
The wind tunnel experiments showed that when the concentration of oxygen was at its lowest-like the 7% found on top of Mount Everest versus 21% at sea level—the geese's heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped. Somehow, the birds managed to cool down their blood-the measured blood temperature dropped so it could take in more oxygen, the researchers report today in eLife. This cooling likely helps compensate for the very thin air, the team says.
Although well trained, the birds were only willing to stay in the air a few minutes-or less when wearing their backpacks and flying at 6ihigh" altitudes. So it's not clear whether these adaptations alone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest. But those few minutes showed these geese really could fly over the top of Mount Everest.（1）Why did the researchers raise 19 bar-headed geese and train them?
A. To test the flying height and speed of them.
B. To confirm they could fly over Mount Everest.
C. To observe them flying through the wind tunnel.
D. To see how many calories they burned per hour.
（2）What can we learn from the wind tunnel experiment?
A. It was carried out at very high altitude.
B. The geese managed to breathe less when their blood decreased.
C. The geese could live through the lowest concentration of oxygen.
D. It shows the geese could fly at high altitude for long.
（3）What still puzzles scientists about the geese?
A. Whether they have super hearts and lungs.
B. Whether they have muscles pumped more oxygen to.
C. Whether they are willing to wear backpacks and face masks.
D. Whether they can manage to fly 8 hours to climb over Mount Everest.
（4）Where does the text most probably come from?
A. A science fiction.
B. A climbing guide.
C. A travel brochure.
D. A science report.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰，为了确认其真实性，研究人员养了18只这种鹅，在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚不明确。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"In 1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a bar-headed goose soar over the peak of Mount Everest. It was thought impossible." 报道说，一名登山者看到一只斑头鹅飞过珠穆朗玛峰。人们认为这是不可能的；以及" Now researchers who
raised 19 of the geese-named for the black stripes on the backs of their heads-have shown the birds really fly so high."现在研究人员饲养了这种鹅，他们发现这些鹅真的飞得很高。再根据最后一段中的"So it's not clear whether these adaptations alone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest. But those few minutes showed these geese really could fly over the top of Mount Everest."但是否能让这种鹅飞8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰尚不清楚。由此可推断出研究人员饲养这种鹅是为了证实这种鹅是否能飞过珠峰。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"The wind tunnel experiments showed that when the concentration of oxygen ...the geese's heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped....the researchers report today in elife. This cooling likely helps comp"可知风洞实验表明，当氧气浓度最低时，鹅的心率和翅膀搏动频率保持不变，即使它们的新陈代谢率下降。研究人员今天在《伊利费》杂志上报道说，...这种降温可能有助于补偿空气的稀薄；第五段中的"Although well trained, the birds were only willing to stay in the air a few minutes-or less ..." 尽管训练有素，但这些鸟只愿意在空中呆上几分钟。这两处综合推断出，鹅可以在最低浓度的氧气中生存。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"So it's not clear whether these adaptations alone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest." 可知，目前尚不清楚的是，只有这些适应性变化能否可以飞行8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。第一段中提到登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。为了证实是否可能，研究人员养了18只这种鹅，并在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚不明确。由此可知本文属于科普文章。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行分逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
Hipster Greenport: 4 places to eat, shop and visit
Greenport may date back to the 1630s, but it's feeling pretty of-the-moment right now. Here are four places that embody the old-meets-new energy of the village:
Claudio's
If you've been to Greenport, you can't miss Claudio's —it's where generations of Long Islanders have made a tradition of eating, whether inside the main restaurant or at the floating dock-bar. The new owners have added fresh elements: Baccano Pizza by Nino, which offers a variety of slices and pies until as late as 2 a.m. on Fridays and Saturdays — is right by the dock entrance.
Little Creek Oyster Farm & Market
It's little spots like this that tell the current Greenport story. There's no sign or advertising for this tiny house changed from the cabin of an old ship that's practically hidden down Bootlegger's Alley near Mitchell Park. But there they are — streams of people who come to enjoy the fresh oysters while drinking local craft beer, with a waterside view.
The Times Vintage
Nostalgia (怀旧) for bygone times runs high in this 1909 building, which once served as the base for the Suffolk Times newspaper. These days, this well-designed shop sells vinyl records (黑胶唱片) and loads of old-fashioned clothing and home decoration items including mid-century highball sets.
Greenport Fire
Heat comes in many forms and several are sold here — hot sauces, cigars and candles. Consult the chalkboard for the current sauce offerings or browse cigars such as a hand-rolled Honduran Leaf by Oscar or the Gurkha Cellar Reserve made with 18-year-aged tobacco.
（1）What's special about Greenport?
A. It is a place full of energy.
B. It is a famous port in the world.
C. It is a combination of new and old.
D. It is a popular place of interest.
（2）What can you do in The Times Vintage?
A. You can enjoy delicious oysters.
B. You can buy some old things.
C. You can find hand-rolled cigars.
D. You can have Baccano Pizza.
（3）If you are a smoker, you may be interested in _________.
A. Claudio's
B. Little Creek Oyster
C. Greenport Fire
D. The Times Vintage 【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了绿港（Greenport）这个村庄里能体现新旧融合的四个地方。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“…but it's feeling pretty of-the-moment right now. Here are four places that embody the old-meets-new energy of the village…”但现在感觉很时髦。这里有四个地方体现了这个村庄新旧活力的融合。可知，绿港融合了新旧事物。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“These days, this well-designed shop sells vinyl records (黑胶唱片) and loads of old-fashioned clothing and home decoration items including mid-century highball sets. ”如今，这家精心设计的商店出售黑胶唱片、大量的老式服装和家居装饰用品，包括20世纪中期的highball电视机。可知，在The Times Vintage能买到一些老式的东西。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“...and several are sold here —hot sauces, cigars and candles. ”其中有几种在这里出售——辣酱、雪茄和蜡烛。可知，喜欢抽烟的人应该对Greenport Fire感兴趣。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study finds. Over their lifetimes, then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air than forest trees.
As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without CO2. However, CO2is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat. That makes temperatures near
the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石)fuels, have been sending extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.
Studies had shown forests readily absorb CO2, but there hadn't been much data on whether city trees grow, die and absorb CO2at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.
To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree's diameter increases as it grows, just as a person's waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years' tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more CO2.
City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest，trees tend to grow close together，shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮)in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.
（1）What can he known about CO2 from paragraph 2?
A. It is one of the side effects of greenhouses.
B. It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.
C. It results from the widespread burning of fossil fuels.
D. It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live on.
（2）Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?
A. To know about their growth rates.
B. To find out how much they weigh.
C. To check whether they were healthy.
D. To assess the carbon amounts in them.
（3）What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?
A. They are more likely to access growth promoters.
B. They can enjoy more water coming from the air.
C. They can enjoy more shade from neighbors.
D. They are better at competing for light.
（4）What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?
A. How urban trees can live longer.
B. Why city living makes trees die young.
C. How trees respond to dry soil conditions.
D. Why faster-growing trees absorb more C02.【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现：与长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快，但死得更早。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“the earth would be freezing or burning hot without
CO2.”可知，如果没有二氧化碳，地球将会极冷或极热。可以推断，二氧化碳可以防止地球变得不适合居住。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“To fi gure on how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters.”可知，研究人员监测树木的直径是为了了解树木的生长速度。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground.”可知，与生长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快是因为它们无需与邻近的树木争夺光照，也能得到更多的氮量，还更容易得到水。光、氮和水都可以促进树木的生长。由此可以推断，城市里的树木比森林中的树木更可能获得生长促进剂。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。首句就提到了一项新的研究结果：城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早；文章第三段说到“以前有研究表明森林会吸收二氧化碳，但是城市里的树木的生长、死亡和吸收二氧化碳的速度是否跟森林中的树木一样，这方面的数据不多。因此一些研究人员决定弄清楚”；文章第四段再次介绍了他们的研究发现：城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早；文章最后一段介绍了城市里的树木比森林中的树木生长得更快的几个原因。由此可以推断，文章接下来很可能就要介绍城市里的树木死得更早的原因。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
Most people agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be difficult. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience.
Open Table app
Open Table app helps people choose restaurants when they want to go out to eat. It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine. It gives users points when they make reservations(预定), which can add up to discounts on restaurant visits.
Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app
Wine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses? Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app is free.
HappyCow app
Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world.
LocalEats app
Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals. The LocalEats app is designed for that. It can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the US and in other countries. It costs about a dollar.
Where Chefs Eat app
"Where Chefs Eat" is a 975-pagc book. Most people would not want to carry that around. But there is a much lighter app version of the same name for just $15. Six hundred chefs provide information on 3,000 restaurants around the world on the Where Chefs Eat app.
（1）What do the first two apps have in common?
A. They are both free of charge.
B. Discounts are provided on both.
C. Best wines can be reserved on both.
D. They tell you where to have the best food.（2）Who is HappyCow app probably designed for?
A. Friends drinking wines together.
B. Chefs enjoying meat very much.
C. People who want to go on a diet.
D. Those often eating in a restaurant.
（3）Where can we most likely see the text?
A. On a tourism guide.
B. In a cellphone application introduction.
C. In a students' textbook.
D. On a scientific discovery TV program.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五个帮助他们了解健康饮食的应用软件。（1）考查细节理解。根据Open Table app部分中的”It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine.“这是一项免费服务，根据用户想要用餐的地点和时间向用户显示餐厅；以及Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app 部分中的”Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app is free.“Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing应用程序是免费的。可知前两个应用程序的共同点是他们都是免费的。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据HappyCow app部分中的”Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups.“素食者不吃肉。严格素食者不吃任何动物产品。而快乐奶牛应用软件就是为这两个群体制作的。，可知HappyCow软件是为想要节食的人设计的。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience."现在，有一些应用程序可以帮助人们了解他们吃的食物，从而改善他们的健康和外出就餐的体验。以及文章主要介绍了五个应用软件，故最有可能在手机应用介绍看到本文。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill. He served as American's first president from 1789 to 1797. President Washington has been called the "Father of his country."
The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill. He was the main writer of the Declaration of independence in 1776. Jefferson was one of the most influential
of the nation's Founding Fathers. He was also a plant expert, architect, musician and inventor.
Another of American's greatest presidents, Abraham Lincoln, is on the five-dollar bill. He served
as the sixteenth president from 1861 until 1865. He successfully led the country through the Civil War, saved the Union and ended slavery.
The picture of Alexander Hamilton appears on the ten-dollar bill. Hamilton was never president.
But he was the first Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers. He was also an economist and political philosopher.
Andrew Jackson was the seventh president, serving from 1829 to 1837. He supported popular democracy and individual liberty. His picture is on the twenty-dollar bill.
Another president is on the fifty-dollar bill. Ulysses S. Grant served from 1869 to 1877. Before serving as president, Grant was military commander of Union forces during the Civil War. Under
his command, the Union Army defeated Confederate forces.
So who do you think is on the one hundred-dollar bill? It is Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was never elected president, but was one of the Founding Fathers. He was also a leading writer and printer, political thinker, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, civil activist, and diplomat.
These American statesmen are on the front of the bills. The backs of the notes show images
from nation's history or famous places. They are in order, the Great Seal of the United States, the signing of Declaration of Independence and the Lincoln Memorial. The others are the Treasury Building, the White House, the Capitol Building and independence Hall.
（1）The design of the bills shows that Americans values their people's__________ .
A. talents in many ways
B. success in their careers
C. inventions in new fields
D. contributions to the country
（2）For hundreds of years, those historic men on the bills fought for the nation's ____________.
A. economy and power
B. independence and democracy
C. wealth and success
D. faith and glory
（3）Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Men on the Money
B. the Design of US Bills
C. History on the Money
D. the Story of US Bills
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们
对国家所做出的贡献。
（1）考查推理判断。文章在描述每一种面值的纸币上的人物时，都着重描写他们对国家
的作用与影响，George Washington是第一任总统，Thomas Jefferson独立宣言的主要起草
者，Abraham Lincoln结束内战，废除奴隶制，Alexander Hamilton第一个财政部长和开国元
勋之一，Andrew Jackson支持大众民主和个人自由，Benjamin Franklin开国元勋之一，从而
可判断美国人民看重的是伟人对这个国家做出的贡献。故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“President Washington has been called the‘Father of
his country.’"；第二段中的“Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation's Founding Fathers.”及下文对美元上其他人物的介绍可知，文章中提到的这些历史上著名的人物，无论是独立战争，美国内战，还是独立宣言的起草与签署都反映出他们为争取国家的独立与民主所做出的努力与牺牲。故选B。
（3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The picture of George Washington is o n the one-dollar bill.第二段中的The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill.”及下文各段的段首句可知，本文主要描述了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．阅读理解
Plastic sludge(污泥)and garbage is a disaster for the world's oceans. A film crew traveled the globe to document the rubbish. And Julie Andersen of the Plastic Oceans Foundation says what we see is just the tip of the problem. “Half of the waste actually sin ks to the bottom, and that remains on the surface actually breaks down. ”
The filmmakers found rubbish in ocean gyres, the circulating currents that trap large concentrations of pollution in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacifc Oceans, home of what some have plastic. What we found was a plastic smog that spread throughout all the water. And in some parts of the oceans, scientists have found more plastic than plant. ”
The pieces of the plastic garbage infect the food chain, sometimes visibly, and more so at the microscopic level, where the plastic particles interact with other pollutants. “There are heavy metals, medicines, industrial waste in the sea, while it acts like magnets(磁铁). These poisonous substances absorb on the plastic, and then when seafood absorbs the plastics, those poisonous substances enter the fatty tissues. ”To be consumed by other sea life and by people at last. China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam are the worst plastic polluters. The United States, although a leader in recycling, is one of the world's 20 since it produces and consumes so much plastic. There are efforts around the world to address the problem, including at this newly opened recycling center in Lebanon(黎巴嫩). But Andersen says there is more that peo ple can do. “Cut back on single-use plastics, straws, plastic cups, plastic water bottles, plastic bags and find alternatives like reusable materials.” She says healthy oceans are essential to our survival.
（1）What can we learn from the passage?
A. There's all island full of plastic rubbish in the Pacific.
B. The bad effect of plastic pollution can't be seen by eyes.
C. The United States is the least plastic polluters.
D. The plastic pollution to oceans is more serious than what we can see.
（2）W hat does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3?
A. Pollutants like heavy metals and medicines.
B. The plastic particles.
C. Seafood.
D. Fatty tissues.
（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. All Asian countries have the most serious problem of plastic pollution.
B. The plastic problem hasn't attracted the world's attention.
C. Andersen is not satisfied with what has been done to solve the plastic problem,
D. People should stop using plastic products immediately.
（4）Which may be the title of the passage?
A. Plastic pollution in the World.
B. Plastic pollution—Oceans'Disaster.
C. Ways to solve the problem of plastic pollution to oceans.
D. Plastic pollution and our health.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了塑料污染对海洋导致的影响。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第三句：And Julie Andersen of the Plastic Oceans Foundation says what we see is just the tip of the problem. 可知，塑料海洋基金会的朱莉·安德森说，我们看到的只是问题的冰山一角。故可推测塑料对海洋的污染比我们所看到的更严重，故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据The pieces of the plastic garbage infect the food chain，sometimes visibly，and more so at the microscopic level，where the plastic particles interact with other pollutants. "There are heavy metals，medicines，industrial waste in the sea，while it acts like magnets（磁铁）. 可知，塑料垃圾碎片在微观层面感染食物链，有时是明显的，塑料颗粒与其他污染物相互作用. 海洋中有重金属，药物，工业废物，使其像磁铁一样. it指代的是塑料颗粒。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据But Andersen says there is more that people can do. "Cut back on single-use plastics，straws，plastic cups，plastic water bottles，plastic bags and find alternatives like reusable materials. "She says healthy oceans are essential to our survival. 可知，安德森说人们还可以做更多事情来预防污染，可推测出安德森对于目前解决塑料问题所做的工作不满意。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了塑料污染海洋灾害。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
高考英语单选易错题汇编及答案全部详解 1. Stop making so much noise ____ the neighbor will start complaining. A. or else B. but still C. and then D. so that 2. We hope to go to the beach tomorrow, but we won't go ____ it's raining. A. if B. when C. though D. because 3. ——The weather is too cold ____ March this year. ——It was still ____ when I came here years ago. A. for; colder B. in; cold C. in; hot D. for; hotter 4. ——How much vinegar did you put in the soup? ——I'm sorry to say, ____. I forget. A. no B. no one C. nothing D. none 5. He is only too ready to help others, seldom, ____, refusing them when they turn to him. A. if never B. if ever C. if not D. if any 6. ——What should I wear to attend his wedding party? ——Dress ____ you like. A. what B. however C. whatever D. how 7. ——The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job? ——____ my students have a try? A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. May 8. I'd like to live somewhere ____ the sun shines all year long. A. which B. that C. where D. in which 9. I ____ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn't get away. A. was planning B. planned C. had planned D. would plan 10. ——Your book, Tommy? ——No, Mom, it's my friend's. ——Remember to return it to ____ name is on it. A. what B. which C. whose D. whosever 11. Thank you for sending us ____ fresh vegetables of many kinds. You have done us ____ a
2014年高考题单选 21. Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed. A. though B. as C. since D. unless 22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must. A. which B. when C. as D. where 23. —How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing —Well, the media ________ it in a variety of forms. A. cover B. will cover C. have covered D. covered 24. Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay ________. A. in place B. in order C. in shape D. in fashion
25. Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies. A. chased B. registered C. offered D. compensated 26. —What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me. A. how B. what C. that D. who 27. She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year’s election. A. symbol B. portrait C. identity D. statue 28. The idea “happiness, ” ________, will not sit still for easy definition. A. to be rigid B. to be sure C. to be perfect D. to be fair 29. The lecture ________, a lively question-and-answer session followed. A. being given B. having given C. to be given D.
高考英语完形填空考点归纳 完形填空考点归纳 以下是对近十多年来高考完形填空难度变化的一点体会： 高考考试说明对完形填空题型有以下规定：考生必须通篇考虑，掌握大意，综合运用所学的词汇和语法等知识，选择最佳答案。总地来说，有以下两个特点： 一、单纯的语法知识、固定搭配、惯用法、常用句型、词语辨异等趋于淡化。下面仅以词语辨异为例总结如下： 1、night/evening night指the time of darkness between evening and morning;而evening 指the time between sunset and bedtime. 2、know/learn/notice know知道；熟悉learn 听说；认识到；了解notice 注意到 3、sound/cry/voice/shout/noise sound 泛指各种声音cry，voice，shout一般都指人的声音noise 指噪音 4、take place 预料中的发生；happen意料外的发生；occur 两者兼有 What happened to（became of）you?你发生了什么事？ 5、anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervous anxious 渴望的（eager）;担心的（worried ）hurried匆忙的nervous 神经紧张的 6、admire/enjoy admire oneself自我欣赏enjoy oneself玩得高兴 7、fun/joke/trick fun和joke都有开玩笑之意，fun不可数，joke是可数名词、前面要加不定冠词a play /a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑；a practical joke＝a trick恶作剧；play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人。 8、wonder/imagine/notice/examine wonder想知道；imagine想象；notice 注意到；examine 考查 9、way/means/method means[常用作单]方法；手段，工具; a means to an end达到目的方法；method方法、办法，与way 可以替换使用。 10、path/road/way path 小路；人行道road公路way 道路the way to the station 11、idea/opinion/suggestion/advice/tip idea 主意；意见opinion 意见；见解 suggestion可数advice不可数tip n.告诫，提示；劝告 12、examine/check/search examine 检查；诊察；审查，目的在于想了解有关的情况；check核实，检查，目的在于判断正误或是否正常；search搜查 13、usual/spare修饰 usual惯常的，平常的spare空闲的（free） 14、instead/however都作副词时，instead"而是"含有某种对比，however"可是""仍然"含有"转折""让步"的意思。 15、lost/missing/gone都可表示"丢失""不见了" lost可作定语；用被动语态；missing和gone一般作表语 16、pour/drop pour倒，灌；drop 使滴下，使落下 17、admire/inspire/support admire钦佩inspire鼓舞support 支持 18、courage/spirit/strength courage勇气spirit 精神strength力气 19、journey/travel/trip journey长途旅行travel广义的旅行trip旅行（一次来回）a round trip
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Most people agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be difficult. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience. Open Table app Open Table app helps people choose restaurants when they want to go out to eat. It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine. It gives users points when they make reservations(预定), which can add up to discounts on restaurant visits. Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app Wine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses? Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app is free. HappyCow app Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world. LocalEats app Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals. The LocalEats app is designed for that. It can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the US and in other countries. It costs about a dollar. Where Chefs Eat app "Where Chefs Eat" is a 975-pagc book. Most people would not want to carry that around. But there is a much lighter app version of the same name for just $15. Six hundred chefs provide information on 3,000 restaurants around the world on the Where Chefs Eat app. （1）What do the first two apps have in common? A. They are both free of charge. B. Discounts are provided on both. C. Best wines can be reserved on both. D. They tell you where to have the best food.（2）Who is HappyCow app probably designed for? A. Friends drinking wines together. B. Chefs enjoying meat very much. C. People who want to go on a diet. D. Those often eating in a restaurant. （3）Where can we most likely see the text? A. On a tourism guide. B. In a cellphone application introduction. C. In a students' textbook. D. On a scientific discovery TV program. 【答案】（1）A （2）C （3）B
1. Ten years had passed. I found she had _______. A. a few white hairs B. a little white hair C. some white hair D. more fifty hair 2. —Hi, this way, please. —OK.I sometimes have no sense of ______ when I arrive at the crossroad. A. position B. direction C. situation D. condition 3. —I’ve got an “A” in the examination. —That’s a good ______. You will surely win a second. A. result B. news C. start D. idea 4. I didn’t have to work all weekend — I did it by _______. A. chance B. choice C. accident D. myself 5. “Did you get _____ to the party?” “Yes, I replied to it this morning.” A. an answer B. an invitation C. a question D. a letter 6. I paid him ￡50 for the painting, but its true ______ must be at least ￡500. A. price B. money C. value D. importance 7. His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any ______ of it. A. explanation B. meaning C. sense D. guess 8. You’ve just missed your ______, and you will have to wait for the next round. A. chance B. turn C. time D. part 9. —Li Lin is very bright and studies hard as well. —It’s no ______ he always gets the first place in any examination. A. question B. doubt C. problem D. wonder 10. —How can I use this washing machine? —Well, just refer to the _______. A. explanations B. expressions C. introductions D. directions 11. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______. A. rooms number B. room number C. room’s numbers D. room numbers 12. —Hello, I’d like to speak to Henry. —Oh, which _______? There are two ______ in our office. A. Henrys, Henrys B. Henries, Henries C. Henry, Henrys D. Henrys, Henries 13. Electricity, like other forms of ______, has greatly increased in price in recent years. A. pressure B. force C. strength D. energy 14. To most of us, friendships are considered very important, but we need to have clear in our _________ the kinds of friendships we want. A. hearts B thought C. actions D. minds 15. The result was a narrow victory for Smith in the competition. A. achievements B success C. victory D. triumph 16. As a candidate, you must make a good ______on everyone you meet if you want to win the election. A decision B situation C impression D position 17.—Jerry said something strange at the meeting．
2009年全国各地高考题单项选择题分类汇编 冠词 1.（陕西卷6）What pity that you couldn’t be there to receive prize! A a; a B the ; a C a ; the D the; the 2.（浙江卷2）I don't understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got rough idea of Project plan. A. the; a B. 不填；the C. the；不填 D. a; the 3.（重庆卷26）Washing machines made by China have won ______worldwide attention and Haier has become _____popular name. A. a; the B./;a C./;the D. the; a 4.（北京卷33）The biggest whale is ___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ___ 9-story building. A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a 5.（全国卷II 14）What I need is _____ book that contains _____ ABC of oil painting. A. a；不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; an D. a; the 6.（四川卷14）In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study _________ second foreign language. A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the 7.（全国卷I 22）Let’s go to cinema-that’ll take your mind off the problem for A. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a; a 8.（江西卷25）Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world.
2016年全国高考英语试卷之完形填空汇编 新课标Ⅰ卷 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck. Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life. 41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers 43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If 44. A. each B. another C. that D. his 45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam 46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned 47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled 48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over 49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed 50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even 51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching 52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm 53. A. for B. so C. and D. but 54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. （1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. （3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C
【英语】高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Google's new camera, called Clips, is a smart device. It comes with a case that has a clip (夹子), but it's not designed to be worn on your clothing. Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photography out of your hands and captures moments entirely on its own! What sets this roughly 2-inch by 2-inch camera, with a three-hour battery life and Gorilla Glass for toughness apart is that it is specially intended for candid moments, like when a child does something cute that may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smartphone. The Clips device, it uses machine learning algorithms (计算程序) to help capture scenes. Those algorithms include face recognition. "Once it learns that there's a face you see frequently, it'll try to get nice photos of those faces," said Juston Payne, the device's product manager. And they also want it to recognize facial expressions, which involved "training it to know what happiness looks like". The Google team also trained it to recognize what not to shoot—like when a child's hand is over the lens, or if it is tossed in a dark purse. The only way to see the images is by connecting the camera with your phone, as it has no screen for viewing or editing. Concerned it could seem strange? Yes, Payne admitted, but he said they addressed that by making it obvious what it is. A green light on the front signals that it is on. Besides, unlike a camera meant to monitor your home, it is not connected to the Internet. "This product is only possible because of the way that silicon(硅) has advanced," Payne said that now they could squeeze the technology down into a device this size. Going forward, we're likely to get more assistance from the artificial intelligence packed into our apps and gadgets.（1）What is the most outstanding feature of Clips? A.It enables easy Internet access. B.It is equipped with tough glass. C.It can be worn on your clothing. D.It allows of hands-free photography. （2）What does the underlined word "candid" in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Awkward. B.Brief. C.Touching. D.Unforgettable. （3）What makes Clips a reality according to Juston Payne? A.The advance in technology. B.The popularity of the Internet. C.The screen for viewing and editing. D.The rise of the smartphone industry. （4）What does the text mainly talk about? A.New gadgets in the age of apps.
2020;2020高考终极单选题 二 1.--- Do you know the big news that Joan will marry Frank soon? --- Marry Frank? ____ She told me she would keep single. A．You can’t be serious. B．Good for you. C．It doesn’t make sense. D．I can’t agree with you more. 2. ---- Water can dissolve almost anything and give nutrients to creatures. ---- Yes, and that’s one of its _____. A．characters B．properties C．qualities D．abilities 3. When I am tired with math exercises, I ______go out for a walk to get relaxed. A．should B．must C．need D．will 4. — I telephoned him twice and I couldn’t get through to him. —The line might have been out of order, _______? A．don’t you B．wasn’t it C．do you D．hadn’t it 5. I just wonder _______that upsets him so much. A．what it is B．what he does C．how it is D．why it does 6. I had planned for the house closer to a river, but I was told there was a danger of flooding. A．built B．to be built C．being built D．be built 7.— Can I come to ask for some advice at any time? —Yes, of course. _____ . A．If you're convenient B．At your convenience C．Don't worry D．Don't mention it 8 Students in Xiangshan Senior High School are walking along the street, _____ a small red flag.
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语). I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL. The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51 more. After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could. The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens. 41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal 42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion 43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create 44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken 45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request 46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task 47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed 48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason 49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted 50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance 51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting 52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain 53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count 54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious 55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize 56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for 57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated https://www.doczj.com/doc/c25902230.html,stly B.Thus C.Instead D.However 59.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected 60.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new