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大学英语2级题

大学英语2级题
大学英语2级题

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年级: 专业: 班级: 学号: 姓名:

装 订 线 2013 — 2014 学年 第 2 学期

《大学英语2级》试题(B )卷

(本试卷适用于 2013 年级 日照校区所有 专业 本专科 层次)

Part I Writing (30 minutes) (共1题,每题15分,共15分) 注意:此部分请在答题纸上作答。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of communicating face to face . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

A Virtual Life and A Real Life

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

Section A (共15题,每题1分,共15分)

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

注意:此部分请在答题卡上作答。

1. A. He’s strong. B. He’s generous.

C. He’s rich.

D. He’s intelligent.

2. A. Finish the book. B. Wait for the due date.

C. Find the book.

D. Pay the library a fine.

3. A. The woman does not live in Clinton, but Frank does.

B. The woman has not seen Frank since they left kindergarten.

C. The woman has known Frank since kindergarten.

D. Frank is forty-five years old.

4. A. A manager. B. A waitress.

C. A student.

D. A teller.

5. A. On a machine. B. In a shop.

C. In a restaurant.

D. In a bookstore.

6. A. He prefers the woman to postpone her coming.

B. He would be pleased if the woman invites him.

C. He would like to have the woman come.

D. He feels surprised at the woman’s fa ilure to understand him.

7. A. To go along to meet her friend with her.

B. To go along to meet her friend with Tony.

C. To occupy himself with the woman’s work.

D. To meet her friend for her.

8. A. She has no brothers or sisters.

B. She is the eldest child in her family.

C. She is the third child in her family.

D. She already has two children of her own.

Questions9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9. A. Watching ads on TV.

B. Listening to ads on radio.

C. Reading job ads in a newspaper.

D. Being interviewed for a job in a company.

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装 订 线 10. A. A large international textile company. B. A large international chemical company. C. A small textile company. D. A small chemical company. 11. A. A general manager. B. A junior sales manager. C. A secretary. D. A sales assistant.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A. They are talking about a comedy.

B. They are talking about the movie they saw last night.

C. They are discussing what kind of movie they like better.

D. They are arguing about the need to show violence in movies. 13. A. Scenery. B. Acting and story. C. Story only. D. Shots of the Alps. 14. A. She’s a suspense movie fan.

B. She thinks highly of the movie she saw last night.

C. She likes movies that are not violent.

D. She enjoyed nothing of the movie except the scenery.

15. A. He likes watching violent movies more than any other movies. B. He doesn’t like violent movies v ery much.

C. Comedies are the last kind of movies he likes to watch.

D. He likes movies that have good stories.

Section B (共10题,每题1分,共10分)

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A. The flashing and moving pictures may hurt our eyes. B. Some television programs may be terrible and ugly. C. We may come to take television for granted.

D. It is likely to become too important a part of our lives. 17. A. How much time they had spent watching television. B. How little they had to say to one another. C. How many things they had to do. D. How little thinking they had done.

18. A. It is neither good nor bad in itself.

B. It leaves very much to be desired.

C. It has great value to society.

D. It is good for adults, bad for children.

Passage Two

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A. She lived near the cinema.

B. Her telephone number was the same as that of the cinema.

C. Her telephone number was very similar to that of the cinema.

D. Her home and the cinema were in the same town.

20. A. The man wanted the cinema but called a wrong number.

B. The man said something that had nothing to do with her answer.

C. The man asked her a silly question which she refused to answer.

D. The man was angry with himself for having made a mistake.

21. A. The man wanted to go to the cinema, but his wife didn’t.

B. The man’s wife wanted to go to the cinema, but he didn’t.

C. Both the man and his wife wanted to go to the cinema.

D. Neither the man nor his wife wanted to go to the cinema.

Passage Three

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A. Close to 90. B. 50.

C. Close to 140.

D. Over 90.

23. A. Five teenagers from New York.

B. Five students from West New York.

C. Five teenage volunteers from West New York.

D. Five eighth grade students.

24. A. They appeared in all the advertisements for the campaign.

B. They went from school to school to expose lies to students.

C. They were involved in many aspects of the campaign and appeared in the “Not for Sale”

commercial.

D. They put up “Not for Sale” posters outside tobacco companies.

25. A. They held a pizza and pool party to attract teenagers to watch their commercial.

B. They held a recruiting party to make it known that new members are needed.

C. They held a pizza and pool party to welcome 50 new members.

D. They began a training program for the 50 new members.

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装 订 线 Section C (共10题,每题1分,共10分)

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意:此部分在答题纸上作答。

People live in the country enjoy several 26 that people living in the city cannot enjoy. They are in close 27 with nature. They make friends with trees and 28 , cows and dogs. They 29 fresh air. They fight with strong winds. They listen to the song of birds.

The contact with nature is 30 to the health. There are many 31 that are common in the city, but are not found in the country. For example, near-sightedness is almost unknown to country people. Owing to the 32 of cars and other kinds of vehicles, one can walk more freely in the country than in the city. There are no 33 of the road nor signals of traffic to observe. Country life is economical. There are 34 to waste money. Country people are mostly honest. They say what they mean, and make and keep promises 35 . They do not put on airs. They do not assume any manners common in what we call polite society.

Part III Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) (40 minutes)

Section A (共10题,每题0.5分,共5分)

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

注意:此部分请在答题纸上作答。只需填写单词前的字母代码。

People have long speculated that their language came from a single source. As (36) as 1767 physician James Parsons collected India, and found them to be quite (37) . He concluded that they must have all come from one (38) . But Sir William Jones, Chief Justice of India, took his (39) a step further. As an educated man, he was trained in the classical languages, so that when he went to India and began to (40) Sanskrit, he saw right away how similar it was to Greek and Latin, not only in vocabulary, but even in grammatical (41) . In a speech delivered before Bengal Asiatic Society in 1786, he (42) that the Sanskrit language bears to both Latin and Greek a (43) resemblance both in the roots of verbs and in the forms of grammar than could possibly have been produced by (44) . Indeed, the resemblance is so strong, he said, that no scholar could examine them all three without believing them to have (45) from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists.

A) massive

I) declared

B) corrupted J) early

C) source K) features

D) examine L) test

E) stronger M) observation

F) association N) sprung

G) similar O) accident

H) probably

Section B(共 10 题,每题 1 分,共 10 分)

Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.

注意:此部分请在答题纸上作答。

How Y our Language Affects Your Wealth and Health

A) Does the language we speak determine how healthy and rich we will be? New research by Keith Chen of Yale Business School suggests so. The structure of languages affects our judgments and decisions about the future and this might have dramatic long-term consequences.

B) There has been a lot of research into how we deal with the future. For example, the famous marshmallow studies of Walter Mischel and colleagues showed that being able to resist temptation is predictive of future success. Four-year-old kids were given a marshmallow and were told that if they did not eat that marshmallow and waited for the experimenter to come back, they would get two marshmallows instead of one. Follow-up studies showed that the kids who were able to wait for the bigger future reward became more successful young adults.

C) Resisting our impulses for immediate pleasure is often the only way to attain the outcomes that are important to us. We want to keep a slim figure but we also want that last slice of pizza. Some people are better at delaying satisfaction than others. Those people have a better chance of accumulating wealth and keeping a healthy life style. They are less likely to be impulse buyers or smokers.

D) Chen’s recent findings suggest that an unlikely factor, language, strongly affects our future-oriented behavior. Some languages strongly distinguish the present and the future. Other languages only weakly distinguish the present and the future. Chen’s recent research suggests that people who speak languages that weakly distinguish the present and the future are better prepared for the future. They accumulate more wealth and they are better able to maintain their health. The way these people conceptualize (概念化) the future is similar to the way they conceptualize the present. As a result, the future does not feel very distant and it is easier for them to act in accordance with their future interests.

E) Different languages have different ways of talking about the future. Some languages, such as English, require their speakers to refer to the future explicitly. Every time English speakers talk about

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装 订 线 the future, they have to u se future markers such as “will”. In other languages, such as Mandarin, future markers are not obligatory. The future is often talked about similar to the way present is talked about and the meaning is understood from the context. Languages such as English constantly remind their speakers that future events are distant. For speakers of languages such as Mandarin, future feels closer. As a consequence, resisting immediate impulses and investing for the future is easier for Mandarin speakers.

F) Chen analyzed individual-level data from 76 developed and developing countries. The data includes people’s economic decisions, such as whether they saved a ny money last year, the languages they speak at home, demographics, and cultural factors such as “saving is an imp ortant cultural value for me”. He also analyzed ind ividual-level data on people’s retirement assets, smoking and exercising habits, and general health in older age. Lastly, he analyzed national-level data that includes national savings rates, country GDP and GDP growth rates, country demographics, and proportions of people speaking different languages.

G) People’s savings rates are affected by various factors such as their income, education level, age, religious affiliation (隶属关系), their countries’ legal systems, and their cultural values. After those factors were accounted for, the effect of language on people’s savings rates turned out to be big. Speaking a language that has obligatory future markers, such as English, makes people 30 percent less likely to save money for the future. This effect is as large as the effect of unemployment. Being unemployed decreases the likelihood of saving by about 30 percent as well.

H) Similar analyses showed that speaking a language that does not have obligatory future markers, such as Mandarin, makes people accumulate more retirement assets, smoke less, exercise more, and generally be healthier in older age. Countries’ national savings rates are also affected by language. Having a larger proportion of people speaking a language that does not have obligatory future markers makes national savings rates higher.

I) This is an unconventional way of explaining people’s consumption -saving decisions and health-related behavior. More conventional factors include dispositional (意向的), situational, motivational, and cultural factors. The marshmallow studies focus on dispositional factors —being able to delay gratification is an inherent ability. Other researches have looked at situational factors. For example, researchers have shown that simply rearranging the placement of food and beverages (饮料) in a cafeteria can improve sales of healthy items. Other research has focused on motivational factors. People often need to curb their current desire to consume in order to reach their future goal of getting out of debt. Researchers have shown that closing smaller debt accounts first gives a sense of accomplishment early on, boosts motivation, and increases the likelihood of completely getting rid of debt. The motivational effect is beneficial even if closing off smaller debt accounts does not make economic sense, for instance when the bigger debt accounts have higher interest rates attached to them. Other research has investigated cultural factors. It has been argued that Americans spend more than they need to because they want to emulate (仿效) the lifestyles and spending patterns of people who are much richer than themselves. Chen's findings suggest that maybe we should focus more on how we talk about the future in order to improve our intertemporal (跨时期的) decision making. J) These results also provide evidence for the language-cognition link, which has stirred some

controversy among researchers. Early 20th century thinkers such as Ferdinand de Saussure and Ludwig Wittgenstein were among the first who argued that language can impact the way people think and act. More recently, Steven Pinker argued that we think in a universal grammar and languages do not significantly shape our thinking. The issue is still hotly debated.

K) At a more practical level, researchers have been looking for ways to help people act in accordance with their long-term interests. Recent findings suggest that making the future feel closer to the present might improve future-oriented behavior. For instance, researchers recently presented people with renderings of their future selves made using age-progression algorithms(算法) that forecast how physical appearances would change over time. One group of participants saw a digital representation of their current selves in a virtual mirror, and the other group saw an age-morphed version of their future selves. Those participants who saw the age-morphed version of their future selves allocated more money toward a virtual savings account. The intervention brought people’s future to the present and as a result they saved more for the future.

L) Chen’s research shows that language structures our future-related thoughts. Chen’s research points at the possibility that the way we talk about the future can shape our mindsets. Language can move the future back and forth in our mental space and this might have dramatic influences on our judgments and decisions.

46. The famous marshmallow studies suggested that the ability to resist temptation may predict

people’s future success.

47. Because Mandarin speakers feel the future is closer, it is easier for them to resist immediate

impulses and to invest for the future

48. People whose languages distinguish the present and the future weakly form the idea of the future in

a similar way as of the present.

49. Recent studies indicate that future-oriented behavior might be improved by making the future feel

closer to the time being.

50. Speakers of a language whose future markers are obligatory are 30% less likely to save money for

the future.

51. People who delay satisfaction better are more likely to be wealthy and have a healthy life style.

52. Steven Pinker thought we think in a universal grammar and languages do not have an important

effect on shaping our thinking.

53. Researchers focusing on situational factors show that rearranging the placement of food and drinks

in a cafeteria can improve sales of healthy items.

54. Language’s ability to move the future to and fro in our mind might greatly influence our judgments

and decisions.

55. Cultural factors may explain why Americans spend more than they need to.

Section C(共 10 题,每题 2 分,共 20 分)

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should

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装 订 线 decide on the best choice.

注意:此部分请在答题卡上作答。

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claims, the first step is to present the warranty, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to co mplain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim. Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.

Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work a t all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”. The store manager may advice the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer's rights.

56. When a consumer finds that his or her in it, the first thing he or she should do is to ____. A) complain personally to the manager B) threaten to take the matter to court

C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase D) show some written proof of the purchase to the store

57. How can a consumer make his or her complaint more effective, according to the passage? A) Explain exactly what is wrong with the item. B) Threaten to take the seller to court.

C) Make polite and general statements about the problem. D) Avoid having direct contact with the store manager.

58. According to the passage, which of the following is suggested as the last alternative that consumers may turn to?

A) Complain to the store manager in person. B) Complain to the manufacturer.

C) Write a complaint letter to the manager.

D) Turn to the Consumers’ Rights Protection Organization for help.

59. The phrase “live up to” in this context means ____.

A) meet the standard of

B) realize the purpose of

C) fulfill the demands of

D) keep the promise of

60.The passage tells us ____.

A) how to settle a consumer’s complaint about a faulty item

B) how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item

C) how to avoid buying a faulty item

D) how to deal with complaints from customers

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.

If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.

Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get u pset by what the other person has done.

Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to d o again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.

These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.

But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition (悔悟), children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.

61. If a mother adds “but” to an apology, ______.

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装 订 线 A) she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized B) she does not realize that the child has been hurt C) the child may find the apology easier to accept D) the child may feel that he owes her an apology

62. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “______”. A) You have good reason to get upset B) I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame C) I apologize for hurting your feelings D) I’m at fault for making you upset 63. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because ______. A) it gets one into the habit of making empty promises B) it may make the other person feel guilty C) it is vague and ineffective D) it is hurtful and insulting

64. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry______. A) the complexities involved should be ignored B) their ages should be taken into account C) parents need to set them a good example D) parents should be patient and tolerant

65. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is ______. A) a social issue calling for immediate attention B) not necessary among family members C) a sign of social progress D) not as simple as it seems

Part IV Translation (30 minutes) (共1题,每题15分,共15分)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. Y ou should write your answer on Answer Sheet . 注意:此部分请在答题纸上作答。

要想同时成为一名成功的职业妇女和一个称职的母亲,对玛丽而言,不是一件容易的事。

她每天似乎都在和时间赛跑(race the clock )。早上吃点面包和牛奶,她就冲到办公室上班,一天的工作从查看网上的客户(client)邮件开始。回到家,她要照顾儿子,帮他养成(cultivate)良好的习惯。一天工作下来,她想看电视放松一下,但她太累了,好几次看电视的时候都睡着了。

___________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

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