考研英语阅读：例证题及词义句意题
感谢凯程郑老师对本文做出的重要贡献
?例证题分类
此前在分析例证题的题型特点和解题办法时将例证题分为例子在文首和例子在文中两种情况。例子在文中又可进一步分为四种情况：
一、例子在文中，观点在同一段的前面
【2001 text 2 57.】【2003 text 4 57.】【2007 text 4 38.】
二、例子在段首，观点为段落结尾句
【2003 text 2】
48、The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's ________.
[A]discontent with animal research
[B]ignorance about medical science
[C]indifference to epidemics
[D]anxiety about animal rights
【分析】这道例证题的特点是，例子在段首，到这一段的最后一句话之前，通过对末句的观察，我们看到末句是一个论述总结性的句子，观点即为最后一句话，正确答案为B。
对比：【2004 text 2】
46、What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?
[A] A kind of overlooked inequality
[B] A type of conspicuous bias
[C] A type of personal prejudice
[D] A kind of brand discrimination
【分析】这道题和上一个例子从形式上看如出一辙，但是仔细观察发现例子后的句子同样是在讲例子、摆事实，不是总结论述的话，所以这道题的观点只能往前面找，就找到了一段中的中心句或最后一句，都可以得出答案，正确答案为A。
三、例子独立一段，观点在前面
二阶真题阅读中没有，这种情况比如在2002 text 1这篇文章中二段整段都为例子，其论证的观点就在一段。
四、例子在but转折句的后半句，观点在前半句
【2006 text 4】
36、By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that ________.
[A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music
[B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings
[C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness
[D] artists have changed their focus of interest
【分析】这道例证题的特点是在一个but转折句中，且是由“，”隔开的两个分句，这道题的例子在后面的分句中，是用来论证前面主句的内容的，正确答案为D。
对比【2002 text 2】
50、The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are ________.
[A] expected to copy human brain in internal structure
[B] able to perceive abnormalities immediately
[C] far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information
[D] best used in a controlled environment
【分析】这道例证题的特点和前面一道例证题的特点是如出一辙的，共同点是都是在一个but转折句中，且是由“，”隔开的两个分句，这道题的例子在后面的分句中，是用来论证前面主句的内容的，正确答案为C。两道例证题的另外一个共同点是除了定位句之外，都涉及到了另外一个点：2006 text 4 36题是两种态度，2002 text 2是机器人，所以除了定位在but 句之外，还需要结合段落中心和文章中心，以及相关定位点所涉及的位置，这是因为but表示转折，必然定位的时候会涉及到but前面的内容，才能保证信息点完整。
?词义句意题分类
从方法的角度讲，我们对类型题分类越细，方法越适用，目标越明确，词义句意题主要考察的是根据上下文推测生词的词义的能力，按照上下文的逻辑语义关系，我们可以把词义句意题细分为四种类别：
1、并列关系
A.并列连词：and, too, as well：2006 text 4 37.
B.标点符号：“;”：2004 text 1 43.
C.对照结构：2005 text 4 37、2005 text 1 22.
D.相似构词法：2007 text 1 22.
2、转折关系：2004 text 3 51.、2005 text 2 28.
3、解释限定：“——”、双破折号、括号、定语从句、同位语从句、例子：2002 text 4 59. 、2002 text 2 47.
4、根据段首尾句的照应关系或文章中心：2005 text 4 37.、2006 text 4 37.
如何突破考研英语阅读细节题 由历年考研英语真题可知，阅读理解部分的试题中，大多数是针对段落的细节设计的，其目的是为了测试考生对组成段落的主体部分的理解。在每年的考试中，细节题的数量是最多的，大约占50%，其中涉及对文章中复杂句，列举，例证，引用，转折，因果关系等的处理，因此做好这类题至关重要。那么，xx年考研英语如何做好阅读细节题? 另外，细节题的测试在另一方面也可以考察考生对段落结构的理解程度，哪些是辅助论点，哪些是主要脉络，只有对这些细节有一定的了解，我们才能更深入地领会文章。文章的细节并不是孤立的，它总要与其他事实前后呼应，一般来说，作者总会把同等性质的事实放在一起，并借助不同的衔接手段进行组合，从而达到说服读者或阐明观点的目的。其提问方式不外乎有以下几种： The author provides following examples except …? Aording to the author, all of the following are true except (that)____. Which is among the best possible ways to…? Which of the following would NOT be an example____? Which of the following is the LEAST likely…? 对于细节题我们要从词义与语法(句法)着手，从这个角度来说，此类考题又可被细划分以下几个次范畴： 1)因果标志语 表因果关系的标志词可具体分为：
a.表原因 because of, since, for, as, now that, seeing that, owing to, caused by, the main reason for…is b. 表结果 hence, thus, so, therefore, consequently, as a consequence, aordingly, for that reason 2)结论标志语 in general, generally speaking, in short, in a word, to be brief in all, in simple words 3) 转折与对比题 but, however, nevertheless, otherwise, dissimilarly, unlike, on the contrary, in contrast, in opposition to, on the opposite side 4) 比较类型标记语 similarly, likewise, in similar fashion, in similar way, in the same matter, just as 5) 列举标志语 one… another…still another, first…second…third 6) 举例标志语 for example, as an example, as an instance, take…as an example, let me cite… as a proof 细节题举例说明 xx年Passage 1 Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing aumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialization was only one of a series of related developments in science
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案(三) Passage 11 Dream is a story that a personwatchesor even takes part in during sleep. Dream events are imaginary, but they are related to real experiences and needs in the dreamer's life. They seem real while they are taking place. Some dreams are pleasant, others are annoying, and still others are frightening. Everyone dreams, but some persons never recall dreaming. Others remember only a little about a dream they had just before awakening and nothing about earlier dreams. No one recalls all his dreams. Dreams involve little logical thought. In most dreams, the dreamer cannot control what happens to him. The story may be confusing, and things happen that would not happen in real life. People see in most dreams, but they may also hear, smell, touch, and taste in their dreams. Most dreams occur in color. but persons who have been blind since birth do not see at all in dreams. Dreams are a product of the sleeper's mind. They
如何在英语阅读中猜中词义 所谓猜测词义,是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的词义,它是一种非常有用的阅读技巧,获得这种技巧之后,读者在阅读过程中能很快通过上下文提供的线索或生词本身的结构特点推断出词义来,从而提高阅读速度和阅读能力. 猜词技巧也是一种很重要的应试技巧.在诸多的英语测试中,几乎都包含有判断生词或关键词词义的题目.如: 1)In Line...the word"..."could best be replaced by which of the following?2)According to the author，the word "..."means _____. 3)By word "..."the author means _____. 4)Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to "..."? 那么,怎样来猜测和推断生词的词义呢?这种技巧大体可分为两大类: 一类是通过上下文推测词义,另一类是根据生词本身的特点推测词义.本文着重介绍通过上下文猜测词义的技巧.通过上下文猜词就是根据一个词所处的具体的语言环境,运用有关线索,如同义词﹑反义词﹑举例﹑重述或定义等推测词义,也可以运用逻辑推理和其他的知识,如生活经验、普通常识等推断词义. 1.以定义为线索猜测词义 根据上下文以生词的定义为线索猜测词义是进行快速阅读时最常见、最直接的一种猜词方法. (1)以to be(是),mean(意指),refer to(指的是)为线索猜测词义. [例]Ventilation,as you know ,is asystem or means of providing fresh air.It plays a very important part in thefield of engineering. 此句中"ventilation"可能是个生词,但is后面是对该词的明确定义.是什么东西或什么手段才能提供新鲜空气呢?所以不难看出"ventilation"这个词的意思是"通风".
广大考生请注意：为了帮助广大考生顺利通过2016年研究生入学考试，勤思考研隆重推出考研公共课（政治和英语）的全面辅导，为你扫除考研道路上的一切障碍。我们会在第一时间为广大考生搜集整理2016年考研英语复习资料及相关信息，敬请大家关注！ 2016考研英语阅读：如何解答细节题 由历年考研英语真题可知，阅读理解部分的试题中，大多数是针对段落的细节设计的，其目的是为了测试考生对组成段落的主体部分的理解。在每年的考试中，细节题的数量是最多的，大约占50%，其中涉及对文章中复杂句，列举，例证，引用，转折，因果关系等的处理，因此做好这类题至关重要。 另外，细节题的测试在另一方面也可以考察考生对段落结构的理解程度，哪些是辅助论点，哪些是主要脉络，只有对这些细节有一定的了解，我们才能更深入地领会文章。文章的细节并不是孤立的，它总要与其他事实前后呼应，一般来说，作者总会把同等性质的事实放在一起，并借助不同的衔接手段进行组合，从而达到说服读者或阐明观点的目的。其提问方式不外乎有以下几种：The author provides following examples except … According to the author, all of the following are true except (that)____. Which is among the best possible ways to…? Which of the following would NOT be an example____? Which of the following is the LEAST likely…? 对于细节题我们要从词义与语法(句法)着手，从这个角度来说，此类考题又可被细划分以下几个细类： 1. 因果标志语 表因果关系的标志词可具体分为： 1)表原因 because of, since, for, as, now that, seeing that, owing to, caused by, the main reason for…is 2)表结果 hence, thus, so, therefore, consequently, as a consequence,
2020年考研英语阅读模拟试题及答案(2) The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which weighed in some cases as much as a piloted hang-glider and had wingspans from 8 to 12 meters, solved the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures were — reptiles or birds — are among the questions scientists have puzzled over. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises, and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs a greatly elongated fourth finger of each forelimb supported a winglike membrane. The other fingers were short and reptilian, with sharpclaws. In birds the second finger is the principal strut of the wing, which consists primarily of feathers. If the pterosaurs walked on all fours, the three short fingers may have been employed for grasping. When a pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger, and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V shape along each side of the animal’s body. The pterosaurs resembled both birds and bats in their overall structure and proportions. This is not surprising because the design of any flying vertebrate is subject to aerodynamic constraints. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a savings in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.
2010年考研英语新题型详解 今年的新题型与以往的考研题目都不相同，它不再是七选五这种类型，而是要求将选项进行排序，即所说的排序题。我们在整个解析过程中，大家要注意，七选五也好、搭配题也好、排序题也好，重点还是考查一个句子和上下文之间的关系问题，也就是说你在某一个空中填什么答案，主要的一点是由上下文的句子和它之间的关系决定。 比如45题就很好做，G的开头“All in all”是“总之”的意思，从这里就可以大致判定它应该在最后，在看其具体内容，是对整个文章的概括总结，所以可以确定45题为G。41题也不是很难，作为文章的开头，一般是阐述某种现象或事实。段落的开头不能有明显的承上启下的词或短语，像A的“first and important”, C 的“such variations”, F 的“for example”，G 的“however” 都属于这类。所以根据排除法可得出41题为B接下来看42题，在阐述了这种事实即Retails ignored the big profitable opportunity in their own back yard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.后就举例进行论证,F选项的For example 就是提示。42题F 讲到了wholesale demand，而G 中的requirement 就是demand 是同义词，加上however 起到了承上启下的作用。所以43题选G。至于44题，是对43的一种原因解释，即消费者越来越喜欢去外面吃“consumer’s growing preference for eating out”所以这题选A。 这个题目有点难度，不过，只要循着“主题”这根主线，就不能找到正确答案.只要看清每段前后作为主题的名词，抓根提串，抓住了主题这个“根”，后面的句子就肯定能够串起来。 综观2010年的新题型，建议采取如下的解题步骤和解题技巧。 解题步骤： 第一步：通读所有选项，迅速得知文章的主旨大意; 第二步：根据关键词或词组推断句子的顺序 第三步：将排好的句子通读一遍，检测是否文章前后连贯 解题技巧： A.“就近原则” 段落的上下文中寻找解题的线索； B.“时间原则” 现时间、年代等词语时，要注意文章中的时间和选项中的时间的对应关系； C.“代词原则” 指示代词，因为是指代前面的内容，所以一般不能作为段落的开头； D.“相近原则” 如果有两个选项非常的相似，那么其中一个往往是正确答案； E.“重复原则” 如果一个选项中的单词与文章中的单词重复比较多或意思相近的比较多，那么这个选项往往就是正确答案； F.“排除原则”：做排序题时建议大家最好使用排除原则，由易到难地去解题。 如果要在新的题型上有所提高的话，必须特别重视以下两点： 第一，阅读文章里单句之间的关系，这种关系很重要，因为这种关系考察两种题。一是七选五，二是段落排序。新题型主要就是考察同学们对考点空格前后句子关联的把握。
阅读理解专项突破 III词义猜测 【命题特点】考查根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握的能力。【常见考法】 1. The underlined word “…”probably means____. 2. The word “…”used in paragraph “…”refers to/suggests____. 3. The phrase “…”in the sentence can be replaced by ____. 4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…”? 5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”? 6. By saying “…”, we mean_____. 7. What do you think of the expression “…”stands for? 8. The meaning of word “…”in the passage is related to_____. 一．通过定义或解释推测语义 有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它的定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。这些修饰成分可以帮助我们推断出生词的语义 （1）定义句的谓语动词在文中多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define（下定义）, represent, signify（表示，表明）, constitute（指。。）等。（2）解释则常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is（to say）, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面的信息加以重复或解释。 （3）有时作者会用复述的形式来解释语义，而复述部分可以是词、短语或从句。 （4）还有下一些标点符号，如冒号、破折号、括号等都表示后文要继续解释说明前文。eg. 1. The powerful poison was imperceptible when mixed in liquid, that is, it could not be tasted, seen, or smelled. (无法察觉的，感觉不到的) 2. The Greek marriage was monogamous-----men and women were allowed only one spouse（配偶）at a time. （一夫一妻制） Exercises: 1. Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken. ____默剧，哑剧_______ 2. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. _____人类学______ 3. We will meet you in the foyer, the entrance hall of the theatre. ____门厅_______ 4. He began to shave his whiskers, which had grown thick on both cheeks（脸颊）. ___胡须______ 5. Some computer scientists are developing artificial-intelligence machines that they say will think like people. ____人工智能_______ Test 1 There is no cure（治愈）for Alzheimer’s. But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms（症状）. 61. What is ARICEPT？（C） A. A medicine to cure Alzheimer’s B. A medicine to delay signs of aging. C. A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer’s. D. A medicine to cure brain damage. Test 2 Here is The Pines, whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou, wild boar and reindeer with surprising sauces. （1）According to the passage, The Pines is a ______. （D） A. place in which you can see many mobile homes B. mountain where you can get a good view of the valley C. town which happens to be near the Banff National Park D. restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food
2018考研英语冲刺阶段阅读细节题解题 秘诀 首先，根据题干关键词，回文定位。细节题一定考察考生对于文中某一细节信息的具体理解，因此根据关键词精确回文定位是解题之关键。考生只要能精确回文定位，细节题已经成功了一半。 其次，准确理解定位句。由于细节题必定考察文章当中的某一具体信息，而不是我们的常识，所以考生要重点分析这个定位句。但是，有时候答案并不是蕴含于一个句子，而是在定位句的前一句或者后一句。 最后，和选项进行精确比对，直击答案。一般来说，细节题的正确答案是一定是原文信息的同义改写。因此，考生能否准确理解定位句和进行同义改写决定其在细节题的成败。 下面以最近2012-2014年真题为例，为大家详细剖析细节题解题秘诀。 真题：2014年Text 1 26. A lot of students take up law as their profession due to _______. [A] the growing demand from clients [B] the increasing pressure of inflation [C] the prospect of working in big firms [D] the attraction of financial rewards During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare. 【直击答案】根据题干A lot of students take up law as their profession due to，可以定位至该段第二句，其中 A lot of students take up law as their profession是more students to pile into law schools的同义改写。准确理解定位句“The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.”（最好的律师挣钱极多，这吸引更多的学生想要挤进法学院。）由此可以判断很多学生从事法律史由于“律师挣钱极多”。题干中due to是文中tempting的改写。因此，选项D the attraction of financial rewards（金钱回报的吸引）是原文The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money的改写。 真题：2013年Text 1 21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her _______. [A] lack of imagination [B] poor bargaining skill [C] obsession with high fashion [D] insensitivity to fashion In the 2006 film version ofThe Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by
考研英语模拟试题：阅读理解 Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child-or even an animal, such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted. We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others. Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. if you were asked to describe what anice facelooked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe anice person,you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm,and so forth. There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon all ports, an American psychologist, found nearly 18 000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms. People have always tried totypeeach other. Actors in early Greek
三、词汇题解题技巧 词汇题一般会明确地告诉考生出题点在哪里，不需要考生查找所考查内容。它可以考一个单词的含义，一个词组的意思，或者考一个句子的弦外之音。 词汇题常见提问方式如下： The word “accentuate” (Line 4, Para.3) most probably means _____. What is the meaning of …? The word “colonies” (Line 2, Para.4) refers to _____. T he statement “The business of America is business” probably means “_____”. The phrase “puts it down to” (Line 1, Para3) is closest in meaning to “_____”. By “white elephant” the author refers to _____. 实例讲解： 原文： This is the Shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. 题目： 60. “Shadowland”in the last sentence refers to____ .
A) the wonderland one often dreams about B) the bright future that one is looking forward to C) the state of uncertainty before one's final goal is reached D) a world that exists only in one's imagination 此题可以利用并列关系来求解。首先，and后面的句子告诉我们“任何有梦想的人必须要学会在那里生活”，这暗含了“那里”不好的环境。再从and可知，两个分句的逻辑是一致的，据此Shadowland也应该是不利的环境，故选择C项。 考句子含义的，如果句子简单，一般在上下文中寻找答案；如果句子复杂，则更加倾向于在句子内部找答案。 下面介绍一些常用的根据上下文猜测词义的技巧。 第一，针对性解释。 针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，利用它们猜词义比较容易。 1．根据定义猜测词义 如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。例如：
1.主旨题 (考察理解文中具体信息和概念性的含义的能力） ?识别：题干中出现：subject，summary，topic，title等表达方式的为主题句?实质：对论点和论题提问 ?解题方法： 寻找主题句，主题句通常出现在文章首段首句，或出现在文章开头的转折处或文章开头结束处 主题句特征：主体句通常是一个概括总结性的结论或者判断 寻找主题词：主题句首段末段或全文中多次出现 解题原则：正确选项不能描述太细节，不能包含无依据的信息，应该包含主题词或同义替换词 优先考虑议论文的标题 2.例子证明题（主要考察区分论点和论据的能力） ?识别：题干中出现example，case，illustrate等词 ?解题思路：例子为观点和结论服务，寻找到例子对应观点和结论，通常往上或往下寻找 ?错误选项特征：就事论事，自我总结 ? 3.推理题 ?识别：题干中出现infer，learn,conclude等词 ?分类 a.细节性的推理题(题干中包含具体的定位信息） 理解文中具体信息和概念性的含义的能力 b.段落性的推理题（题干中包含具体段落） 理解文中单句之间，段落之间关系的能力，进行有关的判断，推断和引申的能力 c.全文性的推理题（题干中包含主体词或无定位信息） 理解文章总体结构的能力 ?常考出题点：段落首末段，主题句，观点句，转折处，强调或递进关系的地方
?实质和解题原则：考研推理题本质上还是一种同义改写，推理通常为正反推理和归纳总结 解题原则重在推理原文依据，特别关注转折，选择答案方面，主体大于细节，观点大于论据（意思就是选择原文中对应的总结性句子，而不是论据） 4.细节题：题干中不包含提起题型特征的题为细节题 （考察理解稳重的具体信息和概念性的能力，理解文章的总体解雇以及单句之间，段落之间的关系能力） ?事实识别：问题中出现文章相关的具体信息，可以用相对明显的本文词汇定位 ?因果关系：问题中除了有相对具体的定位信息词外，还有表示因果关系的词汇，要重点把握 ?观点识别：与观点结论有关，通常有suggest，found等引导的宾语从句 ?which题型：问题中没有具体的定位词只出现which提问 解题思路： a.识别题型 b.定位：寻找题干定位词（具体的定位词，因果词，观点词，比较词，原文词汇的替换词）与包含定位词的句子 c.读取： ?分析线索句主干与其他各项的对比（表达方式不同，意思最为接近的为正确选项） ?必要时需要分析线索句的上一句和下一句（支持句） ?当线索句为段落首末段时，支持句为段落的其他句子 d.注意事项：顺序原则（出题顺序和行文顺序基本一致）段落原则（一个段落通常只出现一个细节题，细节题通常不跨段（除非段落间存在指代或明显的逻辑关系） 5.词汇题 (考察上下文推测词义的能力） a.识别：要求对题干中的某个单词，词组或句子的含义进行推测 b.实质：通过上下文确定单词含义 c.解题流程： ?返回原文确定题干位置 ?根据上下文推测含义 ?代入原文，确定答案
2020年考研英语阅读模拟试题：理学类(5) The once radical notion that birds descended from dinosaurs——or may even be dinosaurs， the only living branch of the family that ruled the earth eons ago——has got stronger and stronger since paleontologists first started taking it seriously a couple of decades ago. Remarkable similarities in bone structure between dinos and birds were the first clue. Then came evidence， thanks to a series of astonishing discoveries in China's Liaoning province over the past five years， that some dinosaurs may have borne feathers. But a few scientists still argued that the link was weak; the bone similarities could be a coincidence， they said. And maybe those primitive structures visible in some fossils were feathers——but maybe not. You had to use your imagination to see them. Not anymore. A spectacularly preserved fossil of a juvenile dinosaur， announced by a team of paleontologists from the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and New York City's American Museum of Natural History in the latest issue of Nature， is about as good a missing link as anyone could want. “It has things that are undeniably feathers，” exults Richard Prum， of the University of Kansas Natural History Museum，an expert on the evolution of feathers. “But it is clearly a small， vicious theropod similar to the velociraptors that chased the kids around the kitchen in Jurassic Park.” The find helps cement the dinosaur-bird connection， but it also casts new light on the mystery of why nature invented feathers in the first place. For the better part of a century，
考研英语阅读理解新题型答案 Directions: The following paragraph are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) [A] No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees. [B] His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in
最新高考英语阅读理解专题指导－猜测词义题在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。这时许多同学立即翻阅词典，查找词义。这样做不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高我们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。 常见的题干有： 1) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word？ 2) The word... could best be replaced by. 3) In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to). 4) According to the passage,... probably means. 5) The author uses the word... to mean. 猜测词义时，一般可利用以下四个方面的线索： 一是针对性的解释 针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。这些解释提供的信息明确具体，所使用的语言通俗易懂，利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。 1.根据定义（definition）猜测词义 如果生词有一个句子（定语从句或是同位语<同位语前常有 or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say, i.g. 等>或是同位语从句）或段落来定义,或使用破折号，冒号，分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。定义常用的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。