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肯尼迪就职演讲修辞分析

肯尼迪就职演讲修辞分析

Rhetorical Analysis of Kennedy’s Inaugural Address

[Taking the oath of Office]

1. Vice President Johnson, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Chief Justice, President Eisenhower,

Vice President Nixon, President Truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens: 2. We observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom -- symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning -- signifying renewal, as well as change. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.

? 修辞分析:运用了Antithesis 的修辞手法,前后结构一致,语义相反,容易吸引

观众的注

意,达到演讲词开篇引人入胜的目的。这里“a victory of party”和“a celebration of freedom,”“an end”和“a beginning”等等分别构成对照,强调这

不是一个政党的胜利,而是自由的胜利,是结束也是开端,是更新也是变革。

3. The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to

abolish? all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet

the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at

issue around the globe -- the belief that the rights of man come ?not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God. ? 修辞分析:该段子划线部分

都运用了Repetition的修辞手法。这里重复的使用主要是为了

分清层次,加强演讲词的节奏感和音律美,使读起来朗朗上口。

4. We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the

word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, -- ?born

in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter

peace, ?proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights ?to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world. ?

修辞分析:该段落划线部分运用了Parallelism 的修辞手法。总共包括三组排比句,如段中

所示,第一组是过去分词引起的短语,第二组是形容词引起的短语,第三组是定语从句。排比句结构平衡,音韵和谐,语义紧凑,高潮迭起,极富感召力与鼓动性。排比的大量使用既能起到突出演讲主题的作用,又能令句子流畅,读起来朗朗上口,极富音乐般的节奏和

感染力。

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Rhetorical Analysis of Kennedy’s Inaugural Address

5. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any

price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ? 修辞分析:这句话运用了Repetition和Alliteration双重的修辞手法。首先是头韵法,如段

中阴影部分,“pay price“”bear burden“”survival success“”friend foe”等这些头韵法的合理使用不仅使演说朗朗上口,富于乐感,从而抓住听众的注意力,而且通

过在词首重复使用相同的辅音,使得音韵悠扬,节奏明快,增强了表现力,给人以深刻的印象,为演说增添了光彩。其二段中“any”的重复使用使演讲者观点紧凑,重点突出,有能很

有效的调动听众的情感,从而达到演讲的目的。

6. This much we pledge -- and more.

7. To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge

the loyalty of faithful friends. United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do -- for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.

? 修辞分析:段中划线部分运用了Antithesis的修辞手法。这里主要是“united”

和“divided”的

对照,一方面使得两句话对称整齐,音律和谐,读起来脍炙人口。另一方面强调了语义的对立,突出了“如果团结一致,我们就能在许多合作事业中无往而不胜,如果分歧对立,我们便会一事无成”这个主要观点。

8. To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, ?we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. We shall not always expect

to find them supporting our view. But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom -- and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by ?riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. ? 修辞分析:该段划线部分?运用了Repetition的修辞手法,“shall”的重复使用使句式结构紧

凑,重点突出,同时调动听众的情感,引起共鸣,很好得表达了美国政府的决心和信念。 ? ?运用了Metaphor的修辞手法。用比喻来阐述道理,使听众于生动的形象中得到启发,受

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Rhetorical Analysis of Kennedy’s Inaugural Address

到感染,折服于演说家。这一句既表明演说家的态度,同时也是对本段上文的形象化总结,这远比讲美国今后不会对加入自由国家行列的其他国家进行奴役之类的承诺有说服力得多。

9. To those people in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break

the ?bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required -- not because the Communists may be doing it, ?not because we seek their votes, but because it is right. ?If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. ? 修辞分析:该段落划线部分中?运用了Metaphor的修辞手法。该短语将“mass misery”对世

界各地人民的折磨隐喻为“bonds”,即枷锁,形象生动地将抽象的事物变得简单易懂,使听众易于接受和理解,并使能够引起听众的共鸣,达到演讲的效果。

? ?运用了Repetition的修辞手法。该句中“because”的重复使用一方面产生了音律美,使句

式整齐匀称,另一方面突出了演讲者所要表达的观点,调动了听众的情绪。

? ?运用了Antithesis的修辞手法。该句中句式非常对称整齐,读起来朗朗上口,简洁明了,

音律和谐。同时通过语义上的对立突出强调了“如果不能帮助处在贫困中的人们,美国也就不能拯救少数的富人”这一观点。

10. To our ?sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge: to

convert our good words into good deeds, in a new alliance for progress, to assist free men and free governments in casting off ?the chains of poverty. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. ?Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.

?

修辞分析:该段落划线部分中?和?运用了Metaphor的修辞手法。?句中将其他国家比作“sister”,即兄弟姐妹,形象生动地将美国和南美国家的外交关系化抽象为具体,使听众对这

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Rhetorical Analysis of Kennedy’s Inaugural Address

种关系有了一种更为直接的认识。同时表明了美国愿与南美国家之间保持友好、平等外交关系的立场。?中将贫穷隐喻为枷锁,锁链,突出了贫穷给人们带来的苦难,同时也隐隐说明了美国的老大的地位,想要领导全世界。

?

?运用了Parallelism的修辞手法。划线部分都运用了“let..know that”的句式,使得演讲词非常的对称,读起来能够产生一种音律美和节奏感。

11. To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best

hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support -- to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak, and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run. ? 修辞分析:该段落划线部分运用了Parallelism的修辞手法。段中“to...”引出了三个排比句,

排比的使用使得句子结构非常的整齐匀称,增强了气势,加强了演讲者对观点的表达和传输。

12. Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer

?not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the ?dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.

? 修辞分析:该演讲辞中从第七段到第十二段开头粗体字部分运用了Parallelism的修辞手法。

又用了结构相似或相同的句子形成了排比。排比和反复的重叠使用使语意层层递进,增强了演讲的气势,突出了强调的内容,同时使演讲词读来韵律节奏分明,铿锵有力。

? ?运用了Antithesis的修辞手法。使得句式结构整齐匀称,节奏感强,同时强调了美国提出

的是一项要求而不是请求。

? ?运用了Metaphor的修辞手法。这里将“nuclear weapons”隐喻成了“dark power”,生动形

象地说明了原子武器的威力和危害性,也从侧面突出了我们应该响应美国的号召追求和平,杜绝原子武器的危害。

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Rhetorical Analysis of Kennedy’s Inaugural Address

13. We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our arms are sufficient

beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.

? 修辞分析:段中划线部分运用了Repetition的修辞手法。“Beyond doubt”的重复,有效地强

化了语意,更富节奏感,使演讲更有气势,同时加深了听众的印象。

14. But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our

present course -- both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war. ? 修辞分析:段中粗体字部分运用了Anaphora的修辞手法。首语重复的使用加强了演讲词的

节奏感,营造了一种音律美。同时结构上都是“both...”开头的句子,句式非常整齐匀称,在一定程度上也有利于吸引听众的兴趣。

15. So let us begin anew -- remembering on both sides that civility is not

a sign of

weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate. ? 修辞分析:段中划线部分交错运用了Chiasmus和Antithesis的修辞手法。首先句中使用了

交错配列法,“negotiate”和“fear”在句中交错出现,传递了一种非常精炼,深层次的思考,使句子呈现出一种庄严和严肃的气氛,同时引导听众进行独立的思考。其二也用了对照,这里主要体现在语义上的对照,即不要因为恐惧而去谈判,而应不惧于去谈判。

16. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. ? 修辞分析:段中划线部分运用了Antithesis的修辞手法。该句子是“explore what problems”

和“belabor those problems which divide us”的对照,这一方面让句子结构比较整齐匀称,读来有种莫名的节奏感和音律美,另一方面强调了语义上的对立,突出了演讲者的思想,

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肯尼迪就职演讲修辞

肯尼迪就职演讲修辞

美国总统约翰·菲兹杰拉德·肯尼迪自幼受到良好的教 育,后毕业于哈佛大学。他发表于1961年1月20日的就职 演说中字字、旬句、段段都是经过精心雕琢,其中最大的特点 就是大量修辞格的运用。修辞就是运用语言的时候,根据特 定的目的精心选择语言的过程,力求把语言表达的清晰、生 动、精彩.它包含有各种修辞格。演说词中各种修辞格的运 用可使得演说词条理清晰,琅琅上口,气势恢宏,引人共鸣. 本文拟对肯尼迪就职演说中的修辞进行研究. 一、Parallelism{平行) 英语Parallelism,意即alongside one another(并排).其 基本用法是将结构相同或类似、意义相关或并重、语气也前后 一致的语言成分平行并列在一起。平行的构成可体现于各个 语言层次,如单词、短语、从句、句子。这篇演说词中平行的构成不仅体现在这些方面,而且还体现在段落之间。(黑体字部 分表示运用了修辞格,阻下与此相同)。 单词方面的有: The energy,the faith,the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will? 短语、从句方面的有: ?bom in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage,and unwilling

to wimess or permit the slow undoing ofthese human rights to which this nation has always been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around the world. 仅仅这一段话就包含三组平行结构。第一组是过去分词 引起的短语,第二组是形容词引起的短语,第三组是个定语从 旬。 句子方面的有: Together let US explore the stars。conquer the deserts,eradi·cate disease,tap the OC,ean depths and encourage the arts and cofTmlerce 段落间的有: 这篇演说词6至11段之间的段落关系就属于平行关系。 从第6段开始就分别以“To those old allies卜·”T0 those new states?”“To those peoples?”“To our sister republics ?” “To that world assembly?“?to those nations?”开头。 除此之外,这篇演说词从15段到18段都是以“Let both sides?”开头。 平行结构是这篇演说词中运用最广泛的修辞格,这主要 是由于平行结构语气上紧凑、一致、绵绵不绝的效果,使人感 受到语言强大的力量。这篇演说词中大量平行结构在单词、 短语、从句、句子甚至段落的运用不仅使得这篇演说词读起来

肯尼迪总统就职演说语言特点探析

肯尼迪总统的就职演说是美国历史上非常著名的一次演讲,这次演讲不仅在当时引起了轰动,而且在后世对美国政治演说和公众演讲产生了深远的影响。以下是肯尼迪总统就职演说的语言特点探析: 语言简洁明了:肯尼迪总统在演讲中的语言极为简洁明了,没有使用过多的修辞手法和复杂的语法结构,使得演讲内容易于理解和接受。 语调铿锵有力:肯尼迪总统在演讲中的语调铿锵有力,声音富有节奏感,既能够表达出演讲者的情感,又能够引导听众进入演讲的情景,加强演讲效果。 常用重复:肯尼迪总统在演讲中多次使用了相同的词汇和短语,比如“ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country”,这种常用重复的手法能够让听众更容易记住演讲内容,增强演讲的说服力。 用词精准:肯尼迪总统在演讲中使用的词汇非常精准,能够准确地表达出演讲者的意图和情感,增强演讲的说服力。 引用名言:肯尼迪总统在演讲中多次引用名人名言,如引用林肯的名言,“we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty”,这种引用名言的手法能够增强演讲的权威性和文化内涵。 总之,肯尼迪总统就职演说的语言特点是简洁明了、语调铿锵有力、常用重复、用词精准和引用名言等,这些语言特点使得演讲内容易于理解、说服力强,具有很高的艺术价值和实用价值。

政治语篇的批评隐喻分析

政治语篇的批评隐喻分析 隐喻的批评性分析主要是以批评隐喻分析理论为框架,分析语篇(特别是政治语篇)中的隐喻,揭示隐喻背后所隐藏的意识形态和社会权力关系。通过对肯尼迪就职演说中出现的隐喻进行识别、分析和阐释后发现,演讲中所采用的概念隐喻主要集中在冲突、旅行和身体三个方面。隐喻可以有效地激发听众的内心情感,更容易接受肯尼迪政府的政治立场和意识形态,从而帮助演讲者达到既定交际目的。 一、引言 政治性演说词被认为是一种形式特殊的文体,尽管是一种口头表达的语言,但带有极其浓重的书面语特点。不可否认,总统就职演说属于政治性语篇,是被总统用来宣扬本届政府的政治立场和外交政策的一种有力工具。 传统语篇分析的研究焦点主要围绕词汇语法层面的意义表达现象,而无法解释文本构建过程中的话语选择现象,更不能深入分析话语选择背后的决定因素及其产生的效果。用隐喻表达思想是语言中普遍存在的现象,它既是修辞手段也是思维方式,也正是一种有意识的话语选择。在Metaphors We Live By一书中,Lakoff和Johnson曾经指出“隐喻普通存在于日常生活的语言中,更存在于思想和行为中,我们所依赖的概念本身就是隐喻的。”政治语篇中的隐喻是构建话语框架的重要手段,其实质更是演说者实施话语霸权和文化霸权、灌输和宣扬其价值体系的主要工具。Wilson认为隐喻在政治语篇中可以完成特定的交际目的,同时有利于解释政治主张,从而唤醒听众的认同感。因此在阅读一些政治语篇时,应采用批评隐喻分析方法,针对出现的隐喻,进一步剖析这一语言现象背后的意识形态和文化战略,有助于深刻理解该类语篇和提高思辨能力。 二、批评隐喻分析 隐喻的批评性分析其实属于批评性话语分析的范畴。批评性话语分析(Critical Discourse Analysis)的主要任务就是透过语言的表面形式,从多个角度分析意识形态、社会结构、权力和语言之间的关系。批评隐喻分析恰恰是以隐喻为出发点,分析研究隐喻与其背后的权力和意识形态等之间的关系。 批评隐喻分析是Chariteris-Black在2004年就已经提出的一种分析方法,该分析法旨在把语言分析与社会知识和个人的认知理解结合起来,去解释特定的语篇类型中,为何人们更愿意选择用隐喻来表达情感。具体而言,批评隐喻分析就是以特定语篇中的隐喻为研究点,剖析作者的立场、权力和意识形态等因素如何影响隐喻的选择,进而揭示隐喻在思维模式和价值体系等方面的塑造和传播作用。Chariteris-Black和Lakoff多以党派纲领文件和竞选语篇为分析语料,有系统地、有针对性地分析了隐喻各个方面的作用,比如灌输思想模式、改变意识形态、维持权力关系、激发公众情感以及引导舆论方向,其目的就是透过语篇中的隐喻现象,阐释隐喻背后的政治和意识形态因素。

肯尼迪就职演讲修辞分析教材

[Taking the oath of Office] 1.Vice President Johnson, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Chief Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice President Nixon, President Truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens: 2.We observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom -- symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning -- signifying renewal, as well as change. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago. 修辞分析:运用了Antithesis 的修辞手法,前后结构一致,语义相反,容易吸引观众的注意,达到演讲词开篇引人入胜的目的。这里“a victory of party”和“a celebration of freedom”,“an end”和“a beginning”等等分别构成对照,强调这不是一个政党的胜利,而是自由的胜利,是结束也是开端,是更新也是变革。 3.The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish①all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe -- the belief that the rights of man come ②not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God. 修辞分析:该段子划线部分都运用了Repetition的修辞手法。这里重复的使用主要是为了分清层次,加强演讲词的节奏感和音律美,使读起来朗朗上口。 4.We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, -- ①born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, ②proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights ③to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world. 修辞分析:该段落划线部分运用了Parallelism 的修辞手法。总共包括三组排比句,如段中所示,第一组是过去分词引起的短语,第二组是形容词引起的短语,第三组是定语从句。 排比句结构平衡,音韵和谐,语义紧凑,高潮迭起,极富感召力与鼓动性。排比的大量使用既能起到突出演讲主题的作用,又能令句子流畅,读起来朗朗上口,极富音乐般的节奏和感染力。 5.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty. 修辞分析:这句话运用了Repetition和Alliteration双重的修辞手法。首先是头韵法,如段中阴影部分,“p ay price”“b ear burden”“s urvival s uccess”“f riend f oe”等这些头韵法的合理使用不仅使演说朗朗上口,富于乐感,从而抓住听众的注意力,而且通过在词首重复使用相同的辅音,使得音韵悠扬,节奏明快,增强了表现力,给人以深刻的印象,为演说增添了光彩。其二段中“any”的重复使用使演讲者观点紧凑,重点突出,有能很有效

肯尼迪就职演讲修辞分析教材

[Tak ing the oath of Office] 1. Vice Preside nt Joh nson, Mr . Speaker , Mr . Chief Justice, Preside nt Eise nhower , Vice Preside nt Nixon, Preside nt Truma n, revere nd clergy, fellow citize ns: 2. We observe today not a victory of party , but a celebrati on of freedom -- symboliz ing an end , as well as a beg inning -- sig nifying ren ewal , as well as change . For I have swor n before you and Almighty God the same sole mn oath our forebears prescribed n early a cen tury and three-quarters ago. 修辞分析:运用了An tithesis 的修辞手法,前后结构一致,语义相反,容易吸引观众的注 意,达到演讲词开篇引人入胜的目的。这里" a victory of party ”和"a celebration of freedom ”,“ an end ”和“ a beg inning ”等等分别构成对照,强调这不是一个政党的胜利,而是自由的胜利,是结束也是开端,是更新也是变革。 3. The world is very differe nt now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe -- the belief that the rights of man come not from the gen erosity of the state, but from the hand of God. 修辞分析:该段子划线部分都运用了Repetiti on 的修辞手法。这里重复的使用主要是为了 分清层次,加强演讲词的节奏感和音律美,使读起来朗朗上口。 4. We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to frie nd and foe alike, -- born in this century, tempered by war , disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,______________ proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights _____ to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world. 修辞分析:该段落划线部分运用了Parallelism 的修辞手法。总共包括三组排比句,如段 中所示,第一组是过去分词引起的短语,第二组是形容词引起的短语,第三组是定语从句。 排比句结构平衡,音韵和谐,语义紧凑,高潮迭起,极富感召力与鼓动性。排比的大量使用既能起到突出演讲主题的作用,又能令句子流畅,读起来朗朗上口,极富音乐般的节奏和感染 力。 5. Let every n ati on know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay __________________ any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty____________ 修辞分析:这句话运用了Repetition 和Alliteration 双重的修辞手法。首先是头韵法, 女口段中阴影部分,“pay price ” “bear burden ” “survival success ” “friend foe”等这些头韵法的合理使用不仅使演说朗朗上口,富于乐感,从而抓住听众的注意力,而且通过在词首重复使用相同的辅音,使得音韵悠扬,节奏明快,增强了表现力,给人以深刻的印象,为演说增添了光彩。其二段中“any”的重复使用使演讲者观点紧凑,重点突岀,有能很有效

英语中排比句的运用

英语中排比句的运用 I came; I saw; I conquer. ( 我来了;我看见;我征服) 出自古罗马统治者Julius Caesar之口。气势磅礴、铿锵有力的语言给后人留下了深刻印象。这个三项排比句生动形象地描述了这位统治者的勇气、傲气和霸气。三项排比结构是英语写作中一个较为常见的修辞手段,它既能增加文章的清晰度,又能使一个句子或一个段落的思想内容逐步递进,达到高潮。综观两千多年的历史,三项排比结构不仅被众多的大作家、小说家所采用,而且备受政治家、演说家的青睐。就拿美国总统来说,几乎每一位总统在他们的就职演说词里都多次使用了三项排比结构。由此我们可以看出三项排比结构的魅力。下面就让我们一起来欣赏部分总统的演说片段。 To that work I now turn, with all the authority of my office. I ask the Congress to join with me. But no president, no Congress, no government, can undertake this mission alone. (Bill Clinton) 这里克林顿用了三个排比的主语,在词义上层层加重,收到了递进强调的效果。汉语意思是:任何总统,任何国会,任何政府都不能单独完成这一使命。 This great Nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper. (Franklin D. Roosevelt) 罗斯福运用谓语三项式排比展望美国的发展,语气不断加强,话语鼓舞人心:我们的国家过去经得起考验,今后还将经得起考验,美国将复兴,美国将繁荣。 Steadfast in our faith in the Almighty, we will advance toward a world where man's freedom is secure. To that end we will devote our strength, our resources, and our firmness of resolve. With God's help, the future of mankind will be assured in a world of justice, harmony, and peace. (Harry S. Truman) 这里杜鲁门运用宾语三项式排比号召美国人民为人类的自由而做出贡献,运用宾语三项式排比展望人类的未来。汉语意思是:为此目的,我们将贡献出我们的力量、财力及坚定决心。在上帝的保佑下,人类的未来无疑将是个公正、和谐与和平的世界。 We are creating a nation once again vibrant, robust and alive. But there are many mountains yet to climb.(Ronald Reagan) 这里里根运用三项式定语排比来描述人们创造的美国“朝气蓬勃、精力旺盛、充满活力”。文字简练生动,给人留下深刻的印象。 We were in the midst of shock—but we acted. We acted quickly, boldly, decisively. (Franklin D. Roosevelt) 罗斯福回顾八年前美国所处的状态,运用三个排比的状语阐述了美国人民的勇气和坚定。“我们虽然处在惊恐之中——但是我们采取了行动,迅速、大胆、坚定地采取了行动。” America is ready to encourage, eager to initiate, anxious to participate in any seemly program likely to lessen the probability of war, and promote that brotherhood of mankind which must be God's highest conception of human. (Warren G. Harding) 哈定在演说中运用三个排比的表语清楚地表明了美国对减少战争爆发所持的态度和立场。“美国随时鼓励、热情推动、积极参加任何有助于减少战争爆发可能性的计划,并促进上帝对人类关系的最高思想——四海之内皆兄弟。” With this, we can build a great cathedral of the spirit—each of us raising it one stone at a time, as he reaches out to his neighbor, helping ,caring, doing. (Richard Milhous Nixon)

肯尼迪就职演说分析

肯尼迪就职演说分析 篇一:肯尼迪就职演说评析 美国第三十五任总统JohnFitzgeraldFrancisKennedy(1917-1963)约翰.弗.肯尼迪1961年元月20日在首都华盛顿国会大厦前发表“就职演说”时,我在读初中三年级,学的是俄语。直到1980年,我才在美国出版的“EnglishForToday”“今日英语”教材的第五册里阅读到了这篇演说,而且还听了这篇演说的实况录音。现在这篇演说已被一字未删地选入《advancedEnglish》“高级英语”(张汉熙主编,商务印书馆出版发行),《21centurycollegeEnglish》“二十一世纪大学英语”(复旦大学,交通大学主编;高等教育出版社,复旦大学出版社出版发行)英语教材里作为高等院校的英语学习教材。1980年,那时大学外语教学还是很原始落后的。我想得到英语版的联合国“人权宣言”,但在当时武汉的中南财经学院图书馆里没有。找到武汉大学图书馆,那里才只有一本油印的“人权宣言”小册子。我想得到英文版的“中华人民共和国刑法”这书,武汉的外文书店买不到。我托原北京地院外语老师去北京外国专家局找有关专家打听此书,专家说,《刑法》英文译文由他翻译,正在他手里,由于没有出版,他不能外借。肯尼迪“就职演说”是在演说之后十九年被我们看到。时过境迁,20XX年元月20日,全世界几乎所有的人都能从网上及各种媒体上听到,见到,读到美国第一位黑人总统奥巴马的“就职演说”。虽然有的人看

到的是被有些媒体屏掉了(RecallthatearliergenerationsfaceddownFascismandcommunismnotjust withmissilesandtanksbutwithsturdyalliancesandenduringconvictions.我们在此回忆先辈,他们战胜了法西斯主义和共产主义,靠的不仅是导弹,坦克;更是靠坚定的盟友和不移的信念。),(Tothosewhoclingtopowerthroughcorruptionanddeceitandthesilencingof dissentknowthatyouareonthewrongsideofhistorybutthatwewillextendahan difyouarewillingtounclenchyourfist.对于那些通过腐败,欺骗,压制异见来统治的人,你们应该知道你们站在了历史的对立面。但是,如果你们愿意放开紧攥的拳头,我们会向你们伸出一只手。)这些文字的演说,但是1961年那时代的人能听到,见到,读到的是完全不能与今天相比的了! 阅读翻译注释 1、mr.chiefJustice,PresidentEisenhower,VicePresidentnixon,PresidentTruma n,Reverendclergy,Fellowcitizens,weobservetodaynotavictoryofparty,butac elebrationoffreedom–symbolizinganendaswellasabeginning–signifyingrenewal,aswellaschange.Forihaveswornbeforeyouandalmighty Godthesamesolemnoathourforebearsprescribednearlyacenturyandthreequa rtersago.Theworldisverydifferentnow.Formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepo wertoabolishallformsofhumanpovertyandallformsofhumanlife.andyetthes amerevolutionarybeliefsforwhichourforebearsfoughtarestillatissuearoundt

肯尼迪就职演讲修辞分析教学提纲

肯尼迪就职演讲修辞 分析

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