来源莲山
课件w w w.5y K J.Co m 中考英语八种时态知识点归纳
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays
基本结构：①be 动词；②实义动词
否定形式：①am/is/are not; ②谓语动词若为实义动词，A.主语不是三单式，则don't 动词原形B.主语为三单式，则doesn't 动词原形。
一般疑问句：①把be 动词放于句首；②谓语动词若为实义动词，A.主语不是三单式，用助动词Do 主语动词原形
B.主语为三单式，则Does 主语动词原形Helen ________ a good student.(be)
Helen ________ fishing very much.(like) Helen’s friends usually ________ to school by bike.(go)
二、一般过去时：
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：…ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, at last, in the end, finally, at first 基本结构：①was/were；②实义动词的过去式(dodid, comecame, stopstopped)
否定形式：①was/were not; ②在实义动词前加didn't ，同时还原实义动词，即didn’t 动词原形
一般疑问句：①was 或were 放于句首；②用助动词do 的过去式did 提问，同时还原实义动词。Helen ________ born in Wuxi.(be)
Helen ________ to school by bike yesterday.(go)
三、现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, look, listen
基本结构：am/is/are doing 否定形式：am/is/are not doing.
一般疑问句：把be 动词放于句首。
Listen, Helen ________ a song in the room.(sing)
四、过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time, from 6 to 8 last night, at 5 yesterday evening或以when/while 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were doing 否定形式：was/were not doing.
一般疑问句：把was 或were 放于句首。Helen ________ TV at six last night.(watch)
I ________ TV when Mum came home last night.(watch)
五、现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：since…,for…,in/during the past few/two years, ever, yet, already, recently, over the years(几年来，这么多年来)，主（现完）since 从（一过）,just（注意和just now 的区别）,so far, till now
基本结构：have/has done 否定形式：have/has not done.
一般疑问句：have 或has 主语done Helen ________ in Nanjing for twenty yearsThe readers are all very happy because they ________ a new book.(receive)
六、过去完成时：
概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
时间状语：by the end of last year(term, month…) ,by 过去的时间，主(过完) before 从(一过)
基本结构：had done. 否定形式：had not done.
一般疑问句：had 放于句首。
They ________ in Nanjing by the end of last year.(be)
The plane ___________ off before/when we got to the airport.(take)
七、一般将来时：
概念：表示目前将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by 将来的时间,the day after tomorrow
基本结构：am/is/are/going to do 或will/shall do.
否定形式：am/is/are/not going to do或will/shall not do.一般疑问句：am/is/are 放于句首或will/shall 提到句首。Helen ________ to Shanghai next week.(fly)
八、过去将来时：
概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语：the next day(morning, year…)
基本结构：①was/were/going to do ；②would/should do.
否定形式：①was/were/not going to do; ②would/should not do.
一般疑问句：①was 或were 放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。Helen said she ________ to Shanghai the next month.(fly)
被动语态和主动语态
1．各种时态的被动语态的谓语动词形式: a. 一般现在时: am /is /are done b. 一般过去时: was/were donec. .含情态动词的被动语态:情态动词be 过去分词can be done may be done must be done
d. 现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been done
e.一般将来时的被动语态:will/be
going to be donef.复合宾语的被动语态: (主动语态中不带to,被动语态中要加to)make /help /let/ have/ sb. do sth. ask/tell sb to do sth see/hear sb do sth see/hear sb doing sth2.注:变被动语态时不要去掉组成谓语动词短语的任何一个词We must take good care of him.=He must be taken good care of.(of不能漏掉)You can catch up with us soon.=We can be caught up with soon.（with不能漏掉）
4. 下列情况不能用被动语态：
A．不及物动词：The accident happened on a busy road yesterday .(happen, take place)
B．连系动词：The girl looks like her sister .(五官feel/taste/look/sound/smell, 五变become/turn green/grow/go bad/get warmer/, be, keep fit/healthy, seem)Don’t cross t he road until the light ________ green./// This dress ________ nice.(look)
C．英语中有些动词用主动语态表示被动语态。(表示物体本身所具有的一种性质)sell/write/read/wash/ride/cut well
The cloth washes well ./ This kind of bags sells well. / The shoes wear long. / The knife cuts well . / The pen writes smoothly . / This coat lasts long .
动词的固定搭配：
（1）后面接sb to do sth的动词：ask sb to do sth=tell sb to do sth叫某人做某事help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事would like sb to do sth,＝want sb to do sth想要某人做某事use sth to do sth,使用某物去做某事do what he could to help me尽他所能来帮助我wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事
remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事
（2）后面接sb do sth的动词：make/have/let sb do sth叫某人做某事
（3）后面接to do sth 的动词：
have to do sth不得不做某事need/require to do sth需要做某事want to do sth/would like to do sth想要做某事hope/wish to do sth(注意没有hope sb to do sth)希望做某事be happy/glad/pleased/afraid/better/crazy/(等形容词)to do sthtry to do sth 努力做某事(下决心要把它做好了) try/do one’t best to do sth, 尽最大努力做某事
decide to do sth决定做某事volunteer to do sth志愿去做某事
be willing to do sth愿意做某事prefer to do sth比较喜欢做某事
take turns to do sth轮流做某事take action(s) to do sth采取行动做某事
can’t wait to do sth迫不及待去做某事be likely to do sth可能要做某事
ought (not) to do sth （不）应该做某事
（4）后面接doing sth 的动词：
enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事look forward to doing sth盼望着做某事finish doing sth结束做某事like doing sth/to do sth喜欢做某事thank sb for doing sth感谢某人做某事be afraid of doing sth担心、害怕做某事keep doing sth不断的做某事mind doing sth介意做某事practice doing sth练习做某事pay attention to doing sth注意做某事have difficulty/trouble/fun (in)doing sth做某事有困难/困难/麻烦/乐趣（高兴）
can’ help doing sth=can’t stop doing sth忍不住/情不自禁去做某事
devote … to doing sth 致力于做某事dislike doing sth不喜欢做某事
carry on doing sth继续做某事
（5）其他：spend some time (in) doing sth花费一些时间做某事
stop/prevent sb (from) doing sth阻止某人做某事keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
keep sb doing sth使某人一直做某事had better (not) do sth最好（不要）做某事It’s better to do sth做某事比较好
have something to say/eat，have nothing to worry about would you please (not) do sth 请你（不要）做某事好吗？
would like to do sth想要做某事why not do sth为什么不做某事呢？wait for sb to do sth, 等候某人做某事
特殊疑问词（如how,what,when,where等）动词不定式to do 作宾语
(I don’t what to do./ I don’t know how to do it./ I don’t know when to go to Hongkong)have to go home to do housework(不定式表示目的leave home to work, We can do everything we can to help you)It’s important/easy/hard/right/good for sb to do sth. It takes sb some time to do sth花费某人一些时间做某事
prefer doing A to doing B宁愿做事情A也不愿做事情B,喜欢做事情A更胜于做事情B would rather do than do B宁愿做事情A也不愿做事情B
介词动名词(instead of doing sth,about doing sth,what about/how about doing sth,by doing sth)be busy doing sth忙于做某事be interested in doing sth对做某事感兴趣feel like doing 想要做某事get ready to do sth准备做某事
be ready to do sth准备/乐意做某事start/begin to do sth/doing sth开始做某事
give up doing sth放弃做某事go/carry on doing sth继续做某事
几个搭配的区别：
remember to do sth是提醒别忘做某事，这个动作在说话的时候还没做remember doing sth是已做过某事，说话的时候动作已完成。Remember to close the door, please. 记着关门。（说话时门还没有关）I remember closing the door.我记得我关了门了。（说话时门已经关了）
forget to do sth和forget doing sthSorry,I forgot to bring the book.(对不起，我忘了带书了。) I forgot borrowing a book from you.（我忘记曾经向你借过书这件事）Don’t forget to do sth.不要忘记去做某事
stop to do sth停下来去做另一件事stop doing停止正在做的事Stop ________, the teacher is coming.(talk)I met an old friend on my way home yesterday. I stopped ________ with him.(talk)
go on to do sth继续做另外一件事/go on doing sth继续做同一件事
need/require to do 需要做某事need/require doing 需要被…(有被动的意思)I need to wash my clothes. My clothes need washing.
e.g. Your shoes are too dirty. They need ________.(wash)You look tired. You need ________ a good rest. (have)
动词填空的解题思路
首先判断有无动词的固定搭配，比如：ask sb ________, finish ________
如果没有动词搭配，然后看是否有明显的时间状语标志，比如：看到now一般用________。
如果上面两者都没有，可以从上下文去推断该用什么时态。比如：Don’t make any noise. The baby ______ (sleep)
注意点：
看清单复数（尤其是一般现在时的三单式），主动还是被动语态，肯定还是否定
祈使句有两种形式，动词原形开头和don’t动词原形开头Come here./Don’t go there.
两种从句的不同，根据需要选用不同的时态。I’ll call you if I ________ there tomorrow. (get)They won’t begin the meeting until he ________. (come)Don’t write to him until he ________ there.(arrive)I don’t know if he ________ to Nanjing next month.(fly)I’m not sure when he ________ to Nanjing.(fly)
在宾语从句中
A.若主句用一般现在时，则从句可根据实际情况用各种时态。如：
The radio says the snow later in the day. (stop)I know who the fewest yesterday.(pick)
B.若主句用一般过去时，则宾语从句要依情况用过去的某种时态：一般过去时，过去将来时，过去进行时，过去完成时。如：
He said that they to the Great Wall. (be)
Mary told me that she for Paris the next day. (leave)
C.无论主句是什么时态，宾语从句中客观真理都用一般现在时。
The teacher said the earth around the sun.(move)
(5) 在完成时中，要注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换。如：
They borrowed the book two weeks ago. They have kept the books for 2 weeks.
buyhave, joinbe in / be a member of…, leavebe away, arrivebe here, beginbe on,
come back be back, die be dead, fall asleepbe asleep, get upbe up, finishbe over
Our classroom __________(clean) every day.
How often __________ your clothes ______________(wash)? Every two days.
He is made _________(stay) at home on Sunday.
The twins ___________(ask) to come again yesterday.
The bike ________(return) by my uncle tomorrow.So far, a lot of trees __________(plant).
A book must _________(read) more than once.//The little boy should ________(take) good care of.
A talk on history _______(give) in our school next week.
The picture _________(take) down by the twins just now.
Coke __________(sell) all over the world.//The fish ___________(eat) up by him an hour ago.
The sweater ________(buy) yesterday.//Trousers __________(make) in this factory.
The trees in front of the house ________(water) by my father every day.
An English song ___________(learn) tomorrow.//________ the bike ________(ride) by you?
英语八种时态的具体用法.txt师太，你是我心中的魔，贫僧离你越近，就离佛越远……初中 的体育老师说：谁敢再穿裙子上我的课，就罚她倒立。八种时态的具体用法： 一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。 ①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意) ②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声 音快) ③表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将 来,句子中可以有将来时间。如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(开 往汉口的列车上午8点开车) ④在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件 状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家) ⑤一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。如：Here comes the bus. (车来了) / There goes the bell.(铃响了)。 ⑥一般现在时常用于体育比赛的解说或寓言故事中。Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it. ⑦人的心理活动和感官动作一般用一般现在时而不用现在进行时表达,常见动词有：like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(认为),understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. 如：I think it is going to snow.(我想天要下雪了)/ I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(我真的希望你愉快地呆在这儿) 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常 发生。 ①表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：at (eight) (yesterday morning),(ten minutes) ago, when引导的时间状语从句。如：I got up at 6：00 this morning.(我是早上六点钟起床的)/ Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.(小汤姆今天早上九点半把窗子打破了)/ When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his father.(他走进房间时发现一个陌生人正和他父亲谈话) ②表示过去一段时间内不知何时发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：yesterday, last (year 等), in (1998 等)。如：He came to our city in the year 2000.(他2000年来到我们市) ③表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事情时,时间状语有：last…, in…, from…to…, for(10 years),often,usually, sometimes, always, never等。如：Mr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was young. / Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him. ④讲故事、对过去经历的回忆、双方都明白的过去事件等一般用过去时,而且经常省略时间 状语。如：I happened to meet Rose in the street.(我正好在街上遇到露西) 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。 ①一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow,this (afternoon),next (year),one day,now,soon, someday,sometime, in the future, when引导的从句等。 ②用will构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shall”用于第一人称,“will”
各种时态的用法 一、一般现在时 构成：a．主动：动词原形（主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加s/es）；be动词要用am，is，are。 b．被动：am / is / are + 过去分词 用法： ①一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常用频度副词sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom及时间副词every day, night, week, month, year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night做状语。如： I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我6点去上学。 ②一般现在时表示客观存在及普遍真理。如： Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 注意：此种用法即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如： I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。 ③一般现在时表示格言或警句。如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。 ④一般现在时表示目前的情况或状态，常跟时间副词now连用。如： I am a teacher. Peter writes good Chinese but does not speak well. He lives in Beijing now, ⑤以here，there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. ⑥习惯性的爱好或行为。如： I like dancing while she likes singing. 我喜欢跳舞，而她喜欢唱歌。 We get up at six. ⑦在某些习惯表达法中，常用一般现在时表示已经发生过的动作或存在的状态。如： They say Wu Dong is ill. 据说吴东病了。 The paper says the disease is under control. 报纸上说这种病已经得到了控制。 The diagram tells us that people’s living is improving. 这份图标告诉我们，人们的生活正在改善。 ⑧在下列情况下表示将来： a．在（时间、条件等）状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如： I will give it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看见他就会交给他。 He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他，他会来的。 Suppose he doesn’t agree, what shall we do? 假如他不同意，那怎么办？ I shall do as I please. 我高兴怎么做就怎么做。 He will continue the work no matter what happens. 不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。 b．在the more…the more…（越…越…）句型中，前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将
常见时态的用法 一、一般现在时：1.表示习惯性或经常性的 动作或状态，常与usually, often, sometimes,确always, seldom, every day (year, morning…)等表示频率的时间状语连用。 He often does his homework in his study. I usually get up at six in the morning. 2. 表示客观规律、正确事实或科学真理等。Knowledge comes only from practice. ※Columbus proved that the earth is round. 3. 在连词when, while, before, after, until, till, once, if, unless, as soon as, as long as, by the time, in case, even if, the moment/ minute /instant, the day/ year, immediately 等引导的时间（条件、让步）状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来。 When Bill comes (will come×), ask him to wait for me. We’ll go out for a walk as soon as the rain stops. Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will take place. 4. come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等动词可以用来表示按照计划、安排将要发生、且不轻易改变的动作（有特定的时间状语）。. The flight takes off at ten o’clock. School begins on September 1st. ※Could you tell me when he ____ back? ----When he ____ back, I’ll let you know. A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. will come; will come D. comes; will come 5．试比较： Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范动作；第二句now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作。 二、一般过去时：1）表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, in 1998, two years ago, last month, the day before yesterday, the other day, when从句等连用. The Red Army came into being in 1927. A robber broke into the bank and robbed the bank of a lot of money last night. 一般过去时还可表示过去发生的一连串动作。The monkey jumped off the tree, picked up a big stone and threw it at us. 2）用于以下固定句型中： It is (high/ about) time that sb. did sth. 早该做... Would/ had rather sb. did sth. 宁愿某人去做…3）wish, wonder, think, hope, know等用过去时，表示的动作都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Oh, it’s you. I didn’t know you were here too. 三、一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与soon, tomorrow ( morning…), next week (year…), some day, from now on, the day after tomorrow, in the future等表将来的时间状语连用。有几种构成方式： 1.Be going to + 动词原形①表示计划、决 心，说话前已打算要做的事情。 ②说话人根据已有的迹象或经验判断认为将要发生的事情。 I’m going to buy a new car if I have a lot of money. Look! Dark clouds are gathering. It is going to rain. 2. shall/will +动词原形①单纯表将来②表说话时才想到的意愿或决心。 Eg: Jack is ill in hospital. ---- Oh really? I _____. I_____ to see him. A. didn’t know; will go B. don’t know; am going C. haven’t known; will go D. didn’t know; am going 3. be + to do ①按照计划、安排将要做的事情。②（上级对下级、父母对子女）下达命令，意思是“应该…”③表命中注定将要发生的事情。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. You are to finish the work before five this afternoon. The little boy is to become a VIP. 4. be about to +动词原形或be on the point of doing 表示即将或正要去做…. 不与tomorrow, next week等具体的时间状语连用，但可和when从句连用。 I am about to do (=am on the point of doing) my homework. 5. be + doing 表示按计划安排即将发生的动作，常用于come, go, start, set out, leave, reach, return, move, take off, arrive等 Are you staying here till next week?
八大时态结构及用法详解 一、一般现在时 标志：动词原形 期末英语必考八大时态结构及用法详解，初一、初二、初三均适用！1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作，常与表频度的时间状语连用： She often speaks English. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等： He seems to feel a bit down today. He works as a driver. 3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中： Shanghai lies in the east of China. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Where there is a will, there is a way. 4. 表示现在瞬间的动作： Here comes the bus! 5. 表示将来 1) 表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词），可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如： The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.
How often does the shuttle bus run? 2) 在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情：When Bill comes (不用will come), ask him to wait for me. I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. 二、一般过去时 标志：动词过去式 期末英语必考八大时态结构及用法详解，初一、初二、初三均适用！ *闭音节：元音字母a, e, i, o, u如果发字母本来的音则称为开音节，否则称为闭音节。 1. 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用（e.g. yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when…, in the past等）。如： Jim rang you just now. Liu Ying was in America last year. 2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，特别是used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就是过去常常。如： When I was a kid, I often played football in the street. She used to visit her mother once a week.
英语的16种时态 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 1. 一般现在时 英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。 用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。
C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。） D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. （下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。 例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。）2. 现在进行时(be doing) 用法：现在正在进行的动作。 3. 现在完成时(have done) 用法：A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell 答案是C) haven't sold。 B) 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。 例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. A) are to challenge C) have been challenged B) may be challenged D) are challenging 全句的意思是：“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物，但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词，在本句中应当是被动语态；其动作延续到今天，所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging 都是主动语态，不可能是答案。B) may be challenged虽然是被动语态，但意思与全句内容不合，所以不对。 C) 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。
初中英语八大时态结构及用法详解英语八大时态： 1一般现在时 标志：动词原形 1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作，常与表频度的时间状语连用： She often speaks English. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等： He seems to feel a bit down today. He works as a driver. 3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中： Shanghai lies in the east of China. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Where there is a will, there is a way. 4. 表示现在瞬间的动作： Here comes the bus! 5. 表示将来 1) 表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词），可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如：The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.
How often does the shuttle bus run? 2) 在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情： When Bill comes (不用will come), ask him to wait for me. I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. 2一般过去时 标志：动词过去式 *闭音节：元音字母a, e, i, o, u如果发字母本来的音则称为开音节，否则称为闭音节。 1. 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用（e.g. yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when …, in the past等）。如： Jim rang you just now. Liu Ying was in America last year. 2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，特别是used to do表达的句型，本身表示 的就是过去常常。如： When I was a kid, I often played football in the street. She used to visit her mother once a week. *注意区分sb. used to do sth.（某人过去常常做某事，此处to是动词不定式 标志符号）和sb. be used to sth./doing sth.（某人习惯于某物/做某事，此处to 是介词）。 3. 代替一般现在时，表示一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。此用法仅适用于少数动词（如want, hope, wonder, think, intend等）及情态动词could, would。如：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词； ②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句： ①把be动词放于句首； ②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。 一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如： He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。(口诀：I用am，you用are，is用于她他它，单数名词用is，复数名词都用are) 二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如： ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that 作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 ②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如： ①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如： ①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。 【练习】 一、单选 1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital. A work works B works work C work are working D is working work 2 One of the boys_____ a black hat. A have B there is C there are D has 3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow. A don't rain B didn't rain C doesn't rain D isn't rain
初中英语八大时态结构及用法 时态无疑是初中英语最重要的语法内容，学好时态基本就拿下了语法的半壁江山。 英语八大时态： 一、一般现在时 标志：动词原形 1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作，常与表频度的时间状语连用： She often speaks English. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等： He seems to feel a bit down today. He works as a driver.
3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中： Shanghai lies in the east of China. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Where there is a will, there is a way. 4. 表示现在瞬间的动作： Here comes the bus! 5. 表示将来： 1）表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词），可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如： The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon. How often does the shuttle bus run？ 2）在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情：When Bill comes（不用will come）ask him to wait for me. I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. 二、一般过去时 标志：动词过去式
时态用法归纳Mar 2, 2011 第一部分重点时态 1. 过去时与过去进行时 2. 过去时与现在完成时 3. 过去时与过去完成时 4. 进行时态表暂时性情况 5. 一般时态表将来 一. “一般过去时” 与“过去进行时” 一般过去时：指过去做完了某事,有结果。 过去进行时：指当时正做某事, 不知结果或不谈论结果。 1) We built a dam last winter. 大坝 We were building a dam last winter. 2) I was using my phone when the teacher came in. 3) My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. (NMET 89) 4) I don’t think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space. (NMET 95) Practice: 1) --- Has Sam finished his homework today? --- I have no idea. He _____ it this morning. (2004四川高考) A. did B. was doing （B ） 2) ---- What’s wrong with your coat? ---- Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me _____ on it. (2005重庆) A. was sitting B. sat (A) 进一步练习: 1.I first ______ (meet) Lisa three years ago. She ______ (work) at a radio shop at the time. (NMET 97) (met; was working ) 2.“Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.” “Where was I？” “You _________ (say ) you didn’t like your father’s job.” (2004年春招) (were saying ) 3. “You were out when I dropped in at your home.” “Oh, I ___________ (wait ) for a friend from England at the airport.” (2004广东) (was waiting) 4. Mary _____ __ (make ) a dress when she cut her finger. (NMET91 ) (was making ) 5. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I _____ (miss) half of it. (2004河北卷) (missed ) 6. ---You look very tired. _______ at all last night? --- No, not really. I’m tired out now. (2006陕西) A. Did you sleep B. Were you sleeping (A )
初中英语八大时态总结 一、一般现在时 具体情况（主要用于下面几情况） 1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如： They raise ducks as a sideline .他们以养鸭为副业。 It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。 2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。 这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。例如： He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。 That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。 3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。 顾名思义，客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的；也"不会在意动作进行的状态"。例如： The sun rises in the east .日出东方。 4) 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 *【用于一般现在时的副词，除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外，常见的还有：now, today , nowadays等等】 二、一般过去时 具体情况（主要用于下面几情况） 1.主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。 例：I was very thin in my childhood. 2.一般过去时由谓语动词的过去式表示，也就是说动词词末要加-ed（除不规则动词外）。常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：last night (week ,month , year , century , etc.) , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening ) , in 1999 , two hours ago ( one week ago , tree years ago , …)等等。 例：Did you meet yesterday? He left just now. 3.使用一般过去时，在某种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个时候。"过去"的时间概念有两层意思：一是指"现在某个时间"以前的时间；二是指"说话、写文章的那个时间点"以前的时间 He got his driving license last month. 他上个月拿到了驾照。
人教版英语英语动词的时态用法总结及解析百度文库 一、初中英语动词的时态 1．--- Will you go to America next month? ---Yes. But I promise I will call you as soon as I _________there. A．get to B．will get to C．will get D．get 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——下个月你将要去美国吗？——是的。但是我保证我一到达那里，就给你打电话。as soon as引导的时间状语从句，用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。there是副词，前面不加介词，get there到达那里。故选D。 2．— Who the classroom tomorrow, Tony? — Our group. A．will clean B．cleans C．cleaned D．clear 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：——托尼，明天谁打扫教室？——我们小组。考查一般将来时。根据提示词tomorrow可知时态用一般将来时，其构成为：will+动词原形；故答案选A。 3．Jenny_______in the kitchen when you called her at 5 o'clock this afternoon. A．is cooking B．was cooking C．cooks D．cooked 【答案】B 【解析】 本题难度适中，考查过去进行时，当你昨天5点打电话给她时，他正在煮饭，答案是was cooking，选B。 4．—Do you know _________ the meeting? —Tomorrow morning. A．when they had B．when they are going to have C．when did they have D．when are they going to have 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你知道他们什么时候来开会吗？——明天早上。 此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，C和D是疑问句语序，故排除；根据回答Tomorrow morning可知此句时态是一般将来时，A是一般过去时，B是一般将来时；故选
本专题为大家讲解了16种英语时态的用法,为大家总结了英语时态表,方便同学们更好的英语时态的结构. 英语的基本时态由三种“时”（时间），四种“态”（状态）交叉构成。 三种“时”：过去现在将来 四种“态”：常态进行态完成态完成进行态 一般时进行 时完成时完成进行时 现在 study be studying have studied have been studying 过去 studied be studying had studied had been studying 将来 will study wil be studying will have studied will have been studying 过去将来would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying
时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 Ⅰ现在时态：四种 1．一般现在时态：表示现存的状态（be动词），经常做的动作 I do it. 我（经常）做这件事。 2．现在进行时态：表示正在进行的动作 I am doing it. 我（现在）正在做这件事。 3．现在完成时态：表示现在已经完成，对现在产生影响，形成结果 I have done it. 我（现在）已经做完这件事了。 4．现在完成进行时态：表示一直在进行的动作（字面意思已经在进行） I have been doing it. 我（现在）一直正在做这件事。 Ⅱ过去时态：四种 5．一般过去时态：表示过去存在的状态（be动词），经常做的动作 I did it. 我（过去经常）做这件事。 6．过去进行时态：表示过去正在进行的动作 I was doing it. 我（过去的某个时间）正在做这件事。 7．过去完成时态：表示过去已经完成，对过去的某个时间产生影响，形成结果 I had done it. 我（过去的某个时间）已经做完这件事了。 8．过去完成进行时态：表示一直在进行的动作（字面意思已经在进行） I had been doing it. 我（到过去的某个时间）一直在做这件事。 Ⅲ 将来时态：四种 9．一般将来时态：表示将来存在的状态（be动词），将来经常做的动作
初中英语必考八大时态结构及用法详解 一．一般现在时 1. 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 2. 基本结构：①is/am/are；②do/does 否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语 为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 3. 一般疑问句： ①把is/am/are 动词放于句首； ②用助动词do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 4. 用法
1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east ofChina. 上海位于中国东部。 3）表示格言或警句。 例如：Pride goes before a fall 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 例如：I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 5）一般现在时表示将来含义。 a. 下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用 来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。 b. 在时间或条件句中。 例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。 I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。