工商管理英语课后习题答案汇总
回答问题汇总(U1A-U6A)所有公司都是上市公司吗？你能举些例子吗？17定义"线路功能" .对美国来说,为什么商业同时是一种谋生手段和一个人生活的焦点？1你如何确定企业的价值？你如何决定谁应该被雇用,谁不应该被雇用？你如何在相互排斥的项目中做出决定？广告和个人销售有什么不同？工作分析的功能与人力资源规划的功能有何不同？36什么是基本薪酬制度？40净现值是如何计算的？工作分析如何提高组织的有效性和效率？35销售代表应该如何看待客户？如何做招聘广告？如何建立一个好的薪酬体系？利润最大化是企业的首要目标吗？为什么？供求问题是定价决策唯一关心的问题吗？为什么？有最好的法律体系吗？如果你认为有,举个例子,如果你认为没有,解释为什么13 .通常谁参与了战略决策过程？营销活动中的“4P”是什么？独资企业的优势是什么？薪酬的组成部分是什么？39有限合伙人和普通合伙人有什么区别？民法和刑法有什么区别？财务会计有什么区别？9多么-省略部分预期现金流的水平。
2、财务预测的两种主要方法是预测财务报表——通常称为预计财务报表和所需额外资金(AFN)公式
3、管理者将获得外部融资或修改商业计划,以使公司不再需要外部融资
4、净现值只是预期未来现金流入减去初始投资的现值。参见第177.7页的等式
最新航海英语补充题库 [1]Which signal of the follwings is not provided with onboard lifeboat? 船载救生艇不配备下列哪一种信号？ A.Rocket parachute signals 火箭降落伞信号 B.Buoyant smoke signals可浮烟雾信号 C.Hand flare signals 手持火光信号 D.Selfigniting signals自点火信号 [2]According to IMO regulations,______shall be posted outside lifeboat? 根据IMO规定，下列哪一项应张贴于救生艇外部？ A.the retrore-flective tapes反光带 B.the reflective tapes反射的 C.the flashing bands 闪光的 D.the antiflashing bands [3]Which one of the following is not required on survival crafts? 下列哪一项不是救生筏上应配备的？ A.Antiseasickness medicine 抗晕船药 B.Immersion suits防寒服 C.axes 斧头 D.lifebuoys救生圈 [4]Have the safety belts for _______been examined? 是否已经检查了（全封闭式救生艇的）的安全带？ A.total enclosed lifeboats B.totally enclosing lifeboats C.totally enclosed lifeboats D.total encloseing lifeboats [5]The fireprotected lifeboats are found_____________. 耐火式救生艇状况（令人满意）。 A.in satisfactorily condition B.satisfactorily C.satisfactory D.satisfactored [6]We test the water spray fire protection system of fireprotected lifeboats every 3 months,___the abandon ship drill. 我们每三个月（结合）弃船演习，对耐火式救生艇的防火喷淋系统进行检查。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/c212817141.html,bining with https://www.doczj.com/doc/c212817141.html,bined with https://www.doczj.com/doc/c212817141.html,bining to https://www.doczj.com/doc/c212817141.html,bined to [7]Are your lifeboats fitted with_______? 你船的救生艇是否配有（）？ A.cargo wires 吊货索 B.topping lift 千斤索 C.guiding lines 导引绳
中华人民共和国海事局 2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第41期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。 一、单项选择题 1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______. A. cross-head B. spark plug C. connecting rod D. cylinder 2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, is commonly classed as a ______. A. slow-speed diesel B. medium-speed diesel C. high-speed diesel D. constant-speed diesel 3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engine operating efficiency? A. Impeller B. Compressor C. After-cooler D. Exhaust diffuser 4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than a four- stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______. A. it has a longer power stroke B. more air gets into the cylinder each stroke C. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speed D. higher combustion pressure is developed 5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______. A. cam followers B. push rods C. combustion gases D. valve springs 6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be divided into two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______. A. the pulse-phase system B. the pulse Doppler system C. the pulse system D. the pulse interval system 7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event of over- speed. A. cutting power off the engine B. increasing the fuel pump setting C. braking the crankshaft D. stabilizing the ship speed 8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers? A. Drain the accumulated moisture. B. Test the relief valves. C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure. D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter. 9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______. A. crankcase pressure B. lube oil pressure C. seawater pressure D. exhaust temperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______. A. friction clutches B. disconnect clutches C. reversing gears D. reduction gears 11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases from the main engine. A. an diesel oil heater B. a waste heat boiler C. a fresh water generator D. a donkey boiler 12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______. A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressure B. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiency C. recycle exhaust gas to the turbocharger D. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads 13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______. A. check and regulate the water level B. close the air cock once fires are lit C. blow down the gage glass D. assure protective steam flow 14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______. A. incorrect electrode setting B. incorrect nozzle position C. clogged fuel nozzle D. broken high tension lead 15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______. A. increased heat transfer B. fireside erosion C. high steam demand D. overheated tubes 16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with a reciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Upon accidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build up A. I, II B. II, III C. I, II, III D. II only 17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts? A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing. B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out. C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump. D. They increase the strength of the shaft. 18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______. A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completely emptied B. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped out C. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wells D. discharge pressure will be too high. 19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps? A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed. B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened. C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction. D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed. 20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to ______. A. closely observe the pump discharge temperature B. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressure C. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressure D. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records
市场营销：概论 在过去的一百多年中，市场营销作为一项商业职能，其职责和概念有了长足的发展。最初，市场营销活动仅仅关注如何完成商业交换，即让顾客去买东西。通常一些较大的商业力量经常自己完成销售活动。在美国，在这些商业力量的影响下，销售过程的发展可以分为几个时期。Perreault和McCarthy 总结为以下五个时期（1）简单贸易时期（2）产品时期（3）销售时期（4）市场营销部门时期（5）市场营销公司时期。为了了解现代市场营销在美国商业中如何发挥作用，回顾每个时期的销售行为是很有帮助的。在讨论其发展过程后，将可以依据它在美国商业行为中的运做而提出一个现代市场营销的定义。 在简单贸易时期，通常“制造商”是专门生产一种或几种产品的乡村家庭。这些产品通常是农作物或牲畜，但是他们可以是使用简单的手工工具来完成的技艺。剩余的产品就卖给或以实物交换给当地的中间商，这些中间商又寻找更远的顾客来出售他们收集来的产品。这个时期在西方社会持续了几百年。此外，这个时期的中间人的活动范围都比较大。举个例子，文艺复兴时期的意大利特别是威尼斯商人，从印度、中国和东南亚进口商品。这些商人是这个简单贸易时期运作最成功的商人。 当19世纪末，工业革命在欧洲兴起的时候，美国开始发展起来，这时产品时期也取代了简单的贸易时期。产品时期最明显的特征就是机器使用率的提高和新的组织技术的发展，这些大大促进了产品数量的增加。因此有很多商品都能以较低的价格提供给更多的顾客，从而也大大刺激了需求的增长。所以，很多公司把更多的精力放在提高生产技术上。生产效率很高的公司很少关注产品的销售，因为这个时期需求远远大于供给。如果公司生产一件产品，通常就有现成的买主在等待着。 到了19世纪30年代，很多生产商已经大大地提高了产量，使得西方国家很多行业的生产能力超过了潜在顾客的需求，这就导致了销售时代的来临。销售时代的特征是相信顾客不愿购买产品，部分原因是因为如此众多的公司为了获得客户的关注而展开竞争。在这个时代，大多数公司向销售人员传授成功的销售技巧，这些技巧可以征服潜在顾客心中的抵制情绪。因此，销售人员常常成为了说服艺术和人际交往的专家。在大多数极端的案例中，很多销售策略都是为了操纵消费者，而很少或根本不顾及顾客是否对产品有需求。 随着大多数行业的销售和大部分西方国家在第二次世界大战后得到发展，销售时代过渡到市场营销部门时代。市场营销部门时代认为销售是一个更全面的活动，而非个体销售代表征服客户的活动。销售活动已经扩大到更多非个人的交流形式，而且组织创立了市场营销部门来协调整个公司的销售活动。在市场营销部门时代，营销经理主要贯彻执行由公司经理制定的销售战略。例如，20世纪50~60年代通用汽车公司通过市场营销部门来协调销售取得了巨大的成功。通过整合广告，特别是个人销售技巧，通用汽车公司在美国汽车业处于统治地位。
Lesson One Translate the following passage into Chinese 1.紧缩性货币政策和扩张性货币政策都涉及到改变一个国家的货币供应量水平。 扩张性货币政策增加货币供应量，而紧缩性货币政策会减少货币供应量。 2.当联邦储备体系在公开市场上购买有价证券，会引起证券价格上涨。债券价格 和利率成反比关系。联邦贴现率就是一种利率，因此降低联邦利率实际上就是 降低利率。如果联邦储备系统决定降低法定储备要求，那么银行能够进行投资 的资金会增加。这会引起投资比如债券价格的上涨，因此利率会降低。无论联 邦储备体系用何种方法来增加货币供应量，利率都会降低，债券价格会上涨。 Translate the following sentences into English 1. China would maintain a stable currency and prudent monetary policy, and expected to stay within its growth and inflation targets this year 2.China would also maintain a prudent monetary policy to support economic development while preventing inflationary pressure and financial risks 3. China’s economy continued to grow steadily and rapidly in the first quarter, with investment in fixed assets slowing and domestic consumption accelerating. 4.because of China’s large increase in its trade surplus and foreign exchange reserves in the first quarter, the effectiveness of its monetary policy — used to help control inflation — was facing “serious challenges.” 5. The central bank would seek to further streamline its foreign exchange system to facilitate the orderly outflow of funds. At the same time, it would tighten the management of foreign exchange inflows and settlement. —Three Translation: Translate the following passage into Chinese 1．外汇交易当然是指两种不用货币之间的交易了。每一组货币的交易或“买卖”都包含两个部分。一个是即期市场，在这个市场中支付（交付）需在交易时立即进行（在实际操作中一般是在第二个交易日进行），另一个就是远期市场。远期市场的汇率是在交易的时候就先确定了，但实际的交易，或交付则是在未来的某个特定时间进行的。 2．外汇交易期权是指一种货币和另一种货币在未来进行交付的一个合同，在此合同中，
一、海图及海图作业50题 [251]To agree with larger scale chart，latitudes taken from this chart should be increased ______ about 8 seconds． A. with B. in C. by D. to [252]On this chart only the principle ______ to navigation are shown．A.equipment's B.tools C.apparatus D.aids [253]Many of the soundings shown on the chart are derived from _____.Undue reliance should not be placed upon them． A. complete and often very poor surveys B. correct and often very good surveys C. inadequate and often very old surveys D. adequate and present surveys [254]Lines on a chart which connect points of equal magnetic variation are called ______. A. magnetic latitudes B. magnetic declinations C. dip D. isogonic lines [255]Isogonic lines are lines on a chart indicating ___. A. points of equal variation B. points of zero variation C. the magnetic latitude D. magnetic dip [256]In which source could you find the number of a chart for a certain geographic area? ______. A. Chart No. 1 B. Catalog of Charts C. IMO Practical Navigator D. IMO Light List [257]How is the annual rate of change for magnetic variation shown on a pilot chart? ______. A. Gray lines on the uppermost inset chart B. Red lines on the main body of the chart C. In parenthesis on the lines of equal magnetic variation D. Annual rate of change is not shown. [258]Charted depth is the ______. A.vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom，plus the height of tide B.vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom C.average height of water over a specified period of time D.average height of all low waters at a place [259]Chart correction information is NOT disseminated through the ______. A. Summary of Corrections B. Local Notice to Mariners C. Daily Memorandum D. Chart Correction Card [260]All straight lines represent great circle tracks on a chart based on a(n) ______. A. Mercator projection B. polyconic projection C. orthographic projection D. gnomonic projection [261]A revised print of a chart is made ______. A. after every major hydrographic survey of the area covered by the chart B. when there are numerous corrections to be made or the corrections are extensive C. when a low-stock situation occurs and minor corrections are made D. every two years to update the magnetic variation information [262]A Mercator chart is a ______. A. cylindrical projection B. simple conic projection C. polyconic projection D. rectangular projection [263]______ chart 3994，positions read from this chart should be shifted 0．03 minutes Northward． A. To consider B. To check C. To examine D. To agree with [264]The changes in the channel's sands and buoys on this coast are ______ this chart can not be considered as a safe guide of the channel．A. frequent B. so frequent C. frequent that D. so frequent that [265]______ is a term denoting the determination of a ship's position by observations of Celestial or terrestrial objects，or by a combination of both． A. Course-planning B. Position-fixing C. Radar-plotting D. Stowage-plan making [266]A chart position enclosed by a semi-circle is a(n) A. fix B. estimated position C. dead reckoning position D. running fix [267]A true bearing of a charted object，when plotted on a chart，will establish a ______. A. fix B. line of position C. relative bearing D. range [268]Admiralty Charts are published in ______. A. U．S．A B. China C. U．K D. Japan [269]Attention is ______ the advice on the use of charts in The Mariner's Handbook Chapter 3，Section 1．A. fixed to B. needed for C. pushed to D. drawn to [270]Distance along a track line is measured on a Mercator chart by using the ______. A. latitude scale near the middle of the track line B. longitude scale near the middle of the track line C. latitude scale at the midlatitude of the chart D. latitude or longitude scale at the middle of the scale [271]Entering from sea，a daymark on the port side of the channel would be indicated on a chart by a ______. A. red triangle with the letter R B. white triangle with the letters RG C. green square with the letter G D. white square with the letters GR [272]Magnetic information on a chart may be ______. A. found in the center(s) of the compass rose(s) B. indicated by isogonic lines C. found in a note on the chart D. All of the above [273]My position has been obtained ______ astronomical observation．A. with B. from C. on D. by [274]Navigational charts are ______ frequent changes，the important one of which are promulgated by Admiralty Notices to Mariners． A. published with B. combined with C. in connection with D. subject to [275]On the south and the east coasts of Block Island are circles with a dot in the center and labeled CUP. This is a ______. A. conspicuous object B. steep depression in the surrounding hills that resembles a cup C. domed structure useful for navigation D. calling-up-point used for traffic control [276]Solid green arrows on the main body of a pilot chart indicate ______. A. prevailing wind directions B. prevailing ocean current directions C. probable surface current flow D. shortest great circle routes [277]The agonic line on an isomagnetic chart indicates the ______. A. magnetic equator B. magnetic longitude reference line C. points where there is no variation D. points where there is no annual change in variation [278]The buoy symbol printed on your chart is leaning to the northeast. This indicates ______. A. you should stay to the north or east of the buoy B. you should stay to the west or south of the buoy C. the buoy is a major lighted buoy D. nothing special for navigational purposes [279]The chart of a beach area shows a very flat slope to the underwater beach bottom. What type of breakers can be expected when trying to land a boat on this beach? A.Surging B.Spilling C.Plunging D.Converging [280]The chart symbol indicating that the bottom is coral is ______. A. C B. Cl C. Co D. c [281]The charts sold are of ______. A. newly edition with up to date correction and in reasonable prices． B. the current edition and incorporate the last Notices to Mariners correction C. the current edition and incorporate the latest Notices to Mariners correction at the time of sale． D. brand-new one with up to date correction and clean writing [282]The compass rose on a nautical chart indicates both variation and ______. A. deviation B. annual rate of variation change C. precession D. compass error [283]The description Racon beside an illustration on a chart would mean a ______. A.radar conspicuous beacon B.circular radiobeacon C.radar transponder beacon D.radar calibration beacon [284]The maximum difference between mean time and apparent time is ______. A. equal to the longitude expressed in time units B. about 16 minutes C. the difference between the GHA of mean sun and the first point of Aries D. 15°of arc [285]The numeral in the center of a wind rose circle on a pilot chart indicates the ______.
中华人民共和国海事局 2009年第5期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第48期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：803 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶大管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至82题，每题1分，第83题至94题，每题1.5分。 一、单项选择题： 1. The reason why more and more of the large merchant vessels are being powered by medium-speed diesel engines is . A. they operate between 150 and 450 rpm B. they are connected to the propeller by gearing C. their smaller size and weight D. they can be connected directly to the propeller without gearing 2. The closing of the exhaust valves used on a modern, large, low-speed, main propulsion diesel engine may be directly provided by . A. large conical springs B. compressed air pressure C. hydraulic pressure D. exhaust gas pressure 3. One of the factors limiting the amount of toad which can be put on a modem marine diesel engine is the . A. governor sensitivity B. exhaust temperature C. fuel injection pressure D. speed of the cam shaft 4. The desirable properties or a marine fuel oil should inc lude . A. high flash point and high viscosity B. low flash point and high viscosity C. low heating value and high sulphur content D. high heating value and low sulphur content 5. As the plunger moves upwards in the barrel, injection will commence once the plunger bas the spill ports and the pressure builds up. A. opened up B. closed off C. lined up D. taken off 6. In an auxiliary diesel engine bypass type lubricating oil system, the main lube oil pump forces . A. all of the oil used by the engine through a filter B. some of the oil used by the engine through a filter C. some of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge D. all of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge 7. Because the circulating water is in a closed loop, is installed to cater for expansion and contraction of the water at different conditions of operation. A. an expansion joint B. a drain tank C. a head tank D. a contraction tank 8. The high air velocity leaving the compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger is converted to pressure in the . A. inlet nozzle ring B. turbine wheel blade C. diffuser passages D. inlet volute 9. is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air start valve. A. An air receiver B. An operating valve C. An automatic valve D. An air distributor 10. Diesel engines driving alternators operating in parallel must maintain a set frequency regardless of load changes. The governor characteristic used to accomplish this is known as . A. actuation B. sensitivity C. compensation D. promptness 11. By comparing the exhaust gas temperature of each cylinder, the operator can determine if the load is balanced throughout the engine. The device most commonly used is a . A. tachometer B. pyrometer C. dynamometer D. calorimeter 12. When the ship is going to enter into the harbor, ____. A. change from heavy fuel oil to diesel oil for main engine B. pumping out bilge water C. change sea chest from high level one to lower level one D. test emergency generator 13. If the jacket water temperature rises rapidly above normal in a diesel engine, you should first . A. place standby cooler in operation B. reduce engine toad C. check thermostatic valve D. clean sea water strainer 14. Air cocks, usually positioned at the in a circulating system, is used to get rid of the air in the system. A. bending joint B. expansion tank C. weld D. the highest point 15. Which of the following conditions could contribute to the cracking of a diesel engine cylinder head? A. Leaking seal ring B. Insufficient heat transfer from the exhaust valves C. Blocked cooling water passages to the head D. Excessive scavenging air provided to the engine 16. of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of' crank webs for each unit of the engine. A. Misalignment B. Length C. Strength D. Stresses 17. can be a direct cause of faulty operation of diesel engine fuel injection nozzles. A. Excessive fuel nozzle holder cooling B. Sediment in the fuel supply C. Distortion of the fuel spray pattern D. Improper atomization of the fuel 18. When fuel is injected late into a diesel engine cylinder . A. the exhaust will be clear B. fuel consumption will be low C. all the fuel will be burned at top dead center D. fuel consumption will be high 19. A large change in ambient temperature, or using an oil of a viscosity different than the one recommended by the manufacturer in a mechanical hydraulic governor, will result m the need to adjust the . A. pilot valve opening B. compensating needle valve C. compensating spring tension D. accumulator spring tension 20. Which of the following factors tends to increase scale formation on the saltwater side of a heat exchanger used in a diesel engine cooling water system? A. Baffle plates that have been bent during prior removal. B. Leaks m the cooler tube nest. C. Operating the engine while maintaining a high sea water outlet temperature. D. A punctured sea water strainer supplying cooling water to the heat exchanger. 21. If the scavenge fire is of a more major nature, if there is a risk of the fire extending or if the scavenge trunk is adjacent to the crankcase with risk of a hot spot developing it sometimes becomes necessary to the engine. A. stop B. start C. speed up D. slow down 22. In an operating diesel engine, which of the following conditions is an indication of a leaking air starting valve?