2013年高考作文四川卷“过一种平衡的生活”素材运用解析 【考题回放】阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。 有人说，过一种平衡的生活——学些东西，想些问题，做些事情，打打球，唱唱歌，画画儿……针对这种说法，同学们展开了热烈的讨论。 请根据以上材料，结合自己的体验与感悟，写一篇不少于800字的文章。 要求：①题目自拟，立意自定，文体自选；②不得抄袭，不得套作；③用规范汉字书写。 【命题解读】四川卷所给材料短小且没有太多的叙事成分，没有明确的态度和褒贬，旨在引导考生思考个人如何在现实生活中看待自己与周围的关系及结合社会现象来如何对待个人价值实现方式及自我追求过程中心态的保持问题。此题贴近现实、贴近考生的生活，有较大的解读空间，考生只需采用抓关键词和化大为小的方法即可审题立意，试题难度不大。 材料中的关键句是“过一种平衡的生活”，其中的关键词是“平衡”。何谓“平衡”，即不偏不倚，不走极端，不剑走偏锋。平衡既为一种人生追求又为一种人生境界和态度。所以考生可化大为小，从实和虚等方面来立意。 一、实写： 1.人类与自然的平衡。选材小贴士：从此角度，考生的选材重点在于人类社会的发展如何与自然和谐相处。如雅安地震，北京暴雨，雾霾天气，黄浦江死猪事件，西南大旱…… 2.人与人的平衡。选材小贴士：从此角度，此处的“平衡”则可理解为人与人在社会面前的“公平”。如“中国好声音”让平民一鸣惊人，靠的是公平选拔；河南“90后”青年程帅帅送给北大新校牌“北京人大学”，意指北大招录本地学生过多，成为“北京人的大学”；2013年两会代表，农民工代表由5年前的3个到13年的31个，农民工在国家最高权力机关中有了更多的话语权…… 3.人与社会的平衡。选材小贴士：从此角度，此处的“平衡”可理解为个人应该遵循社会规则或社会应该为个人提供人性的生活环境等人与社会的一种和谐关系。如“中国式过马路”折射出个人对社会规则意识的淡薄；2012年高考上海一高考考生因自行车坏了导致迟到，而被工作人员按照相关规定拒之门外引起全社会对规则与人情的思考…… 4.社会与社会的平衡。选材小贴士：从此角度，考生应用国际的视角来看待平衡。如中东民族冲突战争不断，朝韩半岛危机，中日东海“钓鱼岛之争”风云再起，中国网络遭美国情报局监控，欧盟对中国的无缝钢管反倾销制裁…… 二、虚写： 1.心灵的平衡。选材小贴士：从此角度，考生重点论述的应是个人的内心与外界之间的关系，即不患得患失，不斤斤计较，不以物喜，不以己悲，大气大度保持平静和不为个人得失所动的人生境界。如苏轼一生宦海沉浮却保持一颗积极乐观的心，莫言获奖后仅仅把自己定位为“一个讲故事”的人，仇富与仇官心理…… 2.物质追求与精神充实的平衡。 选材小贴士：从此角度，考生论述的重点应是在人生追求的方向上应当平衡。如中国目前的“过劳死”现象折射出对物质的过度追求；卢梭在散步途中写下了《沉思录》，很好地平衡了工作与生活；子女在外打拼造成的“空巢老人”现象…… 3.经济发展与道德文明的平衡。 选材小贴士：从此角度，考生应从社会发展平衡的层面上阐释物质文明发展与精神文明发展之间的协调关系。如国内校车事故、煤矿事故、毒胶囊、瘦肉精、速成鸡等安全事件层出不穷；“最美乡村医生”王布和20多年坚持“有钱没钱都能看病”行医理念；105岁的南京寿星钱道康，被某保健品厂商邀请去做广告并承诺给予高额酬金时回答：“我不去，我从来没吃过保健品，不能说假话骗人。”…… 4.发展与继承的平衡.
2015年四川大学考博《英语》真题 (总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟) 一、ⅠReadingComprehension 二、Passage1 Speechissofamiliarafeatureofdailylifethatwerarelypausetodefineit.Itseemsasnatural tomanaswalkingandonlylesssothanbreathing.Yetitneedsbutamoment'sreflectiontoconvinceus thatthisnaturalnessofspeechisbutanillusoryfeeling.Theprocessofacquiringspeechis,insob erfact,anutterlydifferentsortofthingfromtheprocessoflearningtowalk.Inthecaseofthelatt erfunction,culture,inotherwords,thetraditionalbodyofsocialusage,isnotseriouslybrought intoplay.Thechildisindividuallyequipped,bythecomplexsetoffactorsthatwetermbiologicalh eredity,tomakealltheneededmuscularandnervousadjustmentsthatresultinwalking.Indeed,the veryconformationofthesemusclesandoftheappropriatepartsofthenervoussystemmaybesaidtobe primarilyadaptedtothemovementsmadeinwalkingandinsimilaractivities.Inaveryrealsense,th enormalhumanbeingispredestinedtowalk,notbecausehiselderswillassisthimtolearnthear t,butbecausehisorganismispreparedfrombirth,orevenfromthemomentofconception,totake onallthoseexpendituresofnervousenergyandallthosemuscularadaptationsthatresultinwalkin g.Toputitconcisely,walkingisaninherent,biologicalfunctionofman. Notsolanguage.Itisofcoursetruethatinacertainsensetheindividualispredestinedtotalk ,butthatisdueentirelytothecircumstancethatheisbornnotmerelyinnature,butinthelapofasoc ietythatiscertain,reasonablycertain,toleadhimtoitstraditions.Eliminatesocietyandthere iseveryreasontobelievethathewilllearntowalk,if,indeed,hesurvivesatall.Butitisjustasce rtainthathewillneverlearntotalk,thatis,tocommunicateideasaccordingtothetraditionalsys temofaparticularsociety.Or,again,removethenew-bornindividualfromthesocialenvironmenti ntowhichhehascomeandtransplanthimtoanutterlyalienone.Hewilldeveloptheartofwalkinginhi snewenvironmentverymuchashewouldhavedevelopeditintheold.Buthisspeechwillbecompletelya tvariancewiththespeechofhisnativeenvironment.Walkingthenisageneralhumanactivitythatva riesonlywithinarestrictedlimitaswepassfromindividualtoindividual.Itsvariabil ityispurposeless.Speechisahumanactivitythatvarieswithoutassignablelimitaswepassfr omsocialgrouptosocialgroup,becauseitisapurelyhistoricalheritage,theproductoflong-cont inuedsocialusage.Itvariesasallcreativeeffortvaries-notasconsciously,perhaps,butnoneth elessastrulyasdothereligions,thebeliefs,thecustoms,andtheartsofdifferentpeoples.Walki ngisanorganic,instinctivefunction,speechisanon-instinctive,acquired,"cultural"functio n. (1).ThefirstsentenceofParagraphTwo,"Notsolanguage"istheclosestinmeaningto______. " A.thisisnotthecasewithlanguage " B.soislanguageandnotanythingelse " C.nosuchathingexistsinlanguage " D.notsomuchwithlanguage A.√ B. C. D. 解析：细节推理题。Notsolanguage承接首段的最后一句话，将language与walking进行对比，上文提及"行走是人类与生俱来的一种生物功能"，而语言则不是。选项A与文中的意思最接近。故答案为A。
2014年四川省高考英语试题 第Ｉ卷（选择题共90分） 注意事项： 1.必须使用2B铅笔在答题卡上将所选答案对应的标号涂黑。 2.第I卷共两部分，计90分。 第一部分英语知识运用 第一节单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中国，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1.She'd lived in London and Manchester,but she liked______and moved to Cambridge. A.both B.neither C.none D.either 2.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said,"That's______I was born." A.when B.how C.why D.where 3.Was it because Jack came late for school______Mr.Smith got angry? A.why B.who C.where D.that 4.Until now,we have raised50.000pounds for the poor children.______is quite unexpected. A.that B.which C.who D.it 5.The manager was satisfied to see many new products______after great effort. A.having developed B.to develop C.developed D.develop 6.I still remember my happy childhood when my mother______take me to Disneyland at weekends. A.might B.must C.would D.should 7.—I hope to take the computer course. —Good idea.____more about it,visit this website. A.To find out B.Finding out C.To be finding out D.Having found out 8.I'll be out for some time.______anything important happens,call me up immediately. A.In case B.As if C.Even though D.Now that 9.She______someone,so I nodded to her and went away. A.phoned B.had phoned C.was phoning D.has phoned 10.—How about dinner tonight?It's on me. —______. A.You are welcome B.Oh,I'd like to C.Well,I'm afraid so D.That's all right 第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的所给选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My husband,Tom,has always been good with animals,but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse(松鸡).It's11for a grouse to have any contact(接触)with people.In fact,they're hard to spot,12they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching. This into our lives in13.Tom was working out in the field when he14 her walking around at the edge of the was15unafraid and seemed to be16 about what he was doing. Tom saw the17bird several times,and she got more comfortable around him.We quickly grew 18of the bird and decided to call her Mildred. One day,as Tom was working,Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch.Tom19 he didn't see her and kept working to see what she would do next. Apparently,she didn't like to be20.She'd run up and peck(啄)at Tom's hands,then 21off to see what he would do.This went on for about20minutes,until Mildred became tired of the
2014年四川省高考英语试卷 第一节单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 1. She'd lived in London and Manchester，but she liked______ and moved to Cambridge．（） A.neither B.both C.either D.none 2. Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，"That's ______ I was born．"（） A.how B.when C.where D.why 3. Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr．Smith got angry？（） A.who B.why C.that D.where 4. Uutil now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，______ is quite unexpected．（） A.which B.that C.who D.it 5. The manager was satisfied to see many new products ______ after great effort．（） A.to develop B.having developed C.develop D.developed 6. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends．（） A.must B.might C.should D.would 7. -I hope to take the computer course． -Good idea．____ more about it，visit this website．（） A.Finding out B.To find out C.Having found out D.To be finding out 8. I'll be out for some time．______ anything important happens，call me up immediately．（） A.As if B.In case C.Even though D.Now that 9. She ______ someone，so I nodded to her and went away．（） A.had phoned B.phoned C.was phoning D.has phoned 10. -How about dinner tonight？It's on me． -______．（） A.Oh，I'd like to B.You are welcome C.Well，I'm afraid so D.That's all right 第二节完形填空阅读后面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共30分） 11. My husband, Tom, has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female gro use （松鸡）．It's （1）________ for a grouse to have any contact （接 触） with people．In fact, they're hard to spot, （2） ________ they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching． This grouse came into our lives in （3）________Tom was working out in the field when he （4） ________her walking around at the edge of the fiel d．She was （5）________ unafraid and seemed to be（6） ________about what he was doing． Tom saw the（7）________ bird several times, and she got more comfortable around him．We quickly grew（8）________ of the bird and decided to call her Mildre d． One day, as Tom was working, Mildred camc within a few feet of him to watch．Tom（9） ________he didn't see her and kept working to see what she would do next． Apparently, she didn't like to be （10）________．She'd run up and peck （啄） at Tom's hands, then（11） ________ off to see what he would do．This went on for about 20minutes, until Mildred became tired of the（12）________ and left． As spring went and summer came, Mildred started to （13）________ more and more often．（14） ________Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Tom's leg and stay long enough for me to get a （15） ________ of the two of them together．This friendly grouse soon felt （16） ________ not just with our family, but with anybody who walked or drove by． When hunting season opened, we put a （17）________ at the end of our driveway asking （18） ________not to shoot our pet grouse．My father, who lived down the road, （19） ________warned people not to shoot her．（20） ________．hunters would stop and take pictures, because they had never seen anything like her． （1） A.reasonable B.interesting C.impossible D.unusual （2） A.because B.though C.unless D.until （3） A.summer B.spring C.autumn D.winter
绝密★启封并使用完毕前 2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川卷) 英语 本试题卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。第Ⅰ卷至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页，共10页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。考生作答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷、草纸上答题不小。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回 第Ⅰ卷（选择题共90分） 注意事项： 1.必须使用2B铅笔在答题卡上将所选答案对应的标号涂黑 2.第Ⅰ卷共两部分，共计90分。 第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，共40分） 第一节单项填空 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 1.—Sorry, I forgot to lock the door. —______ Mike can do it later.. A.No way B. Take your time C. Nothing serious D. You're welcome 【答案】C 【解析】 .试题分析:考查情景交际.选项A意为没门，选项B意为漫漫来;选项C意为没什么大不了的;选项D. 意为不客气.此题上文意为:对不起，我忘了锁门;下文意为Mike稍后会做的，根据语境选择C最为洽当. 考点：考查情景交际 2.You _____be careful with the camera. It costs! A .must B. may C. can D. will
【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查情态动词。根据下文的it costs可知，照相机很昂贵，故选择A，意为你一定要非常小心对待照相机，它很昂贵。 考点：考查情态动词 3.The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us. A．which B. what C. whose D. that 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查定语从句。本题考查定语从句的连接词，先行词为the books，和covers之间存在所有关系，故选择C，意为书的封面。句意为：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。 考点：考查定语从句 4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. A. are being built B. will be built C. have been built D. had been built 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:考查时态.本句为时态题，根据时if}状语soon可知，考查了将来时，故选择B.句意为:四1iM 将建设更多的高速公路以促讲当地的经济. 考点：考查时态 5.Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to beBeethoven. A. a B. an C. the D.不填 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查冠词。本题考查不定冠词在人名前，表示：一个像…那样的人。故选择A，句意为：Brian在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。
2021年高考作文四川卷试题评析 试题评析 命题者在去年以“问”为话题检验学生的作文能力之后，没有连续过往，而是猛然变脸，毅然回到了传统作文命题的轨道，拿起了全命题宝剑，让学生以“一步与一生”为题进行写作。深入分析，我们不难看出，今年的四川高考作文试题仍是独具特色的，她能让考生的思想在哲理摸索中得到彰显和升华。 一、意料之外，情理之中。今年除了重庆、浙江、广东、山东四个省市仍旧在坚守话题作文的阵地外，全国卷Ⅰ、全国卷Ⅱ、北京、湖北均改为了给材料作文，在上海始终坚持命题作文的阵营中，相继有天津、江苏、江西、安徽、湖南、福建、辽宁以及四川在今年也欣然加入其中。这也给了我们一个有益的启发，平常的作文训练，切忌跟风逐潮，切忌猜题押题，切忌倚轻倚重，必须全面训练，打牢基础，防患于未然，以不变应万变。才能在高考考场上稳操胜券。 二、合理限制，适当放宽。认真分析，今年的作文试题十分简洁明了，命题者采纳“题目﹢要求”的简单形式来命题。文题既有合理限制，又适当给予放宽。合理限制表达在两个方面：一是限定题目，二是限定字数，考生是不能另拟题目，不顾字数，超越雷池的；适当放宽则要紧表达在“文体自选”上，也确实是说，不管从文章体裁记叙文、说明文、议论文来讲，依旧从文学体裁小说、散文、诗歌、戏剧来讲，只要考生选取自己善于驾驭的体裁来写作，不管哪类，均无不可。 三、辨明题旨，准确立意。纵观多年的高考作文试题，不难看出，高考作文试题差不多上差不多上关系型的。今年的作文试题要求考生以“一步与一生”为题写一篇文章，不但具有一定的难度，而且也具有专门好的区分度，如此不仅便于拉开档次，而且更利于选拔人才。 “一步与一生”，文题凝练而平易，颇具比喻意义和象征意义。有关“一步与一生”的名言警句可谓举不胜举。像“千里之行，始于足下”“一步错，步步错”“一失足成千古恨”“一着不慎，满盘皆输”“不积小流，无以成江海；不积跬步，无以至千里”……这些名言警句无不在揭示一个真理：做好一件事，走好一步路，对人的一生至关重要。有时，做好一件事，走好一步路，能够成就人的一生；做错一件事，走错一步路，能够毁掉人的一生。古今中外，与“一步与一生”有关的人和事也能够说是数不胜数。 四、合理选材，务必出彩。审准题目以后，就要选择题材，运思行文了。选材时，能够选自己，也能够选他人；能够选古人，也能够选今人；能够选国人，也能够选外族。只要与“一步与一生”有关的人和事即可。因此，我们能够将题材锁定在亲人、友人，乃至古人、今人上，从正面立意，写古今中外的风云人物、黎民百姓因“一步”而阻碍“一生”的情结，表达自己的景仰敬意、歌颂颂扬；也能够从反面着笔，写历史现实中的败类小丑因“一步”而铸就“一生”的遗憾，乃至遗臭万年的罪责，表达自己的憎恶仇恨或鞭挞愤慨。因此，要写好这道作文题，选材的关键在于选取恰当的角度，一定要阐释清晰“一步”与“一生”的辩证关系。而出彩的关键则在于表达方式的运用和突出主题的技巧。能够或单向思维，或双向思维，或多向思维，或深入一步，别具匠心，写出与众不同的华章。 由于要求中规定“文体自选”，因此，我们能够选取情真意切的记叙文、情文并茂的散文、辩证思辨的议论文、波澜起伏的小说，或者人物鲜活的剧本等等。然而，不管如何说，形式只是思想感情的载体。假如我们对自己写作的主题和题材缺乏真实的体验和感悟，就只会搬弄套话空话，无病呻吟，不管如何也写不出考场美文来。只要我们有真情实感，有对“一步”与“一生”的深刻认知和专门摸索，再加上丰厚的文化积淀、扎实的写作功夫，就一定能够写
四川大学2012考博英语真题及答案详解 阅读 1）Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? I t was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing a s “substandard”. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.” 21. The study of sign language is thought to be _____C___. A) a new way to look at the learning of language B) a challenge to tradi t ional, views on the nature of language C) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language（C） 22. The, present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ___C_____. A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf D) some senior experts in American Sign Language（C） 23. According to Stokoe, sign language is _____B___. A) a Substandard language B) a genuine language C) an artificial language D) an international language（B）
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语（四川卷） 本试题分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）。第I卷1至8页，第II卷9至10页，共10页。考生作答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷（选择题共90分） 注意事项： 1. 必须使用2B铅笔在答题卡上将所先答案对应的标号涂黑。 2. 第I卷共两部分，共计90分。 第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，共40分） 第一节单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 01. ---I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow. ---________. A. I really envy you B. Glad to hear that C. Sounds great D. Take it easy 02. The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than _______ on the small ones. A. one B. this C. that D. it 03. Hurry up, kids! The school bus _______ for us! A. waits B. was waiting C. waited D. is waiting 04. Read this story, _______ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. A. or B. and C. but D. so 05. --Why are your eyes so red? You _______ have slept well last night. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. won't 06. _______ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. A. When B. How C. What D. That 07. He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son _______ he wants to. A. even if B. as if C. because D. before 08. _______ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not 09. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live. A. what B. which C. when D. where 10. The airport _______ next year will help promote tourism in this area. A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. having been completed 第二节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 "Look, it's Baldy!" A boy shouted in my direction across the playground. Even though I was used to regular insults(侮辱) because of the 11 on my head, it was 12 horrible to hear. I sighed as I headed back to
四川卷 真题再现 阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。(60分) 人，只有在自己站起来之后，这个世界才属于他。 这句话引发了你哪些思考?请自选角度写一篇不少于800字的文章。要求：①题且自拟，立意自定，文体自定；②不得抄袭，不得套作；③用规范汉字书写。 专家解析 一、命题传承 2011年四川卷作文是命题作文，以“总有一种期待”为题；2012年四川卷作文是新材料作文，以小诗“手握一滴水”为材料；2013年四川卷作文是新材料作文，以“过一个平衡的生活”为材料；今年四川卷作文仍然是新材料作文，以“人只有站起来，世界才属于他”为材料。由此可见，四川作者作文命题常用命题作文和新材料作文两种形式，主要采用新材料作文题。这样能有效避免猜题押题，增加作文的区分度。从命题内容看，2014年四川卷高考作文题体现了注重考生思考人生，关照生命个体的特点。从命题方式看，选取一句有意蕴的话作为材料，材料短小精悍，能引导考生崽考时代，思考生命，进而思考人与世界的关系，极富思考的张力。 二、试题特点 1．人文性强，彰显正能量。材料体现传统文化的精髓——自强不息，揭示人站起来的积极作用，给人以启迪，引导人深思，让考生在写作时心向善，人求真，传递正能量。 2．引导考生思考，富有思辨性。材料有三个关键词：“人”、“站起来”、“世界”，三者紧密联系，体现了三个思考点：“人”可以是考生自己，也可以是其他人；“站起来”可以是人的形体站起来，也可以是灵魂站起来，心灵站起来；“世界”可以是事业成功，事业的辉煌，人生的精彩，等等。材料给考生确立了思维定向，考生可以依托材料展开思考，思考生命个体，思考时代。比如展开下列思考：是什么样的人，怎样站起来，属于他的是怎样的世界，人和世界有怎样的关系。 三、写作构思 1．从让灵魂站起来的角度立意。站起来，让灵魂屹立。让灵魂站立，是饱受苦难的坚守；让灵魂屹立，是遭受质疑的勇敢；让灵魂站起来，足直面挫折的释怀。 2．从怎样站起来，赢得世界的角度立意。比如，立意为：青松岿然，顶天立地；立身天下，收尽芳华；折骨为杖，泣血而立。 3．逆向思维，别出心裁。比如，反弹琵琶，立意为“躺着也是一种胜利”。 4．采用托物言志的方法构思立意。比如，借写物的站起来，来写人的站起来。 专家寄语 今年的四川高考作文审题立意的难度不是很大，但以下几类作文可能导致赋分较低，应引起考生注意： 1．套作得分低。考生将考前写的文章稍作改变，敷衍为文。脱离材料而生搬硬套，穿靴戴帽，牵强附会，使用障眼法等套作文章，得分在36分以下。 2．偏题作文得分低。凡是偏题作文，得分在20分以下。 3．游戏表达得分低。视高考作文为儿戏，或照抄现代文阅读，或胡编乱造得分很低，一般只能得几分。比如，有个考生，只有标题是自己拟的，其余抄的是现代文阅读材料，最终得分2分。 4．立意准确十分重要。凡是在“站起来”或者“世界”单向立意，不能进入一类卷得分，得分在48分以下。