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八年级英语口语测试及思考-2019年教育文档

八年级英语口语测试及思考-2019年教育文档
八年级英语口语测试及思考-2019年教育文档

八年级英语口语测试及思考

一、引言

在新课程理念下,学生英语学习水平的评价方式不能仅仅停留于笔试的测试形式,笔者认为口试结合笔试能更全面地反映学生的真实水平。义务教育英语课程标准提出,终结性评价应采用不同类型的综合性和表现性的评价形式,以口试、听力和笔试相结合的方式,综合考查学生的语言应用能力。但究竟以何种形式的口语测试能够更好地反馈学生的口语水平,笔者认为根据年级的不同及新课标针对不同年级提出的口语表达水平等级的不同,可以设置不同形式的口试方式。

针对八年级的学生,什么样的口语形式是比较恰当的选择呢?我们做了以下尝试,并且基于得到的数据,进行了分析及反思。

二、口语测试的实施过程

(一)口试方案的确定

1.口试的内容及形式

英语口语测试主要在于考核学生朗读和表达自己想法的能力。新课标中三级目标关于口语表达的目标设定为:能与教师或同学就熟悉的话题(如学校、家庭生活)交换信息。四级目标:能用简单的语言描述自己或他人的经历,能表达简单的观点。基于以上要求,教师根据新目标英语Goforit八年级上册的教材,归纳出5个主要话题:(1)谈论你锻炼的频率及如何保持健康;(2)谈论你的寒假出游计划;(3)比较你和你的一位朋友的相同点和不同点;(4)谈论你过去的一次经历;(5)谈论你想要实现的工作及人生目标。

口试的形式为一分钟演讲的形式。学生在考前一周时间内根据下发的口试通知,准备好五个话题的演讲稿,进行适当的准备后,在口试时脱稿演讲。

2.教师培训及口试评价标准

对口语测试人员进行集中培训,详细讲解口语测试的评分标准和把握尺度,熟悉口语测试的整个流程,务必达到针对同一名学生的表现,两人打的分分差不超过5分的口试效果。

根据口试的形式,从演讲内容丰富程度(50分),句子及词汇复杂程度(20分),语音标准、语调自然(15分)及台上表现(5分)制定详细的口试评分标准。

(二)口语测试过程

口试过程中,评分教师需要对口试的流程做简要说明,学生按照座号在讲台下排队,按照顺序抽签之后上台演讲。评分教师根据学生表现打分,两名教师的打分分差不得超过5分。每生的最终得分为两名评分教师所打分数的均分。

三、口试考试的数据分析

通过口试成绩的数据分析,笔者有以下发现:

(一)笔试成绩与口试成绩没有必然的正相关

本年级共有6个班级,下表为经过一个学年在期中及期末笔试考试中基本稳定下来的6个班的均分排名,以及本次口试成绩均分排名对比:

从上表可以看出,笔试与口试成绩有着一定的关联,但笔试成绩越好的班级未必口语表达水平就越高,口试成绩与笔试成绩的关联很大程度上与口试形式有着密切联系。由于本次口试形式在演讲内容上赋分较多,因此,检验的不仅是口语表达水准,更是英语学习水平。此外,在以任务型教学为主导的教学方式下,班级口语水平与教师在日常教学中的个人特色有着较密切的关系。如果教师能够设计形式多样的口语训练形式,那么,经过一个学年的训练,学生在口语表达上相较其他学生必然有更大的收获。

(二)口语测试检测的不仅是学生的口语表达能力,更是口语交际能力

新课程标准以学生“能用英语做事情”的描述设定各级目标要求,旨在强调培养学生的综合语言运用能力。所谓“能用英语做事情”,即是让英语的使用贴

合生活实际,本次口语测试筛选的5个话题都与学生的生活实际紧密相关,学生不仅仅是在背诵一篇文章,更是用英语在向别人陈述自己的经历和经验,展示自己的生活方式,描述自己对未来的展望。因此,口试是在测试学生使用英语进行交际的能力。这一点对日常教学的启示是,首先,我们要创设符合生活实际的情境,通过新内容的学习,让学生将知识应用到交际中。其次,我们在教学设计中务求活动的多样性,对话练习、总结、复述等都是对学生不同角度英语表达的要求。

(三)口试结合情感目标的实现

口语测试是不是仅仅测试学生的口语水平?显然不是。限制话题的演讲测试形式要求学生必须能够自信、自然地表达自己。

我们从不同维度制定教学目标,那么口语测试同时是检测在情感态度价值观维度上的教学效果。新课标中在情感态度价值观上的五级要求是:有学习英语的愿望和兴趣,乐于参与各种英语实践活动;有学好英语的信心,敢于用英语进行表达;能体会英语学习中的乐趣。口试同时测试了学生在英语表达时的应变能力,一个学生如果能够站在台上流利自信地用英语表达自己的想法,那么何尝不是一次珍贵的磨炼和体验?

(四)调查结果展示

在口试后,针对口试的意义和形式,我们对整个年级的学生进行了一次问卷调查,以下是问卷调查的结果:

四、反思

这是一次对八年级学生进行口语测试的初探,我们希望通过这样的尝试,能对如何对八年级学生进行口试有初步的探索和成果,并对八年级英语的口试形式提出一些有用的建议。

首先,单一的口试形式无法全面测试学生的口语水平,即使我们结合了教材中的话题,用演讲的形式让学生展示英语表达水平,但仍无法检测学生的情景对话能力。值得注意的是,我们无法通过一次口语测试全面地了解学生的口语表达能力,在这样的前提下,我们可以结合多种形式的口试方式,如将对话

朗读和演讲结合,或者将朗读段落与看图讲故事结合,同时测试在对话环境下与段落环境下的学生口语表达能力,能够综合测试语音、语调等的准确程度。

其次,口试需寻求递进式的测试形式。针对初中学习过程,教研组最好能够实施从七年级到九年级的口语测试,跟踪学生从低年级到高年级的英语口语能力,通过递进式从简单到难的口试形式,对学生的口语表达水平提出逐渐增高的要求,适应不同阶段的笔试要求,同时培养学生的综合表达能力。

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