福师1203 考试批次《高级英语（二）》复习题及参考答案一I. V ocabulary 20%
1.This very night I will dismiss such trivial phantasies as jumping sheep and crooked pictures, and evoke the phantom of a crushing, stupendous Bore.
A.lose sight of
B. give up
C. play with
D. make up for
2.In the story, there is an impossible character, a victim of insomnia, who finds that a volume of Wordsworth’s poems is the only sure ________.
A.incredulous
B. soporific
C. solitary
D. Indispensable
3.There is much work which is exceedingly irksome.
A.pleasant
B. satisfactory
C. annoying
D. Dissatisfactory
4.The Army would rescind the magazine’s accreditation to cover the war.
A.give honor to
B. pay attention to
C. pay respect to
D. put an end to
5.The modern cult of beauty is not exclusively a function of wealth.
A. attraction
B. praise
C. worship
D. Form
6.It was in the ________ light of the early dawn that I saw a man moving towards me.
A.dark
B. dim
C. damp
D. Dizzy
7.He ________ for a whole week before making that important decision.
A.thought of
B. depended on
C. meditated
D. Wondered
8.Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from drudgery.
A.great pleasure C. hard and dull work
B. serious mistake D. important duty
9.To counter their efforts, treasure hunters argue that without the lure of gold and million-dollar treasures, the wrecks and their historical artifacts would never be recovered at all.
A.knowledge
B. attraction
C. luxury
D. glare
10.The cult of beauty must therefore be symptomatic of changes that have taken place outside the economic sphere.
A.superior to
B. the signs of
C. bringing about
D. sympathized by
11.It was a disagreeable tangle, to be sure, something that a man of his position and wealth really ought not to have anything to do with.
A. Unhappy
B. Unpleasant
C. Enjoyable
D. Distaste https://www.doczj.com/doc/c5296523.html,
12.The next-best solution is to abandon the project altogether.
A.Work on
B. Cancel
C. Give up
D. Reject
13.They would have spoken out with great outrage and conviction.
A.Betrayal
B. Insult
C. Trust
D. Hope
14.Success is not achieved by sheer luck.
A.Mere
B. Clear
C. Completely
D. Overall
15.The lapse of year will never efface that scene of ruin from my memory
A.See
B. Eliminate
C. Erase
D. Forget
16.In one form or another this problem comes up again.
A.Emerge
B. Solve
C. Settle
D. Bring out
17.He deserves the title.
A.Gets
B. Serves
C. Awards
D. Is worth
18.Be able to undertake working pressure, good team spirit, strong working responsibility.
A.Take
B. Bear
C. Receive
D. Accept
19.How could you have anything but contempt for someone who could betray a friend?
A. Treat
B. Cheat
C. Turn against
D. Maltreat
20.Enthusiasm is a great force.
A. Feeling
B. Love
C. Hope
D.
Passion II. Text Comprehension: 20%
1.In J. B. Priestley’s essay, insomnia (sleeplessness) (“On Getting Off to Sleep”)
A.is incurable for all people.
B. is a praiseworthy agony inherent in an active and intellectual mind.
C. is not a problem in this world.
D. can be overcome if one has a strong will.
2.“The artificial ways of inducing sleep are legion, ...” (“On Getting Off to Sleep”)
A.nothing can help people get off to sleep.
B. the methods that people use to try to get to sleep are endless.
C. people try very hard to get to sleep.
D. it’s a hard job for people to get to sleep. This means that
3.In the sentence “when it is time to close the five ports of knowledge, most folks I know seem to find no difficulty in plunging their earthly parts into oblivion,” earthly parts refers to (“On Getting Off to Sleep”)
A.knowledge of the world.
C. five senses
B. five parts of the body.
D. state of sleeplessness
4.Which of the following is the organization of the essay “Why I Write”? (“Why I Write”)
A.The author first gives his theory about writing and then explains it with examples.
B. The author first tells his own experience as a writer and then gives his views about his motives for writing.
C. The author first explains in general the different views about motives for writing, and then gives his own views.
D. The author first gives his reasons for writing and then elaborates on the relationship between political stands and aesthetic achievements
5.Orwell first gives information about his early development because (“Why I Write”)
A.he thinks that is a very important part of his life.
B. his views about motives for writing were formed at that time.
C. he thinks that one cannot evaluate a writer’s motives without such background knowledge.
D. that was the time when he first came into contact with writing.
6.In the sentence “Writers share this characteristic with scientists, artists, politicia ns, lawyers, soldiers, successful businessmen -- in short, with the whole top crust of humanity,” the whole top crust of humanity refers to (“Why I Write”)
A.those most respected in society.
C. the most highly-educated people.
B. the richest people in the society.
D. those oppressing other social classes.
7.According to Russell, which of the following are advantages of work? (“Work”)
A.to prevent boredom and provide possibility of fulfilling oneself.
B. to make life interesting and constructive.
C. to be the cause of happiness and reduce boredom
D. to display one’s unusual skills and improve one’s personality
8. What are the two elements the author mentions that make work interesting?
A.eliminating tedium and providing outlets for satisfaction.
B. income and ambition.
C. the exercise of skill and construction.
D. income and reputation.
9.“To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization.” (“Work”) Which of the following may be a proper explanation of the sentence?
A.Only in the most recent development of an advanced society has man been able to use his leisure in a sensible way.
B. With the development of civilization, people have become unable to fill leisure intelligently.
C. Civilization has produced more leisure, so it requires more intelligence from people.
D. The more advanced society is, the more intelligently people spend their leisure time.
10.“Continuity of purpose is one of the most essential ingredients of happiness in the long run.” (“Work”) In this sentence, continuit y of purpose means
A.having a long-term goal instead of temporary purpose.
B. always having a goal ahead and working persistently toward it.
C. always having a new purpose at each stage of life.
D. always changing one’s purpose for work.
11.At the age of , the author (George Orwell) write his first poem.
A.Four or five
B. Five or six
C. Eight
D. Nine
12.What was the first poem of the author (George Orwell) about?
A.A monkey
B. A tiger
C. A horse
D. A frog
13.Who took down the first poem of the author (George Orwell) to dictation.
A.His mother
B. His father
C. His sister
D. His brother
14.Which is not one of the four great motives of George Orwell for writing?
A.Aesthetic enthusiasm
B. Political purpose
C. Sheer egoism
D. Cultural belief
15.______Was the first book of George Orwell in which he tried tofuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole.
A.Down and Out in London and Paris
B. Burmese Days
C. The Road to Wigan Pier
D. Animal Farm
16.What's the second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work?
A.It fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do.
B. It brings happiness to people.
C. It gives changes of success and opportunities for ambition.
D. It brings income to people.
17.What are the two chief elements that make work interesting?
A.The exercise of skill and benefit
B. The construction and income
C. The exercise of skill and income
D. The exercise of skill and construction
18.What does the author want to tell us in the text of I Would Like to Tell You Something?
A. About what Americans are doing.
B. About American's feeling coming back from the war.
C. About the Vietnam War
D. About his book .
19.The one American industry unaffected by the general depression of trade is the
A.Unpolluted industry
B. Service industry
C. Beauty industry
D. Food industry
20.According to the author, how are women freer than in the past?
A.They are freer to make decisions of their own.
B. They are freer to exercise the more pleasing, feminine privilege of being attractive.
C. They are freer to choose their way of living.
D. They are freer to make friends.
III. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase from the list below in its proper form: 15% literal; downright; tangible; faced with; derive; amount to; infer from; take it to heart; take it for granted; take refuge; reminiscent of;
1.Although she agreed with me I ________ her expression that she was reluctant.
2.Accused of incompetence, he ________ in lying.
3.That song is so ________ my childhood.
4.They are ________ various problems in carrying out the plan.
5. I know it was silly of me but I just ________ that they were married.
6.She ________ great joy from playing the violin.
IV. Cloze Test: 15 % There are ten blanks in the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper word taken from the list. Note that two of the given words are not applicable. activity; reluctant; contain; derived; opponent; acquired; competitive; of course; same; games; competent; separate
Every man who has _(1)_ some unusual skill enjoys exercising it until it has become a matter _(2)_, or until he can no longer improve himself. This motive to _(3)_ begins in early childhood: a boy who can stand on his head becomes _(4)_ to stand on his feet. A great deal of work gives the _(5)_ pleasure that is to be derived from _(6)_ of skill. The work of a lawyer or a politician must _(7)_ in a more delectable form a great deal of the same pleasure that is to be _(8)_ from playing bridge. Here of course there is not only the exercise of skill but the outwitting of a skilled _(9)_. Even where this _(10)_ element is absent, however, the performance of difficult feats is agreeable. V. Translation: 20% A. from Chinese to English
1. 没有一本书能真正免除政治倾向。那种认为艺术与政治不相干的观点本身就是一种政治态度。(free)
2.这次活动的成功已经远远超出我们所预期的。
考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P85
B. from English into Chinese
1. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books. 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P74
2.Women, it is obvious, are freer than in the past. Freer not only to perform the generally unenviable social functions hitherto reserved to the male, but also freer to exercise the mor leasing, feminine privilege of being attractive. 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P112
3.It is a success in so far as more women retain their youthful appearance to a greater age than in the past. 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P11
3 V. Answer the question: 10%
What are the problems old people in America have to face? ( “The Tragedy of Old Age in America”)
The tragedy of old age is not the fact that each of us must grow old and die but that the process of
doing so has been made unnecessarily and at times excruciatingly painful痛苦, humiliating 屈辱, debilitating (虚弱)and isolating(孤独) through insensitivity(冷漠) , ignorance愚昧and poverty .
复习题一参考答案：I. 1-5 BBCDC 6-10 BCCBB 11-15 BCBCC 16-20 ADBCD II. 1-5 BBCBC 6-10 AACDB 11-15 ABADD 16-20 CDBCB III. (1) inferred from (2) took refuge in (3) reminiscent of (4) faced with (5) can’t take it to heart (6) derives IV. (1) acquired (2) of course (3) activity (4) reluctant (5) same (6) games (7) contain (8) derived (9) opponent (10) competitive V A 1. There is no book can free itself from political trend. The attitude freeing art from politics is a kind of political attitude. 2．The success of the activity has greatly exceeded our expectation. B．1. 在十七到二十四岁之间，我曾努力试图放弃这一念头，但是却感觉到我在侮辱自己的真实本性，并且迟早我得安定下来开始写作。 2. 很明显，妇女比过去自由多了。她们不但可以更加自由地从事男子们一直以来都独享的并不值得羡慕的社交活动，而且还可以更加自由地运用更令人愉快的女性吸引力的特权。3. 成功的是，女性可以将其年轻的容貌保持到较过去更长的年龄。
福师1203 考试批次《高级英语（二）》复习题及参考答案二I. V ocabulary: 20%
1.A prominent anchorman warns of TV’s adverse effect on America’s culture.
A.negative A. disposable
B. obvious
C. outstanding
D. advisory D. perceptible
2.He was so disappointed when the manager said that his plan was completely _______.
B. dismissable
C. Incredible
3. In short, a lot of television usurps one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it.
A.seize
B. use
C. apply
D. concentrate 4. This very night I will dismiss such trivial phantasies as jumping sheep and crooked pictures, and evoke the phantom of a crushing, stupendous Bore. A. completely dull B. extremely difficult C. surprisingly great D. peacefully seated 5. I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused. A. regrettably B. blamingly C. deliberately D. desperately 6. I tried to persuade him not to resign but it was ________. Now he’s going to have difficulty finding a new job. A. beyond my means B. apart from it C. of little avail D. out of question 7. I must confess that I always suspect the men who boast that they unvaryingly fall asleep as soon as they get into bed. A. admit A. put off A. detailed B. deny B. give up C. believe C. call on D. agree 8. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon the idea. D. put out D. additional D. drudgery 9. So far as I remember it always had the same meticulous descriptive quality. B. considerate C. accumulative C. excess 10. The computer will remove much of the ________ of research and leave time for the more interesting bits. A. hardships B. details 11. The modern cult of beauty is not exclusively a function of wealth. A. Love B. Worship C. Zest D. Like 12. The cold caused a tingle in my fingers.
A. Sting
B. Pain
C. Tickle
D. Itch 13. Like the birds or the beasts, musicians can sometimes be seers of tumultuous change. A. Troublous B. Changeable C. Variable D. Great 14. And picture myself as the hero thrilling adventures...... A. Happy B. Terrible C. Exciting D. Interesting 15. As they mastered 1024, they were able to procure a job and find a place to live. A. Find B. Obtain C. Look for D. Look after 16. With sincerity and sweat to win your satisfaction and trust. A. Contentment B. Happiness C. Joy D. Trust 17. A boy who can stand on his head becomes reluctant to stand on his feet. A. Willing B. Unwilling C. Eager D. Ready 心系天下求学人7 专业专注周到细致
18. This applies to not a few revolutionaries and militarists and other apostles of violence. A. Aggro B. Event C. Matter D. Issue
19. Before reaching a decision on an application, the Council shall allow the applicant to testify before it. A. Test B. V erify C. Examine D. Show 20. And if there is, it comes from people who are almost exhausted from past indignities inflicted on them. A. Insults B. Experiences C. Hardships D. Successes II. Text Comprehension: 20% 1. In J. B. Priestley’s essay, insomnia (sleeplessness) (“On Getting Off to Sleep”) A. is incurable for all people. B. is a praiseworthy agony inherent in an active and intellectual mind. C. is not a problem in this world. D. can be overcome if one has a strong will. 2. According to the author, which of the following will help people get off to sleep? (“On Getting Off to Sleep”) A. To imagine putting straight a picture. B. Counting sheep jumping over the fence. C. Imagining talking to those strong-willed people. D. None of the above. 3. “The artificial ways of inducing sleep are legion, ...” (“On Getting Off to Sleep”) A. nothing can help people get off to sleep. B. the methods that people use to try to get to sleep are endless. C. people try very hard to get to sleep. D. it’s a hard job for people to get to sleep. 4. In the sentence “wh en it is time to close the five ports of knowledge, most folks I difficulty in plunging their earthly parts into oblivion,” A. knowledge of the world. C. five senses B. five parts of the body. know This means that seem to find no earthly parts refers to (“On Getting Off to Sleep”) D. state of sleeplessness 5. What are the four great motives for writing according to George Orwell? (“Why I Write”) A. one’s own experience, one’s knowledge, one’s love for literature and politics B. egoism, aesthetic enthusiasm, historical impulse and political purposes. C. memory of the past, desire to express oneself, vanity and political attitude. D. none of the above. 6. Which of the following is the organization of the essay “Why I Write”? (“Why I Write”) A. The author first gives his theory about writing and then explains it with examples. B. The author first tells his own experience as a writer and then gives his views about his motives for writing. C. The author first explains in general the different views about motives for writing, and then gives his own views. D. The author first gives his reasons for writing and then elaborates on the relationship between political stands and aesthetic achievements. 7. Orwell first gives information about his early development because (“Why I Write”) A. he thinks that is a very important part of his life. B. his views about motives for writing were formed at that time. C. he thinks that one cannot evaluate a writer’s motives without such background knowledge. D. that was the time when he first came into contact with writing. 8. In the sentence “Writers share this characteristic with scientists, artists, politicians, lawyers, soldiers, successful businessmen -- in short, with the whole top crust of humanity,” the whole top crust of humani ty refers to (“Why I Write”) A. those most respected in society. B. the richest people in the society. C. the most highly-educated people. D. those oppressing other social classes. 9. In Russell’s view, ________. (“Work”) A. the most important advantage of work is that it provides means of self-satisfaction. B. the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness provided work is not excessive in amount C. work is the cause of happiness for those who are not lazy D. people like work because they hope to decide what to do for themselves. 10. According to Russell, which of the following are advantages of work? (“Work”) A. to prevent boredom and provide possibility of fulfilling oneself. B. to make life interesting and constructive.
C. to be the cause of happiness and reduce boredom
D. to display one’s unusual skills and improve one’s personality 11. Insomnia is discussed in the text entitled A. On Getting Off to Sleep . B. Why I Write C. Work D. The Beauty Industry 12. According to the author, one can write nothing readable unless one constantly struggles to A. Forget one's own identity B. Efface one's own
personality. C. Always think about oneself D. Forget everything of oneself
13. George Orwell is the pen-name for the British writer A. Mark Twain B. Robin Hood C. Eric Arthur Blair D. Bertrand Russell 14. According to the author, provided work is not excessive in amount, A. Even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. B. Even the most interesting work is to most people less painful than idleness. C. Even the dullest work is to most people more painful than idleness. D. Even the most interesting work is to most people more painful than idleness. 15. The author of Work thinks that most of the work that most people have to do is A. In itself interesting B. Not in itself interesting C. In itself boring D. Not in itself boring 16. According to the author, at present very few people have reached the level of A. Being able to fill leisure intelligently. B. Being able to fill satisfaction intelligently C. Being able to fill love intelligently 17. D. Being able to fill relaxation intelligently Is the last product of civilization. A. Being able to fill leisure intelligently. B. Being able to fill satisfaction intelligently C. Being able to fill love intelligently 18. As the author said that a boy who can D. Being able to fill relaxation intelligently becomes reluctant to stand on his feet. A. Stand on his hands B. Stand on his head C. Stand on his side D. Not stand on his head 19. Which of the authors below was one of the outstanding figures of 20th-Century British philosophy? A. Bertrand Russell B. George Orwell C. Aldous Huxley D. Katherine Mansfield 20. According to the author, human beings are A. Good B. Bad C. Poor D. Great generalizers. III. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase from the list below in its proper form: 20% literal; tangible; derive; call for; faced with; take it for granted; infer from; plunge … into oblivion; reconcile … with; in the case of; take it to heart; 1. Alth ough she agreed with me I ________ her expression that she was reluctant. 2. ________ news, this practice results in inefficient communication. 3. Most folks I know seem to find no difficulty in ____ their earthly parts ____. 4. They are ________ various problems in carrying out the plan.
5.I know it was silly of me but I just ________ that they were married.
IV. Cloze Test: 10 % There are ten blanks in the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper word taken from the list. Note that two of the given words are not applicable. activity; reluctant; contain; derived; opponent; acquired; competitive; of course; same; games; competent; separate Every man who has _(1)_ some unusual skill enjoys exercising it until it has become a matter _(2)_, or until he can no longer improve himself. This motive to _(3)_ begins in early childhood: a boy who can stand on his head becomes _(4)_ to stand on his feet. A great deal of work gives the _(5)_ pleasure that is to be derived from _(6)_ of skill. The work of a lawyer or a politician must _(7)_ in a more delectable form a great deal of the same pleasure that is to be _(8)_ from playing bridge. Here of course there is not only the exercise of skill but the outwitting of a skilled _(9)_. Even where this _(10)_ element is absent, however, the performance of difficult feats is agreeable. V. Translation: 20% A. from Chinese to English 10% 1.没有一本书能真正免除政治倾向。那种认为艺术与政治不相干的观点本身就是一种政治态度。(free) 2.不管怎样，在装饰自己上更为昂贵的试验和大马力汽车及电冰箱一样都是多数欧洲人经济能力所不及的。（means）3 当我把消息告诉他的时候，他用疑惑的目光注视着我。(gaze) B. from English into Chinese 1. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P74 2. Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P85 3. But the press isn't the only party in this country that's guilty of this rampant
insensitivity. 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P94 V. Answer the question: 10% Do you agree with Russell's view on construction and destruction? He discusses the question in terms of the amount of happiness and satisfaction they can bring to man. What do you think of this approach? (Work) 考核知识点：对课文的理解，参见P87-89
11
I. 1-5 ABDCD 6-10 CABAD 11-15 BAACB 16-20 ABABC
II. 1-5 BABCB 6-10 BCAAA 11-15 ABCAB 16-20 AABAD
III. (1) inferred from (2) took refuge in (3) reminiscent of (4) faced wi th (5) can’t take it to heart IV. (1) acquired (2) of course (3) activity (4) reluctant (5) same (6) games (7) contain (8) derived (9) opponent (10) competitive V. Translation:
20% A. 1. There is no book can free itself from political trend. The attitude freeing art from politics is a kind of political attitude. 2. In any case, the more costly experiments in beautification are still as much beyond most European means as are high-powered motor-cars and electric refrigerators. 3. When I told him about the news, he gazed at me skeptically. B．1. 我有孤独孩子自编故事的习惯并且和想象中的人物讲话，我想我的文学理想一开始就掺杂着孤独与轻视的情感。2. 究竟工作是幸福还是痛苦的源泉，这可能是一个难以回答的问题。 3. 但是在这个国家里，新闻界并非唯一对此麻木不仁的一方。
福师1203 考试批次《高级英语（二）》复习题及参考答案三I. V ocabulary 20%
1.I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. A. Single B. Unique C. Solitary D. Departing
2. I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. A. Valuable B. Valueless C. priceless D. Depreciatory
3. I shiver with the cold the damp air brings. A. Shower B. Tremble C. Shake D. Move
4. His subject matter will be determined by the age he lives in. A. Decided B. Made C. Controlled D. Taken
5. It is humbug to pretend that this is not a motive, and a strong one. A. Wrong B stupid C. Deception D. Fun
6. Desire to see things as they are, to find out true facts and store them up for the use of posterity. A. Relative B. Offspring C. Generation D. People
7.And the more one is conscious of one's political bias, the more chance one has of acting politically without sacrificing one's aesthetic and intellectual integrity. A. Prejudice B. Opinion C. Tendency D. View 8. It raises problems of construction and of language, and it raises in a new way the problem of truthfulness. A. Advances B. Poses C. Puts forward D. Emerge 9. I happened to know, what very few people in England had been allowed to know, that innocent men were being falsely accused. A. Knew what happened B. Knew by chance C. Didn't know D. Just knew 10. I happened to know, what very few people in England had been allowed to know, that innocent men were being falsely accused. A. Poor B. pure C. beloved D. Guiltless 11. For all one knows that demon is simply the same instinct that makes a baby squall for attention. A. Cry B. Laugh C. Attract D. Call 12. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from drudgery. A. Depression B. Suffering C. Fastidium D. Freedom 13. We may distinguish construction from destruction by the following criterion. A. Tell B. Say C. Separate D. Differ 14. On this subject it will be found that he will speak vaguely and without enthusiasm, whereas on the preliminary destruction he has spoken precisely and with zest. A. Clearly B. Unclear C. Intangibly D. Greatly 15. On this subject it will be found that he will speak vaguely and without enthusiasm, whereas on the preliminary destruction he has spoken precisely and with zest. A. previous B. Initial C. firstly D. Primary 16. On this subject it will be found that he will speak vaguely and
without enthusiasm, whereas on the preliminary destruction he has spoken precisely and with zest.
A. interest
B. ensusiasim
C. hope
D. emotion 17. The investigation was not staged so that veterans could spill out their hearts or purge their souls. A. clear B clean C purify D wash 18. But it is carried out in a far more vicious way with the soldier. A evil B guilty C poisonous D. Bad 19. He spoke of how some people glamorize the criminal misfits of society while the best men die in Asian rice paddies to preserve the freedoms that those misfits abuse. A beautify B good C charming D charm 20. He spoke of how some people glamorize the criminal misfits of society while the best men die in Asian rice paddies to preserve the freedoms that those misfits abuse. A remain B retain C protect D reserve II. Text Comprehension: 20% 1. Orwell first gives information about his early development because (“Why I Write”) A. he thinks that is a very important part of his life. B. his views about motives for writing were formed at that time. C. he thinks that one cannot evaluate a writer’s motives without such background knowledge. D. that was the time when he first came into contact with writing. 2. Who took down the first poem of the author (George Orwell) to dictation. B. His mother B. His father C. His sister D. His brother 3. What's the first motive of George Orwell for writing mentioned in the text? A. Political purpose B. Historical impulse C. Aesthetic enthusiasm D. Sheer egoism 4. The author of Work thinks that most of the work that most people have to do is B. In itself interesting B. Not in itself interesting C. In itself boring D. Not in itself boring 5. “The artificial ways of inducing sleep are legion, ...” (“On G etting Off to Sleep”) A. nothing can help people get off to sleep. B. the methods that people use to try to get to sleep are endless. C. people try very hard to get to sleep. D. it’s a hard job for people to get to sleep. 6. When George Orwell was eleven years old, the war of A. 1911 B 1915-18 C. 1914-18 D 1919 broke out. This means that 7. The writer wrote a patriotic poem which was printed in the local newspaper at the age of A. 11 B 12 C 13 D 14 8. The writer wrote a A novel B poem on the death of Kitchener at the age of 13. C essay D song 9. What did the author think of his "nature poems"? A. good and complete B good and usually unfinished C bad and usually unfinished D bad and complete 10. What's the first complete novel of George Orwell? A. Burmese Days B. The Road to Wigan Pier C. Animal Farm D. Nineteen Eighty-Four 11. George Orwell admitted that the motive of is a strong one. A. Political purpose B. Historical impulse C. Aesthetic enthusiasm D.Sheer egoism 12. “To be able to fill leisure intelligentl y is the last product of civilization.” (“Work”) Which of the following may be a proper explanation of the sentence? A. Only in the most recent development of an advanced society has man been able to use his leisure in a sensible way. B. With the development of civilization, people have become unable to fill leisure intelligently. C. Civilization has produced more leisure, so it requires more intelligence from people. D. The more advanced society is, the more intelligently people spend their leisure time. 13. In the sentence “when it is time to close the five ports of knowledge, most folks I know seem to find no difficulty in plunging their earthly parts into oblivion,” A. knowledge of the world. earthly parts refers to (“On Getting Off to Sleep”) B. five pa rts of the body. C. five senses D. state of sleeplessness https://www.doczj.com/doc/c5296523.html, 14. Russell thinks that generally speaking, A few B some C most D no 15. The author holds that A all B not all C none D no people would prefer work to idleness. generalizations are true. 16. The American people knew about what their boys were doing in Vietnam. A well B nothing C very little D something 17. The veterans felt by their country. A fooled B cheated C betrayed D supported 18. The newspapers and magazines at home what was happening in Vietnam. A. genuinely reported B never reported C distorted D reported some of 19. The American soldiers were told that they were fighting in Vietnam to A pursue B
preserve C fight for D change 20. The author's view of the beauty industry is A positive B negative C optimistic D pessimistic . freedom. III. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase from the list below in its proper form: 15% 考核知识点：词汇的用法，参见P85-89 be apt to; irk; by all means; by any means; kill; by means of; require; outwit; by no means; actuate; literal; take for granted; procure; unmask; 1. They managed to trace his whereabouts ________ checking on his credit card expenditures. 2. The reason why a lot of the private businessmen failed after their initial success was because they had been _________ by the desire to grab as much money as possible in as short a time as possible. 3. After their mother died, they realized how important she had been in their lives. While she was alive, they had always ________ what she did for them. 4. If you play chess with the computer, it is not very easy to ________ it. 5. The boss’s condescending attitude ________ him so much that he decided to quit the job. 6. It is ________ impossible to learn swimming in three days if you have a good coach. 7. You have to ________ a building permit before you can start adding a wing to the house. 8. She ________ waited for a whole hour in the pouring rain, but the bus never came. 9. The Suzhou Style embroidery 10. A lot of retired people play chess to IV. Cloze Test: 15% There are ten blanks in the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper word taken from the list. Come up; fairly; perfect; first; clarity; consciousness; 1 again. The problem of language is 3 2 and would take too long to subtler; fuse; picturesquely; failure; In one form or another this problem discuss. I will only say that of late years I have tried to write less the time you have 4 and more exactly. In any case I find that by 5 book in any style of writing, you have always outgrown it. Animal Farm was the of what I was doing, to 7 which I tried, with full 6 political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole. 8 soon. It is bound to be a , I have not written a novel for seven years, but I hope to write another but I do know with some what kind of book I want to write. 考核知识点：对课文的熟悉程度和词汇的用法，参见P80 V. Translation: 20% A. from Chinese to English 1. 请任选一个数字。(at random) 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P93 2. 那首歌唤起了我童年的回忆。(reminiscent of) 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P93 B. from English into Chinese 1. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life. 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P74 2. A yellow beam of sunlight, filtering through the muslin curtains, slanted on to the table, where a matchbox, half open, lay beside the inkpot. 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P75 3. Perception of beauty in the external world, or, on the other hand, in words and their right arrangement. 考核知识点：对课文的理解和词汇的用法，参见P77 V. Answer the question: 10% What does Russell think are man's motives in work? What do you think should man's motives in work be? (Work) 考核知识点：对课文的理解，参见P85-89
复习题三参考答案：I. 1-5 CDBAC 6-10 BABBD 11-15 ACACB 16-20 BCAAB II. 1-5 CBDBB 6-10 CABCA 11-15 DDCCB 16-20 CCCBB III. (1) by means of (2) actuated (3) taken for granted (4) outwit (5) irked (6) by no means (7) procure (8) by all means (9) requires (10) kill IV. (1) comes up (2) subtler (3) pictureresquely (4) perfected (5) first (6) consciousness (7) fuse (8) fairly (9) failure (10) clarity V A 1. Please choose a number at random. 2．The song is reminiscent of my childhood . B．1. 我知道我有遣词用字的才能，也有面对不愉快事情的能力，而我认为这给我创造了一个私人的世界，供我在人生中失意时寻回自己。 2. 一缕金黄色的阳光透过平纹薄棉布窗帘，斜射在桌子上。桌上的墨水瓶旁边有一盒半打开的火柴。3. 能感觉到身外世界的美，或者词语及其恰当搭配的美。
Marrakech George Orwell As the corpse went past the flies left the resta urant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but t hey came back a few minutes later. The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boy s, no women--threaded their way across the market p lace between the piles of pomegranates and the taxi s and the camels, walling a short chant over an d over again. What really appeals to the flies i s that the corpses here are never put into coffin s, they are merely wrapped in a piece of rag an d carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulder s of four friends. When the friends get to the bu rying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot or tw o deep, dump the body in it and fling over i t a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which i s like broken brick. No gravestone, no name, no id entifying mark of any kind. The burying-ground is m erely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derel
1. scramble：The diary, whose copyright status was uncertain, became the object of a publishing scramble. 这本日记虽然不版权归属尚不确定，但已成了出版社炙手可热的争抢对象。 hectic: Things have been so hectic here his week, we hope they’ll simmer down after the holidays. 这个礼拜事情闹得沸反盈天，但愿假期过后情况会平静下来。 norm: Nowadays air-conditioned buses for tourists have become the norm. 如今游客作的客车都有空调，这已成为一种惯例。 dwindle: The ongoing investigation dwindled and died, finding no evidence that laws had been violated. 所作的调查没有发现任何人违法的证据，最后不了了之。 want for: She was kind enough to see that we wanted for nothing. 她很热心，尽量使我们什么都不缺。fraught: The field of corpus linguistics is fraught with unsolved questions. 语料库语言学领域有着许多尚未解决的问题。 let up: slow down The doctor has been working for fifty hours without letting up. 那医生已连续工作了50个小时没有休息。 disorient: He seems disoriented since he left the army, and doesn’t know what to do next. 自从退役以来，他似乎茫无头绪，不知下一步该做些什么。 carve out: He carved out a name/ place for himself in the engineering business. 他在工程技术领域干出了名气（争得了一席之地）。 burn out: Stop working and have a rest, or you’ll burn out. 停下来歇歇吧，不然要累垮的。 act out: psychiatry. to express unconsciously (a repressed impulse or experience ) in overt behaviour In the enclosed life of this small village, many passions are brought to the surface and acted out. 在这个与世隔绝的小村庄里，人们的七情六欲溢于言表，又表现得淋漓尽致。 dispense: The Red Cross dispensed food and clothing to the flood victims. 红十字会向水灾难民分发食品和衣物。 Druggists must dispense medicines with the greatest care. 药剂师配药必须一丝不苟。 2 modify: Human action can be modified to some extent, but human nature cannot be changed. 人类的行为可以作一定程度的改变，但人类的本性是不可变的。 provided: I’ll forgive her for her mistake provided that she apologizes to me. 只要她向我道歉，我就原谅她的过失。 atrophy: Skills atrophy from lack of practice. 技艺不练就荒疏。 diminish: Familiarity with the routine did not diminish his horror of living in prison. 尽管他对铁窗生活的一套常规耳熟能详，但也没有减轻身陷囹圄的恐惧感。 at heart: He seems friendly, but he is just a ruthless businessman at heart. 他看上去面善，但骨子里却是一个心狠手辣的商人。 precarious: The national leadership in the country was in precarious hands. 该国国家的领导权掌握在一些危险分子的手里。 predicate: The publicity predicated the novel’s success. 这部小说的成功取决于推广宣传。 embark: Our paper is embarking on a nation-wide campaign for increased circulation. 我们的报纸正在全国掀起一个扩大发行量的运动。 Mary embarked on her marriage with many hopes and fears. 玛丽怀着许多希望和忧虑开始了婚姻生活。actuality: A trip to the moon is now an actuality. 登月旅行现在已成为事实。 endow: Nature endowed her with beauty and wit. 她天生才貌双全。
青年人的四种选择 Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young People 在毕业前不久，斯坦福大学四年级主席吉姆?宾司给我写了一封信，信中谈及他的一些不安。 Shortly before his graduation, Jim Binns, president of the senior class at Stanford University, wrote me about some of his misgivings. 他写道：“与其他任何一代人相比，我们这一代人在看待成人世界时抱有更大的疑虑 ,, 同时越 来越倾向于全盘否定成人世界。” “More than any other generation, ” he said, “ our generation views the adult world with great skepticism, there is also an increased tendency to reject completely that world. ”很 明显，他的话代表了许多同龄人的看法。 Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries. 在过去的几年里，我倾听过许多年轻人的谈话，他们有的还在大学读书，有的已经毕业，他 们对于成人的世界同样感到不安。 During the last few years, I have listened to scores of young people, in college and out, who were just as nervous about the grown world. 大致来说，他们的态度可归纳如下：“这个世界乱糟糟的，到处充满了不平等、贫困和战争。 对此该负责的大概应是那些管理这个世界的成年人吧。如果他们不能做得比这些更好，他们又能拿 什么来教育我们呢？这样的教导，我们根本不需要。” Roughly, their attitude might be summed up about like this:“ The world is in pretty much of a mess, full of injustice, poverty, and war. The people responsible are, presumably, the adults who have been running thing. If they can’ t do better than that, what have they got to teach our generation? That kind of lesson we can do without. ” 我觉得这些结论合情合理，至少从他们的角度来看是这样的。 There conclusions strike me as reasonable, at least from their point of view. 对成长中的一代人来说，相关的问题不是我们的社会是否完美（我们可以想当然地认为是这 样），而是应该如何去应付它。 The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imperfect (we can take that for granted), but how to deal with it. 尽管这个社会严酷而不合情理，但它毕竟是我们惟一拥有的世界。 For all its harshness and irrationality, it is the only world we’ ve got. 因此，选择一个办法去应付这个社会是刚刚步入成年的年轻人必须作出的第一个决定，这通 常是他们一生中最重要的决定。 Choosing a strategy to cope with it, then, is the first decision young adults have to make, and usually the most important decision of their lifetime. 根据我的发现，他们的基本选择只有四种： So far as I have been able to discover, there are only four basic alternatives: 1）脱离传统社会
福师1203考试批次《学前心理学》复习题及参考答案一一、选择题（每小题2分，共30分） 1．自然实验法的特点是（B）。 A、所有实验条件是严格控制的 B、实验的整体情境是自然的，但某些条件是受控制的 C、在儿童的正常生活条件中观察其行为 D、根据一定的实验项目和量表，查明儿童心理发展的差别2．手的真正的触觉探索产生标志是（D）。 A、神经活动参与 B、口腔与手的协调 C、手与脚的协调 D、眼手协调 3．儿童的再认要比再现（A）。 A、发展早并好于再现 B、发展晚，但好于再现 C、发展晚，但比再现差 D、发展早，但比再现差 4．儿童心理发展的年龄特征是指（C）。 A、同一年龄阶段的人表现出来的典型的特征 B、和儿童生理成熟有关的年龄特征 C、儿童在每个年龄阶段中形成并表现出一般的、典型的、本质的心理特征 D、每个具体儿童的个别差异5．学前儿童想象萌芽的表现形式是（A）。 A、动作和语言 B、记忆和动作 C、记忆和语言 D、语言和情景 6、昔日同窗情，至今常怀念，这属于（B ） A、运动记忆 B、情绪记忆 C、形象记忆 D、语词记忆 7、儿童从5岁开始特别喜欢提问，对回答结果十分关心，并由此相应产生愉快、满足或失望、不满等情绪，这表明此时期幼儿已明显出现了（C ） A、道德感 B、美感 C、理智感 D、自我效能感 8、吴承恩在《西游记》中描写的孙悟空、猪八戒、沙和尚的形象是属于（D ） A、无意想象 B、幻想 C、再造想象 D、创造想象 9.（ A ）又称强直性颈部反射。 A . 击剑反射 B . 抓握反射 C . 惊跳反射 D . 游泳反射 10.注意的（ A ）是指在某一时刻人的心理活动选择了某个对象而离开了另外一些对象。 A . 指向性 B . 集中性 C . 特质性 D . 顺序性11.（ B）指区别颜色细致差 异的能力，亦称为辨色力。 A . 视敏度 B . 颜色视觉 C . 空间视觉D . 形状视觉 12.儿童最初出现的记忆全都 是（C）性质的记忆。 A．识记B．保持C．再认D．回 忆(再现) 13.幼儿园教师常常把刚入园 的哭着找妈妈的孩子与班内 其他孩子暂时隔离开来，这主 要是因为(C)。 A、老师不喜欢哭闹的孩子 B、 该幼儿不适合上幼儿园C、幼 儿的情绪容易受感染D、幼儿 常常处于激动的情绪状态 14. 幼儿看到故事书当中的 “坏人”，常常会把它抠掉， 即用动作把“坏人”去掉，造 成这种行为的主要原因是 （D ） A．幼儿的情绪是完全表露 于外的 B．幼儿不会调节自己的情 绪表现 C．幼儿的情绪已趋稳定 D．幼儿的情绪具有冲动性 15.儿童自我意识的萌芽大约 出现在（B ）。 A．1岁之前 B．2岁左右 C．3 岁左右 D．3～6岁 二、名词解释（每小题5分， 共25分） 1．关键期 考核知识点：关键期，参考书 籍P26。 2．具体形象思维 考核知识点：具体形象思维， 参考书籍P186。 3．自我意识 考核知识点：自我意识，参考 书籍P327。 4.儿童心理年龄特征 考核知识点：儿童心理年龄特 征，参见P18 5.依恋 考核知识点：依恋，参见P359 三、简答题（每小题6分，共 30分） 1．简述儿童动作发展的一般 规律。 考核知识点：儿童动作发展的 规律，参考P292-293。 2．简述学前儿童理解的发展 趋势。 考核知识点：儿童理解的发展 趋势，参考P212-214。 3.引起学前儿童无意注意的 原因有哪些？ 考核知识点：无意注意，参见 P68 4.影响学前儿童性别角色行 为的因素？ 考核知识点：学前儿童性别角 色行为，参见P369 5.简要回答学前儿童能力发 展的特点？ 考核知识点：学前儿童能力发 展，参见P350 四、论述题（共15分） 1、举例说明学前儿童心理发 展的一般趋势。 考核知识点：学前儿童心理发 展的趋势，参考书籍 P387-390。 福师1203考试批次《学前心 理学》复习题及参考答案二 一、选择题（每小题2分，共 30分） 1. “兴趣”、“能力”、“性 格”是人的（D ）心理特征。 A．认知B．情绪C．意志D．个 性 2. （ A ）的研究对象是个 体从出生到衰老整个漫长过 程中心理的发生发展。 A．发展心理学B．普通心理 学C．学前教育学D．儿童解 剖生理学 3. （B ）研究正常的、成熟 了的人的心理活动的一般规 律。 A．发展心理学B．普通心理 学C．学前教育学D．儿童解 剖生理学 4. 儿童心理发展某种特征的 形成，在某一个时期容易出 现，过了这个时期，就难以产 生。容易形成某种心理特征的 时期，称为儿童心理发展的 （A）。 A．关键期B．原始期C．最近 发展区D．最佳期 5. 注意的（B ），不仅指在 同一时间内各种有关心理活 动聚集在其所选择的对象上， 而且也指这些心理活动“深入 于”该对象的程度。 A．指向性B．集中性C．特质 性D．顺序性 6. 婴儿能找到不论在什么情 况下藏起来的客体。这属于皮 亚杰所说的儿童注意发展的 （D）。 A、第一阶段（出生到2个月） B、第二阶段（1-4月） C、第五阶段（12-13月） D、第六阶段（15-18月） 7.幼儿指着天空中的某一片 云彩高兴地说：“妈妈，你看， 那是小孩骑大马。”这是属于 （A ）。 A、想象 B、判断 C、直觉 D、 下定义 8. 幼儿再造想像的主要特 点，不包括（A） A、幼儿的想像常常依赖于自 己的语言描述 B、常常根据外界情境的变化 而变化 C、泥是比较容易捏成各种形 象的，也可以使幼儿头脑中获 得各种表象 D、实际行动是幼儿期进行想 像的必要条件 9. 下面不属于皮亚杰提出的 7岁前儿童智慧(思维)的发展 阶段的是（B）。 A .前运算阶段B.运算阶段C. 感知阶段D.反射练习阶段 10. 学前儿童情绪社会化的 趋势不表现在以下方面（C ）。 A . 情绪中社会性交往的成 分不断增加 B. 引起情绪反应的社会性动 因不断增加 C. 自我调节化 D. 情绪表达的社会化 11. 注意的（A）指注意在 集中于同一对象或同一活动 中所能持续的时间。 A .稳定性B. 选择性C. 集中 性D. 指向性 12. 吃过甜食以后再吃苹果， 会感到苹果量酸，这是（B ）。 A. 同时对比 B. 先后对比 C. 先后适应D. 同时适应 13. 行为主义创始人华生根 据对医院婴儿室内500多名 韧生哭儿的观察提出，天生的 情绪反应不包括（ D ） A、怕B. 怒C. 爱D. 哭 14. （D）是3—4岁幼儿的 主要学习方式，他们往往通过 它掌握别人的经验。 A．游戏B. 活动C. 劳动D. 模仿 15. 中班主要依靠（ D ）进 行思维。 A．逻辑B. 动作C. 行动D. 表象 二、名词解释（每小题5分， 共25分） 1、情绪记忆 考核知识点：情绪记忆的内 涵参见P120 2、观察法 考核知识点：观察法，参见 P10 3、记忆 考核知识点：形象记忆，参见 P121 4、儿童的社会化
1、这家公司是由几名有事业心得年轻人创立的。 This company was started by a couple of enterprising young men. 2、那是他唯一一次自己在午夜前睡觉的，因为他实在太累了。 It was the only time when he went to bed of his own accord before midnight, because he was really too tired. 3、经过长时间的仔细酝酿，书才得以完成。 Many hours of meticulous preparation have gone into writing the book.. 4、她从头到脚穿着一身黑。 She was attired from head to foot in black. 5、为攒我们去度假的钱，我节衣缩食整整一年。 I have been scrimping and saving all the year to pay for our holiday. 6、我知道他是好意，但我希望他别来管我们。 I know he is well-meaning, but I wish he’d leave us alone. 7、当有人指出他犯错误时，他非常生气。 He became very indignant when it was suggested he had made a mistake. 8、说了多少次了，安东尼，刀子和叉子要放入中间的抽屉。 I have told you for umpteen th times, Anthony, knives and forks go in the middle drawer. 9、缝纫恐怕不是我的专长。 I am afraid sewing is not my forte. 10、观众热烈的欢迎使她十分高兴。 She was buoy ed by the warm reception her audience gave her. 1、他一直努力把自己重新塑造成一名演员。 She kept trying to reinvent herself as an actress. 2、导演的新片回归到早期的电影风格。 The director’s latest film harks back to the early years of cinema. 3、教授指出了那位博士提出的新理论中一些内在的缺陷。 The professor pointed out some of the inherent defects of the new theory proposed by that doctor. 4、即便是在今天，有些传统风俗在农村地区仍然流行着。 Even today, some of the traditional customs still prevail in rural areas. 5、禁烟运动对年轻人产生了不小的影响。 The anti-smoking campaign made quite an impact on young people. 6、她的报道文章言简意赅。 Her newspaper articles are terse and to the point. 7、这一事件引发了一场两国之间的外交争端。 The incident sparked a diplomatic controversy between the two countries. 8、他的英语作文错误很多，因为他是在截止日期前匆匆写出来的。 There are many mistakes in his English composition ,because he had dashed it off just before the deadline. 9、所有的售货员似乎都带着同样假惺惺的微笑。 All sales people seem to have the same phony smile. 10、你有没有想过从事工程师这一行。 Have you ever thought of taking up engineering? 1、她欣然接受了那笔钱。 She accepted the money with alacrity.
高级英语第二册课文翻译 Unit1 Pub Talk and the King's English 酒吧闲聊与标准英语 亨利?费尔利 人类的一切活动中，只有闲谈最宜于增进友谊，而且是人类特有的一种活动。动物之间的信息交流，不论其方式何等复杂，也是称不上交谈的。 闲谈的引人人胜之处就在于它没有一个事先定好的话题。它时而迂回流淌，时而奔腾起伏，时而火花四射，时而热情洋溢，话题最终会扯到什么地方去谁也拿不准。要是有人觉得“有些话要说”，那定会大煞风景，使闲聊无趣。闲聊不是为了进行争论。闲聊中常常会有争论，不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。闲聊之中是不存在什么输赢胜负的。事实上，真正善于闲聊的人往往是随时准备让步的。也许他们偶然间会觉得该把自己最得意的奇闻轶事选出一件插进来讲一讲，但一转眼大家已谈到别处去了，插话的机会随之而失，他们也就听之任之。 或许是由于我从小混迹于英国小酒馆的缘故吧，我觉得酒瞎里的闲聊别有韵味。酒馆里的朋友对别人的生活毫无了解，他们只是临时凑到一起来的，彼此并无深交。他们之中也许有人面临婚因破裂，或恋爱失败，或碰到别的什么不顺心的事儿，但别人根本不管这些。他们就像大仲马笔下的三个火枪手一样，虽然日夕相处，却从不过问彼此的私事，也不去揣摸别人内心的秘密。 有一天晚上的情形正是这样。人们正漫无边际地东扯西拉，从最普通的凡人俗事谈到有关木星的科学趣闻。谈了半天也没有一个中心话题，事实上也不需要有一个中心话题。可突然间大伙儿的话题都集中到了一处，中心话题奇迹般地出现了。我记不起她那句话是在什么情况下说出来的——她显然不是预先想好把那句话带到酒馆里来说的，那也不是什么非说不可的要紧话——我只知道她那句话是随着大伙儿的话题十分自然地脱口而出的。 “几天前，我听到一个人说‘标准英语’这个词语是带贬义的批评用语，指的是人们应该尽量避免使用的英语。” 此语一出，谈话立即热烈起来。有人赞成，也有人怒斥，还有人则不以为然。最后，当然少不了要像处理所有这种场合下的意见分歧一样，由大家说定次日一早去查证一下。于是，问题便解决了。不过，酒馆闲聊并不需要解决什么问题，大伙儿仍旧可以糊里糊涂地继续闲扯下去。 告诉她“标准英语”应作那种解释的原来是个澳大利亚人。得悉此情，有些人便说起刻薄话来了，说什么囚犯的子孙这样说倒也不足为怪。这样，在五分钟内，大家便像到澳大利亚游览了一趟。在那样的社会里，“标准英语”自然是不受欢迎的。每当上流社会想给“规范英语”制订一些条条框框时，总会遭到下层人民的抵制 看看撒克逊农民与征服他们的诺曼底统治者之间的语言隔阂吧。于是话题又从19世纪的澳大利亚囚犯转到12世纪的英国农民。谁对谁错，并没有关系。闲聊依旧热火朝天。 有人举出了一个人所共知，但仍值得提出来发人深思的例子。我们谈到饭桌上的肉食时用法语词，而谈到提供这些肉食的牲畜时则用盎格鲁一撒克逊词。猪圈里的活猪叫pig，饭桌上吃的猪肉便成了pork(来自法语pore)；地里放牧着的牛叫cattle，席上吃的牛肉则叫beef(来自法语boeuf)；Chicken用作肉食时变成poultry(来自法语poulet)；calf加工成肉则变成veal(来自法语vcau)。即便我们的菜单没有为了装洋耍派头而写成法语，我们所用的英语仍然是诺曼底式的英语。这一切向我们昭示了诺曼底人征服之后英国文化上所存在的深刻的阶级裂痕。 撒克逊农民种地养畜，自己出产的肉自己却吃不起，全都送上了诺曼底人的餐桌。农民们只能吃到在地里乱窜的兔子。兔子肉因为便宜，诺曼底贵族自然不屑去吃它。因此，活兔子和吃的兔子肉共用rabbit
福师1203考试批次《中国文学史专题一》复习题及参考答案 本复习题页码标注所用教材为： 教材名称单价作者版本出版社 简明中国古代文学史33 郭丹、 陈节 2010年4月第1版高等教育出版社 如学员使用其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点 福师1203考试批次《中国文学史专题一》复习题一及参考答 案 教学中心专业学号姓名成绩 注：考试时间为100分钟 一、填空题：（每空1分，共20分） 1、《诗经》在先秦时被称为《诗》或《诗三百》，汉武帝时始称《诗经》。 2、先秦史传文学的代表作有__《左传》___和___《国语》___。 3、荀子是___儒家_______学派的学者，韩非是___法家______学派的代表人物。 4、《史记·屈原列传》认为：“《离骚》者，犹____离忧_____也。” 5、汉代骚体赋的代表作有《吊屈原赋》和《鵩鸟赋》等。 6、《诗经?小雅?采薇》第六章中情景交融的诗句是：“___昔我往矣__、_____杨柳依依_____、____今我来思______、雨雪霏霏“。 7、魏晋南北朝的志怪小说，以晋干宝的《___搜神记__》为代表；志人小说以南朝宋___刘义庆 ___的《_____世说新语 _____》为代表。 6、屈原的《九歌》包括《东皇太一》、《云中君》、《湘君》、《湘夫人》、《大司命》、《少司命》、《东君》、《河伯》、《山鬼》、《国殇》、《礼魂》等。 7、汉乐府民歌的最基本的艺术特色是叙事性。
8、保存乐府诗最完备的一部总集是宋代郭茂倩编的《乐府诗集》。 二、名词解释：（每题5分，共20分） 1、三颂 考核知识点：《诗经》的概况 参考教材：P3 2、建安七子 考核知识点：建安文学 参考教材：P116 3、赋、比、兴 考核知识点：《诗经》的艺术成就 参考教材：P13 4、竹林七贤 考核知识点：正始文学 参考教材：P120 三、简答题：（每题8分，共24分） 1、《秦风?蒹葭》一诗是如何达到情景交融的境界的？试加以分析。考核知识点：《诗经》的艺术成就 参考教材：P14-15 2、屈原的主要作品有哪些？ 考核知识点：屈原 参考教材：P57-64 3、简述诸子散文繁荣的原因。 考核知识点：诸子文学 参考教材：P43 四、论述题：（每题12分，共36分） 1、试分析《离骚》的浪漫主义特征。 考核知识点：《离骚》 参考教材：P61 2、举例论析《古诗十九首》的抒情特征。 考核知识点：《古诗十九首》
高英答案翻译
Lesson10 The Trial That Rocked the World I． 1)In the 1920s，when he was a teacher at a secondary school in Dayton，a little town in the mountains of Tenessee，he was charged with teaching evolution and had to be present in the court．The trial。however，rocked the world．After the trial，he studied at the University of Chicago and became a geologist for an oil company later． 2)The struggles were in fact struggles between ignorance and wisdom．religion and science．That showed the spread of science and truth was no easy task．3)Because the result would effect the whole country，even the world． 4)Darrow and Malone thought that the Bible could co—exist with the Evolution Theory and it was acceptable for a Christion to be an evolutionist．Besides，the Bible should not be interpreted and accepted literally．Bryan just thought the opposite way. 5) The trial began with prayer by a local
福师1203考试批次《学前儿童语言教育》复习题及参考答案一 一、选择题（每小题2分，共30分） 1.儿童前言语获得的关键在于（）核心能力的获得。 A.语法 B.词汇 C.句子 D.语音 答案: D 2.（）语言学习模式认为：语言是一种认知结构，强调“结构先于语言”，语言结构是发生性的，它来源于主客体的相互作用。 A.行为主义 B.先天论 C.认知相互作用论 D.社会相互作用论 答案: C 3.行为主义的语言学习模式认为，（） A.周围的语言环境和强化对儿童语言学习和获得起决定性的作用 B.人类的先天遗传因素决定着儿童语言获得的整个过程 C.儿童的语言发展是以其认知的发展为基础的 D.儿童语言的获得是儿童与语言交往环境相互作用的结果 答案: A 4.语言运用主要包括两个因素，一是语言的功能和目的，二是（）。 A.语言情境 B.语言形式 C.语言内容 D.语言规则 答案: A 5.在幼儿教育机构中，（）是对学前儿童进行语言教育的基本形式。 A.渗透的语言教育活动 B.基本的语言教育活动 C.日常的语言教育活动 D.集体形式的语言教育活动 答案: B 6.下列说法中不属于学前儿童语言教育活动评价主要目标的是（）。 A.检查或鉴定语言教育活动目标是否达成，或判断达成情况 B.及时让教师明确、发现现实与预定活动目标之间的差距和问题
C.帮助教师针对发现的不足和问题，及时采取改革措施 D.检查教师的工作以进行适当的奖罚 答案: D 7.儿童在学前时期应获得的基本阅读技能包括观察摹拟书面语言的能力、（）以及自我调适的技能。 A.预期的技能 B.书写的技能 C.纠错能力 D.辨字能力 答案: A 8.幼儿园早期阅读活动可以帮助幼儿获得（）、前识字经验和前书写经验。 A.前图书制作经验 B.前图书阅读经验 C.前绘画经验 D.前文字辨认经验 答案: B 9.幼儿园早期阅读活动向幼儿提供的前识字经验的具体内容包括（）。 A.图书制作的经验 B.理解文字功能、作用的经验 C.知道书写汉字的工具 D.了解书写的最初步规则 答案: B 10.整合教育观认为，学前儿童语言教育内容的整合，主要是（）有效的结合。 A.社会知识、认知知识和语言知识 B.社会知识、学科知识和语言知识 C.社会知识、认知知识和学科知识 D.学科知识、认知知识和语言知识 答案：A 11. 前语言获得是指大约（）岁前儿童出现的各种语言现象，它为儿童正式获得语言作准备。 A. 1 B. 1.5 C. 2 D. 2.5 答案：B 12. 学前儿童把“用皮球打小狗”理解为“小狗打皮球”，采用了理解句子的
第一课 1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处。 A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods. 2）集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有。 At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. 3）我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。 I really don't know what it is that has made him so angry. 4）新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，刻有精细、复杂的传统图案。The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs. 5）在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。 Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see. 6）他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。 They decided to buy that house with. a garage attached. 7）教师们坚持对学生严格要求。 The teachers make a point of being strict with the students. 8）这个小女孩非常喜欢他的父亲。 This little girl is very much attached to her father. 9）为实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习外国的先进科学技术。 To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learning
《高级英语》课文逐句翻译（12） 我为什么写作 Lesson 12：Why I Write 从很小的时候，大概五、六岁，我知道长大以后将成为一个作家。 From a very early age，perhaps the age of five or six，I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. 从15到24岁的这段时间里，我试图打消这个念头，可总觉得这样做是在戕害我的天性，认为我迟早会坐下来伏案著书。 Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to adandon this idea，but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books. 三个孩子中，我是老二。老大和老三与我相隔五岁。8岁以前，我很少见到我爸爸。由于这个以及其他一些缘故，我的性格有些孤僻。我的举止言谈逐渐变得很不讨人喜欢，这使我在上学期间几乎没有什么朋友。 I was the middle child of three，but there was a gap of five years on either side，and I barely saw my father before I was eight- For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely，and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. 我像一般孤僻的孩子一样，喜欢凭空编造各种故事，和想像的人谈话。我觉得，从一开始，我的文学志向就与一种孤独寂寞、被人冷落的感觉联系在一起。我知道我有驾驭语言的才能和直面令人不快的现实的能力。这一切似乎造就了一个私人的天地，在此天地中我能挽回我在日常生活中的不得意。 I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons，and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. 我知道我有驾驭语言的才能和直面令人不快的现实的能力。这一切似乎造就了一个私人的天地，在此天地中我能挽回我在日常生活中的不得意。 I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts，and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure 还是一个小孩子的时候，我就总爱把自己想像成惊险传奇中的主人公，例如罗宾汉。但不久，我的故事不再是粗糙简单的自我欣赏了。它开始趋向描写我的行动和我所见所闻的人和事。
一、阅读：30% ( 1 ) Weddings ceremonies in the United States vary as much as the people do. But many weddi ngs, no matter where or how they are performed, include certain traditional customs. For in stance, the bride and groom often exchange rings at the ceremony. The rings are usually wo rn on the fourth finger of the left hand, and are exchanged in the middle of the ceremony. T oday, the ring shows the couple’s love for one another. 1. According to the passage, __ A ___________. A. American wedding ceremonies are somewhat traditional 2. According to the passage, what does the sentence “no matter where or how they are perf ormed” (Para. 1) really mean? C C. The wedding ceremonies may be held in different ways and places. 3. The word “showered” (in Para. 2) probably means __B_____. B. scattered 4. From the passage, we can safely conclude that __A____. A. American couples hold tra ditional wedding ceremonies. 5. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A A. Weddings in North A merica （2） The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food fir st appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator". 6. The statement “In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily.” (Para. 2) suggest that____ C ________ . C. there was no fridge in the author's home in the 1950s 7. Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges? D D. People had effective ways to preserve their food. 8. Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author? B B. Consumers. 9. Which of the following phrases in Para.5 indicates the fridge's negative effect on the env ironment? A A. "Hum away continuously". 10. What is the author's overall attitude toward fridges? B B. Critical. （3） Not so long ago almost any student who successfully completes a university degree or dipl oma course could find a good career quite easily. However, those days are gone, even in H ong Kong, and nowadays graduates often face strong competition in the search for jobs. 11. In Para. 1, the sentence "... those days are gone, even in Hong Kong ..." suggest that____ A ______ _. A. in the past, finding a good career was easier in Hong Kong than elsewhere 12. The word "relative" in Para. 2 could best be replaced by "____B________". B. comparative 13. The advice given in the first sentence of Para.3 is to____B________. B. examine the careers available and how these will be affected in the future 14. The word "prospective" in Para. 5 is closest in meaning to "__C__________".