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曲线图写作常用词汇和句型

曲线图写作常用词汇和句型
曲线图写作常用词汇和句型

曲线图写作常用词汇和句型

各个阶段的同义表达描述:

1.a steady drop, a slight fall, a gradual decline, a small decrease

2. a rapid leap, a sudden rise, a marked increase, a huge growth, a dramatic rise

3. no change, a flat trend, the number remained unchanged

4. a dramatic fall, a sharp drop, a rapid plunge, a steep decline

5. a gradual drop, a steady drop, tailing off, falling off

常见曲线图变化趋势

上升

动词:rose to 名词 a rise in

Increased to an increase in

Went up to a growth in

Climbed to an upward trend in

Boomed a boom in (a dramatic rise in)

下降

动词:fell to 名词:a decrease in

Declined to a decline in

Dipped to a drop in

Dropped to

Went down to a slump in (dramatic fall in)

Slumped to

Reduced to

平缓

动词:levelled out at 名词:a leveling out at

Did not change

Remained stable at

Remained steady at

Stayed constant at no change in

Maintained the same level

波动

动词:fluctuated around 名词:a fluctuation in

Peaked at reached a peak of

In the first year, unemployment stood at….

在曲线图中表示变化程度可以用到的词汇(the degree of change) Dramatic dramatically

Sharp sharply

Huge hugely

Enormous enormously

Steep steeply

Substantial substantially

Considerable considerably

Significant significantly

Marked markedly

Moderate moderately

Slight slightly

Small

Minimal minimally

在曲线图中表示变化程度可以用到的词汇(the speed of change)Rapid rapidly

Quick quickly

Swift swiftly

Sudden suddenly

Steady steadily

Gradual gradually

Slow slowly

图表描述常用句型模版

1.开头段常用句型

The line graph shows +名词短语或句子

Show 可以换成下列一些词:describe/illustrate/reveal/unfold/compare/summarise/suggest/outline

2. 表示“增加(上升)、减少(下降)、不变、波动”的常用词

(1)表示“增加(上升)”的动词,括号中是不规则动词的过去式

Increase/rise (rose)/go up(went up)/grow(grew)/jump/climb/surge/shoot up (shot up)/boom

注意:surge/shoot up/boom 表示“大量增加,显著上升”

(2)表示“增加(上升)”的名词

Increase/rise/growth/jump/surge/boom

(3) 表示“减少(下降)”的动词,括号中是不规则动词的过去式

Decrease/decline/go down (went down)/fall (fell)/be reduced/drop/sink(sank)/dip/slump

注意:be reduced 要用被动语态

Slump 表示“剧烈下降,显著减少”

(4)表示“减少(下降)”的名词

Decrease/decline/fall/reduction/drop/slump

(5)表示“快速的、剧烈的,显著的”形容词,修饰(2)、(4)中的名词

Rapid/sharp/significant/dramatic/drastic

(6)表示“快速地、剧烈地、显著地”的副词,修饰(1)、(3)中的动词Rapidly/sharply/significantly/dramatically/drastically

(7)表示“逐步的,适度的,稳定的,慢的,一点点的”形容词,修饰(2)(4)中的名词

Gradual/moderate/steady/slow/slight

(8)表示“波动“的动词、名词

Fluctuate/fluctuation between A and B

(9)表示“不变”的动词短语

Remain the same at/do not change/stabilize at/remain stable at/remain constant at/remain steady/stay constant at/maintain the same level/level off at

3. 表示“增加(上升),减少(下降)不变,波动的常用句型

(1)________increased sharply from 1957 to 1974.

(2) There was a sharp increase in _______from 1957 to 1974.

(3) The price did not change over the period.

(4)There was a steep fall in 1994 followed by a gradual improvement in the subsequent years.

(5) The price rose and fell over the period, but the trend was definitely upwards.

(6) The price collapsed in 1994.

(7) The price plunged dramatically in 1994, but then it regained its previous level, before soaring to a new peak.

(8) In spite of the sharp fluctuations in the price, the trend was obviously upwards.

(9) The price remained static over the period.

(10) Then around 1975 the price of grain doubled and this caused a rapid increase in the amount of land devoted to grain production.

(11) From 1980 to 1995, there was a gradual decrease in the amount of lad used for grain cultivation.

(12) The demand for energy dropped steadily between 1985 and 1990 from 5 units of energy to approximately 2 units.

(13) From 1990 until about 1995, energy demand appeared to level off and remained constant at about 2 units of energy.

(14) From this time onwards, energy demand climbs dramatically from 2 units of energy in 1996 and is projected to reach 7 units in the year 2005.

(15) In contrast, the amount of energy available from fossil fuels increased quite rapidly from about 3.5 units in 1985 until it reached a peak of 6.5 in 1995.

(16) The trend/momentum began to pick up speed in August.

(17) The last 17 years saw the sharp decline in cinema admissions.

4. 最高点、最低点

1)In 1978, the number reached its top at 20%.

2) In 1978, the number reached its highest point at 20%.

3) In 1978, the number reached its bottom at 20%.

4) In 1978, the number reached its lowest point at 20%.

5. 同一数据的倍数。

1)The profit increased three times/three-fold from March to May.

5月的利润是3月的3 倍。

2) They made twice the profit in May than in March.

他们5月的利润是3月的两倍。

3) There was a three-fold increase in the profit from March to May.

5月的利润是3月的4倍。

4)The turnover capacity of the harbor has increased by one-third.

港口的吞吐量增加了1/3

5) Its output of cotton went up by 20 percent.

它的棉花产量增长了20%。

6)The output value of chemical fertilizer in the first quarter was 18 percent above that of the same period in 1975.

第一季度化肥总产量比1975年同期增长了18%。

7)Their military budget in that year was thirty times as large as that of 1938.

那一年他们的军事预算是1938年的30倍。

6. 比较不同的数据,使用比较级

1)A greater number/percentage/proportion of men than women are found in managerial positions.

2)People buy more white cars than red cars.

3) White, which is 56.11%, is considerably more common than blue, which makes up 12.72%.

4) The other colors, which constitute 3.12%, are considerably less popular than blue 12.72%.

5) It is noticeable that Japan and Korea have similar profiles.

6) There is not a great deal of difference between the percentage of men doing other forms of manual work (28%) and women in other manual work (32%).

7) These figures were overwhelmingly greater than the corresponding figures of $160 in Peru and $ 130 in Zaire.

7. 描述具体数据

1)They account for one-sixth of the population.

2) In 1950, more than 50% of people traveled to work on their own. However, by 1990, less than 20% of travelers were cycling or walking to work.

3) By 1970, approximately one out of every four travelers drove to work.

4) Although 77.4% of the population worked in natural resources in 1992, they produced only 19.2% of GDP.

5) The 3.6% of the population who worked in industry produced 15.4% of GDP, and the 15.2% who worked I the service sector produced 58% of GDP.

6) In 1975, for example, some 300 000 men and 250 000 women worked in the communication sector.

7) The table shows that Japan and Canada had annual incomes of $15760 and $11100 per person respectively.

Smoking in UK

The graph compares the population of smoking in males and females in the UK between 1960 and 2004. It is clear that the population of smoking for both men and women made a steady decrease from 1985.

In 1960, about 700,000 men were smoking, and this number dropped gradually to 50,000 by 1974 and continued to decrease until 2004. On the contrary, the population of smoking in women in 1960 was fairly low and was about 50,000. By 1970 this figure increased to 100,000 and 200,000 in 1980. But after 1985, the number of smoking in female began to decline and continued on this downward turn until 2004.

In conclusion, the population of smoking in men and women dropped significantly throughout the period. But the smoking population of women remained lower than that of men during the entire period.

The line curve above illustrates the number of patients recorded as having pneumonia on different dates in December.

During the first few days of December, the number of cases of the x disease remained steady, followed by a slight decrease before the numbers rose dramatically between the 8th and the 11th of December. The number of cases of the disease then reached a peak on the 12th, fluctuating slightly until the 15th, and then fell sharply over the following two days. There was a slight increase up to the 19th when numbers reported for the disease dropped steadily and finally reached their lowest point on the 30th of December.

Overall, the number of pneumonia patients was high between the 7th and 15th of December. It is clear that by the middle of the month, there were only a few cases of pneumonia recorded.

机关公文写作常用词语(公务员、事业单位)(完整资料).doc

【最新整理,下载后即可编辑】 机关公文写作常用词语 一、常用排比 (一)关于“新”。新水平、新境界、新举措、新发展、新突破、新成绩、新成效、新方法、新成果、新形势、新要求、新期待、新关系、新体制、新机制、新知识、新本领、新进展、新实践、新风貌、新事物、新高度、新思路。 (二)关于“性”。重要性,紧迫性,自觉性、主动性、坚定性、民族性、时代性、实践性、针对性、全局性、前瞻性、战略性、积极性、创造性、长期性、复杂性、艰巨性、可讲性、鼓动性、计划性、敏锐性、有效性。 (三)关于“化”。法制化、规范化、制度化、程序化、集约化、正常化、有序化、智能化、优质化、常态化、科学化、年轻化、知识化、专业化、系统性、时效性。 (四)关于“心”。热心、耐心、诚心、决心、红心、真心、公心、柔心、铁心、上心、用心、痛心、童心、好心、专心、坏心、爱心、良心、关心、核心、内心、外心、中心、忠心、衷心、甘心、攻心。 (五)关于“意识”。政治意识、政权意识、大局意识、忧患意识、责任意识、法律意识、廉洁意识、学习意识、上进意识、管理意识。 (六)关于“点”。出发点、切入点、落脚点、着眼点、结合点、关键点、着重点、着力点、根本点、支撑点。 找准出发点、把握切入点、明确落脚点、找准落脚点、抓住切入点、把握着重点、找准切入点、把握着力点、抓好落脚点。 (七)关于“力”。活动力、控制力、影响力、创造力、凝聚力、战斗力。 (九)其他排比。 1.必将激发巨大热情,凝聚无穷力量,催生丰硕成果,展现全新魅力。 2.工作有新水平、队伍建设有新境界、廉政建设有新举措、自身建设有新发展、管理有新突破。

3.不动摇、不放弃、不改变、不妥协。 4.政治认同、理论认同、感情认同。 5.是历史的必然、现实的选择、未来的方向。 6.多层次、多方面、多途径。 7.民主决策、民主管理、民主监督。 二、常用短语 (一)立足当前,着眼长远,自觉按规律办事。 (二)抓住机遇,应对挑战,量力而行,尽力而为。 (三)有重点,分步骤,全面推进,统筹兼顾,综合治理,融入全过程,贯穿各方面。 (四)切实抓好,减轻,扎实推进,加快发展,持续增收,积极稳妥,落实,从严控制。 (五)严格执行,坚决制止,明确职责。 (六)高举旗帜,坚定不移,牢牢把握,积极争取,深入开展,注重强化。 (七)规范,改进,积极发展,努力建设,依法实行,良性互动,优势互补,率先发展,互惠互利。 (八)做深、做细、做实。 (九)全面分析,全面贯彻,持续推进,全面落实、实施,逐步扭转,基本形成,普遍增加,基本建立,更加完备(完善),明显提高(好转),进一步形成,不断加强(增效,深化),大幅提高,显著改善(增强),日趋完善,比较充分。 三、常用动词 (一)推进,推动,统领,协调,统筹,转变,提高,实现,适应,改革,创新,扩大,加强,促进,巩固,保障,方向,取决于,完善,加快,振兴,崛起,分工,扶持,改善,调整,优化,解决,宣传,教育,发挥,支持,带动,帮助,深化,规范,强化,统筹,指导,服务,健全,确保,维护,优先,贯彻,实施,深化,保证,鼓励,引导,坚持,监督,管理,开展,规划,整合,理顺,推行,纠正,严格,满足,推广,遏制,整治,保护,健全,丰富,夯实,树立,尊重,制约,适应,发扬,拓宽,

公文写作常用词汇和用语

公文语言的词汇 (一)称谓语 称与对方有关的事物常用“你”,如“你省”、“你部”。如是平行文则宜用敬辞“贵”,如“贵部”、“贵局”、“贵市”、“贵会”、“贵社”、“贵公司”、“贵单位”等。 称与自己有关的事物常用“我”、“本”,如“我省”、“我部”、“我局”、“本公司”、“本会”等。 公文中间接称呼有关的人或单位常用“该”,如“该同志”、“该人”、“该地区”、“该单位”等。 (二)起首语 对下级机关或人民团体来文有所批复时,起首常用“关于《……的报告》收悉”、“关于……的电文已悉”等。 《通知》常用“为了……”开头。 (三)承启语 在公文的缘由表述完毕后,常用“为此,特作如下通知”、“特此命令你们”等领起下文。 (四)结尾语 是各类公文正式结尾时表收束、强调、祈请等的用语,可用“以上各项,望各地遵照执行”、“请结合本地区、本部门实际情况,认真贯彻执行”、“是否有当,请予批复”、“当否,请批示”、“请予审批”、“以上报告如无不妥,请批转各地、各有关部门执行”。

三、公文用词的特殊性 所谓公文用词的特殊性,是指公文有一套较常用的专用词语,这些词语用起来能体现公文的严肃性和准确性。 开头用语有:“按照”、“为了”、“根据”、“鉴于”、“依照”、“据查”、“关于”、“报告悉”、“电悉”、“奉”、“查”、“前奉”、“据”、“……报称”、“……电称”、“制定”、“特派”、“任命”、“兹聘”、“派”、“惊悉”、“阅悉”、“谨悉”等。 结尾用语有:“望”、“请”、“特此函告”、“为盼”、“是否可行”、“当否”、“请批示”、“祈请批复”、“盼回复”、“望遵照执行”、“特此通知”、“请批转……执行”、“特此布告”、“此复”、”此致”、谨呈”、“谨报告”、“特此电陈”、“此令”、“此批”、“此布”、“为荷”等。 过渡用语有:“为此”、“为此……特……”、“对比……”、“为……”、“结合……”等。 称谓用语有:“贵省”、“贵局”、“该地区”、“我市”、“我县”、“本镇”等。 表时间的模糊词语有:“最近”、“近期”、“适当时候”、“现在”、“将来”、“曾经”、“同时”、“有时”、“一直”等。 表范围的模糊词语有:“有关”、“各部门”、“乡(县、市、省)内外”、“国内外”、“左右”、“上下”等。 表条件的模糊词语有:“在可能的情况下”、“在……情况下”、“在……基础上”、“符合一定条件”、“在特殊情况下”等。 表数量的模糊词语有:“许多”、“多数”、“广大”、“某些”、“有此”,“一些”、“个别”、“部分”等。

英语四六级作文必背短语、短句

一、引出开头 1:It is well-known to us that……(我们都知道……)==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …(就我所知…)2:Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……(最近……问题引起了关注)3:Nowadays(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.(现今,人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题)4:Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.(互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色,它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题)5:With the rapid development of science and technology,more and more people believe that……(随着科技的迅速发展,越来越多的人认为……)6:It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……(人们一般认为……)7:A lot of people seem to think that……(很多人似乎认为……)8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子(全世界都知道...) 二、表达不同观点 1:People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……(人们对……的观点因人而异,有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……)2:People may have different opinions on……(人们对……可能会持有不同见解)3:Attitudes towards (drugs)vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards(failure)(人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异)4:There are different opinions among people as to……(对于……人们的观点大不相同) 三、表示结尾 1:In short, it can be said that……(总之,他的意思是……)2:From what has been mentioned above, w e can come to the conclusion that……(从上面提到的,我们可以得出结论……)3:Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……(把所有的这些因素加以考虑,我们自然可以得出结论……)4:Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……(因此,我们最好的出这样的结论……)5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.(毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点)6:All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.(总之,我们没有……无法生活,但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题) 四、提出建议 1:It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).(该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了)2:There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……(毫无疑问,对……问题应予以足够重视)3:Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……(显然,如果我们想要做么事,很重要的是……)

公文写作常用词语

机关公文写作常用词语 "新"系列 新形势新任务新挑战新机遇新情况新问题新困难新对策新办法新局面新气象 "者"系列 守护者保护者守望者践行者组织者协调者旁观者教育者监督者管理者设计者引导者实施者指导者协助者决策者参与者 "外号"系列 (个人)先行官火车头老黄牛活地图辖区通减压阀助推器 (集体)大熔炉主旋律接力赛 "性"系列 自觉性时效性可操作性复杂性积极性实效性机制性特殊性主动性有效性体制性多变性创造性坚定性保障性危险性准确性阶段性流动性盲目性目的性层次性稳定性实用性预见性启发性全局性科学性前瞻性警示性局部性局限性针对性苗头性根本性约束性普遍性倾向性长期性理论性典型性经常性精确性系统性示范性思想性果敢性完整性必要性知识性坚韧性多样性重要性趣味性敏感性服务性先进性随意性警惕性指导性优越性反复性技术性思想性全局性前瞻

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