形容词和副词辨析
(一)几组易混形容词的比较
1.common,usual,normal,ordinary,regular
2.special,especial,specific,particular,peculiar
3.alive,live,living,lively
4.effective,efficient,beneficial
5.considerate,considerable
considerate考虑周到的,体贴的;considerable相当多的。如:
This is a fairly easy book.这是一本相当浅易的书。This one is rather too large.这个稍大了一点。It’s rather warmer today.今天暖和多了。3.most∕mostly∕almost
4.possibly∕probably∕perhaps∕maybe
5.still,yet
“语境+词义”法
通过准确理解句意,同时结合四个选项的不同词义,代入题干,看哪个选项最符合语境,从而做出正确的选择。
例1 Be ________ —you can’t expect me to finish all this work in so little time.
A.reasonable B.confident C.creative D.grateful
解析句意:要理智——你不可能期望我在如此短的时间里把这项工作全部做完。本题考查形容词辨析。A:合理的,公道的,理智的;B:自信的;C:创造性的;D:感激的,表示感谢的。
答案 A
例2 The secretary arranged a( n) ________ time and place for the applicants to have an interview.
A.important B.spare C.public D.convenient
解析句意:秘书为申请人安排了一个方便的时间和地点进行面试。考查形容词辨析。convenient方便的,便利的;important重要的;spare业余的;public公开的。D项符合语境。
答案 D
例3 Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ________ respected.
A.especially B.equally C.naturally D.normally
解析句意:任何人,无论是政府官员还是公交司机,都应该受到平等尊重。本题考查副词辨析。especially特别,尤其,格外;equally平等地;naturally自然地;normally通常,正常地。
答案 B
例4 —Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind? —Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still ________.
A.available B.affordable C.acceptable D.valuable
解析句意:——你能借给我《飘》这本书吗?——对不起,我刚才还给图书馆了。也许仍可以借得到。本题考查形容词辨析。available可得到的;affordable付得起的;acceptable可接受的;valuable有价值的。根据句意,A项符合,故选A。
答案 A
例5 The research lacks ________ evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.
A.solid B.fierce C.severe D.potential
解析句意:这项研究缺乏确凿的证据,因此,其结论也值得怀疑。此题考查形容词的辨析。solid结实的,固体的,可靠的;fierce凶猛的,强烈的;severe严重的;potential潜在的。根据句意,选A。
答案 A
例6 We used to see each other ________, but I haven’t heard from him since last year.
A.especially B.regularly C.particularly D.approximately
解析句意:我们以前经常见面,但自从去年我再也没收到他的音讯。考查副词辨析。especially特别,尤其;regularly经常地,有规律地;particularly特别,尤其;approximately大概,大约。根据题意选B。答案 B
例7 The named ticket system, where ________ ID is needed when people purchase tickets, was first introduced during the Spring Festival this year.
A.stable B.universal C.favorable D.valid
解析句意:今年春节期间首次出台了实名制购票制度,在这一制度下,人们购票时需要有效身份证。考查形容词辨析。valid意为“有效的,正当的”,符合句意;stable意为“稳定的,牢固的”universal意为“普遍的,通用的”,favorable意为“有利的,良好的”,均不符合句意。故答案选D。
答案 D
例8 E-mails, though ________ exposed to misleading information, are considered far more convenient than traditional letters.
A.occasionally B.especially C.originally D.naturally
解析句意:尽管电子邮件中偶尔会出现误导性信息,但其仍然被认为比传统信件要方便得多。occasionally意为“偶尔,间或”,符合句意;especially意为“尤其,特别”,originally意为“最初,起初,本来”,naturally意为“自然地”,均不符合句意。故答案选A。
答案 A
例9 The spokesman said that this was a ________ negotiation, because it solved a lot of problems between the two sides.
A.primitive B.persuasive C.protective D.productive
解析句意:这位发言人说这是一次有成效的谈判,因为它解决了双方的许多问题。考查形容词辨析。A项意为“原始的;早期的”;B项意为“有说服力的”;C项意为“保护的”;D项意为“生产的,富有成效的”。D项符合句意。故答案选D。
答案 D