考研英语 水平测试试卷

English Qualification Examination PaperFor the Postgraduates of Information Engineering UniversityPaper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 25 points)Section 1:Directions: In this section, you are going to listen to an IT professional discussing the dangers of the internet. Before you listen, look at questions one to ten. The conversation will be read only once.Questions 1--7Complete the table below. Write no more than three words for each answer.Questions 8--10Choose the correct letters A-C.8. What do email service providers do to protect you?A. issue expensive phone billsB. provide filter functionsC. provide an identity9. How do offenders avoid detection?A. They take a lot from many people.B. They take a little from one person.C. They take a little from many people.10. Who can you seek for assistance?A. the victimsB. institutions and organizationsC. an internet officeSection 2: PassagesDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Passage 111. A. How babies differentiate between the sound of the human voice and other sounds.B. The differences between a baby’s and an adult’s ability to comprehend language.C. How babies perceive and respond to the human voice in their early stages of languagedevelopment.D. The response of a baby to sounds other than the human voice.12. A. To contrast the reactions of babies to human and nonhuman sounds.B. To give examples of sounds that will cause a baby to cry.C. To explain how babies distinguish between different nonhuman sounds.D. To give examples of typical toys that babies do not like.13. A. Babies who are exposed to more than one language can acquire language earlier than thoseto a single language.B. Mothers from different cultures speak to their babies in a similar way.C. The mothers observed by the researchers were consciously teaching their babies to speak.D. Babies ignore facial expressions in comprehending their parents’ language.14. A. They understand the rhythm.B. They enjoy the sounds of them.C. They can remember them easily.D. They focus on their parents’ work.Passage 215. A. The new system the immigration office hasB. The tips for applicants to line upC. The information immigrants have to provideD. The procedure applicants have to obey16. A. They are scared of the thieves.B. They are more careful than before.C. They are afraid of being sent back home.D. There are no thieves now.17. A. They start lining up outside the building at 6:00 p.m.B. They can finish their application in an hour.C. They have to make an appointment 15 minutes before.D. 40 applicants can be processed in an hour.Passage 318. A. It won’t have any side-effectB. It can be as effective as conventional treatmentsC. It can kill drug-resistant tumoursD. It can stop cancer cells from spreading in the body19. A. How to strengthen the body’s immune systemB. How to inject viruses directly into tumoursC. How to allow viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs doD. How to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours effectively20. A. To use it to cure 75% of the patients with malignant cancersB. To apply it to treat all kinds of cancersC. To make it accepted by the patients with incurable cancersD. To apply it to those with secondary cancersSection 3: Compound DictationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.From a personal 21. _______, to doing searches on the Internet, to the autopilot function, simple artificial intelligence, or AI, has been around for some time, but is quickly getting more 22. _______ and more intelligent.“If we are going to make systems that are going to be more intelligent than us, it’s absolutely essential for us to understand how to absolutely 23. _______ that they only do things that we are happy with.”Computer science professor Stuart Russell says, many present-day jobs that are labor 24. _______, or require data analysis, such as in the financial industry, will be replaced by machines with artificial intelligence.“But if we replaced all the jobs that require human physical labor and then we replace all the jobs that require human mental labor, then you have to ask about what, what’s left?”Guruduth Banavar of IBM sees a future in which new jobs skills will be 25. _______.“The future will require everybody to work with these learning reasoning machines. So I think the skill set for many of these jobs will end up being different in the future.”Russell envisions that AI will change the economy and the 26. _______life.“Most people will be employed, possibly even self-employed, in providing 27. _______ personal services to other human beings, that we won’t have mass employment in manufacturing or in financial services. The kinds of scenarios where there is a giant factory or a giant office building with thousands of people doing the same thing will go away.”Artificial intelligence is already transforming the health care industry. AI can process huge 28. _______ data and have the most up-to-date research to help doctors diagnose and treat patients. IBM’s Watson 29. _______________________________________________________ in North and South America, Europe and Asia.“The difference between going to a doctor who has Wats on versus not having Watson is very big, because when you go to a doctor today you might find somebody who is 10 years out of date.”But there is also a dangerous side of artificial intelligence-autonomous weapons out of drone technology .“The risk with a utonomous weapons is that people will use them as a kind of poor man’s weapon of mass destruction-a poor man’s nuclear weapon.”Russell says 30. _______________________________________________ to ban this type of weapon.“It is a race against time because the weapons are starting to emerge, the research is moving into development, development is moving into production.”While it is up for debate whether artificial intelligence will hurt or benefit mankind, researchers say, it is a fact that 31. __________________________________________________ many aspects of life.Part II Reading Comprehension (25 minutes, 15 points)AI-spyARTIFICIAL intelligence (AI) is barging its way into business. As our special report this week explains, firms of all types are harnessing AI to forecast demand, hire workers and deal with customers. In 2017 companies spent around $22bn on AI related mergers and acquisitions, about 26 times more than in 2015. The McKinsey Global Institute, a think-tank, reckons that just applying AI to marketing, sales and supply chains could create economic value, including profits and efficiencies, of $2.7trn over the next 20 years. Google’s boss has gone so far as to declare that AI will do more for humanity than fire or electricity.Such forecasts kindle anxiety as well as hope. Many fret that AI could destroy jobs faster than it creates them. Barriers to entry from owning and generating data could lead to a handful of dominant firms in every industry.Less familiar, but just as important, is how AI will transform the workplace. Using AI, managers can gain extraordinary control over their employees. Amazon has patented a wristband that tracks the hand movements of warehouse workers and uses vibrations to make them more efficient. Workday, a software firm, sums up around 60 factors to predict which employees will leave. Humanyze, a startup, sells smart ID cards that can track employees around the office and reveal how well they interact with colleagues.Surveillance at work is nothing new. Factory workers have long clocked in and out; bosses can already see what idle workers do on their computers. But AI makes surveillance worthwhile, because every bit of data is potentially valuable. Few laws govern how data are collected at work, and many employees unguardedly consent to surveillance when they sign their employment contract. Where does all this lead?Start with the benefits. AI ought to improve productivity. Slack, a workplace messaging app, helps managers assess how quickly employees accomplish tasks. Companies will see when workers are not just dozing off but also misbehaving.Employees will gain, too. Thanks to strides in computer vision, AI can check that workers are wearing safety gear and that no one has been harmed on the factory floor. Some will appreciate more feedback on their work and welcome a sense of how to do better.Machines can help ensure that pay rises and promotions go to those who deserve them. That starts with hiring. People often have biases but algorithms, if designed correctly, can be more impartial. Software can mark patterns that people might miss. Textio, a startup that uses AI to improve job descriptions, has found that women are likelier to respond to a job that mentions “developing” a team rather than “managing” one. Algor ithms will pick up differences in pay between genders and races, as well as sexual harassment and racism that human managers consciously or unconsciously overlook.Yet AI’s benefits will come with many potential drawbacks. Algorithms may not be free of the biases of their programmers. They can also have unintended consequences. The length of a commute may predict whether an employee will quit a job, but this focus may inadvertently harm poorer applicants. Older staff might work more slowly than younger ones and could risk losing their positions if all AI looks for is productivity.And surveillance may make us feel being controlled. People have begun to question how much Facebook and other tech giants know about their private lives. Companies are starting to monitor how much time employees spend on breaks. Veriato, a software firm, goes so far as to track and log every keystroke employees make on their computers in order to judge how committed they are to their company. Firms can use AI to sift through not just employ ees’ professional communications but their social-media profiles, too.Some people are better placed than others to stop employers going too far. If your skills are in demand, you are more likely to be able to resist than if you are easy to replace. Paid-by-the-hour workers in low-wage industries such as retailing will be especially vulnerable. That could fuel a revival of labour unions seeking to represent employees’ interests and to set norms. Even then, the choice in some jobs will be between being replaced by a robot or being treated like one.As regulators and employers weigh the pros and cons of AI in the workplace, three principles ought to guide its spread. First, data should be anonymised where possible. Microsoft, for example, has a product that shows individuals how they manage their time in the office, but gives managers information only in aggregated form. Second, the use of AI ought to be transparent. Employees should be told what technologies are being used in their work places and which data are being gathered. As a matter of routine, algorithms used by firms to hire, fire and promote should be tested for bias and unintended consequences. Last, countries should let individuals request their own data, whether they are ex-workers wishing to contest a dismissal or jobseekers hoping to demonstrate their ability to prospective employers.The march of AI into the workplace calls for trade-offs between privacy and performance. A fairer, more productive workforce is a prize worth having, but not if it restricts and dehumanizes employees. Striking a balance will require thought, a willingness for both employers and employees to adapt, and a strong dose of humanity.Section A: Questions 32-36 (5×1=5 points)Directions: Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In blanks 32-36 on your answer sheet, chooseA for TRUE if the statement agrees with the information.B for FALSE if the statement contradicts the information.C for NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.32.Google’s boss has gone too far to declare that AI will do more for humanity than fi re orelectricity.33.People are worried that with the development of AI, every industry will be controlled by onlya few companies because obstacles exist in owning and generating data.34.Many employees disagree with the surveillance when they sign their employment contract.35.Algorithms, if designed correctly, can entirely avoid biases in workplace.bour unions seeking to represent employe es’ inte rests oppose the application of AI inworkplace.Section B: Questions 37-44 (8×1=8 points)Directions: Complete the summary below. Write ONE WORD ONL Y from the passage for each blank. Write your answers in blanks 37-44 on your answer sheet.37.Predictions on AI brought us not only _______, but also hope.38.__________ at work has existed for a long time. For example, time recorders are widely usedin factories and offices; workers are observed by their bosses on computers.39.Machines can help ensure _________ in pay rises and promotions if algorithms are designedcorrectly.40.If your skills are not in demand, you will be especially _________, and are less likely to beable to resist the surveillance.41.In ________ the pros and cons of AI in the workplace, three principles ought to be consideredto guide its spread.42.To keep personal privacy, data should be __________ where possible.43.Individuals should be allowed to _______ their own data, no matter they are ex-workers orjobseekers.44.The application of AI in the workplace calls for a _________ between privacy and efficiency.Section C: Question 45 (2 points)Directions: Paraphrase the following sentence. Write your answer in the blank 45 on your answer sheet.45. The choice in some jobs will be between being replaced by a robot or being treated like one.______________________________________________________________________________ ———————————————————————————————————————Part III. Translation (40 minutes, 20 points)Section A (20 minutes, 10 points)46.Directions: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version on the Answer Sheet.A claim more often made by mathematicians is that mathematics is one of the finest flowerings of the human spirit, a temple of enduring knowledge built piece by piece over the ages. But if so it is a temple with few worshipers, unknown to most of humankind. Mathematics plays no role in mass culture, it cannot evoke the emotions and inspire the awe that music and sculpture do, it is not a significant companion in the lives of more than a very few. And yet it is worth asking whether mathematics is essentially remote, or merely poorly communicated. Perhaps it is a remediable ignorance, not an inability that now limits appreciation and enjoyment of mathematics by a wider audience.Section B(20 minutes, 10 points)47.Directions: Translate the following paragraph into English. Write your English version on the Answer Sheet.物联网是由物理对象，例如：设备、车辆和建筑等等，连接而成的网络。

英语考研考试真题试卷一、听力理解（共30分）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. After each question, there will be a short pause. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. For each question, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D).Conversation 1:M: Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest subway station is?W: Sure, just go straight ahead and turn left at the second traffic light.Question: What is the man most likely to do next?A) Go to the subway station.B) Turn right at the second traffic light.C) Ask for directions to a bus stop.D) Go straight and turn right.Answer: A) Go to the subway station.[Continue with 9 more short conversations and 2 long conversations with questions.]Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D).Passage 1:[A short passage about a new policy on recycling in a city.]Question: What is the main purpose of the new policy?A) To encourage citizens to recycle more.B) To save money on waste management.C) To beautify the city.D) To reduce traffic congestion.Answer: A) To encourage citizens to recycle more.[Continue with 2 more short passages and questions.]二、阅读理解（共40分）Part ADirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the one that best fits the passage.Passage 1:[A passage about the benefits of bilingualism.]Question 1: What is the main idea of the passage?A) Bilingualism can cause confusion.B) Bilingualism has cognitive benefits.C) Bilingualism is difficult to achieve.D) Bilingualism is only beneficial for children.Answer: B) Bilingualism has cognitive benefits.[Continue with 3 more passages and questions.]Part BDirections: In this part, you will read one longer passage with more complex questions. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D).Passage:[A passage about the impact of technology on education.]Question 1: According to the passage, what is one of the major impacts of technology on education?A) It has made education more accessible.B) It has increased the cost of education.C) It has reduced the need for teachers.D) It has limited the scope of subjects taught.Answer: A) It has made education more accessible.[Continue with the remaining questions for this passage.]三、完形填空（共15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices: A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE that best fits the meaning of the passage.[A passage about a personal experience or a story with several blanks to be filled.]Example:In my childhood, I had a dream to become a __________.A) teacherB) doctorC) astronautD) musicianAnswer: C) astronaut[Continue with the passage and blanks.]四、翻译（共15分）Section ADirections: Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. Make sure your translation is accurate and fluent.1. The rapid development of technology has changed our way of life.2. Environmental protection is a global issue that concerns everyone.[Provide translations.]Section BDirections: Translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. Make sure your translation is accurate and fluent.1. 随着经济的快速发展，人们的生活水平不断提高。

1、Which of the following is NOT a type of conditional sentence in English grammar?A. Zero conditionalB. First conditionalC. Second conditionalD. Absolute conditional (答案：D)2、In academic writing, which verb tense is typically used to describe actions or states that are generally true or always happening?A. Present simpleB. Past simpleC. Present continuousD. Future perfect (答案：A)3、Which phrase is used to express contrast between two ideas in a sentence?A. In spite ofB. Because ofC. Due toD. As a result of (答案：A)4、What is the purpose of a thesis statement in a research paper?A. To summarize the entire paperB. To provide background informationC. To state the main argument or point of the paperD. To list the sources used in the paper (答案：C)5、Which of the following is an example of a transitive verb?A. SleepB. ArriveC. WriteD. Laugh (答案：C)6、In a formal email, which of the following greetings is appropriate?A. Hey there!B. Hi,C. Dear [Recipient's Name],D. Yo! (答案：C)7、Which pronoun is used to refer to a non-specific person or thing, often used in general statements?A. OneB. TheyC. ItD. You (答案：A)8、Which of the following is a common mistake in sentence structure known as a "dangling modifier"?A. Walking to the park, the flowers were beautiful.B. After finishing her homework, she watched a movie.C. Seen from the top of the mountain, the view was breathtaking.D. Driving carefully, the car reached its destination. (答案：A)。

考研英语历年真题测评题### 考研英语历年真题测评题#### 阅读理解Passage 1In recent years, the impact of technology on education has been profound. With the rise of online courses and digital resources, traditional classroom settings are evolving. The question arises: are these changes beneficial or detrimental to the learning experience?Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. How has technology influenced education according to the passage?3. What is the author's stance on the changes brought about by technology?Passage 2Biodiversity is a critical aspect of our planet's health. However, human activities have led to a significant loss of species and habitats. Conservation efforts are essential to preserve the balance of ecosystems for future generations.Questions:1. What is the main concern of the passage?2. What are the consequences of the loss of biodiversity mentioned in the passage?3. What action does the author suggest to address this issue?#### 完形填空The importance of a balanced diet cannot be overstated. It is not just about consuming a variety of foods; it's also about understanding the nutritional value of each food item. Awell-rounded diet can 1 boost immunity, 2 reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and 3 enhance overall well-being.1. A. significantly2. B. marginally3. C. minimally#### 翻译Translate the following sentence into English:“随着全球化的不断深入，跨国公司的经营策略越来越受到国际经济环境的影响。

考研英语水平试题及答案全解下面是小编整理的英语试题，欢迎大家前来查看。

Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it.Humans are thoughtful and creative，possessed of insatiable curiosity.(61)Furthermore，humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live，thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.Therefore，it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner，with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth.“Anthropology”derives from the Green wo rds anthropos“human”and logos“the study of”.By its very name，anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.Anthropology is one of the social sciences.(62)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned，orderly，systematic，and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.Social science disciplines include geography，economics，political science，psychology，and sociology.Each of thesesoical sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity.Anthropology is a fieldstudy oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.(63)The emphasis on data gathered firsthand，combined with a crosscultural perspective brought to theanalysis of cultures past and present，makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture.Sir Edward Tylor’s formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of19th century science.(64)Tylor defined culture as“…that complex whole which includes belief，art，morals，law，custom，and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society”.This insight，so profound in its simplicity，opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understa nding human life.Implicit within Tylor’s definition is the concept that culture is learned，shared，and patterned behavior.(65)Thus，the anthropological concept of“culture”，like the concept of“set”in mathematics，is an abstract concept whichmakes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.翻译题解：61) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.句子分析：第一、句子可以拆分为两段：Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, / thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.第二、句子的结构是：1)这是个主句+分词短语表示伴随状态的结构：humans have the ability to modify... thus subjecting ...2) the environment in which they live是先行词+定语从句。

考研英语检测试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. The word "innovate" is most closely related to which of the following words?A. CreateB. RepeatC. CopyD. Destroy2. Which of the following is NOT a synonym for "abundant"?A. AmpleB. ScarceC. PlentifulD. Copious3. In the context of a research paper, what does "hypothesis" mean?A. A proven factB. A proposed explanationC. A conclusionD. A question4. Which of the following is the correct form of the verb "to be" in the past tense for the third person singular?A. WasB. WereC. AmD. Is5. The phrase "at the mercy of" implies that someone is:A. In controlB. ProtectedC. HelplessD. Unaffected6. Which of the following is a compound word?A. LaptopB. BookC. TreeD. House7. The word "facetious" is an antonym for:A. SeriousB. HumorousC. SincereD. Dull8. The phrase "break even" in business terms means:A. To make a profitB. To lose moneyC. To neither make a profit nor a lossD. To go bankrupt9. In a sentence, the word "however" is used to:A. Introduce a new topicB. Add informationC. Show contrastD. Emphasize a point10. The word "peruse" means:A. To glance at quicklyB. To read thoroughlyC. To ignoreD. To skim答案：1. A2. B3. B4. A5. C6. A7. A8. C9. C10. B二、多项选择题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. Which of the following words can be used to describe someone who is very careful with money?A. FrugalB. ExtravagantC. ThriftyD. Prodigal2. Select the words that are related to the field of biology:A. FloraB. FaunaC. GeologyD. Botany3. Which of the following phrases are used to describe aperson's physical appearance?A. Tall and slenderB. Short and stoutC. Fast and furiousD. Calm and collected4. Choose the words that are associated with the concept of "time":A. EraB. EpochC. CenturyD. Kilometer5. Which of the following are types of literature?A. NovelB. BiographyC. AutobiographyD. Dictionary6. Select the words that can be used to describe a person who is very talkative:A. GlibB. TaciturnC. LoquaciousD. Reserved7. Which of the following are considered forms of non-verbal communication?A. Facial expressionsB. Body languageC. Written wordsD. Gestures8. Choose the words that are related to the concept of "speed":A. VelocityB. AccelerationC. DecelerationD. Mass9. Select the words that are associated with the field of physics:A. ForceB. GravityC. CurrentD. Syntax10. Which of the following are considered forms of energy?A. SolarB. ThermalC. NuclearD. Musical答案：1. A, C2. A, B, D3. A, B4. A, B, C5. A, B, C6. A, C7. A, B, D8. A, B, C9. A, B10. A, B, C三、判断题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. The word "antediluvian" means something that is very old or outdated. (T/F)2. "Biannual" means twice a year. (T/F)3. "Disinterested" means not interested. (T/F)4. "Euphemism" is a term used to describe a harsh or blunt statement. (T/F)5. "Homogeneous" refers to something that is uniform or similar throughout. (T/F)6. "Juxtapose" means to place two things side by side for comparison. (T/F)7. "Mellifluous" is a word used to describe a harsh or grating sound. (T/F)8. "Nonchalant" means being very concerned or anxious. (T/F)9. "Paradox" is a statement that is clearly false or nonsensical. (T/F)10. "Synecdoche" is a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole. (T/F)答案：1. T2. T3. F4. F5. T6. T7. F8. F9. F10. T四、简答题（每题 5 分，共 20 分）1. Define the term "satire" in literature.2. Explain the difference between "active" and "passive" voice in English grammar.3. What is the purpose of using "metaphors" in writing?4. Describe the role of "thesis statement" in an academic essay.答案：1. Satire is a genre of literature that uses humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.2. In English grammar, the active voice is when the subject of the sentence performs the action (e.g., "The dog chased the cat."), while the passive voice is when the subject of the sentence is acted upon by the verb (e.g., "The cat was chased by the dog.").3. Metaphors are used in writing to create vivid imagery and to convey complex ideas or emotions in a concise and impactful way. They compare two unlike things to highlighttheir similarities, often adding depth and richness to the text.4. A thesis statement in an academic essay is a clear, concise statement that presents the main argument or point of the paper. It serves as a roadmap for the reader, outlining the writer's position and guiding the overall structure and development of the essay.五、讨论题（每题 5 分，共 20 分）1. Discuss the importance of vocabulary building in mastering English.2. What are the challenges faced by non-native English speakers when learning English, and how can these challenges be overcome?3. How does the use of idioms in English affect international communication?4. What role does cultural context play in the interpretation of English literature?答案：1. Vocabulary building is crucial in mastering English as it allows for more precise expression and better comprehension.A rich vocabulary enables individuals to engage in more sophisticated discussions, understand complex texts, and express thoughts with nuance. It also enhances the ability towrite and speak with clarity and confidence.2. Non-native English speakers often face challenges such as pronunciation difficulties, understanding idiomatic expressions, and grasping grammatical structures different from their native language. These challenges can be overcome through consistent practice, exposure to native speakers, using language learning tools, and immersing oneself in English-speaking environments.3. The use of idioms in English can be both enriching and challenging for international communication. While idioms can add color and depth to language, they can also create confusion for non-native speakers who may not understandtheir meanings. Clear explanations, context clues, and the use of simpler language can help bridge this gap.4. Cultural context plays a significant role in the interpretation of English literature as it provides insights into the values, beliefs, and historical backdrops that shape the narratives. Understanding the cultural context can enhance the appreciation of themes, characters, and motifs, and it can also reveal the universality of human experiences across different cultures.。

研究生考试考研英语(一201)自测试卷与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Part A: Cloze TestIn the modern globalized world, environmental issues have become a major concern for both individuals and societies. The following passage discusses various aspects of environmental protection. Fill in each blank with the most suitable word to complete the passage. Choose the best answer from the options given.Interest in 1 (A) wildlife conservation B) natural resources (C) global warming D) renewable energy has been growing rapidly in recent years. Concerns about the impact of human activity on the planet have led to increased 2 (A) public awareness (B) climate change (C) pollution levels (D) deforestation rates. Here are a few strategies that can help individuals and communities contribute to environmental protection.Firstly, 3 (A) reducing B) global warming (C) water consumption D) energy use is crucial. By simply turning off lights and using energy-efficient appliances, we can lower our carbon footprint and slow down the rate of climate change.Secondly, it is essential to 4 (A) recycle B) conserve water (C) buy local products (D) promote sustainable practices. Recycling not only reduces theamount of waste that goes into landfills but also saves resources and energy.Another significant step is to 5 (A) support B) educate C) protect wildlife D) promote conservation. Protecting natural habitats and preventing the illegal trade of wildlife species are vital for maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance.Moreover, 6 (A) balanced diets B) transportation alternatives (C) public transportation (D) local markets play a crucial role in reducing our environmental impact. By choosing public transportation over personal vehicles or opting for bike rides instead of car journeys, we can significantly decrease air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.In addition to individual actions, 7 (A) companies B) governments C) international agreements (D) non-profit organizations must also commit to sustainable practices. Policies that promote renewable energy and limit harmful emissions are essential for a healthier planet.Furthermore, it’s important to 8 (A) raise awareness B) follow regulations (C) maintain a positive attitude D) reduce consumption. By spreading information about the importance of environmental protection and encouraging others to take action, we can create a more sustainable future.Lastly, 9 (A) education B) innovation (C) research D) activism are key components of environmental protection. Investing in educational programs that teach about conservation and sustainable living is essential for cultivating a sense of responsibility among future generations.While it’s easy to feel helpless in the face of global challenges, it is important to remember that every individual 10 (A) contributes B) reduces C) recycles D) conserves has the power to make a difference.1.C) global warming2.A) public awareness3.A) reducing4.A) recycle5.C) protect wildlife6.B) transportation alternatives7.B) governments8.A) raise awareness9.A) education10.A) contributes二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）First QuestionReading PassageIn the realm of higher education, the concept of lifelong learning has gained significant traction over the past few decades. The rapid pace of technological advancement and the ever-evolving job market have necessitated a shift from the traditional model of education, where learning is confined to the early years of one’s life. Today, individuals are encouraged to engage in continuouseducation throughout their careers to stay relevant and competitive. Lifelong learning encompasses formal, non-formal, and informal learning experiences that contribute to personal and professional growth.The benefits of embracing lifelong learning are manifold. On a personal level, it fosters intellectual curiosity, enhances problem-solving skills, and promotes mental agility. Professionally, it equips individuals with the latest knowledge and skills required to adapt to new challenges and opportunities in the workplace. Furthermore, lifelong learning can lead to career advancement, increased job satisfaction, and better quality of life.However, the pursuit of lifelong learning also presents several challenges. One of the primary obstacles is the time commitment required to pursue additional education while balancing work and personal responsibilities. Financial constraints can also be a significant barrier, especially when it comes to accessing high-quality educational resources. Despite these challenges, the value of lifelong learning cannot be overstated, and many organizations now offer flexible learning options such as online courses and workshops to support their employees’ development.As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the importance of lifelong learning will only continue to grow. It is essential for both individuals and societies to embrace this concept to thrive in the global economy. By fostering a culture of continuous improvement and learning, we can ensure that our workforce remains adaptable and resilient in the face of change.Questions1、What is the main idea of the passage?A) The challenges of lifelong learningB) The importance and benefits of lifelong learningC) The role of technology in educationD) The impact of globalization on educationAnswer: B) The importance and benefits of lifelong learning2、According to the passage, what is one benefit of lifelong learning ona personal level?A) Increased financial stabilityB) Improved interpersonal relationshipsC) Enhanced problem-solving skillsD) Greater social statusAnswer: C) Enhanced problem-solving skills3、Which of the following is mentioned as a challenge to lifelong learning?A) Lack of motivationB) Difficulty in finding suitable coursesC) Time commitment and financial constraintsD) Inadequate support from employersAnswer: C) Time commitment and financial constraints4、How do organizations support lifelong learning according to the passage?A) By offering scholarshipsB) By providing flexible learning optionsC) By mandating annual training sessionsD) By reducing work hours for study purposesAnswer: B) By providing flexible learning options5、What does the author suggest about the future of lifelong learning?A) It will become less important as technology advancesB) It will be a requirement for all jobsC) Its significance will increase due to global interconnectivityD) It will be replaced by artificial intelligenceAnswer: C) Its significance will increase due to global interconnectivity 第二题Passage:In the heart of the bustling city, there stood an old, ivy-covered mansion. This mansion, known as the Heritage House, had been a witness to countless historical events. Over the years, it had been the home of various prominent figures, each leaving their unique mark on the house. The mansion’s grand library, filled with thousands of rare books and artifacts, was a treasure trove of knowledge.One sunny afternoon, a young historian named Emma arrived at the Heritage House. She had been researching a particular era of history for her thesis and believed that the Heritage House held the key to unlocking some of its mysteries. As she wandered through the library, she stumbled upon a dusty, leather-boundjournal. The journal belonged to a man named Sir Thomas, who had lived in the mansion during the Victorian era.Emma spent the next few hours poring over the journal. The entries were filled with vivid descriptions of daily life during the 19th century, as well as Sir Thomas’s observations on the changes occurring around him. The journal also contained several sketches and maps, which Emma found particularly intriguing. She was certain that these would provide valuable insights into the historical context of the mansion.1、Emma arrived at the Heritage House to:A. Attend a historical lectureB. Conduct research for her thesisC. Visit a friend who lived thereD. Take a tour of the mansion2、What did Emma discover in the library?A. A collection of modern novelsB. A rare collection of coinsC. A journal from the Victorian eraD. An antique vase3、Emma believed that the Heritage House held the key to:A. The secrets of a hidden treasureB. The mysteries of a famous personC. The secrets of a rival historianD. The history of the city4、The journal belonged to a man named:A. Sir CharlesB. Sir GeorgeC. Sir ThomasD. Sir William5、Emma found the journal entries particularly valuable because they:A. Contained recipes from the 19th centuryB. Described the mansion’s restoration processC. Provided insights into daily life during the Victorian eraD. Revealed the mansion’s architectural secretsAnswers:1、B2、C3、D4、C5、CThird Question (30 points)Passage:Portfolio Medicine: A New Approach to HealthcareIn recent years, “portfolio medicine” has emerged as a promising new approach to personalized healthcare. Unlike traditional medical care that often treatssymptoms and diseases, portfolio medicine focuses on an individual’s overall health, including their physical, emotional, and social well-being. This approach emphasizes proactive health management and the prevention of diseases rather than just reacting to them. Patients are encouraged to take charge of their own health by adopting healthy lifestyle changes, participating in regular health screenings, and seeking support from a range of healthcare professionals. Doctors in portfolio medicine are seen as health coaches who guide patients on their health journey. This change in approach requires a significant shift in both patient and doctor perspectives, one that recognizes the complexity of the human body and the importance of individualized care.Questions:1、What is the main focus of portfolio medicine?Answer: The main fo cus of portfolio medicine is on an individual’s overall health, including their physical, emotional, and social well-being.2、What is a key difference between traditional medical care and portfolio medicine?Answer: Unlike traditional medical care that often treats symptoms and diseases, portfolio medicine focuses on proactive health management and the prevention of diseases rather than just reacting to them.3、How do patients participate in portfolio medicine?Answer: Patients are encouraged to take charge of their own health by adopting healthy lifestyle changes, participating in regular health screenings, andseeking support from a range of healthcare professionals.4、What role do doctors play in portfolio medicine?Answer: Doctors in portfolio medicine are seen as health coaches who guide patients on their health journey.5、What shift does portfolio medicine require in both patient and doctor perspectives?Answer: This change in approach requires a significant shift in both patient and doctor perspectives, one that recognizes the complexity of the human body and the importance of individualized care.This should meet the requirement for the specified format and content.第四题Leaders of developed nations are convened in the World Economic Forum annual meeting to discuss global issues, economic trends, and future strategies. This year’s meeting focuses on the theme “Shaping the Future: Global Contribution through Innovation.” The following article examines some key points raised during the forum.After a year marked by geopolitical instability and economic uncertainty, leaders at the World Economic Forum annual meeting in Davos are seeking ways to reinvigorate global growth and foster sustainable development. The meeting brings together policymakers, business leaders, and thinkers from around the world to discuss challenges and opportunities. Here are some of the key takeaways from the forum:1.The gig economy is here to stay, but it needs regulation.2.Climate change remains a major threat, and immediate action is needed.cation systems must adapt to prepare students for the jobs of the future.4.Inequality is widening, and it poses a threat to social stability.5.Technology is a driver of both innovation and disruption, and policies must be in place to manage both.Question 1: What is the main focus of this year’s World Economic Forum annual meeting?A) Geopolitical instabilityB) Economic growth strategiesC) Education system improvementsD) Technology and climate changeQuestion 2: Which of the following issues does the article mention as needing to be regulated?A) Climate changeB) InequalityC) The gig economyD) Education systemsQuestion 3: According to the article, what is the primary threat posed by climate change?A) Economic instabilityB) Social instabilityC) Job displacementD) Aging populationsQuestion 4: The article suggests that education systems need to adapt in order to do what?A) Control climate changeB) Battle inequalityC) Create regulations for the gig economyD) Prepare students for future jobsQuestion 5: What is the main concern regarding technology mentioned in the article?A) It could disrupt existing industries.B) It could lead to a decline in employment.C) It could widen the gap between rich and poor.D) All of the above.Answers:1.B) Economic growth strategies2.C) The gig economy3.B) Social instability4.D) Prepare students for future jobs5.D) All of the above.三、阅读理解新题型（10分）Graduate Entrance Examination - English Test (Code 201)Section III: Reading Comprehension New TypeDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)Text:In recent years, the concept of ‘smart cities’ has gained significant traction across the globe. The idea is to use technology and data to improve urban services, reduce costs and resource consumption, and engage more effectively with citizens. A smart city is characterized by its use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to enhance quality and performance of urban services, to reduce costs and resource consumption, and to increase contact between citizens and government. Of particular importance are smart energy systems, which can help to manage electricity demand and supply, and smart transportation systems, which can optimize traffic flow and reduce congestion.However, the development of smart cities faces several challenges. One major issue is the digital divide, which refers to the gap between those who have access to modern information and communication services and those who do not. This divide can exacerbate social inequalities if not addressed properly. Another challenge is the privacy and security of data collected through these systems.As cities become smarter, they also become more dependent on data, which can be vulnerable to cyber-attacks and misuse. Therefore, ensuring robust cybersecurity measures is crucial for the success of smart city initiatives.Moreover, the implementation of smart city projects requires substantial investment in infrastructure and technology. Funding such projects can be difficult, especially in developing countries where financial resources are limited. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are often seen as a solution to this problem, but they require careful planning and management to ensure that the benefits are shared fairly among all stakeholders.Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of smart cities are immense. They offer a way to make our urban areas more sustainable, efficient, and livable. By leveraging technology, we can create cities that not only meet the needs of today’s population but also prepare for the challenges of tomorrow.Questions:1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of smart cities?A) Use of ICTs to enhance service quality.B) Reduction of costs and resource consumption.C) Increase in citizen-government interaction.D) Reduction of rural-urban migration.2.According to the text, what is one of the main issues faced by the development of smart cities?A) The difficulty in implementing new transportation systems.B) The lack of public interest in technological advancements.C) The digital divide between different segments of the population.D) The shortage of skilled workers to operate smart systems.3.Why is ensuring robust cybersecurity measures important for smart city initiatives?A) To prevent the overuse of electricity.B) To protect against cyber-attacks and data misuse.C) To encourage the use of renewable energy sources.D) To facilitate easier communication between citizens and government.4.What does the text suggest as a possible solution to fund smart city projects?A) Raising taxes on the local population.B) Seeking international aid from developed countries.C) Establishing public-private partnerships.D) Cutting down on other public spending.5.What does the text imply about the future of smart cities?A) They will likely face insurmountable challenges.B) They will contribute to making urban areas more sustainable.C) They will lead to an increase in the cost of living in cities.D) They will decrease the overall efficiency of urban services.Answers:1.D) Reduction of rural-urban migration.2.C) The digital divide between different segments of the population.3.B) To protect against cyber-attacks and data misuse.4.C) Establishing public-private partnerships.5.B) They will contribute to making urban areas more sustainable.四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题Translate the following paragraph into English.原文：随着科技的发展，人们的生活节奏越来越快，工作压力也随之增大。

考研英语考试题库及答案1. 阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳答案。

AIn the past few decades, the rapid development of technology has greatly changed the way we live and work. The rise of the internet and mobile devices has made information more accessible than ever before. However, this also poses new challenges for individuals and society as a whole.56. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The impact of technology on our livesB. The challenges brought by the internetC. The benefits of mobile devicesD. The accessibility of information57. What does the author imply about the development of technology?A. It has been beneficial overall.B. It has caused some problems.C. It has been a mixed blessing.D. It has been detrimental to society.BThe concept of sustainable development has become increasingly important in recent years. It emphasizes the need to balance economic growth with environmental protection and social equity. This approach aims to meet the needs ofthe present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.58. What is the focus of sustainable development?A. Economic growth only.B. Environmental protection only.C. Social equity only.D. A balance among economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity.59. What is the ultimate goal of sustainable development?A. To maximize profits for businesses.B. To ensure the well-being of current generations.C. To satisfy the needs of future generations.D. To fulfill the needs of the present without affecting the future.2. 完形填空（每题1分，共10分）Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the options provided.The world is facing a water crisis. Many regions are suffering from severe water scarcity, which has led to a significant impact on agriculture, industry, and the daily lives of people. To address this issue, governments and organizations are exploring various solutions, such as improving water management practices and developing new technologies to conserve water.60. The world is currently dealing with a(n) _______.A. energy crisisB. water crisisC. food crisisD. financial crisis61. The water scarcity has caused _______ on various sectors.A. a minor effectB. a significant impactC. no effectD. a positive influence62. Governments are looking into _______ to solve the water problem.A. ignoring itB. investing in new technologiesC. relying on rainD. doing nothing3. 翻译（每题5分，共10分）Translate the following sentences into English.63. 随着科技的发展，远程工作变得越来越普遍。

考研英语2024真题试卷考研英语试卷一、听力部分（共30分）A节（共15分）1. 听短对话，选择最佳答案。

（共5题，每题1分）- 问题1：What is the man going to do this weekend?A. Go to the library.B. Visit his parents.C. Work on a project.2. 听长对话，选择最佳答案。

（共5题，每题2分）- 问题1：What is the main topic of the conversation?A. A job interview.B. A travel plan.C. A birthday party.B节（共15分）1. 听短文，选择最佳答案。

（共5题，每题3分）- 问题1：What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. The importance of environmental protection.B. The impact of technology on daily life.C. The benefits of regular exercise.二、阅读部分（共40分）A节（共20分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

（共4篇，每篇5题，每题5分）- 文章1：The Impact of Social Media on Youth问题1：What is the author's opinion on social media?A. It is beneficial for young people's development.B. It has a negative impact on young people's mental health.C. It is a necessary part of modern life.D. It should be used with caution.B节（共20分）1. 阅读下列长文章，回答相关问题。