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大学法语第一册期末考试样卷

一、请用法语写出1~20 的数字

二、单词互译

（一）汉译法

介绍工程师电影院迟到转弯离开遗憾的约会马上动身

（二）法译汉

Etudier professeur regreter voiture droite Demain concert vouloir au revoir maintenant

1、Qu’est-ce que tu fais dimanche?

2、On va au cinema?

3、Quelle heare est-il?

4、La place de la bastille, s’il vous plait?

5、Qui est-ce?

6、Quel est son nom?

7、Vous habitez ou?

8、Vous voulez nous quitter?

a Ii est huit heures et demie maintenant.

b Vous allez tout droit.

c Je vais manger avec Michel dimanche.

d Qui, c’est bien.

e Ii est temps de te quitter.

f C’est ma soeur,Emma.

g Nous habitons rue des Ecoles.

h Son nom est Marie.

四、疑问句和否定句

（一）变疑问句

1、C’est loin.

2、Elle est ingenieur.

3、Jacques est en retard.

4、C’est la place de la Bastille.

5、Mademoiselle Duval est en retard. （二）变否定句

1、Je suis en retard.

2、Mathias est ingenieur.

3、C’est ma sour.

4、Nous habitons 10, rue Alexandre Dumas.

5、Je vais manger avec Sandrine.

五、填空

（一）用”avor ”、”manger”、”habiter ”填空1、Je dix-neuf ans.

2、Nous

3、Vous a Beijing.

des exercices a faire.

4、Louis er Simone un bon professeur.

5、Tu avec Emmadimanche?

（二）用适当的冠词填空

1、rue

2、cinema

3 、Jacques a

freire, fr ère de Jacques est ingenieur.

4、Marie a sour, sour de Marie est professeur.

5、Charles a fr ères, fr ères de Charles sont etudiants.

六、翻译下列句子

1、星期日你有什么安排？

2、真遗憾，那下一次吧。

3、我晚了，我得上学去了。

4、您走第一条街往左拐。

5、我们明晚有一个约会。

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C、圈梁可以兼做过梁、当遇有门窗洞口时，需增设附加圈梁建筑构造考试试卷14 、 F列关于构造柱，说法错误的是（ A、构造柱的作用是增强建筑物的整体刚度和稳定性 B 、构造柱可以不与圈梁连接一、单项选择题：（每题2分，共40分） 1、根据《建筑模数协调统一标准》的规定，我国基本模数的数值规定为（ C 、100mm )° 15 、 16 、 17 、 C、构造柱的最小截面尺寸是240mn X80mm 伸缩缝是为了预防（ A、温度变化）对建筑物的不利影响而设置的。 B 、地基不均匀沉降沉降缝的构造做法中要求基础（ A、不断开B 、可断开，也可不断开、构造柱处的墙体宜砌成马牙搓地震D、荷载过大、刚性连接、断开预制钢筋混凝土楼板在承重墙上的搁置长度应不小于 A 1000mm B 2、刚性基础的受力特点是（ A抗拉强度大、抗压强度小C抗剪切强度大D 3、基础埋深不能过浅，至少不能浅于（ A、1000mm B 、800mm 、10mm D 、300mm A、60mm B 、80mm C 、100mm 、120mm 、抗拉、抗压强度均大、抗压强度大、抗拉强度小）mm 、500mm D 、300mm C 4、地下室防潮的外墙外侧应回填不易透水的土壤，这部分回填土的宽度应不少于（ C 、1000mm D ）等几种方式。纵墙承重，内墙承重，外墙承重，横墙承重，纵横墙承重外墙承重，纵横墙承重 ,内墙承重， A、500mm B 5、墙承重结构布置方案可分为（ A、横墙承重， B、纵横墙承重 C、内墙承重， D、半框架承重 18 、 19 、预制钢筋混凝土楼板在梁上的搁置长度应不小于 A、60mm B 、80mm 、100mm 、120mm )mm 、800mm 外墙承重、1000mm 、1500mm 20 、 6、普通粘土砖的规格为（ A 240mm< 120mm< 60mm C 240mm< 115mm< 53mm 7、外墙与室外地坪接触的部分叫 A、勒脚 B 、散水、240mn K 110mn K 55mm 、240mn K 115mn K 55mm )° 、明沟 D 、暗沟般建筑雨棚跳出的长度为（）° A、 1500mm B 、1200mm C 、2100mm D 、1800mm 阳台按结构形式不同可分为（） A、凹阳台，凸阳台 B、封闭阳台, 、填空题：（每空1分，共20分） 1、人工地基的加工方法有三大类，即压实法、开敞阳台C、板式阳台，梁板式阳台 2、基础底面下可设置垫层，垫层多用低强度等级的或三合土，厚度侧加宽mm 3、墙身防潮层根据设置的位置不同分为防潮层和 D、生活阳台，服务阳 mm 防潮层。 4、圈梁补救方法是在该洞口上方或下方增设一道附加圈梁与被中断的主圈梁搭接，两端搭的长度L时两8、当室内地面和垫层为不透水材料时, 其水墙身水平防潮层的位置应设在（的高度h而定，即，且 A垫层高度范围内 B.室内地面以下60mm处5、房屋建筑中的变形缝分为三种。C垫层标高以下、平齐或高于室内地面面层6、填充墙应与两侧的框架柱有可靠的连接，拉结筋为，长度为带弯钩 9、砖砌窗台的出挑尺寸一般为 A 60mm B 、90mm C 、120mm D 、180mm 10、外窗台面应低于内窗台面，且应做成外倾坡以利于排水，该坡度应不小于（）的坡面。筋制成，间距视填充墙砌块厚度和皮数而定, 地埋在砌块的灰缝中。 7、楼板层主要有三部分组成: 也就是要求在左右范围内使拉结筋均能恰 11 、 12 、 13 、 A 1% B 、2% C 、3% D 、5% 钢筋混凝土门窗过梁应伸进墙内的支承长度不小于（ A 60mm B 、120mm C 、250mm 基础圈梁可设在任何位置，但最咼不得超过室内地坪下（ A 60mm B 、120mm C 、250mm 、370mm )处° 、370mm &楼板层的最底部构造是顶棚，顶棚分为三、判断题：（每题1分，共5 分） 1、建筑物的等级按照耐久年限划分为三级。 2、地基分为人工地基和天然地基两大类。两种。 F列关于圈梁，说法错误的是（般情况下，圈梁必须封闭 B. 过梁可以兼做圈梁 3、位于建筑物下部支承建筑物重量的土壤层叫基础。 4、按构造要求，过梁必须是连续闭合的。 5、根据钢筋混凝土楼板的施工方法不同可分为现浇式、装配式、装配整体式。

研究生英语期末考试试卷

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A. some modern women prefer a life of individual freedom. B. the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day Europe. C. some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonely. D. Most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To review the impact of women becoming high earners. B. To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism. C. To examine the trend of young people living alone. D. To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships. Passage Two American dramas and sitcoms would have been candidates for prime time several years ago. But those programs －though some remain popular －increasingly occupy fringe times slots on foreign networks. Instead, a growing number of shows produced by local broadcasters are on the air at the best times. The shift counters longstanding assumptions that TV shows produced in the United States would continue to overshadow locally produced shows from Singapore to Sicily. The changes are coming at a time when the influence of the United States on international affairs has annoyed friends and foes alike, and some people are expressing relief that at least on television American culture is no longer quite the force it once was. “There has always been a concern that the image of the world would be shaped too much by American culture,” said Dr. Jo Groebek, director general of the European Institu te for the Media, a non-profit group. Given the choice, he adds, foreign viewers often prefer homegrown shows that better reflect local tastes, cultures and historical events. Unlike in the United States, commercial broadcasting in most regions of the world －including Asia, Europe, and a lesser extent Latin America, which has a long history of commercial TV －is a relatively recent development. A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state-subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. “The studio priced themselves out of prime time,” said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. Mr. Sloan estimates that over the last decade, the price of American programs has increased fivefold even as the international ratings for these shows have declined. American broadcasters are still the biggest buyers of American-made television shows, accounting for 90% of the $25 billion in 2001 sales. But international sales which totaled $2.5 billion last year often make the difference between a profit and a loss on show. As the pace of foreign sales slows －the market is now growing at 5% a year, down from the double-digit growth of the 1990’s －studio executives are rethinking production costs. 6. Which of the following best characterizes the image embodied in American shows? A. Self-contradictory B. Prejudice-free C. Culture-loaded D. Audience-targeted 7. The intervention of governments in the 1980’s resulted in __________ . A. the patenting of domination shows and movies B. the emergence of new commercial networks C. the promotion of cable and satellite pay-television D. the intense competition coming from the outside 8. The phrase “on a shoestring” (Para. 6) most probably means __________. A. in need of capital B. after a fashion C. on second thoughts D. in the interests of themselves 9. The main reason why American dramas and sitcoms are driven out of prime time is that ____. A. they lose competitiveness B. they are not market-oriented C. they are too much priced D. they fall short of audience expectations 10. American studio producers will give thought to production costs __________. A. if they have no access to popular shows B. because their endeavors come to no avail C. since bidding wars are no longer fierce D. as international sales pace slows down Passage Three How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales 1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.

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