词汇题考前复习

英语上册期末词汇专项复习题英语上册期末词汇专项复习题A. 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。

fall, not leave, harvest, make, mop1. ___________ crops, farmers work very hard in the fields every autumn.2. All work and no play ___________ Jack a dull boy.3. From now on, I_________you alone any more.4. My mother ____________ the floor when the telephone rang.5. Im surprised to hear that she ___________ off her bike carelessly yesterday.not be, find, tidy, prepare, happen6. Alice saw her son ____________ up the bed when she went to wake him up this morning.7. Nobody knows what ____________ to him in a few years.8. Spring Festival is coming, Li Lei with his parents ____________ to visit Hainan Island these years.9. Timmy did what he could ____________ his way out after the earthquake.10. Lets go shopping if it _______so cold tomorrow.drop; not be; plan; fly; make1. _________ the little baby stop crying, he tried all the ways he could think of.2. --- Whats the noise?--- Oh, the students ___________ their autumn trip excitedly.3. The radio says the temperature ___________ a lot later today.4. The Smith _______ back to New York three days ago and they will come back in two days.5. I got up early in order __________ late for school.take; sing; write; travel; laugh6. --- Why didnt she stop him going out?--- Sorry, but she ___________ a letter and didnt see him go out.7. Mr Wu told us that light __________ much faster than sound.8. I cant understand why such a story made him __________ so happily.9. The Olympic Games ___________place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.10.I heard your daughter ______________ in the next room at ten last night.make, not know, start, stop, hit1. Our trip ___________ at 8:00 a.m. and finishes at 4:00 p.m.2. Its important for the government to do something ____________ sandstorm.3. —Look! How wonderfully Lucy is singing!—We _____________ she could sing so well.4. It is a little difficult to guess when iPhone 6 _____________ the market.5. —Why did the policeman stop your car?—I a call at that moment. What a bad day!see; prepare; rain; read; mop6. —Wheres our Math teacher?—Maybe he ____________ the new lesson with other teachers in the office.7. I wont see the film because I _____________it twice.8. Amy_______________ the floor for her mother when I visited her yesterday afternoon.9. If it __________ tomorrow, I wont go out.10. The students are busy _______ books.watch; go, lead; get; catch11. We fishing if it is fine next Sunday.12. Work harder, and you better grades in your lessons.13. Too much homework _________ to students poor health.14. _______ the early bus, he got up early this morning.15. Not only they but Jim _________ the birds in Yancheng Nature Reserve now.mix; wear; not make; read; play1. Its raining cats and dogs. Youd better ___________ a raincoat to prevent getting all wet.2. Luke spent as little time as he could ___________ computer games.3. I hope you ___________ the same mistake again after this serious one.4. Not only the twins but also Tom often ___________ salt with sugar by mistake in the kitchen.5. I was playing computer games while my father ________newspapers last Saturday afternoon.use, write, build, weigh, buy6. Those engineers _______ a model of the future building and left for the USA for more ideas.7. —Can I borrow your eraser? —Sorry, I _________ it at the moment.8. Do you know which factory he went to ___________ more bricks for his new house?9.The baby panda ______________ about 100 grams at birth but it was very healthy.10.He was busy_____ a report on animals in danger between 7 and 9 oclock yesterday evening.protect; not hear; wait; do; beat1. I was listening very carefully, but I ______anything unusual.2. Who _______for me at seven yesterday evening?3.I could feel my heart _______ faster at the moment.4.He _______ his homework last night, but I dont know if he has finished it.5. What actions should we take _______wild animals.cut; protect; watch; come; not eat6.Could you please______________ wild animals?7. We should make rules to prevent people _______down trees.8. I hope he ________ back soon so that we can have dinner together.9. Chinese government has ma de laws the wild animals10. When my parents came home yesterday, I TV in the living room.11.It is_______(吹)really hard outside.I lost my hair clip just now.12.--Could you speak in a______voice?I cant hear you clearly.--I ask you where my bag is.13. The __________ of this mountain is 5540 meters. (高度)14.We dont know this song very well because itsu________.15.—I am going to study hard from now on.----________speak louder than words.You should do it instead of saying.16.--Could you drive more________?Its too fast. ---OK.I will.17.---I need your_______to post something to you.----20,Downing Street,London.18.---We should let the parents know the___________of this meeting.----Yes. It is about the food their children shouldnt eat. Its really important.19.---Dont be so angry. The children are shaking in_______.---They should learn a lesson today.20. Mum is always busy. Last week she __________ three meetings. (出席)21. If you want to come, please let us know as soon as ____________(可能的).22. There are __________ of people by the sea. (千)23. The more careful you are, the fewer ____________ youll make. (错误)24. The ___________(开头部分)of the movie is interesting, but the rest is boring.25. There is fog and haze(雾霾)here these days. What an___________(terrible)day!26. Words cant ___________(描述)her beauty.27. Dupont felt so ___________ (遗憾的)that he decided not to tell his family back in France.28.We hope you can ___________ (接受) our invitation and join us.29.Now the Chinese ____________ (政府) has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong.30.He had a ___________ (头痛) yesterday and wasnt at school.31.The __________ (突然的) heavy rain causes a lot of problem.32. Dont worry about your son. His temperature ___________ (下降) back to normal just now.33. ____________ (令人遗憾地), we lost the basketball match in the end last night.34. I think it is a ____________ (the best) place to spend our summer holiday.35. Ive got a ____________ (牙疼). I cant eat anything now.36.The girl felt very ___________(紧张) when the teacher asked her questions.37. You can go to any place you like. You are ___________(自由) now.38. Its a __________ (多云) day today and its going to rain.39.The giant pandas are ________(面临) many serious problems in the wild now.40. Last week, it kept raining _____________ (到处) in my hometown.41. They told me they all enjoyed their ______ (逗留) in Beijing last month.42. Mr. Wu got an application from David, and he ________ (take sth. willingly) it finally.43. It is necessary for everyone to know the ______________( 重要 ) of wetlands.44. She felt unhappy because her mother looked (生气) at her.45. If we dont protect the wetlands, it will be_________(可能) to see these endangered birds.46. When you are in danger, it is important to make yourself not ________ (紧张) and calm down.47. We had a hard time driving to work today. Just hope tomorrow will be less _______ (有雪的).48. His body ___________ (温度) keeps rising. We need to send for a doctor right away.49. Seeing the air crash, she could feel her own heart ___________ (作节奏运动) quickly.50. Are there many _______(暴风雪) in Beijing every year?51. The girl couldnt help _______(尖叫) when she stepped on a snake.52. My English teacher has a great sense of ________(幽默).53.What does this word ________(准确) mean?54. We can enjoy the beauty of the (自然的) world in the countryside.55. Write down all the ______________ (a person who is visiting a place)names here, please!56. Do you want to learn something about the ____________(文化) of western countries?57. Zhalong Nature Reserve is one of the most important ____ .(湿地)58. Simon didnt sleep well last night, now he looks ___________. (in need of sleep)59. I hope that one day, no one will kill the tigers for their fur and they will be _______ in the nature. (not in danger)60. Tom made many mistakes in the Maths exam, so he didn t p ass it as a _______.(结果)61. We are fully ___________(活着的) only when were helping others.62. ___________(既然) the weather is so nice, we can go camping.63. As a student, you should learn to __________(面对) all kinds of problems.64. The giant yellow rubber duck is so popular that you can see it _____________(到处).65. I want to buy an iPhone 5s, but there is ___________(not any) left in the Apple store.66. People walk in all ______________(方向) after getting off the bus.67. These animals are too poor, please have________ (同情) on them.68.We must stop driving cars to reduce air____________ (污染)in the cities.69.You will____________ (get to know)the mistake you made today in the future.70.Though he lives alone.he has a lot of friends and doesntfeel__________(not happy because of being alone).71. We should stop putting the ___________(something useless)into the river.72. Husband and __________ should share housework and love with each other.73. Nothing is __________ in the world if you put your heart into it.74. Things have changed a lot __________ (in a period of time)the four years.75. Millie is __________ (采访)him to get some information.。

高考英语语法词汇专项突破：代词考点专题全突破+巩固训练养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

[命题热点]代词结构种类很多，有人称代词、反身代词、物主代词、疑问代词、指示代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定式代词、替代词以及it等。

从命题角度看主要考查代词词义的区别，如that/one/it；代词功能的区别，如me, oneself, she, ours；含有代词的固定短语，如make it/give me five; 反身代词的用法，如help oneself, enjoy oneself; 比较中的代词用法；反义疑问句中的代词；不定代词用法；疑问代词与疑问副词辨析。

从历年高考题来看，不定代词和替代词的考查是重点。

试题设置了一定情景干扰，题干句的语法结构十分重要，重点考查考生在语境中灵活运用代词的能力。

考点1 人称代词的主格与宾格_____(I), too. I was a little stressed out about this new store, but now I'm feeling much more confident.详解：Me。

根据答句后面的I看出前面是第一人称单数，再根据单独使用得出用宾格代词代替主格代词，用Me。

16. I followed him to see _____ he was going, and I was very surprised when he went into the police station. A. how B. where C. why D. whether
17. We still didn’t know _____ he came so soon.
15. ---Have you found the information about famous people _____ you can use for the report? ---Not yet. I’ll search some on the internet. A. which C. what B. who D. whom
13. Ricky caught a bad cold yesterday, ______ he had to stay at home. A. because B. but C. or D. so
14. There is a lot of traffic in the city, ______ look both ways before crossing the street. A. so B. and C. but D. for
2. “You can’t have them both. You can choose ______ the kite _____ the toy car,” said Mother. A. either; or B. both; and C. not only; but also D. either; nor
3. ---I hear a new film is on these days. Shall we go to the cinema together, Lucy and Lily? ---_____ Lily _____ I will go with you because one of us must be at home to help our father in the garden.

2019级（一年级）词汇语法复习100题（4-1）1. Birds learn to fly by ______.A. instanceB. inspectC. instinctD. institute2. The doctors _______ the medicines to the people in the flood area.A. prayedB. packedC. distributedD. undertook3. Much of the news provided by this newspaper is _______, not foreign.A. murderB. strainC. purchaseD. domestic4. He tried to _______ relations with his former wife but he failed.A. measureB. maintainC. shelterD. reply5. He _______ to study harder in the future so that he could have more opportunities to find a better job.A. resolvedB. resortedC. requestedD. reserved6. The _______ work continued for more than a week but there was still no sign of the missing boy.A. researchB. rescueC. vesselD. vast7. _______ energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake.A. AccumulatedB. GatheredC. AssembledD. Collected8. However, at times this balance in nature is _______, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.A. troubledB. disturbedC. confusedD. puzzled9. She is a very ________ secretary: she never forgets anything or makes a mistake.A. anxiousB. effectiveC. adequateD. efficient10. Nancy is only a sort of ________ of her husband’s opinion and has no ideas of her own.A. sampleB. reproductionC. echoD. shadow11. The French pianist who had been praised very highly ______ to be great disappointment.A. turned upB. turned inC. turned outD. turned down12. The boy is eager to _______ knowledge in different fields.A. insertB. absorbC. arrangeD. approach13. If I __________ harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.A. workedB. were to workC. had workedD. were working14. Chemical changes can ______ energy.A. give offB. give upC. give ofD. give in15. He __________ another career but, at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school.A. might have chosenB. might chooseC. had to chooseD. must have chosen16. I was speaking to Jane on the phone when suddenly we were______.A. cut offB. cut downC. cut backD. cut out17. Peter complained to the owner of the bookstore that there were some pages______ in the dictionary.A. losingB. missingC. droppingD. falling18. What she told me about the affair simply doesn’t make any_______.A. ideaB. meaningC. senseD. significance19. The lawyer’s question was a _____ that caused the defendant to admit his guilt.A. planB. plotC. tapD. trap20. Why can’t you do this small ____ for me? I’ve helped you often enough in the past.A. demandB. requestC. favorD. requirement21. People are ______ for peace.A. longingB. shortingC. lackingD. wishing22. In my bedroom, there is a pair of scissors, a stack of books and ______ flowers on my desk.A. a piece ofB. a pocket ofC. a slice ofD. a bunch of23. Ryan was late for conference yesterday traffic jam.A. becauseB. sinceC. forD. because of24. Young as Bill Gates was, he was very good at ________ the computer problems.A. handlingB. designingC. changingD. supplying25. Mike had prepared carefully for his math exam so that he could be sure of passing it on his first ______.A. purposeB. attemptC. intentionD. struggle26. I have two boys but _______ of them likes sweets.A. bothB. neitherC. eitherD. none27. Some stores set ______ special areas where customers can relax.A.downB. upC. offD. on28. Parents have the duty to ______ their children into the adventure of life.A. launchB. decideC. relieveD. set29. She needs someone to ______ in about a very personal problem.A. speakB. decideC. confideD. talk30. You really shouldn’t carry so much money ______ with you.A. ofB. aroundC. onD. along31. He’s tried many things with no particular success, but he is _____ an incapable person.A. in term ofB. by no meansC. in addition toD. by means of32. He went ahead ______ all warnings about the danger of his mission.A. in case ofB. because ofC. regardless ofD. prior to33. She was so _____ in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door.A. attractedB. absorbedC. drawnD. concentrated34. During the lecture, the speaker occasionally ____ his point by relating his own experiences.A. illustratedB. hintedC. citedD. displayed35. Whatever one has planned to do is ____ to be altered in the process.A. prohibitedB. eagerC. embarrassedD. bound36. After a long and exhausting journey, they arrived ______.A. till the lastB. at lastC. by the endD. at the end37. We object ________ punishing a whole group for one person’s fault.A. againstB. aboutC. toD. or38. I can’t ______ what that object is.A. make upB. make overC. make outD. make for39. I’m ______ for New York tomorrow to attend a business meeting.A. settingB. setting inC. setting aboutD. setting out40. You must ______ your fear of heights when standing on the top of Mount Tai.A. conquerB. defeatC. loseD. forget41. At drama school, there is _________ attention to a student’s control of both voice and movement, and thedifferent departments work at developing a student’s overall acting technique.A. currentB. worldwideC. primaryD. constant42. The kitchen _____ fresh baked bread, which carried her back to her childhood.A. emergedB. smelled ofC. displayedD. pervaded43. If your child is spending too much time on computer games, think carefully about how you are going to_______ the situation.A. accomplishB. arrangeC. handleD. decrease44. If you drive very fast every day, the ______ are that you’ll have an accident one day.A. probabilitiesB. oddsC. likelihoodsD. misfortunes45. Music, for both of us, is a part of life we treasure, and Michael has found his records and tapes a constant_______ of happiness during the long hours of inactivity forced upon him.A. sourceB. illustrationC. additionD. package46. His knowledge of English is ______ for the job, although he is not fluent in the language.A. properB. effectiveC. adequateD. reliable47. The only way to _______ a fear is to face it, and to do so as frequently as possible.A. commitB. enlargeC. communicateD. conquer48. Our teacher is someone _______ we must show a lot of respect.A. for whomB. in whichC. to whomD. under whom49. He isn’t _______ the habit of saying much when he comes to see us.A. onB. inC. toD. for50. I want to speak to the manager, but the line’s busy and I can’t get _______.A. inB. onC. offD. through51. People who buy sports clothes are often loyal _______ a particular brand.A. toB. withC. overD. by52. I’m afraid I bought the shoes _______ impulse without looking at the price.A. atB. forC. onD. off53. It can be argued, for example, that teaching can be _______ more effectively if teacher and student taketheir appropriate roles.A. disciplinedB. confessedC. accomplishedD. proposed54. You should make sure you know where the parents can be ______, and that they have given you all theinformation you are likely to need about the child.A. connectedB. communicatedC. committedD. contacted55. The “unsinkable”passenger liner Titanic sank on her maiden ______ when she struck an iceberg in theAtlantic.A. tripB. tourC. voyageD. journey56. The result of every accident, however _______, is a rise in the cost of insurance.A. radicalB. rareC. reluctantD. minor57. Jane is very ________ -- if she says she’ll do something she’ll do it.A. relianceB. reliableC. reliantD. relies58. We’ll do our best to help those ________ people after the disaster.A. unfortunateB. fortunateC. misfortuneD. fortune59. This knife of yours needs ________.A. widenB. wideningC. sharpenD. sharpening60. Sometimes it is an advantage to be _______, for example in court.A. emotionallyB. emotionalC. unemotionalD. emotion61. Iron has an important role to play in the ______ working of the human body and is vital to healthy living.A. efficientB. favoriteC. primaryD. current62. The boy _________ turned the TV off as the clock struck ten, time for him to go to bed.A. reluctantlyB. disappointedlyC. fortunatelyD. undoubtedly63. He could see her lips _________ and hoped she would not cry in public again.A. swallowingB. tremblingC. shakingD. stooping64. I started to read newspapers and magazines more, and, for just about the first time in my life, I began totake an interest in ________ affairs.A. personalB. currentC. ancientD. social65. I’d like to ________ that students should be allowed more time for independent study.A. proposeB. commandC. arrangeD. steer66. Although this law does not actually ________ the possession of weapons whose use is illegal, it is clearlymoving in that direction.A. prohibitB. allowC. stopD. promote67. Is there anything in your personal life which would _______ the party if it became public?A. embarrassB. appreciateC. wakenD. involve68. Learning ________ help make the difficult task of studying English easier.A. opportunitiesB. processC. strategiesD. materials69. After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more _______ his friends attempt todissuade him.A. round the cornerB. by no meansC. in spite ofD. in addition to70. Groups of children sometimes can ________ games of their own, or maybe entertain themselves in theirown way if they are free of adult interference.A. solveB. arrangeC. inventD. challenge71. If you _______ all your efforts on the learning of English, you will eventually learn the language well.A. increaseB. concentrateC. prepareD. hold72. The acting prime minister has announced that the best way to ________ this goal is to unite as manysympathetic people as possible.A. accomplishB. steerC. competeD. manage73. The writer would rather live in his native country, and not be allowed to _______, than go elsewhere and befree to do so.A. writeB. escapeC. publishD. retire74. Last year the advertising rate _______ by 20 percent.A. raisedB. arousedC. aroseD. rose75. Though ________ in a big city, Peter always prefers to paint the primitive scenes of country life.A. grownB. raisedC. tendedD. cultivated76. If you have worked hard ________, you won’t have to sit up all night before the exams.A. at the same timeB. at a timeC. every timeD. at other times77. As a fireman, you must be ready to ________ hardships and even suffer death.A. rejectB. endureC. refuseD. select78. The baby’s first step caused great __________ in the family.A. excitementB. excitedC. excitingD. excitedly79. You can’t let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and ______ an understanding of what you have read.A. come up toB. come up withC. stand up toD. put up with80. Although I liked the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful______ through the window.A. visionB. lookC. pictureD. view81. You may never experience an earthquake or a volcanic eruption in your life, but you will______ changes inthe land.A. adaptB. adoptC. witnessD. define82. Tommy took all the apples, so the teacher told him that he was being______.A. greedyB. gratefulC. generousD. gloomy83. Students sometimes support themselves by ______ of evening jobs.A. waysB. effortsC. meansD. methods84. Mr. Smith spent the weekend in the country as he ______ to the office on Saturday.A. was not necessaryB. must not goC. did not have to goD. ought not to have gone85. The ______colors are red, blue and yellow.A. ordinaryB. primaryC. principalD. average86. He made no ______ at winning the prize..A. decisionB. intentionC. attemptD. mention87. There are plastic and wooden chairs but the _____ are more expensive.A. laterB. lateC. latterD. latest88. Once she has set her mind _____ her goal, there is no stopping her.A. to achieveB. to achievingC. achieveD. achieving89. It is true that these herbs can be used to ______ pain.A. relieveB. minusC. reliefD. plus90. The lecture was so _____ that I couldn’t help yawning.A. boredB. boringC. boreD. bores91. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distantmountain is not ______.A. on viewB. at a glanceC. on the sceneD. in sight92. During the summer holiday season there are no ______ rooms in this seaside hotel.A. emptyB. blankC. desertedD. vacant93. With ______ exceptions, the former president does not appear in public now.A. rareB. unusualC. extraordinaryD. unique94. He will have to answer ______ his indecent behaviour one day.A. toB. forC. backD. about95. The opening ceremony is a great ______. It is essential for us to be prepared for that.A. occasionB. placeC. on occasionD. situation96. In those days the Portuguese were trying to reach India by sailing around Africa, but Columbus was ______to prove that India could be reached by sailing west.A. decidedB. determinedC. consideredD. regarded97. Very few plants and animals can _______ heat or cold for a long time.A. sufferB. holdC. acceptD. endure98. I am afraid that the _______ between rich and poor is still widening in our country.A. ditchB. gapC. channelD. distance99. Mom told me to put my dirty clothes in the ________ basket.A. washB. waterC. cleaningD. laundry100. Being a sailor ________ long periods of time away from home.A. involvesB. connectsC. linksD. relatesKeys:1-5. CCDBA 6-10. BABDC 11-15. CBCAA 16-20. ABCDC 21-25. ADDAB 26-30. BBACB 31-35. BCBAD 36-40. BCCDA 41-45. DBCBA 46-50. CDCBD 51-55. ACCDC 56-60. DBADC 61-65. AABBA 66-70. AACCC 71-75. BAADB 76-80. DBABD 81-85. CACCB 86-90. CCBAB 91-95. DDABA 96-100. BDBDA。

一、选择题1．Which of the following ending has the same pronunciation “started”?A．hoped B．needed C．raised D．passed B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：以下哪个单词结尾的发音与“ started”相同？考查单词的读音。

A. hoped希望；B. needed需要；C. raised提出；D. passed通过。

过去式started动词词尾为“t”，因此ed发/ id /音，hoped和passed动词词尾为清辅音，因此ed发/ t /音，needed动词词尾为“d”，因此ed发/ id /音，与started相同，raised动词词尾为t，d以外之浊辅音，因此ed发/ d /音，故选B。

【点睛】过去式“-ed”的发音规则：（1）动词词尾为“t，d”时，发/ id /音：want →wanted（要）；need →needed （需要）。

（2）动词词尾为清辅音时，发/ t / 音：help →helped （帮助）；laugh →laughed （笑）；lo ok →looked （看）；kiss →kissed （吻）；wash →washed （洗）；watch →watched （注视）。

（3）动词词尾为t，d以外之浊辅音或元音时，发/ d /音：call →called （叫）；stay→stayed （停留）；cry→cried （哭）。

2．I put my keys in my_____/bæg/.A．big B．box C．bag D．boy C解析：C【解析】【详解】句意：我把钥匙放在我的包里了。

考查语音。

A.big/ bɪg /大的；B. box/bɔks/盒子；C.bag/bæg/包；D.boy/ bɔɪ /男孩；根据语境我把钥匙放在我的包里了，再根据音标提示可知答案是bag，故答案选C。

一、选择题1．Which of the underlined part pronounces differently?A．idle B．idea C．idiom D．identify C解析：C【解析】【详解】句意：哪一项划线部分发音不同？考查元音字母发音。

i dle [ˈaɪdl]懈怠的，懒惰的；形容词。

idea [aɪˈdɪə]想法，主意;名词。

i diom [ˈɪdiəm]习语，成语；名词。

identify [aɪˈdentɪfaɪ]确认，认出，动词。

idiom发音与其他三项不同。

故选C。

2．Could you help clean up the classroom? It's /'dɜ: ti/.A．date B．dirty C．doubt D．duty B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：你能帮忙打扫教室吗？太脏了。

考查语音。

A. date/deɪt/日期；B. dirty/' dɜ:ti /脏的；C. doubt /daʊt/怀疑；D. duty/ ˈdju:ti/职责。

根据语境你能帮忙打扫教室吗？太脏了。

脏的dirty，形容词，在句中作表语，故答案选B。

3．If I had one million dollars, I’d give it away to ______________/′medikəl/ research. A．medicine B．medical C．magazine D．metal B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：如果我们有一百万美元，我将它捐献给医学的研究。

考查语音辨析的用法。

medicine['meds(ə)n; 'medɪsɪn]医学；medical['medɪk(ə)l]医学的；magazine[mægə'ziːn]杂志；metal['met(ə)l]金属。

结合句意，选择医学的形容词形式。

人教版九年级上册词汇专项复习题（含答案）一、用所给词的适当形式填空1. She has a poor ___________ (pronounce) and she doesn't know howto improve it.2. Every student should know how to use the Internet ________ (wise).3. My pet dog has been ________ (die) for five months.4. The bird ________ (spread) its wings and flew away.5. After class，children went out of their classroom to enjoy the________ (warm) of the sun.6. We have some good ________ (suggest) for you.7. Nobody likes that ________ (polite) young man.8. A house with a big swimming pool is ________ (exactly) what I want.9. He is popular among his friends because he is a ________ (humor) person.10. They went into the hall in ________ (silent).11. It is a ________ (Europe) country and it is famous for its beautiful cities.12. Here is a letter of ________ (introduce).13. Glass didn't become ________ (wide) used until the 13th century.14. The ________ (leaf) turn green in spring.15. That king was one of the ________ (rule) in ancient history.16. David ________ (ring) up while you were out.(2023·舟山)17. The local government pays much attention to children's ________ (educate) now.18. There's going to be a ________ (nation) holiday next week.19. I didn't sleep well last night，so I felt ________ (sleep) this morning.20. I am not satisfied with the service here. I want to speak to the ________ (manage).21. I don't have any other ________ (choose). I have to do it myself.22. She fell off the stairs and hurt her legs. She needed ________ (medicine) help.23. Xiaogang's father is a famous Chinese ________ (direct).24. My arms were so ________ (pain) that my parents had to take me to the nearest hospital.25. It's time ________ (perform) your show now.Don't be nervous.二、选词汇并用其适当形式填空A)1. The man ________ some watches from that shop last night and soon he was caught by the police.2. Don't ________，or you may have an accident.3. My mother ________ out some fruit and dessert on the table last night to celebrate the Spring Festival.4. Stand right here and you can feel the ________ from the sun.5. Their son won first prize in the contest and they were ________ of him. B)6. Children regard the policemen as great ________.7. Wearing masks can ________ people from catching a cold.8. We couldn't help crying while we were seeing the ________ film.9. You have the ________ to do this job well. We all trust you.10. Students shouldn't be ________ to hang out on weekdays.C)stick to，run after，look up，end up，by mistake11. Every time we practiced speaking English，we __________ speaking Chinese.12. My father took my keys instead of his ____________ this morning.13. Look! Your mom ____________ the cat angrily.What happened14. If you ____________ the truth，you'll have nothing to fear.15. Can I use your dictionary to ____________ a word？Mine is at home.三、根据句意及汉语提示填单词1. Please help me ________ (连接) the computer to the Internet；I don't know how to do it.2. It is a ________ (秘密) between you and me. Don't let others know it.3. These cartoon characters were ________ (创造) by the famous artist.4. We all ________ (仰慕) him for his bravery.5. The old man often ________ (告诫) the young children not to play soccer on the street.6. My father enjoys collecting old coins and ________ (邮票).7. I wanted to write to him，but I forgot his ________ (地址).8. She lives near a supermarket，so it's ________ (方便的) for her to go shopping.9. Volunteers from different ________ (背景) feel like part of one big family.10. It's very ________ (有帮助的) to discuss your problem with your parents.11. I ________ (很少) watch movies on my smartphone because it's bad for my eyes.12. The players in the Chinese men's soccer team are paying more attention to their ________ (日常的) training.13. There is an ________ (国际的) kite festival in Weifang every year.14. They planted many trees to ________ (避免) the soil being washed away.15. Students must ________ (完成) their courses at school.16. These are two different ________ (形式) of the same thing.17. Every time I ________ (提到) their teacher，the students are very proud.18. Can you help me ________ (翻译) this English poem into Chinese19. Jim got his driver's ________ (执照) last month.20. To be honest，I ________ (懊悔) arguing with my mother.21. We should always keep an eye on school ________ (安全).22. There isn't ________ (任何人) in the room. Everyone is in the garden.23. Helping others is the most ________ (有价值的) thing in the world.24. My daughter ________ (更喜欢) drawing to singing.25. They want to know more about ________ (澳大利亚的) history.四、根据句意及首字母提示填单词1. Reading English words a________ is a good way to remember them.2. Don't pay too much a________ to unimportant things.3. I want to find a p________ to practice English with.4. Some people say k________ comes from questioning；I think it's true.5. The children stood at the door and shouted “Trick or t________”.6. You can l________ down and have a rest if you are tired.7. This famous writer's new n________ will come out next month.8. The poor girl has no parents and her aunt is the nearest r________ to her.9. The g________ is full of beautiful flowers in spring.10. Do you know the s________ who is giving a speech over there11. Nancy wants to use the b________，but her sister is taking a shower in it.12. Please help me mail the p________ to my friend when you pass by the post office.13. He was badly ill，so he was a________ from the meeting.14. Don't let other things i________ your decisions. You should know what you really want.15. Paris is the capital of F________.16. The water s________ is just like a mirror.17. We Chinese usually use c________ to eat，but people in the West don't.18. Our teacher d________ us into six groups to play an interesting game last week.19. The car accident happened all of a s________.20. There are few eggs in our f________；we need to buy some more.21. The singer showed her m________ talent when she was very young.22. You aren't a child any more. It's time for you to make your own d________.23. Tom e________ the room quietly from the back door because he wasa little late.24. In the old s________，farmers lived a hard life.25. Mr.Wang didn't a________ the meeting；he had gone to Shanghai.26. They stood in a c________ and played games happily.27. Several days ago，I r________ many gifts for my birthday.28. Our teacher always p________ us whenever we help others.29. It is a p________ that the weather is so bad today. We can't go to a picnic.30. Teenagers are always lively and full of e________.五、单项选择1. Sally is ________ in class now，but she used to be a very shy girl.A. honestB. silentC. quietD. active2. —I'm sorry I don't catch what you said just now.—Don't worry. I'll ________ it.A. rewriteB. repeatC. reportD. realize3. Our teacher is very _______. If we have difficulty in understanding，she will explain again and again.A. patientB. proudC. strictD. famous4. She's ________ weight after the Spring Festival.A. put onB. put upC. put awayD. put down5. —I don't have time to go shopping with you this afternoon.—But you ________ me yesterday.A. orderedB. mentionedC. promisedD. knew6. When I ________ the house，I saw two men sitting on the sofa and talking.A. looked forB. looked afterC. passed byD. looked out7. Every room in the hotel has a(an) ________ bathroom.A. privateB. totalC. simpleD. alone8. I ________ my mother to buy a new computer for me，but she didn't say anything.A. wantedB. requestedC. expectedD. needed9. These photos can ________ us of the hard days in the past.A. remindB. rememberC. returnD. reduce10. Please visit our ________ www. for more information.A. companyB. storeC. officeD. website11. When you hold your pencil in the ________ way，writing is much easier.A. politeB. quickC. popularD. correct12. My mother often encourages me ________ new friends.A. makesB. makeC. to makeD. making13. You'd better learn to ________ different kinds of problems by yourself.A. give upB. make upC. play withD. deal with14. We advise parents ________ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.A. leavingB. not to leaveC. leaveD. to leave15. —More and more people come to visit Mount Huangshan.—That's true. It has become the ________ of Anhui.A. prideB. effortC. praiseD. courage16. Everyone in a car must wear the seat belt in the new ________ law.A. educationB. foodC. traffic17. The factory is the best one in this area，so its ________ arewelcomed by most people.A. productsB. resultsC. fameD. stores18. Some teenagers ________ the movie stars and dream of being like them.A. look upB. look up toC. look forwardD. look on19. Hobbies won't get ________ the way of study if you plan the time well.A. forB. inC. withD. at20. If you want to keep healthy，you should ________ junk food.A. keep in touch withB. catch up withC. fall in love withD. keep away from21. —________ model plane is this—I think it's Jim's. Look，his name is on it.A. WhoB. WhoseC. WhichD. What22. Please ______ the window，Tom. There's going to be a strong wind this afternoon.A. openB. shutC. turn onD. turn off23. We ________ to get to the airport on time although it rained heavily.A. managedB. wantedC. wonderedD. supposed24. I didn't like the trip at all because the weather was ________.A. fineB. awfulC. coolD. wonderful25. My friends are always there to ________ me whenever I am in need.A. supportB. callC. waitD. hug答案：一、1. pronunciation 2. wisely 3. dead 4. spread 5. warmth6. suggestions7. impolite8. exactly9. humorous10. silence 11. European12. introduction 13. widely14. leaves15. rulers 16. rang17. education 18. national19. sleepy20. manager21. choices 22. medical 23. director24. painful25.to perform二、A)1. stole 2. rush 3. laid 4. heat 5. proudB) 6. heroes7. prevent8. moving9. ability10. allowedC) 11. ended up12. by mistake13. is running after14. stick to15. look up三、1. connect 2. secret 3. created 4. admire 5. warns6. stamps7. address8. convenient9. backgrounds10. helpful11. seldom12. daily13. international14. avoid plete16. forms17. mention18. (to) translate19. license20. regret21. safety22. anybody/anyone23. valuable24. prefers25. Australian四、1. aloud 2. attention 3. partner 4. knowledge 5. treat6. lie7. novel8. relative9. garden10. speaker11. bathroom12. postcard13. absent14. influence 15. France16. surface17. chopsticks18. divided 19. sudden20. fridge 21. musical22. decision23. entered 24. society25. attend26. circle27. received28. praises 29. pity30. energy五、1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. C7. A8. B9. A10. D11. D12. C13. D14. B15. A16. C17. A18. B 19. B20. D 21. B22. B23. A24. B25. A第11页共11页。

词汇专项复习卷一时间: 60分钟 满分: 100分考点一：名词一、【词义、类别】读一读，将下列单词填入相应的类别中。

(8分)二、【可数名词的复数】写出下列单词的复数形式。

(10分)1. book_________2.chair_________3.horse_______4. photo_________5. toy___________6.bus__________7.box________8.potato_________9. sandwich______ 10.brush________ 11. baby______ 12.country______13. knife_________ 14.leaf_________ 15.man_______ 16.child________17. foot__________ 18.tooth________ 19.sheep______ 20. deer________三、【可数名词和不可数名词】根据提示给下列单词分类。

(12分)可数名词：________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 不可数名词：_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、【名词所有格】写出下列词的所有格形式。

(9分)1. Mike___________2.Miss Smith___________3. Amy and Sarah___________4. mother__________5.doctor_______________6.girls___________________7. teachers_________ 8.children______________ 9.women_______________五、【名词的应用1】读一读，圈出正确的一项。

【高考核心词汇考前冲刺】专题名词单句语法填空100题高考英语词汇查漏补缺冲刺训练（含解析）一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．Students who graduate with working experience will be given ________(prefer) over those who never work in any companies.2．I wonder if parents should always tell the _________ (true) no matter the consequences.3．Tom’s little sister is a girl of great________________(curious). She takes an interest in everything.4．The _________ (research) examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.5．Although popular _______ (believe) regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.6．They simply insist on mutual ___________ (recognize) and regard.7．He is expected to give us a lively __________ (describe) of the football match that was broadcast live last night.8．Social networking has been in ________ (exist) for at least 150 years, and probably longer than that. 9．Mother reserved her _______________ (complain) about my messy room until my friend left.10．He is a ________(represent) from that company.11．Although most people can’t smell ozone (臭氧) under natural conditions, its smell may grow more unpleasant and even cause _______________(comfort) as its amount in the atmosphere increases. 12．We’d love to give full ________________(cover) to all parties and candidates.13．Public praise can be a supplementary means of ________(motivate), since public recognition brings people a sense of satisfaction.14．He showed his_______________(satisfy) by nodding his head.15．The_______________(perform) they put on proved to be successful.16．To our_______________(relieve), he recovered his health and went back to work.17．The speaker is considered to be good at dealing with foreign _______________(affair).18．The value and importance of social________ (stable) cannot be ignored.19．More specific and less subjective________ (criterion) should be used in selecting people for promotion within the company.20．For the past two years, Gordon’s students __________(study) ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a _________(solve).21．You have a ________ (tend) to avoid argument.22．She bears a striking ________ (similar) to her mother.23．I’d like to bring up my child in healthy _________(surround).24．Since their ________ (separate) two years ago, Ms. Brownell and Mr. Sibley have worked together. 25．Failure is the mother of ____________ (succeed).26．Both Scotland and Northern Ireland had made last-minute __________(substitute).27．The obvious _________ (solve) to this problem is simple: just don’t drink.28．I can’t make __________ (sensitive) of the painting.29．The boy was punished in the ________(present) of all his classmates.30．The old building is in a good state of _________(preserve) except for the wooden floors.31．When her father died, she came into ________(possess) of a large fortune.32．If you want to know its exact meaning，you can look it up in your ________ (refer) book.33．The ________ (ruin) of ancient Rome were dug out.34．First prize is three days of ________ (relax) in a top health spa.35．I c an’t meet your ________(require).36．The ________(reject) of the peace plan raises the threat of a more general war.37．Give my ________ (respect) to your parents.38．The place has changed beyond ________(recognize).39．The book made a deep ________(impress) on him.40．All the ________(indicate) are that we are going to receive reasonable support from abroad.41．Without _________(hesitate), Meng Xiangbin jumped into the river to save the drowning young woman.42．Some countries understand the ________ (urge).43．When does this new law come into ________ (operate)?44．This is a common ________(occur).45．He has been making an exact ________(observe) of the phenomenon.46．They have only recently won an _________ (elect) under his leadership.47．He left the room abruptly without _________(explain).48．The __________(expand) of the factory will mean the employment of sixty extra workers.49.Poems focusing on nature often stress the moment of__________(inspire).50．You are lucky to escape ___________________(punish).51．Have they made up their ________ (mind) what to do yet?52．And then, to make ________ (matter) worse, his parents turned up.53．With the _________ (develop) of agriculture and industry, we are living a better life.54．The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their________（evaluate）of the service. 55．We want more _____(participate) in the decision making.56．Students have to learn to strike a balance between study and _____________ (entertain). 57．The plane crashed in an area of dense jungle. There were no ________ (survive).58．Some of these________(immigrate) were injured when they were sent to the England last month.59．Not knowing how to operate the computer is one of the __________ (advantage) in seeking jobs.60．Our task was to help the ________ (victim) of the earthquake, and we did the task voluntarily. 61．This plan of Apple Inc. is targeting __________ (consume) of that country with the new notebook.62．Some city ________ (plan) have said that bike－sharing is too expensive so we should focus on things like cheaper buses.63．He never talks about ________ (specific)about his job.64．Neal kept interrupting, breaking my ________(concentrate).65．________ (congratulate) on your happy marriage!66．He was waiting with______________ (anxious).67．I collected my ________ (belong) and left.68．Notably, global legal systems fall into categories that share ________ (similar), and two main categories are civil law and common law.69．To play better, all the players have to know their ________ (strong) and weaknesses.70．The Harry Potter books enjoy great ________ (popular). They are in great demand in this city.71．A person of high ideals is highly respected. What people value is not based on outside ________ (appear). 72．He gave himself a new name to hide his ________ (identify) when he went to carry out the secret task.73．Some schools will have to make ________ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer team. 74．Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without____________(in terrupt).75．One of my childhood________(occupy)was collecting stamps.76．The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ________ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.77．After ____________(graduate) from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. 78．After long _____(reflect) we decided to buy that house.79．These charities depend on the sympathetic feelings and ______ (generous) of the general public.80．Whoever will take charge of the ________ (distribute) of food and clothing is ready to help volunteers distribute them to those in need.81．Tom has adapted to his new ________(surround).82．A war ________(injure) has made his left hand stop functioning.83．It is of great ________(significant) to create a good image of universities.84．The________（major）of people prefer to pay by the Wechat Pay, especially the youth.85．The writing project isn’t easy, but her readers have followed her on a journ ey to self- acceptance and __________ (confident).86．The railway line has a________ (long) of 174 km as a double-track passage line, with ten stations along its route.87．“We hope to add more ________ ( happy ) to the great event, meanwhile, viewers can learn about traditional Chinese culture, ” said Zheng Feihu, director of the video.88．For the past five years the man has been employed as a shop________ (assist).89．It didn't take much ________ (persuade) to get her to tell us where he was.90．Sustainable tourism is of vital importance. When at the hotel, we can reduce our impact by cutting back on water _________ (consume) and not having our bedding and towels washed every day.91．We are trying to work out a solution to the problem of water ______________ (short).92．The ______________ (absent) of rain caused the plants to dry up. (所给词的适当形式填空)93．With these ________(discover)，some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.94．In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ________（marry）ceremony in 1842.95．As you wander around the fantasy ________(amuse) park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or even on the street.96．If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a ________(warn) to your phone. 97．In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.98．The drunken man in worm-out clothes made a gesture in _____(defend).99．Do you belong to any professional or trade ________ (associate)?100．It is reported that three ______________ (Canada) have been put into prison.参考答案：1．preference【详解】考查名词。

高一英语词汇综合复习单选题40题1. I'm so tired that I can't ______ on my study.A. concentrateB. fixC. payD. absorb答案解析：A。

本题考查词汇搭配。

concentrate on是固定搭配，意为“集中精力于”。

选项B“fix”通常与“fix one's attention on”搭配，但这里少了“one's attention”，用法不对。

选项C“pay”与“pay attention to”搭配，而不是“pay on”。

选项D“absorb”虽然有“吸收、使全神贯注”的意思，但常用搭配是“be absorbed in”，所以A正确。

2. The accident ______ his carelessness.A. resulted fromB. led toC. because ofD. due to答案解析：A。

本题考查短语辨析。

result from表示“由……引起，起因于”，事故是由他的粗心引起的，所以A正确。

选项B“led to”表示“导致”，因果关系与本题不符。

选项C“because of”是介词短语，不能作谓语。

选项D“due to”也是介词短语，不能作谓语。

3. She has a very good ______ of direction.A. senseB. feelingC. viewD. idea答案解析：A。

本题考查词汇的词义辨析。

a sense of direction是固定搭配，意为“方向感”。

选项B“feeling”主要指情感、感觉。

选项C“view”主要指观点、景色。

选项D“idea”主要指想法、主意，所以A 正确。

4. The two countries are trying to ______ their differences through talks.A. solveB. settleC. dealD. do答案解析：B。

一、选择题1．Which one is the correct phonetic symbol of the word “boring”?A．[ˈbʌrɪŋ]B．[ˈbɔ: rɪn] C．[ˈbɔ: rɪŋ]D．[ˈbʌrɪn]C解析：C【解析】【详解】句意：哪一项是“boring”一词的正确音标符号？考查辅音字母组合的发音。

根据英语发音规律可知，字母组合ng通常发[ɪŋ]音，所以[ˈbɔ: rɪŋ]正确。

故选C。

2．I put my keys in my_____/bæg/.A．big B．box C．bag D．boy C解析：C【解析】【详解】句意：我把钥匙放在我的包里了。

考查语音。

A.big/ bɪg /大的；B. box/bɔks/盒子；C.bag/bæg/包；D.boy/ bɔɪ /男孩；根据语境我把钥匙放在我的包里了，再根据音标提示可知答案是bag，故答案选C。

3．与“Gg”含有相同读音的字母的是________。

A．Jj B．Tt C．Kk D．Hh B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查字母发音。

Jj /dʒeɪ/；Tt /ti:/；Kk /kei/；Hh /eit∫/；Gg /dʒi:/；根据所给的字母Gg的发音和四个选项的发音来看，只有字母Tt的发音和Gg的发音都含有长元音/i:/，而其他字母中没有，故选B。

4．根据朗读基本知识要求，以下哪个句子应该在句末读升调？A．When do you get up every day?B．Which subject do you like better, English or Chinese?C．Can I try it again?D．Here you are.C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】When do you get up every day?你每天什么时候起床？这是特殊疑问句，英语中特殊疑问句用降调读；Which subject do you like better, English or Chinese?英语和语文你更喜欢哪个科目？英语中特殊疑问句用降调读；Can I try it again?我能再试一次吗？一般疑问句，英语中一般疑问句用升调读；Here you are.给你；陈述句一般用降调读；综合之后可以看出，应该选择C选项比较合适，故选C。

词汇学习课程复习题Exercise 1：找出一个与斜体词意义最相近的单词1. a great faculty for musicA. memberB. capabilityC. audienceD. knowledge2. clear evidenceA. proofB. knowledgeC. situationD. agency3. a bulk of freightA. weightB. surpriseC. failureD. cargo4. a handy little boxA. relativeB. heavyC. convenientD. cheap5. a horrible accidentA. dangerousB. ghastlyC. soreD. big6. the majesty of mountainsA. grandeurB. facultyC. monumentD. honor7. the peak of a mountainA. footB. summitC. heightD. horn8. rude remarksA. loudB. impoliteC. directD. candid9. to sprinkle water on the roadA. scatterB. drawC. drinkD. gather10. large sum of moneyA. spendingB. peakC. amountD. resort解答：1. B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.C Exercise 2：找出一个与题前中文意思相同的单词1. 撒A. pourB. haltC. scornD. sprinkle2. 枯萎A. rubB. utterC. witherD. resort3.贸易A. commerceB. industryC. financeD. freight4. 诅咒A. releaseB. curseC. blameD. pray5. 传教A. utterB. mentionC. preachD. affect解答：1. D 2. C 3. A 4.B 5.BExercise 3：找出一个与斜体词意义相反的单词1. vanishA. disappearB. spreadC. appearD. attend2. generousA. liberalB. meanC. specialD. common3. industriousA. handyB. diligentC. lazyD. agricultural4. releaseA. holdB. workC. withdrawD. draw5. rudeA. frankB. lowC. peakD. polite6. scornA. contemptB. wetC. cooperationD. respect7. shallowA. delightfulB. shadeC. deepD. delicious8. soulA. straightB. bodyC. haulD. grand9. absoluteA. relativeB. presentC. intimateD. diligent10.delightA. pleasureB. sorrowC. horrorD. scorn解答：1. C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 6. D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.BExercise 4：完整拼出下列各句中所欠缺的单词，每一格代表一个字母1. It is r e to say you don’t like hot food, when she spend so long preparing it2. He seemed to s n woman, and never married.3. He became very t e when he gets drunk.4. His a e toward school changed from dislike to great enthusiasm.5. He is a member of the college f y.解答：1. rude 2.scorn 3.talkative 4.attitude 5.facultyExercise 5：将题前的斜体词转换为适当词性，填入空格中1. horrible The little girl has a of snakes and spiders.2. intimate The with which the two friends talked showed how fond they were of each other.3. confuse If you write more clearly, you will prevent the of your readers.4. utter His crazy disappointed everyone around him.5. proof In order to the servant’s honesty, she left a bag containing money on the table.解答：1. horror 2.intimate 3.confusion 4.utterance 5.proveExercise 6：找出一个与其他三个不相关的词1. A.wet B. curious C. moist D. Damp2. A. sum B. wage C. salary D. pay3. A. require B. demand C. claim D. desire4. A. sketch B. bulk C. outline D. plan5. A. dishonor B. shame C. shade D. humiliation6. A. firm . hard C. solid D. damp7. A. notorious B. infamous C. horrible D. disreputable8. A. rage B. fury C. anger D. scorn9. A. common B. unusual C. numerous D. frequent10. A. evident B. absolute C. clear D. obvious解答：1. B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.BExercise 7：选出最适合句意的一个单词1. We need a great or coal for this coming winter.A. empireB. pitC. bubbleD. bulk2. To his great he passed the examination easily.A. delightB. despairC. facultyD. convenience3. There was not enough to prove him guilty for crime.A. facultyB. evidenceC. conflictD. police4. Though he didn’t have much money to give, he was very with his money.A. curiousB. magnificentC. generousD. neutral5. They built a in memory of Abraham Lincoln..A. monumentB. cemeteryC. freightD. Majesty6.He has _______ much time and energy for his invention.A.containedB.proceededC.consumedD.paid7.A good teacher always tries to _______ students to ask question.A.encourageB.obeyC.recallD.spread8.If you want to see the chairman of the department, you’d better make an _______ with his secretary first.A.admissionB.agreementC.appointmentD.alphabet9.They say the new film is a(n) _______ picture so they won’t go to see it.A. internalB.oddC.interestingD.dull10.The judge _______ the murderer to twenty years in prison.A.requiredB.orderedC.indicatedD.sentenced11.This university has _______ a great deal since our last visit.A.appearedB.alteredC.approachedD.admired12.She is narrow minded and always _______ what other people have.A. jealousB.owesC.missesD.envies13.When he woke up from his dream, the frightened boy tried to _______ his mother’s ar m.A.grapeB.greyC.gripD.grave14.Mary has never been _______ a ship.A.abroadB.aboardC.aboveD.absorb15.The modern camera lens may be coated with more than ten _______ for each piece of its glass.A. levelsB.storiesyersD.formations16.The thief was _______ by the police at the railway station.A.carpetB.minedC.capturedD.mounted17.In fact, there is no _______ liberty in any country.A.adequateB.absoluteC.privateD.practical18.There is too much noise outside. I can not _______my attention on my work.A.connectB.flatC.fillD.concentrate19.While studying at U.C.L.A.,Mr.Wang _______ his old friend, whom he has not seen for nearly twenty years.A.encounteredB.whisperedC.swungD.maid20.The _______ production of engines in our factory has doubled this year.A.manualB.annualC.amountD.alike21.The Foreign Minister made an excellent _______ on the current international situation.mitteemandmentmission22.They _______ cattle mainly for the international market.A.carpenterB.districtC.oxD.breed23.He went to the dance last night but couldn’t find a _______ because of his strange clothes.A.pondB.saddleC.partnerD.salad24.Her father will never _______ of her going to study in the United States alone.A.proveB.agreeC.admitD.approve25.I wish I could _______ you somehow for your kindness.A.strawB.issueC.rewardD.own26.Our teacher was _______ by the funny story.A.nakedB.yieldedC.amusedD.expanded27.The young people made a new _______ to the governorA.proposalB.submergeC.tendencyD.thread28.In the film we saw last night, the hero _______ his wife to death with his sword.A.throatB.thrustC.trustD.thread29.If there is no other way to save a _______ person in a tall building on fire, fire fighters may spread a net into which the person can jump.A.voltB.wrappedC.trappedD.deserted30.Since 1978, many new _______ have been developed in our university to meet the increasing demands of the students.A.disciplinesB.entrancesC.checksD.flames31.How can we finish the work in the _______ of any other helpers?A.eraB.hasteC.spareD.absence32.The wounded soldiers’ blood _______ the ground red at the front.A.diedB.dumpedC.drawedD.dyed33.There are two governments in this country. But neither of them is regarded as the _______ one by the other.A.panelB.legalC.purpleD.republic34.The question then ________: What are we going to do when we graduate from the university?A.raisesB.arousesC.arisesD.rises35.The _______ between the two playing periods of a football game is only a few minutes.A. internalB.reserveC.intervalD.radium36.What we need to learn is how to put theory into _______ when we begin our fieldwork here.A.appearanceB.applicationC.accomplishD.achievement37.It is a _______ truth that man is the only animal that has the power to speak and reason.A.worthyB.virtualC.universalD.indefinite38.His speech _______ the young people to continue their study.A.glancedB.delayedC.inspiredD.created39.The ground around here is mostly _______ and not very good for farming.A.boardB.clayC.kidD.wax40.Some people say that education is the best _______ for children.A. InvestigationanizationC.investmentD.origin41.She likes the _______ flower instead of the natural one.A. articleB.adventureC.ancientD.artificial42.This highway runs _______ to the railway.A. identicalB.suitableC.parallelD.distribution43.The rent for this house is $ 250. But you need also pay $50 first as the _______.A.depositB.councilC.desiredD.submitted44.The rebuilding plan was _______ to the committee.A.tapedB.admittedC.desiredD.submitted45.Jack London worked very hard and finally he _______ success.A.madeB.foundC.soughtD.achieved46.It’s just _______ bite. There is nothing to worry about.A.a vesselB.a templeC.an insectD.an arbitrary47.Jack is _______ of stealing the books from the library.A.accusedB.witnessedC.strainedD.found48.Metals expand when they are heated and _______ when cooled.A. indicateB.eliminateC.conquerD.contract49.In order to _______ a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.A.requireB.inquireC.acquireD.address50.He checked carefully to _______ the possible errors in his design.A.eliminateB.exceedC.enlargeD.vibrate解答：1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.D 19.A 20.B 21.C 22.D 23.C 24.D 25.C 26.C 27.A 28.B 29.C 30.A 31.D 32.D 33.B 34.C 35.C 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.B 40.C 41.D 42.C 43.A 44.D 45.D 46.C47.A 48.D 49.C 50.AExercise 8：英译汉1.I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world.2.She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates.3.We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?4.I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out.5.The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me.6.Much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on.7.Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed.8.It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture.9.If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts.10.You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever.11.We had just released our finest creation.12.But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out.13.What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.14.I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me.15.I tried to apologize for screwing up so badly.16.Something slowly began to dawn on me.17.It turned out that getting fired was the best thing that could have ever happened to me.18.The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again.19.Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith.20.If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle.21.If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right.22.Almost everything —all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.23.Don't be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people's thinking.24.Death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it.25.Stay hungry. Stay foolish.Exercise 9：汉译英1.很荣幸和大家一起参加毕业典礼。

2023初中英语英语词汇拓展复习题集附答案2023初中英语英语词汇拓展复习题集附答案Part I: 词汇拓展（20分）1. 单词拼写（10分）根据句意和首字母填空。

1) The teacher wrote the w_______ on the board and asked the students to copy it.2) The c_______ of this book is very interesting, and I couldn't put it down.3) My brother is always h_______ in his studies, and he always gets excellent grades.4) She is a very f_______ girl and always helps others when they are in need.5) The airport is quite c_______ to the city, so it only takes us around 10 minutes to get there.答案：1) word2) content3) hardworking4) friendly2. 选择填空（10分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。

1) The weather is really h_______ these days, so don't forget to wear warm clothes.A) hotB) humidC) coldD) windy2) Mary has a p_______ for playing the piano, and she has won many awards in various competitions.A) skillB) talentC) hobbyD) interest3) The old lady was full of g_______ as she saw her long-lost son standing in front of her.A) gravityB) gratitudeC) generosity4) My parents went to the supermarket to b_______ some groceries for the weekend.A) browseB) borrowC) buyD) bring5) Can you p_______ me up from the train station? I have a lot of luggage with me.A) pickB) hangC) setD) set6) The soup smells t_______, but it tastes a bit salty.A) terribleB) tastyC) tiredD) thoughtful7) The famous actor is known for his e_______ performances on stage and in movies.B) emotionalC) excellentD) enthusiastic8) I have a strong d_______ to visit Paris someday and see the Eiffel Tower.A) dreamB) desireC) doubtD) decision9) The company invested a huge a_______ of money in the new project, hoping for great returns in the future.A) amountB) effortC) sumD) investment10) The movie was s_______ a great success that it received numerous awards at film festivals around the world.A) suchB) soD) too答案：1) B2) B3) B4) C5) A6) B7) C8) B9) C10) DPart II: 同义词辨析（20分）1. 从选项中选择一个与句中划线部分意思相同或相近的词语。

⼤学英语词汇学期末考试-重点复习资料整理-权威版-后附试题2012词汇学复习资料The development of the English Vocabulary1.Indo-European Language FamilyThe Indo-European Language Family is considered as one of the most important language families. It includes most languages of Europe, the Near East, and India. Those languages, which are believed to have originated from this language family and developed alone different lines, show various degrees of similarity to one another. They fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into an Eastern Set东部诸语族: Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语, Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语族, Armenian 亚美尼亚语族and Albanian阿尔巴尼亚语族; a Western Set: 西部诸语族Celtic凯尔特语族, Italic 意⼤利语族, Hellenic 希腊语族, Germanic⽇尔曼语族. All the languages in both sets shed some influence on English to a greater or lesser extent because each has lent words into the English vocabulary.Prussian普鲁⼠语Lithuanian⽴陶宛语Polish波兰语Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语Czech捷克斯洛伐克语Bulgarian保加利亚语Slovenian斯洛⽂尼亚语RussianAlbanian阿尔巴尼亚Persian波斯语Hindi北印度语Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系Bengali孟加拉语Romany，吉⼘赛语Armenian亚美尼亚语PortugueseSpanishItalic意⼤利语族ItalianRoumanian罗马尼亚语FrenchIndo-EuropeanLanguage FamilyIrishCeltic凯尔特语BretonScottishNorwegian挪威语Icelandic，冰岛语Danish丹麦语Germanic Swedish瑞典语⽇尔曼语⾔EnglishDutchFlemishGermanHellenic，古希腊语- GreekChapter 1A General Survey of A WordThe Definition of WordA word is(1) A minimal free form of a language;(2) a sound unity;(3) a unity of meaning;(4) a form that can function alone in a sentence.A word is a minimal free form that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.A word is a smallest unit of a language.1. The development of English vocabularyThe history of English language can be divided into 3 periods:a/ Old English period (449—1100)The former inhabitants, the Celtic, the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons and Jutes Anglo-Saxon as Old English, Old English contains 50-60 thousand words, which consists of the basic word stock.b/ Middle English period (1100-1500)characterized by the strong influence of French following the Norman Conquest in 1066.The French loan words were found in law and governmental administration (judge, justice)c/ Modern English period (1500--)the early stage of this period ( including the years between 1500-1700), the Renaissance brought great changes to the vocabulary. borrowing from Latin, Latin were now mostly connected with science and abstract ideas. Greek borrowings were mostly literary, technical and scientific words2.Classification of English Words According to Different CriteriaA. By Origin: native words and loan (borrowed ) wordsIn English language, most native words in Modern English are monosyllabic. They form the great majority of the basic word stock of English language.The fundamental features of the basic word stock are:1. National character;2. Stability;3. Word-forming ability;4. Ability to form collocationsSince the great majority of the basic word stock are native words, they are naturally the ones used most frequently in everyday speech and writing.B. By level of usage1. Common words ( P11 words connected with ordinary things or activities necessary to everyday life: “The repeated telephone calls only annoyed me but made my sister very angry.”)2. Literary words (P12 words are chiefly used in writing, formal speeches, e.g. Feeling fatigued, Tom retired early.): a. Archaic words; b. Poetical words See P133. Colloquial words: Words used mainly in spoken English, in conversation among friends and colleagues,e.g. “John was fired for petty thieving”4. Slang wordsC. By notion: function words and content ( P 17)function words are short words such as determiners, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliaries, and so on, they serve grammatical meaningContent words have lexical meaning, such as nouns, main verbs, adj and adv.e.g. The passerby was hit by the truck. Chapter 2Word-Structure and Word-Formation(1)1. The definition of morpheme1.1 What is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language?- morphemeWhat are words composed of? - Words are formed by morphemes. A word is the smallest unit that stands alone to communicate meaning.1.2 What are the Chinese equivalents of morpheme? 语素词素-形位2.1 Morphemes may be classified into free and bound.Free morphemes,also called content morphemes, may constitute words by themselves. These morphemes have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. So we may say that free morphemes are free roots.Bound morphemes = Bound root + affixes, known as grammatical morphemes, must appear with at least one other morpheme, either free or bound. Bound morphemes are chiefly found in derived words, e.g. recollection, idealistic, ex-prisoner2.2 Morphemes may also be classified into roots (or root morphemes) and affixes (or affixational morphemes).Task:(1) Read the following words and find the root in each word.heart, hearten, dishearten, heartless, hearty, heartiness,sweetheart, heartbroken, kind-hearted, whole-heartedly.(2) What is your definition of root?A root is the part of the word-form which remains when all the affixes have been removed.(3) Is a root necessarily a free morpheme? Why?2.2.1 Two types of roots- Free rootIn English, many roots are free morphemes, such as black in black, blackboard, blacksmith.- Bound rootHowever, there are quite a number of roots which cannot exist on their own and thus belong to the class of bound morphemes. For example, ceive in receive, conceive, perceive, deceive; mit in permit, commit, submit; tain in retain, contain, maintain; cur in recur, occur, incur, etc.these roots cannot be used to form new words.2.2.2 Two types of affixesAffix is a collective term for the type of formative (构词成分) that can be used only when added to another morpheme.- Inflectional affixes (or inflectional morphemes) serve to expressthe following meanings:(1) plurality: e.g. -s in chairs, pens; -es in boxes, tomatoes;en in oxen.(2) the genitive case: e.g. ’s in boy’s, children’s.(3) the verbal endings: for example,a. -(e)s in words like eats, teaches shows the third personsingular present tense.b. -ing in words like eating, teaching shows the presentparticiple or gerund.c. -(e)d in words like worked, saved shows the past tense or pastparticiple.(4) the comparative and superlative degrees:e.g. -er in words like smaller, harder; -est in words like smallest,hardest.- Derivational affixes (or derivational morphemes) can be further divided into prefixes and suffixes.(1) Prefixes are affixes before the root, e.g: unjust, rewrite.As a rule, most prefixes modify the meaning of roots, but not their parts of speech. task: list some prefixes that can modify the parts of speech.- en-(em-) as in words like embody, enrich- be- as in words like befriend, belittle- a- as in words like asleep, aside(2) Suffixes are affixes after the root, e.g.: darkness, worker.By the addition of the suffix,the word is usually changed from one part ofspeech into another, e.g. liberation, modernize.2.3 Relationship between the two classifications of morphemesMorphemeIt is the minimal meaningful unit of language. Or it is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.a)Bound morphemes are morphemes which alone can be used as words.What is an allomorph?An allomorph is one of the variants of the same morpheme.语素/形位变体是同⼀个语素的不同形式。

Choose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.1. A lot of ants蚂蚁are always invading涌入my kitchen. They are a thorough _______.A. nuisance讨厌人的B.troubleC. worryD. anxiety2. One of the requirements要求for a fire is that the material重要的_______ to its burning temperature.A. is heatedB. will be heatedC. be heatedD. would be heated3.Why this otherwise否则，其他excellent卓越的newspaper allows such an article to be printed is ______ me.A. aboveB. outsideC. deceivedD. beyond4. This movie is not ______ for children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes.A. profound 意义深远的B.valid 有效的，有根据的C.decent正派的，得体的D. beyond5. ______ difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one another to overcome克服them.A. WhereverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. When6. Working hard is not only a _____ of great success, but it is among the essential基本要求requirements.A. sign 迹象符号B. signalC. guarantee 保证，担保D. supposition 假定，推测7.The interpreter解读者______ the French words for the Chinese visitors.A. interpretedB. interrupted中断的C. interfered 干涉，妨碍D. interview采访，接见8. What’s the ______ a mount of wine you are allowed to take through customs海关duty- free?A. bigB. minimumC. greatD. maximum9. Without guidance we could not _____ with the chapter, so we had to pause for the teacher.A. pursue 继续从事B. pursuit追求C. persist 坚持说D. push10. When people become unemployed失业的, it is ________ which is often worse than lack of wages.A. laziness 无精打采的B. poverty 贫困的C. idleness 懒惰的D. inability无能力的Choose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.1. To keep fit, you need to _______ on your intake of oil-rich foods.A. cut off中断B. cut in 插嘴，打断C. cut down减少D. cut back修剪2. If he had been in better health, he ___________ more books.A. can writeB. could have writtenC. Could writeD. have written3. _________ popular belief that classical music is too complete, it achieves a simplicity简单that only a genius can create.A. Subject toB. Contrary toC. Familiar toD. Similar to4. David likes country life and has decided to _________ farming.A. go in for 去进行B. go back on 继续C. go through with 经历D. go along with沿着5. It is said that the fingerprints 手印found on the rifle will be used to _______ him.A. chargeB. accuseC. convictD. sue6. Two men, ______ I had seen before, came into my office.A. neither of whomB. whom neitherC. neitherD. neither whom7. Mike ______ an old friend on the street.A. ran for 竞选B. ran outC. ran after 追赶D. ran into 遇上8. The course gets more difficult as you go ____.A. downB. alongC. ahead 去做D. in9. Her big-boned body felt ______ and she placed the tray托盘on the coffee table with a loud clatter.A. flexible灵活的B. stumble 困难C. clumsyD. coarse粗鲁的10. Your account of events does not _____ with hers.A. respondB. correspond 通信C. comply 遵守D. consistent一致Choose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.1. All the key words in the article are print ed in ______ type so as to attract readers’ attention.A. darkB. denseC. blackD. bold人大胆2. Bruce Stephen gripped 抓the ________ wheel hard as the car bounced up and down.A. stirring 脚绊B. drivingC. steeringD. revolving旋转3. He was _____ to anger by the insult.A. risenB. rousedC. arisenD. arouse4. The pills give the patient _______ from pain.A. relieve vB. release nC. relief nD. relevant5. A group of generals have _____ against the government.A. revolvedB. revivalC. revise 修正D. revolted反抗6. My doctor ________ me to dangers of smoking.A. warned sb doingB. toldC. alarmed警报D. alerted提醒7. With the development of industry, this region will surely ________.A. developB. profitC. succeedD. thrive8. This ticket _________ you to a free meal in our new restaurant.A. givesB. grantsC. entitlesD. credits9. Yesterday he __________ $1000 to cancer research.A. gaveB. giftedC. presentedD. donated10. There’s a whole ________ of bills waiting to be paid.A. stockB. stackC. numberD. sequenceChoose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.1. Have you ever seen John? I’m ______ to meet h im.A. despairB. thirsty forC. desperate to do绝望的D. be desire2. The police took a new ________ for crowd control.A. strategyB. planC. wayD. procedure3. Can you help me _______ on to the computer system?A. getB. log 登录C. stepD. go4. They argued that their products should be developed on the basis of need, ______profit.A. rather than 而不是B. other than 除了C. more thanD. less than5. Prices are going up so rapidly. ______A. Petrol now is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago.B. Petrol now is as twice expensive as it was a few years ago.C. Petrol now is as expensive as twice it was a few years ago.D. Petrol now is expensive as twice as it was a few years ago.6. She _____ all her efforts in passing the final exam.A. madeB. put ones efforts inC. usedD. invested7. Mum is getting old, so her memory is not very ______ these days.A. trueB. forgettableC. reliableD. credit8. The safe ___of nuclear waste核废料is a major problem.A. proposal 提议建议B. throwC. abandon 放弃D. disposal处理9. Fog will ______ throughout the night.A. stayB. keepC. persistD. retain保持10. Many people lost their job because of the industrial _______.A. boomB. failureC. reductionD. recession衰退Choose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.1. The teacher _____ a passage to the class.A. dominated 统治的B. donatedC. dictatedD. devoted2. She enjoys the _____ of her own flat.A. solicitude 焦虑担忧B. solitudeC. soliloquy 自言自语D. solidity 固态3. After a year without defeat, the team now reigns _____ as the finest in the country.A. superiorB. supremeC. superbD. superficial表面4. What dress shall I _____ for the party?A. put upB. put inC. put forwardD. put on5. What time are you planning to _____ tomorrow?A. set toB. set inC. set forthD. set up6. Some old people don’t like pop songs because they can’t _____ so much noise.A. resistB. sustainC. tolerateD. undergo7. A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is _____.A. staleB. disorderC. abstractD. concrete8. He was very tired, _____ he was unable to sleep until after midnight.A. thereforeB. hence 因此C. neverthelessD. on the contrary9. He put forward the argument after _____ consideration.A. humble 谦虚的B. ripe 庄家成熟C. stumbleD. mature10. His old dream of sailing round the world was realized _____.A. on purposeB. in lineC. at bestD. at length最终Choose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.1.Reading ________ the lines, I would say that the Government are more worried than they will admit.A. behindB. between字里行间C. alongD. among2. I didn't _______ to take a taxi but I had to as I was late.A. assume 假设B. supposeC. meanD. hope3. He will surely finish the job on time _______ he is left to do it in his own way.A. in thatB. so ／as long asC. in caseD. as far4. The same factors push wages and prices up together, the one _______ the other.A. emphasizing 强调B. reinforcingC. multiplyingD. increasing5. Extensive reporting on television has helped to _____ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.A. assemble 组装B. generate 使产生C. yield 屈服产量D. Gather 使收拢6. Petrol is refined from the____ oil we take out of the ground.A. crudeB. freshC. rude 原油D. original7. A season ticket _______the holder to make as many journeys as he wishes within the stated period of time.A. entitles 使某人能够做某事B. grantsC. bloomedD. promises8. Our hopes ______ and fell in the same instant.A. aroseB. raisedC. roseD. aroused9. He wrote an article criticizing the Greek poet and won____ and a scholarship.A. faithB. statusC. fameD. courage10. If the building project ____by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A. being completedB. is completedC. to be completedD. completedChoose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.1. I think I was at school, _____ I was staying with a friend during the vacation when I heard the news.A. or elseB. and thenC. or soD. even so2. They believed that this was not the _____ of their campaign for equality but merely the beginning.A. climax高潮B. summitC. pitch声音高D. maximum 量高3. Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not take drugs _____ directed.A. likeB. soC. whichD. as4. The committee has a conservative保守_____, and refuses to reform.A. viewB. bias 偏见C. thoughtD. attitude5. His negligence 故事was _____ criminal.A. more thanB. no more thanC. no less thanD. nothing less than简直就是6. We must adapt our method _____ the new circumstances.A. toB. withC. onD. at7. She claims to be descended _____ royalty.王室后裔A. withB. afterC. ToD. from8. A working party has been set up to _____ the problem.A. look inB. look upC. look intoD. look up9. The firm is working on a new product in combination ________ several overseas partners.A. inB. withC. toD. from10. His achievement was more _____ in that he had come from such a poor family.A. popularB. famousC. understandableD. remarkable引人瞩目的。

2012词汇学复习资料The development of the English Vocabulary1.Indo-European Language FamilyThe Indo-European Language Family is considered as one of the most important language families. It includes most languages of Europe, the Near East, and India. Those languages, which are believed to have originated from this language family and developed alone different lines, show various degrees of similarity to one another. They fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into an Eastern Set东部诸语族: Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语, Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语族, Armenian 亚美尼亚语族and Albanian阿尔巴尼亚语族; a Western Set: 西部诸语族Celtic凯尔特语族, Italic 意大利语族, Hellenic希腊语族, Germanic日尔曼语族. All the languages in both sets shed some influence on English to a greater or lesser extent because each has lent words into the English vocabulary.Prussian普鲁士语Lithuanian立陶宛语Polish波兰语Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语Czech捷克斯洛伐克语Bulgarian保加利亚语Slovenian斯洛文尼亚语RussianAlbanian阿尔巴尼亚Persian波斯语Hindi北印度语Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系Bengali孟加拉语Romany，吉卜赛语Armenian亚美尼亚语PortugueseSpanishItalic意大利语族ItalianRoumanian罗马尼亚语FrenchIndo-EuropeanLanguage FamilyIrishCeltic凯尔特语BretonScottishNorwegian挪威语Icelandic，冰岛语Danish丹麦语Germanic Swedish瑞典语日尔曼语言EnglishDutchFlemishGermanHellenic，古希腊语- GreekChapter 1A General Survey of A WordThe Definition of Word• A word is(1) A minimal free form of a language;(2) a sound unity;(3) a unity of meaning;(4) a form that can function alone in a sentence.A word is a minimal free form that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.A word is a smallest unit of a language.1. The development of English vocabularyThe history of English language can be divided into 3 periods:a/ Old English period (449—1100)The former inhabitants, the Celtic, the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons and Jutes Anglo-Saxon as Old English, Old English contains 50-60 thousand words, which consists of the basic word stock.b/ Middle English period (1100-1500)characterized by the strong influence of French following the Norman Conquest in 1066.The French loan words were found in law and governmental administration (judge, justice)c/ Modern English period (1500--)the early stage of this period ( including the years between 1500-1700), the Renaissance brought great changes to the vocabulary. borrowing from Latin, Latin were now mostly connected with science and abstract ideas. Greek borrowings were mostly literary, technical and scientific words2.Classification of English Words According to Different CriteriaA. By Origin: native words and loan (borrowed ) wordsIn English language, most native words in Modern English are monosyllabic. They form the great majority of the basic word stock of English language.The fundamental features of the basic word stock are:1. National character;2. Stability;3. Word-forming ability;4. Ability to form collocationsSince the great majority of the basic word stock are native words, they are naturally the ones used most frequently in everyday speech and writing.B. By level of usage1. Common words ( P11 words connected with ordinary things or activities necessary to everyday life: “The repeated telephone calls only annoyed me but made my sister very angry.”)2. Literary words (P12 words are chiefly used in writing, formal speeches, e.g. Feeling fatigued, Tom retired early.): a. Archaic words; b. Poetical words See P133. Colloquial words: Words used mainly in spoken English, in conversation among friends and colleagues,e.g. “John was fired for petty thieving”4. Slang wordsC. By notion: function words and content ( P 17)function words are short words such as determiners, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliaries, and so on, they serve grammatical meaningContent words have lexical meaning, such as nouns, main verbs, adj and adv.e.g. The passerby was hit by the truck.Chapter 2Word-Structure and Word-Formation(1)1. The definition of morpheme1.1 What is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language?- morphemeWhat are words composed of? - Words are formed by morphemes. A word is the smallest unit that stands alone to communicate meaning.1.2 What are the Chinese equivalents of morpheme? 语素词素-形位2.1 Morphemes may be classified into free and bound.Free morphemes,also called content morphemes, may constitute words by themselves. These morphemes have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. So we may say that free morphemes are free roots.Bound morphemes = Bound root + affixes, known as grammatical morphemes, must appear with at least one other morpheme, either free or bound. Bound morphemes are chiefly found in derived words, e.g. recollection, idealistic, ex-prisoner2.2 Morphemes may also be classified into roots (or root morphemes) and affixes (or affixational morphemes).Task:(1) Read the following words and find the root in each word.heart, hearten, dishearten, heartless, hearty, heartiness,sweetheart, heartbroken, kind-hearted, whole-heartedly.(2) What is your definition of root?A root is the part of the word-form which remains when all the affixes have been removed.(3) Is a root necessarily a free morpheme? Why?2.2.1 Two types of roots- Free rootIn English, many roots are free morphemes, such as black in black, blackboard, blacksmith.- Bound rootHowever, there are quite a number of roots which cannot exist on their own and thus belong to the class of bound morphemes. For example, ceive in receive, conceive, perceive, deceive; mit in permit, commit, submit; tain in retain, contain, maintain; cur in recur, occur, incur, etc.these roots cannot be used to form new words.2.2.2 Two types of affixesAffix is a collective term for the type of formative (构词成分) that can be used only when added to another morpheme.- Inflectional affixes (or inflectional morphemes) serve to expressthe following meanings:(1) plurality: e.g. -s in chairs, pens; -es in boxes, tomatoes;en in oxen.(2) the genitive case: e.g. ’s in boy’s, children’s.(3) the verbal endings: for example,a. -(e)s in words like eats, teaches shows the third personsingular present tense.b. -ing in words like eating, teaching shows the presentparticiple or gerund.c. -(e)d in words like worked, saved shows the past tense or pastparticiple.(4) the comparative and superlative degrees:e.g. -er in words like smaller, harder; -est in words like smallest,hardest.- Derivational affixes (or derivational morphemes) can be further divided into prefixes and suffixes.•(1) Prefixes are affixes before the root, e.g: unjust, rewrite.As a rule, most prefixes modify the meaning of roots, but not their parts of speech. task: list some prefixes that can modify the parts of speech.- en-(em-) as in words like embody, enrich- be- as in words like befriend, belittle- a- as in words like asleep, aside•(2) Suffixes are affixes after the root, e.g.: darkness, worker.By the addition of the suffix,the word is usually changed from one part ofspeech into another, e.g. liberation, modernize.2.3 Relationship between the two classifications of morphemesMorphemeIt is the minimal meaningful unit of language. Or it is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.a)Bound morphemes are morphemes which alone can be used as words.What is an allomorph?An allomorph is one of the variants of the same morpheme.语素/形位变体是同一个语素的不同形式。

期末词汇复习题库Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.1.Michael has already spent __________ amount of money and time in Barcelona.A. considerableB. considerateC. consideratelyD. consider2．He looked around to ________ that he was alone.A. sureB. being sureC. confirmD. confirmed3.We agreed to accept ____ they thought was the best tourist guide.A. whateverB. whomeverC. whicheverD. whoever4. These children were in a state of virtual ________.A. neglectfulB. neglectC. neglectedD. neglecting5. The Tang Dynasty is a period __________ for its liberality.A. knowB. knewC. remarkD. remarkable6.They are teachers and don’t realize ____ to start and run a company.A. what it takesB. what takes itC. what they takeD. what takes them7. These people are in ________need of relief.A. urgeB. urgentC. urgencyD. urgement8. The goals ______ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after whichB. for whichC. with whichD. at which9.She is one of the strongest __________ of tax reform.A. enemyB. enemiesC. opponentsD. opponent10. He asked ____ for a violin.A. did I pay how muchB. I paid how muchC. how much did I payD. how much I paid11. None of the debaters____ convincing ____ audience.A. were; hisB. was; theirC. were; theirD. was; its12. The death of his sister has a great ___________ on him.A. impactB. factC. affectD. effective13. He is the chairman of this ___________.A. findB. foundationC. foundD. finding14. All __________ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A. what is neededB. for our needsC. the thing neededD. that is needed15. The two companies have ____________ a long-term cooperative relationship.A. contactB. contextC. establishedD. establish16．She is no longer the girl ____________ she was in her childhood.A. thatB. whomC. whoD. /17. The coffee is so full that it might ________ over.A. spillB. fellC. splitD. fallen18. Fifteen minutes____ for a boy who is eager to see his girlfriend.A. seem a long timeB. seemed a long timeC. seems a long timeD. seems long time ago19.Are you willing to stand up in court and _______ that you do not recognize him?A. swordB. swearC. saidD. see20. ____________ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A. ThatB. WhichC. ItD. As21. Melted iron is poured into the mixer much _________ tea is poured into a cup from atea-pot.A. in the same way likeB. in the same way whichC. in the same wayD. in the same way as22.His translation manages to be ________ to the spirit of the original.faithfulA. faithfulB. faithC. failD. failure23.We need a chairman ______.A. for whom everyone has confidenceB. in whom everyone has confidenceC. who everyone has confidenceD. whom everyone has confidence on24. I ________ with you; I’ve had a similar unhappy experience myself.A. pityB. pitifulC. sympathizeD. sympathy25. The students will put off the outing until next week, ______ they won’t be so busy.A. whenB. asC. sinceD. while26.Michael has already spent __________ amount of money and time in Barcelona.A. considerable C. considerateB. consider D. considering27.______ farming is better for the environment.A. sustain C. remainB. sustainable D. remaining28.We have no right to _______ happiness without producing it.A. use C. spendB. make use of D. consume29.Children ________ make mistakes, unconsciously or intentionally.A. inevitably C. normalB. inevitable D. usual30.Every country must ___________ its own path.A. according to C. lead toB. stick to D. owing to31.He looked around to ________ that he was alone.A. see C. lookB. confirm D. know32.These children were in a state of virtual ________.A. ignore C. neglectB. overlook D. missing33.His encouraging remarks ________ confidence in me.A. made C. builtB. let D. inspired34. Home-made parts are being ________ for imported ones.A. substituted C changedB. instead D. exchanged35. These people are in ________need of relief.A. bad C.badlyB. good D. very36. I’ve never seen droughts on such a large ____________．A. scale C. amountB. scope D. volume37. The priority is to ___________ the problem.A. meet C. tackleB. see D. change38. The death of his sister has a great ___________ on him.A. affect C. remindB. effect D. memory39. The two companies have ____________ a long-term cooperative relationship.A. sustain C. establishedB. promote D. foundation40. Jewelry and lace are mostly ________ belongings.A. feminine C. womanB. lady D. female41.Glasses are ________ and must be handled with great care.A. broken C. fragileB. break D. small pieces42.The coffee is so full that it might ________ over.A. leak C. fillB. go D. spill43.Are you willing to stand up in court and _______ that you do not recognize him?A. speak C. shoutB. tell D. swear44. There are many bad customs and laws that ought to be ________ .A. abolished C. reducedB. abolish D. reduce45. We were ________ that everything possible was being done.A. assure C. promiseB. assured D. guarantee46. I’d like to _____my own experience as an example.A. talk C. quotationB. tell D. cite47. If we see this________ only from one side or the other, then we will be blind to the truth.A. argue C. conflictB. quarrel D. thing48. Failure doesn’t mean you are _________ . It does mean you are not perfect.A. inferior C. juniorB. superior D. senior49.Skin doctors warn people to be careful with sun ________.A. expose C. rateB. exposure D. degree50. As the only network operator in the country, our marketing is __________ expanding the size of the market.A. aimed at C. goal atB. aim at D. objective51.Failure doesn’t mean you are _________. It does mean you are not perfect.A. inferior C. flawlessB. superior D. interior52. On top of this, social services, ________ health care and education, also need improvement.A. first C. primarilyB. primary D. firstly53. Skin doctors warn people to be careful with sun ________.A. expose C. emergeB. exposure D. explosion54. _______ electronic computers, much of today's advanced technology wouldn't have been achieved.A. Having C. WithB. Not having D. Without55. ______ to lose Jenny again, Shirley went to a nearby hill to grieve alone.A. Thinking of C. WhenB. Expecting D. About56. The elephants are sensitive animals _________ family unit is everything.A. that C. to themB. whose D. for whom57. Wearing the right shoes and clothes as well as being fit can make all the ________.A. change C. similarityB. comfort D. difference58. Planting your child in front of a television set is not altogether a bad thing, ________ that you limit the time that your little one spends watching TV and you monitor the programs watched.A. providing C. ifB. provided D. in case59. It is highly ________ that such ads do affect children’s media preferences.A. like C. seemB. likely D. seemingly60. I’d like to _____ my own experience as an example.A. cite C. checkB. quote D. draw61. My father didn't go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _______ there.A. not to go C. not goB. won't D. not to go to62. He looked around to ________ that he was alone.A. learn from C. confirmB. inform D. convince63. This company has ________ home-made parts for imported ones.A. substitute C. replaceB. substituted D. replaced64. His encouraging remarks ________ confidence in me.A. inspired C. aspireB. did inspired D. aspired65. Shirley was quite depressed a fter Jenny’s death and it took her a long time to _________ her spirits and recover from her deep sorrow.B. restore D. recall66. As far as I’m concerned, animals should be regarded as friends _____________ food or sources of clothing.A. rather C. instead ofB. than D. despite67. I haven't read this book, ________ has my brother.A. either C. norB. not D. also68. The two ______ elephant trainers had seen enough abuse and neglect at circuses and zoos to inspire them to create a sanctuary.A. previously C. used to beB. before D. former69. You need to ________ the employers that you can do the job.A. convict C. confirmB. confuse D. convince70. Organizers are _______ a large crowd at the carnival.A. participating C. manufacturingB. manipulating D. anticipating71. The coffee is so full that it might ________ over.A. spill C. spoilB. split D. burst72. I __________ with you, for I have lived a similar unhappy experience myself.A. synthesized C. sympatheticB. sympathize D. sympathy73. It is not that John doesn’t want to help you, __________ this is beyond his ability.A. whereas C. but thatB. but D. by virtue of74. When we __________ our time for a good cause, the rewards we reap are far greater than any promotion we could get from work, or good grades from school.A. guaranteed C. voluntaryB. guarantee D. volunteer75. I yelled in my dream, which _______ my roommate out of his sleep.B. refreshed D. disturbed1-5 ACDBD6-10 ABBCD11-15 CABDC16-20 AACBD21-25 DABCA26-30 ABDAB31-35 BCDAC36-40 ACBCA41-45 CDDAB46-50 DCABA51-55 ACBDD56-60 DDBBA61-65 CCBAB66-70 CCDDD71-75 ABCDA。