Thinking as a Hobby
by William Golding
While I was still a boy, I came to the conclusion that there were three grades of thinking; and since I was later to claim thinking as my hobby, I came to an even stranger conclusion - namely, that I myself could not think at all.
I must have been an unsatisfactory child for grownups to deal with. I remember how incomprehensible they appeared to me at first, but not, of course, how I appeared to them. It was the headmaster of my grammar school who first brought the subject of thinking before me - though neither in the way, nor with the result he intended. He had some statuettes in his study. They stood on a high cupboard behind his desk. One was a lady wearing nothing but a bath towel. She seemed frozen in an eternal panic lest the bath towel slip down any farther, and since she had no arms, she was in an unfortunate position to pull the towel up again. Next to her, crouched the statuette of a leopard, ready to spring down at the top drawer of a filing cabinet labeled A-AH. My innocence interpreted this as the victim's last, despairing cry. Beyond the leopard was a naked, muscular gentleman, who sat, looking down, with his chin on his fist and his elbow on his knee. He seemed utterly miserable.
Some time later, I learned about these statuettes. The headmaster had placed them where they would face delinquent children, because they symbolized to him to whole of life. The naked lady was the Venus of Milo. She was Love. She was not worried about the towel. She was just busy being beautiful. The leopard was Nature, and he was being natural. The naked, muscular gentleman was not miserable. He was Rodin's Thinker, an image of pure thought. It is easy to buy small plaster models of what you think life is like.
I had better explain that I was a frequent visitor to the headmaster's study, because of the latest thing I had done or left undone. As we now say, I was not integrated. I was, if anything, disintegrated; and I was puzzled. Grownups never made sense. Whenever I found myself in a penal position before the headmaster's desk, with the statuettes glimmering whitely above him, I would sink my head, clasp my hands behind my back, and writhe one shoe over the other.
The headmaster would look opaquely at me through flashing spectacles. "What are we going to do with you?"
Well, what were they going to do with me? I would writhe my shoe some more and stare down at the worn rug.
"Look up, boy! Can't you look up?"
Then I would look at the cupboard, where the naked lady was frozen in her panic and the muscular gentleman contemplated the hindquarters of the leopard in endless gloom. I had nothing to say to the headmaster. His spectacles caught the light so that you could see nothing human behind them.
There was no possibility of communication.
"Don't you ever think at all?"
No, I didn't think, wasn't thinking, couldn't think - I was simply waiting in anguish for the interview to stop.
"Then you'd better learn - hadn't you?"
On one occasion the headmaster leaped to his feet, reached up and plonked Rodin's masterpiece on the desk before me.
"That's what a man looks like when he's really thinking."
I surveyed the gentleman without interest or comprehension.
"Go back to your class."
Clearly there was something missing in me. Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense and left me out. This must be so, I mused, on my way back to the class, since whether I had broken a window, or failed to remember Boyle's Law, or been late for school, my teachers produced me one, adult answer: "Why can't you think?"
As I saw the case, I had broken the window because I had tried to hit Jack Arney with a cricket ball and missed him; I could not remember Boyle's Law because I had never bothered to learn it; and I was late for school because I preferred looking over the bridge into the river. In fact, I was wicked. Were my teachers, perhaps, so good that they could not understand the depths of my depravity? Were they clear, untormented people who could direct their every action by this mysterious business of thinking? The whole thing was incomprehensible. In my earlier years, I found even the statuette of the Thinker confusing. I did not believe any of my teachers were naked, ever. Like someone born deaf, but bitterly determined to find out about sound, I watched my teachers to find out about thought.
There was Mr. Houghton. He was always telling me to think. With a modest satisfaction, he would tell that he had thought a bit himself. Then why did he spend so much time drinking? Or was there more sense in drinking than there appeared to be? But if not, and if drinking were in fact ruinous to health - and Mr. Houghton was ruined, there was no doubt about that - why was he always talking about the clean life and the virtues of fresh air? He would spread his arms wide with the action of a man who habitually spent his time striding along mountain ridges.
"Open air does me good, boys - I know it!"
Sometimes, exalted by his own oratory, he would leap from his desk and hustle us outside into a hideous wind.
"Now, boys! Deep breaths! Feel it right down inside you - huge draughts of God's good air!"
He would stand before us, rejoicing in his perfect health, an open-air man. He would put his hands on his waist and take a tremendous breath. You could hear the wind trapped in the cavern of his chest and struggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his ruined face go white at the unaccustomed visitation. He would stagger back to his desk and collapse there, useless for the rest of the morning.
Mr. Houghton was given to high-minded monologues about the good life, sexless and full of duty. Yet in the middle of one of these monologues, if a girl passed the window, tapping along on her
第一单元 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其实。 学习英语的几种策略 学习英语决非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种： 1．不要以完全相同的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I’m interested in English”，而说“我精于法语”则是“I’m good at French”?你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或密秘”是“learnthenewsorsecret”,而“获悉某人的成功或到来”却是“learn of someone’s success or arrival”?这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后在反复地听。 你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的xx。 4．抓住机会说。的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如，跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们
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2014101018 第五单元 Translation of Text A 夜莺与玫瑰 1 “她说如果我给她带去红玫瑰，她愿意和我一起跳舞。”年轻的学生哭喊道，“但满院子都没有一朵红玫瑰。” 2 这番话给在老橡树上自己巢中的夜莺听见了，她通过橡树叶张望，心中诧异。 3 “在我的花园没有红玫瑰！”他哭着说，他美丽的大眼满含泪水：“啊，圣贤之书我已读完，哲学奥妙尽藏心中，然而缺少一朵红玫瑰却使我的生活瞬时暗淡！” 4 “终于有一位重感情的人了，”夜莺说，“我曾日日夜夜为他歌唱，现在我终于见到他了。” 5 “王子明晚将举行一个舞会，”年轻的学生喃喃道：“我的爱人也将前往我若为他采得红玫瑰，她将和我一直跳舞到天亮。我会揽她入怀，而她也会偎依在我的肩头。但在我的花园没有红玫瑰，因此我只能独自坐那儿黯然神伤，心痛无比。” 6 “他确实是一个重感情的人，”夜莺说。真爱是美好的，它价胜千金。 7 “乐师们将奏乐助兴，”年轻的学生道，“我的爱人将和着竖琴和小提琴声翩翩起舞。她的身姿是如此的轻盈宛似蜻蜓点水般。但他是不会和我一起跳的，因为我没有红玫瑰献给她。”于是他扑倒在草地上，双手捂着脸放声痛哭起来。 8 “他为什么哭泣呢？”一只绿色的蜥蜴翘着尾巴经过他身边时问道。 9 “是啊，到底为什么呢？”一只在阳光下挥动着翅膀的蝴蝶问道。 10 “到底为什么呢？”一朵雏菊用低沉的声音对他的邻居说道. 11 “他为一只红玫瑰哭泣。”夜莺说。 12 “为了一朵红玫瑰？”他们叫道，“太荒谬了！”那本来就有点愤世嫉俗的小蜥蜴肆无忌惮的笑道。但是夜莺了解男孩的悲痛，默默无声地坐在橡树上。 13 突然她张开自己棕色的双翼，向空中飞去。她犹如影子般穿越树林，又如影子般越过花园。 14 在草地的中心一棵美丽的红玫瑰树傲然屹立。她看到后立即向它飞去：“给
大学英语精读课改革模式 关键词：教学模式；二语习得；阅读技巧；交际能力 长期以来，外语一直把精读课作为基础教学阶段的一门主课。笔者认为，有必要尝试一下改变精读课的传统做法。下面透过目前精读课存在的主要问题，提出几点改进建议。 一、主要问题 目前，基础教学阶段的精读课，名为精读，实为融听、说、读、写、译为一体的语言综合入门课。这在语言素材信手拈来的今天，对于入学时已掌握1600个单词、已具有基本语法知识，而听、说、读、写、译却又发展极不平衡的学生来说，这种传统精读课的教学模式已不再完全适用。其弊端在于：(1)语言素材不足。精读课基本是围绕有限的几篇文章进行解释和训练，不利于语言的自然习得，无法增强学生的语感。(2)忽视对阅读技能的训练。精读课注重对课文中语言现象的分析、讲解和操练，而对一系列阅读技能却没有必要的指导和训练。(3)无法兼顾学生入学时听、说、读、写、译的能力发展不平衡的状况。学生入学时的阅读能力远比其他能力强，但为了照顾其他能力的培养，只能选用语言较简单、内容较肤浅的素材。教材不能满足学生提高阅读水平的需求，限制了学生阅读能力的发展，抑制了学生的求知欲，影响了他们的知识面扩展。(4)忽略书面语和口语的差异。精读课十分重视围绕课文所进行的口语表达的准确性。为表达准确，学生往往要使用课文的语言，其结果是将书面语与口头语混为一体，忽视了语言的得体性。(5)忽略学生能力的发展。在精读课上，教师精讲，学生操炼。教学常常以掌握课文为目的，不重视对学生学习方法的指导，不重视学生独立思考、综合、分析能力的培养和发展。 二、建议 1．课程设置 目前新生入学时已掌握1600个单词并掌握了一定的语法知识，鉴于学生 的听、说、读、写、译能力发展不平衡，建议开设阅读、听力、口语、语法、写作等课程。这些课程分别将各门课程的技能训练作为教学的主要内容，并兼顾其他课程的技能训练，以促进和保证学生听、说、读、写、译五项技能的全面发展。 2．关于阅读课 阅读课旨在提高学生对书面语言的处理和表达能力。为此，一方面要不断扩大学生的词汇量和巩固语法知识；另一方面则要指导学生运用自己已有的阅读母语的技能，进行阅读技能的训练。因此，阅读课应注意以下原则：(1)提供数量为精读教材三倍的语言素材，以创造语言习得的条件。(2)教材的题材和体裁力
大学英语 1、要是有更多的钱，我就能在市区买一套公寓了。( with) With more money, I could buy an apartment in downtown. 2、记住一定要复习我们课堂上学过的新单词和词组。(make sure) Make sure that you must review these new words and phrases that you had studied in class. 3、他打量着她的脸，思考着如何告诉她那个消息。( study) Studying her face, he was thinking how to tell her that story. 4、市内交通被暴风雪阻断。( interrupt) The city traffic was interrupted by the snowstorm. 5、你可以帮我递一下那份考卷吗？(do sb. a favor) Can you do me a favor wether you pass that paper to me. 6、虽然老太太一个人住着，但她并不感到孤独。（alone, lonely） Althouth the old lady lives alone, she doesn’t feel lonely. 7、我希望有朝一日能够再见到你。(sometime) I hope I will meet you again sometime. 8、那个正和李教授谈话的人是个著名的艺术家，或类似的身份。( or something) That man who is talking with professor Li is a great artist or something. 9、我们应该充分利用网络资源获取信息。(make use of) We should make good use of the Internet to gain information. 10、他还没有意识到诚信的重要性。(be aware of) He isn’t aware of the importance of honesty. 11、老板进来的时候他假装在看一份重要文件。（pretend） He was pretended to read an important document when the boss came in. 12、警察有责任维护公共秩序和安全。(be responsible for) Police are responsible for the preservation of public order and security. 13、他是唯一穿着正装出席晚会的人，这使他感到很不自在。( out of place) He is the only one that wears formal clothes in the evening party, which makes him out of place. 14、我能有额外的时间来完成这个任务吗？（extra） Can I have extra time to finish the task. 15、这个新方法会帮助你们解决这个难题。（enable） This new method enables you to solve this difficult problem. 16、他不久就要离开了，但我们还没有找到可以替代他的人。(take the place of) He will be leaving soon, but we don’t fi nd a person to take the place of him. 17、那位著名演员在剧中扮演重要角色。（play a …role） The famous actor plays a important role in the play. 18、报纸影响思想潮流。( influence, current) Newspaper influences the current. 19、我以前从未听说过那个名字，他一定是新记者。( hear of ) I haven’t heared of the nam e, he must be a new reporter.
Page 39 6. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.It seemed impossible to me, but all the others looked very confident. Sth. seems (to be) + adj.(表) + to sb. 2.We looked around. There wasn't a building standing in sight. The earthquake seemed to have destroyed everything. Sth. /sb. +（seem + to do）复合谓语3.He seems to be in low spirits these days. Sth./Sb. + seem to be + 表语 wonder why. I think it's because he doesn't seem to be making much progress in his studies. He is afraid of being looked down upon by his classmates. Sb. + seem to do sth There seems to be 4.What are you looking for, Dick? I seem to have lost my key. How annoying! 5.If you find that a word doesn't seem to
make any sense in the sentence, you should look it up in the dictionary. That's the only way to learn to use a word. 6.They went on arguing for hours. Neither of them seem (to be) willing to listen to each other. I suddenly remembered someone saying "Discussion is an exchange of knowledge while argument is an exchange of ignorance." 7.The situation there seems to be very complicated. The government has promised to look into it. 8.My grandpa seems to be getting better and better, but he still needs somebody to look after him. 9.Economists have already come to the conclusion that the crisis seems to be coming to an end. W orld economy is looking up. 10.When I got well I looked at my bank account. To my sadness, I found my balance was almost zero. All my savings in
2014101018 第六单元 Translation of Text A 青香蕉 1尽管这种事情在任何地方都可能发生，但我与青香蕉的邂逅却源自于巴西腹地一条险峻的山路上。我那老式吉普车正吃力地穿过景色优美的乡村，这时，水箱突然漏水了，而离我最近的汽车修理站也还要十英里。发动机过热迫使我在临近的村庄停了下来。村里有一个小商店和分布在四处的几座房子。有村民围过来看，三股细细的热水柱从水箱外壳上的小孔喷出来。“这容易解决，”一个人说到。他让一个小男孩跑去拿些青香蕉来。这个人还拍了拍我的肩膀，安慰我问题会解决的。“青香蕉。”他笑了，其余的人都这么说着。 2我和他们闲聊起来，心里却一直在想他们用这青香蕉怎么能修补好水箱。毫无疑问，提问会暴露我的无知，因此我开始赞叹眼前美丽的乡村景色。耸立在我们周围巨大的岩石群，很像里约热内卢著名的糖面包山。“看见那边那块高高的岩石了吗？”那人指着一块特别高而且细长的黑色石柱问我，“那块岩石标志着世界的中心。” 3我看着他，想知道他是否在和我开玩笑，但他却表情严肃，反过来认真地审视着我，似乎想确定我是否领会了他那句话的深刻含义。这种情况要求我必须表现出认同。他点头说：“绝对是中心。这儿的人都知道。” 4这时，小男孩抱着青香蕉回来了。那个男子把其中一根掰成两半，将其断口处按在水箱的外壳上。香蕉遇到炙热的金属融成了胶，立刻就堵住了漏洞。面对如此情景，我惊呆了，我当时的表情一定是傻傻的，所有的人都笑了起来。他们把我的水箱装满水，又让我带上一些香蕉，以防沿途中水箱再出问题。路上，我又用了一次青香蕉，一个小时后，我开着车到达了目的地。当地的一修理工笑着问我：“谁教你用青香蕉的？”我告诉了他那个村子的名字。“他们有没有指给你看标志世界中心的那块岩石?”他问道。我告诉他，他们指给我看了。“我祖父就是那儿的人，”他说，“那的确是中心。一直以来这儿的人都知道。” 5作为美国教育的产物，除了把青香蕉当作还没长熟的水果，我从来就没注意过它。但突然在那条山路上，当我需要它时，它正巧出现了。可是仔细想一想，其实青香蕉一直在那儿存在着。时间可以追溯到香蕉的最初的起源。那个村子里的人都知道它已经很多年了，我现在也因此认识它了。我开始珍视村民们的聪明才智和青香蕉的特殊潜能。曾有一段时间，我一直困惑于教育家们提出的“领悟的瞬间”，而现在我知道自己刚刚同时经历了两个这样的瞬间。 6我又用了一些时间来领会村民们认为那块标志着世界中心的岩石的重要性。开始时我怀疑他们的说法，因为我知道实际上世界的中心是位于新英格兰的某个
UNIT 1 As we are at the start of the course, this seems a good moment to offer some advice on how to make the task of learning English easier. 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其时。 Some Strategies for Learning English Learning English is by no means easy. It takes great diligence and prolonged effort. 学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 Nevertheless, while you cannot expect to gain a good command of English without sustained hard work, there are various helpful learning strategies you can employ to make the task easier. Here are some of them. 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。 1. Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way. Have you ever complained about your memory because you find it simply impossible to memorize all the new words you are learning? But, in fact, it is not your memory that is at fault. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them are bound to be crowded out. What you need to do is to deal with new words in different ways according to how frequently they occur in everyday use. While active words demand constant practice and useful words must be committed to memory, words that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a nodding acquaintance. You will find concentrating on active and useful words the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary. 1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2. Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things. Have you ever wondered why we say, "I am interested in English", but "I am good at French"? And have you ever asked yourself why native English speakers say, "learn the news or secret", but "learn of someone's success or arrival"? These are all examples of idiomatic usage. In learning English, you must pay attention not only to the meaning of a word, but also to the way native speakers use it in their daily lives. 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I'm interested in English”，而说“我精于法语”则是“I'm good at French”？你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或秘密”是“learn the news or secret”，而“获悉某
UNIT1 又一学年——为了什么？ 约翰·切阿迪 1.给你们讲讲我刚当老师时候的一次失败经历吧。那是1940年的1月，我从研究生院 毕业不久，在堪萨斯城大学开始第一学期的教学工作。一个瘦高，长得就像顶上有毛的豆角架一样的男学生走进我的课堂，坐下，双臂交叉放在胸前，看着我，好像在说：“好吧，教我一些东西。”两周后我们开始学习《哈姆雷特》。三周后他双手叉腰走进我的办公室，“看，”他说，“我来这是学习当药剂师的。我为什么必须读这个？”由于没有随身带着自己的书，他就指着桌子上放着的我的那本。 2.虽然我是位新老师，我本来可以告诉这个家伙许多事情的。我本来可以指出，他考 入的不是制药技工培训学校而是大学，而且他在毕业时，应该得到一张写有理学学士而不是“合格的磨药工”的学位证书。这证书会证明他专修过药剂学，但它还能进一步证明他曾经接触过一些人类发展史上产生的思想。换句话说，他上的不是技能培训学校而是大学，在大学里学生既要得到培训又要接受教育。 3.我本来可以把这些话都告诉他，但是很明显，他不会待很长时间，说了也没用。 4.但是，由于我当时很年轻而且责任感也很强，我尽量把我的意思这样表达出来：“在 你的余生中，”我说，“平均每天24小时左右。谈恋爱时，你会觉得它有点短；失恋时，你会觉得它有点长。但平均每天24小时会保持不变。在其余的大约8个小时的时间里，你会处于睡眠状态。 5.“然后在每个工作日8个小时左右的时间里，我希望你会忙于一些有用的事情。假 设你毕业于一所药科大学——或工程大学，法学院，或者其他什么大学——在那8个小时时间里，你将用到你的专业技能。作为一个药剂师，你要确保氯化物没有和阿斯匹林混在一起；作为一个工程师，你要确保一切都在你的掌控之中；作为一个律师，你要保证你的当事人没有因为你的无能而被处以电刑。这些都是有用的工作，它们涉及到的技能每个人都必须尊重，而且它们都能给你带来基本的满足。无论你还干些什么，这些技能都很可能是你养家糊口的本领。它们会给你带来收入；但愿你的收入总能够用。” 6.“但完成一天的工作后，剩下的8小时你做什么呢？比如说你可以回家，和你的家 人待在一起。你所供养的是一个什么样的家庭呢？孩子们在家里能接触到一点还算是精辟的思想吗？你主持的家庭中有民主气息吗？家里有书吗？有那种一般敏感的人看了不会发怵的画吗？孩子们会听到巴赫的音乐吗？” 7.这差不多就是我所说的，但这个讨厌鬼不感兴趣。“看，”他说，“你们教授用你 们的方法培养孩子；我会以我自己的方式抚养我自己的孩子。我呀，我会尽一切努力挣钱的。” 8.“我希望你能赚很多，”我告诉他，“因为你在开支票的余暇会愁没事干的。” 9.14年后的今天，我仍然在教书，在此我要告诉你们，大学的职责并不只是在于培训 你，它还要使你接触人类思想的精髓。如果你没时间看莎士比亚的作品，没时间看哲学入门，没时间欣赏艺术的存续，也没时间学习我们称之为历史的人类发展的课
大学英语精读第三版第一册Book1 Unit1 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed to memory 11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communicati on 6)express 7)compose 8)improvemen t 9)concentratio n 10)manageme nt 11)consider 12)motivate 13)developme nt 14)movement 15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 1) additional 2) add 3) addition 4) addition 1) effectively 2) effect 3) effective 4) effect 1) helpful 2) help 3) helpless 4) help 5) helplessly 6) helpfully 7) helpful 1) reliant 2) reliable 3) reliance 4) relies 5) reliably 6) reliable 1) repetition 2) repeating 3) repeatedly 4) repeated 5) repetition 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today's papers 5) In most doctors' opinion According to most doctors 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer. 4) There is always a black market not only in Britain, but also in other European countries. 5) At the Athens Olympics in 2004, Liu Xiang not only won a gold medal in the 110-meter hurdles, but also broke the Olympic record. 1) It is true that your sentences are all grammatically correct, but they don’t make any sense. 2) It is true that they lost that battle, but they still went on fighting. 3) It is true that Tom’s very clever and hardworking, but I still don’t think he is the right person for the job. 4) It is true that learning English is by no means easy, but we can make the task easier by using some learning strategies. 1) strategies 2) frequently 3) over and over again 4) commit to memory 5) acquaintance 6) watch out for 7) communicate 8) process 9) opportunities 10) rely on 11) put into practice 12) absorbed 1) if 2) about 3) it 4) know 5) up 6) as 7) addition 8) even 9) into 10) other 11) for 12) while 1) memorize 2) a matter of
现代大学英语精读教案 Revised final draft November 26, 2020
U n i t1H a l f a d a y 教学目的 1. 了解作者及其背景知识； 2．熟悉本文使用的写作手法； 3．掌握修辞疑问句、倒装句等修辞手法； 4．熟练掌握三类构词法； 5．通过深刻理解文章内涵，培养学生社会洞察力和相关的讨论能力，同时掌握文中的核心语言点。 教学内容 1. 热身 2．作者 教育与背景 主要着作 创作观 3．作品赏析 结构分析 如何赏析文学作品 扩展式讨论 4．写作技巧 省略疑问句和修辞疑问句 倒装句 “with”独立结构 5．语言理解 长难句解析 核心词汇学习 band, convince, daze, exert, intricate, observe, overlook, rank, revolve, startle, uviverse, vary 介词练习 构词法：-tion; -volve; -ly 6．课堂讨论 7．练与讲 教学重点 1. 文学作品的赏析； 2．文学中的修辞手法――省略疑问句和修辞疑问句；倒装句；“with”独立结构 3．构词法：前缀 教学方法结合实际吸收各种教学法（讲授、问答、讨论、模仿、练习、多媒体使用）的优点。 教学手段用投影仪播放PowerPoint课件及板书；群发电子邮件布置课堂资料和课后作业（或其来源）。 ⅠAbout the author ★ Naguib Mahfouz was born on the 11th Dec. 1911 in an old quarter of Cairo, the youngest son of a merchant. （mummies and pyramids / sphinx 狮身人面）
大学英语精读课的教学心得 本学期本人任教一年级大学英语课程，工作中自觉遵守教学规律，贯彻党的教育方针，以身作则，教书育人。关注本学科及相关的学术发展动态，刻苦钻研，努力提高自身业务水平，坚持学习，与同事进行交流合作，积极参加科组教研活动，例如到深圳职业技术学院参观学习，学院第二英语角活动，主动提出意见建议，促进教学教改。关心学院发展与建设，服从工作安排，遵守各规章纪律，保持全勤，参与学院的集体活动。以下是本人的几点教学心得： 我们的学生在中学阶段已经掌握了较系统的语法知识，故目前在教学中重点是提高学生的阅读理解能力，进而培养学生的书面表达能力。据学生反映，他们的难题主要是单词和课文内容。相应的教学方法是： 一、单独讲解单词。如果只是简单地解释词性、意思、词组，然后做翻译练习，不免显得枯燥，而且学生很难整节课都集中注意力，因而达不到良好教学效果。本人采用的方法是尽量地把本课单词有机地串联起来，帮助学生形成一种记忆链条，并且给他们定一个目标：Try to put everything in mind instead of on the notebook！例如，在这个单元中，主要探讨科学的发展及其对我们生活的影响。上课的时候，首先从手机（mobile phone）展开话题，由其体积大小、价格的变化，引出技术发展两个新词：technology，develop，（development），继而是技术发展的动力之一“竞争”（competition），而当今的竞争是激烈的（severe）、“全球性的”（global），创造力（inventiveness）、自创精神（initiative）尤为重要，接下来讨论科技发展（technology development）对我们日常生活的影响或关联（relevance）。到此，让学生尝试用几句话把这些词串连起来：Technology develops at a rapid rate nowadays. Anyway, the rapid development has been brought about by the force of competition, which is severe and global, and needs initiative. Does the development have any relevance to our daily life? Sure. Ten years ago, it was impossible for a student to have a mobile phone. 在讲解完一组相关的词后，让学生做课本的选词填空练习，巩固对单词词义的理解和掌握正确用法。其次，以游戏的方式练习词汇。由一或两名学生背对黑板，教师写上词或词组，全班同学给提示直到他们猜出词语。这样既活跃课堂又使学生有机会练习口头表达能力，也可锻炼当众表演的胆量。例如，dream一词，提示有：something in your mind when you sleep, sometimes it is true, sometimes it is imagination, people may appear, animal may also come into sight, you might be happy, might be frightened, even in horror……大量旧词汇得到复习。 二、课文讲解。由于课是两节或三节连堂，如果按照传统的语言点、加语法、再加句子分析翻译，学生很难完全接受。较可行的方法是分成三部分。第一，先完成整篇的理解性问题，课本的“content question”，让学生了解课文大概。第二，语言点、语法结构讲解，分段落完成。学生们逐段阅读，留一定时间给他们提问，然后就学生忽视的内容个别提问、再总结，形成教与学的互动，促使学生思考。第三，完成第一、第二阶段的教学后，再分析整篇文章的结构，每部分的main ideas，总结全文观点。让学生练习表达能力。同时回顾一些重要的细节或段落、句子，构成完整的篇章学习。部份故事性趣味性强的文章，采用分组表演，促进学生团对合作。很受欢迎。 三、课后练习：时间充裕的话，可让学生在课堂完成，再评讲，或者布置为家庭作业，课堂评讲。这也可作为语法、语言点的练习与复习。尽量运用本单元新学的知识，再与先前所掌握的作比较。 四、随堂测验。每讲完一小单元，如单词、语法或语言点之后，用十分钟左右进行随堂测验，可用口头或书面形式。可深化学生的记忆，达到良好的教学效果。 五、作业批改。学生首先关注的是分数，往往忽视错误部分，故批改时只圈出错的地方，学生自己改正后再上交，然后针对个别辅导。真正巩固知识。 以上是本人的教学心得。在今后的工作中，本人将继续努力，不断提高教学水平，高质量完成教学任务。
Book 4-Unit 5 Text A The Telephone Anwar F. Accawi 1.When I was growing up in Magdaluna, a small Lebanese village in the terraced, rocky mountains east of Sidon, time didn't mean much to anybody, except maybe to those who were dying. In those days, there was no real need for a calendar or a watch to keep track of the hours, days, months, and years. We knew what to do and when to do it, just as the Iraqi geese knew when to fly north, driven by the hot wind that blew in from the desert. The only timepiece we had need of then was the sun. It rose and set, and the seasons rolled by and we sowed seed and harvested and ate and played and married our cousins and had babies who got whooping cough and chickenpox—and those children who survived grew up and married their cousins and had babies who got whooping cough and chickenpox. We lived and loved and toiled and died without ever needing to know what year it was, or even the time of day. 2.It wasn't that we had no system for keeping track of time and of the important events in our lives. But ours was a natural or, rather, a divine — calendar, because it was framed by acts of God: earthquakes and droughts and floods and locusts and pestilences. Simple as our calendar was, it worked just fine for us. 3.Take, for example, the birth date of Teta Im Khalil, the oldest woman in Magdaluna and all the surrounding villages. When I asked Grandma, "How old is Teta Im Khalil?" 4.Grandma had to think for a moment; then she said, "I've been told that Teta was born shortly after the big snow that caused the roof on the mayor's house to cave in." 5."And when was that?" I asked. 6."Oh, about the time we had the big earthquake that cracked the wall in the east room." 7.Well, that was enough for me. You couldn't be more accurate than that, now, could you? 8.And that's the way it was in our little village for as far back as anybody could remember. One of the most unusual of the dates was when a whirlwind struck during which fish and oranges fell from the sky. Incredible as it may sound, the story of the fish and oranges was true, because men who would not lie even to save their own souls told and retold that story until it was incorporated into Magdaluna's calendar. 9.The year of the fish-bearing whirlpool was not the last remarkable year. Many others followed in which strange and wonderful things happened. There was, for instance, the year of the drought, when the heavens were shut for months and the spring from which the entire village got its drinking water slowed to a trickle. The spring was about a mile from the village, in a ravine that opened at one end into a small, flat clearing covered with fine gray dust and hard, marble-sized goat droppings. In the year of the drought, that little clearing was always packed full of noisy kids with big brown eyes and sticky hands, and their mothers —sinewy, overworked young women with cracked, brown heels. The children ran around playing tag or hide-and-seek while the women talked, shooed flies, and awaited their turns to fill up their jars with drinking water to bring home to their napping men and wet babies. There were days when we had to wait from sunup until late afternoon just to fill a small clay jar with precious, cool water.