（三）定语从句
一、填入适当的引导词
1. Please pass me the notebook ________ cover is yellow .
2. Li Hua was one of the girls ________ have the chance to go abroad.
3. He must be form Africa , ________ can be seen from his skin .
4. Air, _______ we breathe every day , is around us all the time .
5. 1949 was the year ________ the New China was born .
6. I don't know the reason ________ she looks unhappy today .
7. This is the village _________ my father worked three years ago .
8. I still remember the day ________ the old scientist took us to the lab for the first time .
9. The letter ________ I received yesterday is from my sister .
10.The woman ________ you saw in the park is our geography teacher .
二、单项选择
( ) 1. I’ll never forget the days_________we worked together.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
( ) 2. I don't like the way_________ you speak to the old man.
A. /
B. which
C. in that
D. at which
( ) 3. The tall building_________door open to south is our teaching building.
A. which
B. that
C. its
D. whose
( ) 4. I have bought two pens, _________ write well.
A. none of which
B. neither of which
C. both of which
D. all of which
( ) 5. Lost in the thick forest, the old man had got no person _________ he could turn for help.
A. form whom
B. that
C. who
D. to whom
( ) 6. Do you know the reason_________she has Changed her mind?
A. why
B. which
C. for that
D. of which
( ) 7. _________ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
A. It
B. Which
C. That
D. As
( ) 8. Is this dictionary ______ you bought the day before yesterday?
A. when
B. which
C. that
D. the one
( ) 9. He is not_________a fool_________ .
A. such, as he is looked
B. such, as he looks
C. so, as he looks
D. as, as he is looked
( ) 10. This is the best place _________ we have visited up to now.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. in which
( ) 11. It is the first time ______ I have come to your city.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. what
( ) 12. I have not got enough money_________to buy a car.
A. for which
B. with which
C. that
D. which
( ) 13. During the week_________ he tried to collect materials for his article.
A. that followed
B. to follow
C. following
D. followed
( ) 14. There is a great deal of oxygen around us, _________we couldn't live.
A. without it
B. which
C. without which
D. that
( ) 15. That is the new machine _____ parts are too small to be seen.
A. which
B. that their
C. its
D. whose
( ) 16. I believe_________ he told me.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. what
( ) 17. Who_________has the same idea as it will do it this way.
A. who
B. that
C. whom
D. which
( ) 18. They've invited me to the party ______ is kind of them.
A. this
B. that
C. which
D. as
( ) 19. _____ we all have known, grammar is a set of dead rules.
A. What
B. As
C. That
D. Which
( ) 20. Is this the shop sells shoes?
A. which
B. in Which
C. where
D. the one
( ) 21. Do you still remember the place_________you once visited a few years ago?
A. where
B. that
C. in which
D. how
( ) 22. I’ll show you a shop_________you are sure to buy all _________ you need now.
A. that, that
B. which, that
C. where, which
D. in which, /
( ) 23. The day _________ you have been looking forward to will certainly came.
A. in which
B. when
C. which
D. what
( ) 24. Can you lend me the book_________ last night.
A. you talked about
B. about that you talked
C. that you talked
D. which you talked
( ) 25. I have never heard such things_________ you have just said.
A. which
B. as
C. like
D. about which
( ) 26. Gone are the days_________the working people suffered from cold and hunger.
A. on that
B. at which
C. when
D. with which
( ) 27. He told us there was very little in the novel_________really interested him.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. how it
( ) 28. _________ is known to all of us, computers are widely used.
A. Which
B. That
C. What
D. As
( ) 29. This is the very hotel in_________we stayed last year.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. the place
( ) 30. Who is the man_________is reaching under that tree?
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. whom
三、单句改错
1. The story happened in November on which the weather was very cold.________________
2.I watched all the glasses which were on the table fall off onto the floor.
_______________
3. Stella is one of the engineers who is fit for the task . _______________
4.Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, that his parents expect.
_______________
5. Even at that moment he didn't come to our help, who made us disappointed.
_______________
6. Mr Williams has two sons , both of whom looks like him . _______________
7. That is the boy who’s father died three years ago. _______________
8. Tell me the reason for why we are not allowed to do so. _______________
9. When we passed the place which the dead boy lay, each of us saluted.
_______________ 10.The factory where is a small one stands near the river . _______________
人教版必修一unit4语法:定语从句强化训练题一.课文原句感知 1．But the one million people of the city，______thought little of these events，were asleep as usual thatnight. 2．It was felt in Beijing，______is more than two hundred kilometers away. 3．The number of people _____were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.4．Then，laterthatafternoon， anotherbigquake______wasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan. 5．The army organized teams to dig out those______were trapped and to bury the dead. 6．Workers built shelters for survivors_________homes had been destroyed. 二．用适当的关系代词填空 （1） 1．The building________wall is white is my uncle's house. 2．I know the boy________you are looking for. 3．Will you please lend me the very book________you bought yesterday? 4．The student________the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor. 5．The season________comes after spring is summer. 6．This is the museum________we visited last Saturday. 7．Is this the museum________you visited last Saturday? 8．I found some photos of interesting places________were not far away from our city. 9．The boy with________John spoke is my brother.
定语从句 一．单项选择定语从句的用法 1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. this 2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. who m B. which C. who D. / A. the one B. that C. which D. / 6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. that C. / D. it 7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C. that D. all 8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who 9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday. A. which B. whom C. whose D. this 10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year. A. who B. whom C. which
定语从句（3）从句的本质 从句的本质是：句子作成分/词类 在简单句中，成分都是由单词或短语充当的： I know you. 主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是you I enjoy reading novels. 主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是reading novels（动宾短语） I know he is ill. 主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是he is ill（句子）我们可以看出：最后的句子He is ill 是作了句子成分的，作宾语，因此可以叫它为“宾语从句” 从另一个角度来说：这个句子相当于一个名词，因此可以叫做“名词性从句” That she finished reading an English novel surprised us all. 上面的句子当中，句子She finished reading an English novel作了主语，因此叫“主语从句”，也相当于名词，还可以叫做“名词性从句”
She finished reading an Englishnovel yesterday. She finished reading an Englishnovel at the age of 12. She finished reading an Englishnovel when she was 12. 从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是状语，因此从句叫“状语从句”，或叫“副词性从句”。 The little girl finished reading an English novel. The girl in school uniform finished reading an English novel. The girl who is 12 finished reading an English novel.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是定语，因此从句叫“定语从句”，或叫“形容词性从句”。
初三定语从句 1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 3.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用………的?表示。主要由形容词担任。此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 (一）限定性定语从句 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing ,few, all, none, little, some等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有 人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样. 8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导 There is somebody here who wants to speak to you. 这里有人要和你说话。 (二）非限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
高一英语Unit 5 Nelson Mandela（定语从句练习） I 用合适的关系词填空 1 Is he the man wants to see you? 2 He is the man I saw yesterday. 3 They rushed over to help the man car had broken down. 4 The package you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. II 把书翻到34页，从课文中找出关系副词或介词+ which/whom引导的定语从句Example: The time when I first met Nelson Mandela…… 1 (where) 2 (when) 3 (prep + which) 4 (prep + whom) [Practice] 1 I still remember the day / I first came to Beijing. 2 Can you tell me the office / he works? 3 Do you know the reason / he is absent? III 比较关系代词和关系副词: ( 1 ) Do you still remember the days that /which we spent in Qingdao? （2）Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao? [Practice] 用合适的关系代词或关系副词填空 1 The city I was born has a lot of parks. 2 I don’t like cities have a lot of factories. 3 New Year’s Eve is a time I am always looking forward to. 4 My birthday is a day I think about my future. 5 He is the cleverest boy I have ever seen. 6 I saw a house the window of is broken. 7 I saw a house windows are broken. 8 I will never forget the days I worked together you on the farm. 9 He has got himself into a dangerous place he is likely to lose his way. 10 We expressed the hope they had expressed. IV 练习A Complete the following sentences with “preposition+ which/whom” 1 This is the rock the boy fell down into the sea. 2 Yesterday we had a meeting，we discussed a lot of questions. 3 The film star we talked a lot will give us a speech tomorrow. 4 Nothing can grow on the moon there is neither water nor air. 5 The West Lake Hangzhou is famous in the world will be more beautiful. 6 The newspaper he often writes articles is China Daily. 7 The stories about the Long March are well written, this is one example. 8 The subject Xiao Wang is good is physics. 9 The professor Mr. Smith shook hands yesterday has made new discoveries in science. 10 At last I met the writer I had heard long before. B Choose the correct answer 1 I still remember the days we studied together. A that B which C where D when 2 He didn’t know which room . A they lived B they lived in C did they live D did they live in 3 This is the reason I came here. A which B why C that D in which 4 Swimming is a very good sport, everybody likes. A which B that C whose D who 5 We lived in the room windows faced south. A whose B of which C which D that 6 Many forests the animals lived were destroyed. A which B that C where D when 7 We often think of the happiest days we spent together on the island. A when B which C that D during which 8 He is one of the teachers who English but the only one of the teachers who French in our school. A know; knows B knows; know C knows; knows; D know; know
1、The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 2、It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. 3、He was generous with his time ,for which I was grateful. 4、The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away .
5、However,this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 6、The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. 7、The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress ,until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
8、The part of town in which they had to live were decided by white People. 9、The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. 10、We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important ,or fight the government. 11、We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.
一、选择题 1．Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut ___________went into space. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 2．Behind the Ruian Square there is ________________. We often enjoy reading books. A．a museum that is open in the day time B．a library that has a lot of books C．a market which sells delicious fruit D．a restaurant which will be built in 2 years 3．—Have you visited the Great Wall? —Sure! I think it was the best place ________ I’ve ever been to. A．where B．that C．which 4．The painting by Picasso ________ is about people’s love for life is shown in the museum. A．who B．which C．what 5．-Have you found the information about the famous people ______ you can use for the report? -Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet. A．who B．what C．whom D．which 6．—Qingdao is the most beautiful city ________ I’ve ever been to. —So it is. Many international meetings are held there every year. A．that B．which C．who D．where 7．After retiring, my teacher Mr. Dai moved to the village he was born sixty years ago. A．when B．which C．where D．what 8．This is the best movie_________ I have ever seen. A．that B．it C．which D．what 9．Lang Ping is the coach of the Chinese women 's volleyball team, _________ led the girls to win the gold medal at 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women’s World Cup. A．which B．whose C．who 10．Running man is a very relaxing TV program_______is hot among the young people. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 11．— Have you heard of the famous Huawei company? —Sure. It’s one of the greatest companies ________ make us Chinese proud. A．which B．that C．what D．who 12．—Do you know the old man is talking to our head teacher? —Yes, he’s my grandfather. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which 13．--Mary, think about before you take a trip to Harbin. --OK, I'll take some warm coats then. A．the time that you will spend B．the sights that you will visit C．the people who you will meet D．the clothes which you will bring
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面: 1. 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibi lity,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性 (同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题 (同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了 (同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面 (定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习 (定语从句,代词all作先行词) 2. 从性质上区别 ? 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴如: The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的 (定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语) I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有 (同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言) The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺 (定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语) 3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别 有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句如: That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑 (同位语从句) I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事 (同位语从句) 引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替如: The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了(同位语从句,是对order 的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略)
人教版必修一unit4语法:定语从句强化训练题 一.课文原句感知 1．But the one million people of the city，______thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night. 2．It was felt in Beijing，______is more than two hundred kilometers away. 3．The number of people _____were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000. 4．Then，later that afternoon，another big quake ______was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. 5．The army organized teams to dig out those______were trapped and to bury the dead. 6．Workers built shelters for survivors_________homes had been destroyed. 二．用适当的关系代词填空 （1） 1．The building________wall is white is my uncle's house. 2．I know the boy________you are looking for. 3．Will you please lend me the very book________you bought yesterday? 4．The student________the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor. 5．The season________comes after spring is summer. 6．This is the museum________we visited last Saturday. 7．Is this the museum________you visited last Saturday? 8．I found some photos of interesting places________were not far away from our city. 9．The boy with________John spoke is my brother. 10．The girl________leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital.
定语从句 定义:定语从句(Attributive Clauses )在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which 关系畐U词有：whe n, where, why The man who/ that came first is Joh n. 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主 Example: A prosperity which / that has n ever bee n see n before appears in the coun tryside. The package (which / that) you are carry ing is about to come un wrapped. Is he the man who/that wants to see you? He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broke n dow n. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is gree n. 2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1) when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：Beiji ng is the place where (in which) I was born. Is this the reas on why (for which) he refused our offer? 2) 抽象地点 地、境况、情况、情形、地步为先行词的时候，用where引导的定语从句。 例题： 1. We ' re just trying to reach a point ___ b oth sides will sitdown together and talk. A . where B . that C. when D . which 2. Today, we ' ll discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the Ianguage properly. A. which B. as C. why D. where
定语从句 开篇语 开心自测 开心自测讲解 题一： It’s helpful to put children in a situation ____ they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where 题二： The prize will go to the writer ____ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 题三： I’ll never forget the day ____ I spent in Tibet. A. which B. when C. where D. what 题四： You might search on the Internet for comments or news stories about this school ____ may interest you. A. where B. / C. that D. what 题五： How I regret the hours wasted in the woods and fields, ____ I should have studied. A. where B. what C. which D. when 主要考点梳理 什么是定语？ 让我们回忆一下初中的一些熟悉的句型： This is a red apple. This is a tall man. This is a handsome tall boy. This is the factory near our school. This is a basket full of fruits.
定语从句复习（三） 1.. We are living in an age_________ many things are done on computers. A. which B. that C. whose D. when 2. Alec asked the policeman _______ he worked to contact with him whenever there was an accident. A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom 3. In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, __________ only 14 are recognized as official. A. of whom B. where C. of which D. all that 4. China has a lot of rivers, __________ the Changjiang River is the longest. A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which 5. Jeanne was her old friend, _________ she borrowed a necklace. A. from whom B. from which C. from who D. to whom 6. He built a telescope ________ he could study the sky. A. in which B. through that C. from which D. through which 7. This is the very kinfe ________ I used to cut the apples. A. that B. with which C. with that D. with it 8. His glasses,__________ he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke. A. that B. which C. without D. without which 9. She doesn’t see the reason _______ he would not join them. A. when B. why C. where D. for that 10. This is just the room _________Lu Xun once lived. A. in which B. where C. in that D. both A and B 11. I don't think the number of people ________ this happens is very large. A. whom B. to whom C. of whom D. to which 12. There is a mountain ________the top is always covered with snow. A. of which B. of that C. whose D. to which 13. Henry set up a club for football fans, ________ he has invited all his friends. A. to which B. to whom C. for whom D. from whom 14. Mr Wang has three daughters,________, luckily for him, works as a doctor. A. none of whom B. one of whom C. one of them D. all of whom 15. They were given a lot of information, _______ was useless. A. most of them B.most of which C. none of which D. some of which 16. The day is far away _______ we will be able to heat our rooms with the sub’s energy. A. when B. in which C. that D. which 17. I took my friend to the Summer Palace, ______ we had some photos taken. A. which B. that C. where D. when 18. I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent in Beijing.
定语从句 20.1 定语从句的概述 用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句。定语从句（Attributive Clause）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词、词组或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 20.2. 关系代词引导的定语从句 20.2.1 关系代词 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 ·This is the detective who came from London. 这位是来自伦敦的侦探。 ·The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 我在读的这本书是托马斯·哈代写的。 ·The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 断了腿的桌子很破旧。 ·This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 这是莎士比亚出生的房间。 20.2.2 关系代词的用法 20.2.2.1 关系代词who的用法 A. who 的先行词必须是人，在从句中可以担任主语，往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾语的whom，但是它前边不能有介词，如果带了介词就必须用宾格的whom：（介词+whom）·This is the teacher who teaches us mathematics. ·She is the girl who (whom) I met at the party.（可以替代） ·She is the girl whom (who) I went there with.（可以替代） ·She is the girl with whom I went there.（不可替代） B. who, that在很多情况下可以通用，但是有些情况只能用who： a. 先行词是one, ones, anyone的时候宜用who。 ·One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. 无所畏惧的人敢于说实话。
定语从句 一、考点聚焦 1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please. 3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 （1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。 （2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点： ①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting. ②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。 There are many places we can visit（them）in China. 4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。 关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。 5、确定关系词的步骤 （1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。 （2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 A．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 What was the name of the man who lent you the money 借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？（定语从句修饰先行词the man，做主语） He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。（定语从句修饰先行词he） B．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语。在口语或非正式文体中，whom可省略或可用who来代替，但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。 There are some people (whom/who) we like and others (whom/who) we dislike. 有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。（定语从句分别修饰先行词people, others） Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office. 两个人来到我的办公室，我以前从未见过他们。（在介词后面不用who） C．whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词。 There are some people whose faces you can never forget. 有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。（定语从句修饰先行词people） I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted air. 我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。（定语从句修饰行词trees） 注意：The bike whose brake was damaged has now been repaired. 那辆坏了闸的自行车现在已经修好了。 =The bike the brake of which was damaged has now been repaired. =The bike of which the brake was damaged has now been repaired. D．which 1．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。做宾语时常可省略。 English is a language which is easy to learn. 英语是一门容易学的语言。（which在定语从句中作主语，不能省略）