1. __ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Los ing B. Havi ng lost C. Lost D. To lose be lost in ........................................ 2. If __ the same treatment again, he ? s sure to get well. A. Givi ng B. Give C. Give n D. being give n 3. ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being foun ded B. It was foun ded C. Foun ded D. Founding It was founded in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. 4. ___ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest oceadoesn? t seem big at all. A. Compare B. Whe n compari ng C. Compari ng D.Whe n compared II. ................................................................ A-D ........................................................ impress; pour; speak(impress -.????]? ? ? 1. Once spoken, a word becomes a promise. 2. Once poured, water cannot be take n back aga in. 3. Impressed by the beautiful sce nery, I forgot to go back home in time. A. ............................ B. ........................... C. .............................................................. III. ..................................................................................... 1. Seen (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us. 2. Given (give) time, he ? 41 make a first class tennis player. 3. Looking (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground. IV. ....................................... 1. Used for a long time, the book looks old( use) 2. Using the book, I find it useful. (use) 3. Following (follow) the old man, we went upstairs. (follow) 4. Followed (follow) by the old man, we went upstairs. (follow) 5. Seen from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. (see ?
教学目标：讲解现在分词作状语及区分不定式、现在分词作状语的异同 重点难点： 1.现在分词和不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 2.分词作状语时，要看它同句子主语之间的关系，以确定是现在分词还是过去分词。 3.注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定分词的时态形式 4、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式. 5. 连词+分词形式（分词作状语的省略问题） 6.不定式作结果状语和现在分词作结果状语的区别。 7. 现在分词的独立主格结构和评价性状语 Step 1 lead in 朗读下面一首唐诗，找出其中的现在分词形式 Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思 Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光 So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜 Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月 Lowering my head, I dream tha t I’m home. 低头思故乡 Step2 现在分词作状语的意义 动词的现在分词作状语，修饰动词，相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况及独立成分等，作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。 一. -ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句(引导词有when ,while ) 温馨提示： 1．现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when, while引出。 2．现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时。如： When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood. =Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。 As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy. =（0n）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 他一听到这个好消息，就高兴地跳起来。 二．-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。(引导词有because ,as ,since) 如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday =Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。(引导词有if,unless,once) If you work hard, you will succeed. =Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.
过去分词做状语同步课堂教学设计 编写人：吴翔审批人： 学习目标： 1. 熟记过去分词的基本用法；提升灵活运用能力。 2. 合作探究、大胆质疑；归纳过去分词的用法。 3. 激情投入学习；享受攻克难关的快乐。 【使用说明】 1. 利用自主自习时间根据要求对导学案进行有效预习（约30分钟） 2. 1）15分钟自学、讨论 2）25分钟质疑、展示、点拨、巩固落实 3）5分钟当堂检测 【课前预习】 分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，主要起形容词和副词的作用，可以作定语、表语或是状语等 分词有两种，一种是现在分词，一种是过去分词。这两种分词在句子中能担任的成分大体相同，主要是在“意思”上有主动和被动之分。过去分词有两大特点：一是表被动的概念；二是表动作已完成。过去分词在句中可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者。 1.作定语 1）及物动词过去分词既表被动，又表完成；不及物动词过去分词，只表完成。 boiled water开水、selected apples 精选苹果、spoken English英语口语、 iced beer冰镇啤酒、cooked food熟食、fried chips炸土豆条； fallen leaves落叶、 the risen sun升起的太阳 2）单个的过去分词作定语时，一般可以放在被修饰词语之前，也可以放在所修饰词语的后面。 The excited children didn’t know how to do with themselves. The meeting held yesterday was very important. 3）过去分词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定语从句。Her daughter，brought up by me(=who was brought up by me)has begun to work now. 由我带大的她的女儿现在已经参加工作了。 2.作表语 1）当“人”做主语时用过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态或思想感情等。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听到这个想法，他似乎很高兴。 2）过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一体。分词作表语表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示被动的动作。比较： My glasses are broken.我的眼镜碎了。(状态) My glasses were broken by my son.我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。(动作) 3. 作宾补 1）过去分词用在表示“致使”含义的动词keep，leave，have，make, get等的后面。 They kept the door locked for a long time. 他们把门锁了好长一段时间。 Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time. 不要让窗户一直像这样破着。 I have had my bike repaired. 我让人修了修我的自行车。 I raised my voice to make myself heard. 我提高了嗓门以便被人家听到。 2）过去分词常用在感官动词watch，notice，see，hear，listen to，feel，find等的后面。
1. It rained heavily in the south，________ serious flooding in several provinces.（2010 天津） A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 2. ________ at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.（2010 北京） A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked 3. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, ______supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.（2010 福建） A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent 4. He had a wonderful childhood，_______with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010 安徽) A. travel B.to travel. C. traveled D. traveling 5. Dina, ________ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.（2010 湖南） A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle 6. The lawyer listened with full attention，________ to miss any point．（2010 四川）注意是分詞の否定還是不定式の否定 A．not trying B．trying not
过去分词作状语的用 法归纳
过去分词作状语 一．过去分词作状语的基本用法： 过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。 1. 原因状语 Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。 Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 F rightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。 2. 时间状语 Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。 Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。 3. 条件状语 Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose. 如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。 Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。 Watered more, these cabbages could have grown better. 如果多浇点水，这些大白菜还可以长的得更好。 Compared with you, we still have a long way to go. 和你相比，我们还有很大的差距。 4. 方式或伴随状语 Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully. 那位教授在学生的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。 He stood there silently, moved to tears. 他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
Book4 Unit4 Grammar The Present Participles as Adverbials现在分词作状语教材分析：本课是人教版必修四第四单元语法课，现在分词充当句子成分是本课的语法重 点，本单元阅读材料中出现了大量现在分词作状语的用法，高考也常有涉及。因此，本课围绕课时重点进行了四个方面的分析，一是现在分词的形式，二是现在分词所充当的状语类型，三是现在分词作状语和状语从句的转换，四是现在分词与主句主语的一致性。为了实现教学目标，我在教学过程中主要采取了观察归纳法、示范法、小组合作引导学生认识问题、分析问题、解决问题。为了巩固教学成果，我参考当前的常考题型如单句改错、短文填空设置了与教学内容紧密相关的作业题，希望能够达到巩固提升的效果。 学情分析：本班学生为高一年级实验班学生，学习基础总体较好，但因为还处于高中初级阶段，所以教学内容应当居中，教学过程中教师要及时点拨引导，做好学生的学习助手。 教学目标：通过本节课的学习，学生能够 知识目标：1.明确现在分词的各种形式； 2. 识别现在分词作状语的类别； 3.能把状语从句转换成相应的现在分词状语； 4.现在分词作状语的主语一致问题； 能力目标：学生能够正确使用现在分词作状语； 情感目标：1.树立英语学习的信心 2.增强小组的竞争与合作意识。 教学重点：1.帮助学生实现状语从句和现在分词作状语的互换 2.现在分词和不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 （对策）：探究观察、小组讨论 教学难点：1.连词+分词形式（分词作状语的省略问题） 2. 现在分词的独立主格结构 （对策）：归纳法 教学用具：多媒体、黑板 教学过程：Lead-in→Presentation(Step2)→Consolidation(Step3)→Homework(Step4)
过去分词短语作状语2012.4.1 过去分词兼有动词?副词和形容词的特征。过去分词作状语时，表示被动的或已完成的动作，在句中可作时间?原因?条件?让步?方式?伴随状语等。掌握过去分词作状语可从以下几个方面考虑。 一. 理清过去分词作状语时与句子的主语的关系 1. 过去分词作状语时，过去分词与主句中的主语形成逻辑上的被动关系，有时也表示动作已完成。例如： Seen in the dark night，lights on top of tall buildings look like stars in the sky. (seen表示被动，分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生) Scolded by the teacher，the girl began to cry. 被老师责怪，女孩哭了起来。(scolded表示被动且动作已完成) 【考例1】____ into use in April 2000，the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.(2005年上海卷) A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put 【解析】选A。主句主语the hotline与put into use逻辑上是被动关系，排除B?C；D 项表示正在进行的被动与句子意思不符。所以用过去分词put短语作状语。 2. 有些过去分词已经形成了系表结构，因此他们作状语时与主句的主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，但仍然用过去分词形式。例如： Lost in thought，she nearly ran into a tree. 陷入沉思，她差点撞到树上。 (lost意为“迷失的”，与逻辑主语连接起来相当于Because she was lost…，作原因状语)与lost类似的过去分词还有disappointed，dressed，determined，devoted，tired，exhausted，prepared，seated，caught等。 【考例2】After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，____. A. exhausted B. exhausting C. being exhausted D. having exhausted 【解析】选A。exhausted意为“筋疲力尽的”，由过去分词演变成形容词作伴随状语。 二. 注意过去分词作状语时在句中的位置 作状语的过去分词或短语可置于句子的前?后或中间，但是必须用逗号隔开以便与主句分开。 The PE teacher stood in the middle of the playground，surrounded by a group of students. 那位体育老师站在操场中间，被一群学生围着。(过去分词作伴随状语) 【考例1】____ by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. (2004年辽宁卷) A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted D. Having attracted 【解析】选B。句子的主语the girl与attract是动宾关系或说是被动关系，所以要用过去分词短语作状语。 三. 掌握过去分词作状语与状语从句的变换 过去分词作状语在功能上相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间?原因?条件?方式?伴随?让步等。所以经常会遇到过去分词前带有once，when，while，if，as if，even if，though，unless等连词，我们将这种结构看成在连词与过去分词之间省略了与主句相同的主语和系动词be。例如： Once published，this book will be popular with the students.=Once it is published，this book will be popular with the students. 这本书一旦出版，它将会受到学生们的欢迎。(过去分词作时间状语。注：分词前once
过去分词作状语的用法归纳-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
过去分词作状语 一．过去分词作状语的基本用法： 过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。 1. 原因状语 Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。 Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。 2. 时间状语 Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。 Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。 Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。 3. 条件状语 Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose. 如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。 Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。 Watered more, these cabbages could have grown better. 如果多浇点水，这些大白菜还可以长的得更好。 Compared with you, we still have a long way to go. 和你相比，我们还有很大的差距。
动词v-ing形式(现在分词)作状语 Practice1.用动词v-ing形式改写句子，并保持句意不变。 1. When he approached Ms. Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. _____ _________Ms. Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. 2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person ______ ___ ____can speak seven languages. 3. The boy standing there is reading a book about body language. The boy ____ __ ________ there is reading a book about body language. 4. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. ____ ___Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. 5. She sat at the desk and did her homework. She sat at the desk, ______ ____ __________. 6. The picture that hangs on the wall is a world-famous one. The picture _____on the wall is a world-famous one. 7. Because he hadn’t received an answer, he decided to write another letter to him. ____ ______ ______ an answer, he decided to write another letter to him. 8. When he sees the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown. _______ the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown. Practice2. 单句改错 1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. 5. “Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. Practice3. 高考链接 1. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _, and asked myself what I was going to do. A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved 2. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ___ in the natural light during the day. A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 3. ____that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. (陕西2007) A. To have said B. Having said C. To say D. Saying 4. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _____ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said 5. Don’t sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (湖北2006)
【高考真题】 1. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ______. A.tiring B. tired C. being tired D. having tired 2. _____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 3.______ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. （2006全国（1、2）） A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising 4. Though _________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.（10 全国Ⅱ11） A. surprising B. as surprised C. surprised D being surprised 5. _____and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.（09浙江卷） A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired 6. Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired （09湖南卷21） 7. _________, she is the kind of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. (10 安徽) A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic 8.____ more time, he will become a better tennis player . A Having given B To give C Giving D Given 2 ___in 1636 ,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States . A Being founded B It was founded C Founded D Founding 3 Unless __to speak, you should remain silent at the meeting. A invited B inviting C being invited D having invited 5 When first ___to the market, these products enjoyed great success . A introducing B introduced C introduce D being introduced 10. _______ more attention, the tree could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given. 14. ________ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 4 ___, but he still couldn’t understand it . A He had been told many times B Having been told many times C Told many times D Although he had been told many times 1. _____for a long time, the book looks old. ( use) 3. ________ (look) at her, he jumped with joy. 4. (1) ____ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. (2)_____ from a distance, the Opera House looks like ship sails.(see) 6. _____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. ( lose) 10.___________(frighten) by the news, he felt dizzy(头晕目眩的）. 1
讲义编号 掌握八种基本时态的被动语态的构成及其基本用法。 教学目标 掌握带有情态动词的句子的被动语态。 1、英语中各种时态的被动语态形式 重点、难点 2、主动形式表示被动意义的用法 考点及考试要求主动形式表示被动意义的用法 教学内容 一、导入 被动语态 (Passive Voice)与英语中的动词的时(Tense）、体 (Aspect）、态 (Voice)、式 ( Mood). 1、被动语态的概念及用法 （1）概念：语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是谓语动词的承受者（受动者）或者说动作 不是由主语而是由其他人完成的。 例如： They plant flowers in the garden. （主动语态） 主语谓语宾语状语 Flowers are planted by them in the garden. (被动语态) 主语谓语宾语状语 （ 2）用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者( 即不知道谁做 ) 时用被动语态, 省略 by 短语。 ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时, 用被动语态 , 省略 by 短语。 ③强调动作的承受者, 句尾加 by 短语。 （口诀：谁做动作不知道，说出谁做没必要，动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。） 2、被动语态的构成：“助动词be+动词的过去分词”。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的各种时态形式如下： 主动被动 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般将来时 一般过去将来
现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 （口诀：被动语态be 字变，过去分词跟后面。） 3.主动语态和被动语态的转换： （ 1）主动语态变被动语态（一般情况）：把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾格变成主格。谓语动词变为 被动结构（ be+过去分词）。主动语态中的主语放在介词by 后做宾语，主格变为宾格。（口诀:宾变主，主变宾， by 短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be 后“过分”来使用）。 例如：He mended the bike yesterday. （主动语态） 主语谓语宾语 The bike was mended by him yesterday. （被动语态） 主语谓语宾语 （ 2）情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成。 （注意：原来带to 的情态动词变被动语态后，仍然保留。） 例如： We have to look after the dog . (主动语态 ) 主语谓语宾语 The dog has to be looked after by us. (被动语态 ) 主语谓语宾语 (3)含有宾语补足语的被动语态：含有宾语补足语的句子，宾语变成主语后，宾语补足语改为主语补足语。 例如： We keep food cold in the fridge. 主语谓语宾语宾补 The food is kept cold in the fridge by us. 主语谓语主补宾语 （注意：有些动词或动词词组在主动语态中用不带 to 的不定式作补足语，但在被动语态中要加上,这些动词 to 是“5看 3使 2听 1感觉”：） look at, see, watch, notice, observe; make, let, have; listen to, hear; feel 例如：.(主动 ) I heard someone come up the stairs . （被动） Someone was heard to come up the stairs （ 4）带双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, sell, buy,ask, pay, borrow, lend, hand, offer, provide, past, get, promise等，变成被动语态时有两种方法： 例如： I have given him the book. 主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语
过去分词作状语 【观察】观察下列句子中过去分词的用法，然后加以总结。 1. Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. 2. Looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful. 3. Caught in the rain on my way home, I had a bad cold. 4. Built thirty years ago the house still looks very beautiful. 5. The professor, followed by his assistants, walked out of the hall. 6. She sat by the window alone, lost in thought. 7. Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. 8. He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 过去分词可作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。过去分词作状语应注意以下 几点： ●表示时间(如例句1)、条件 (如例句2)、原因(如例句3)、让步(如例句4) 的 分词短语相当于相对应的状语从句。 After they had been discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. If it is looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful. Because I was caught in the rain on my way home, I had a bad cold. Although it was built thirty years ago, the house still looks very beautiful. ●作方式状语或表示伴随情况，说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下， 分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。可转化成并列句。(如例 句5-6) The professor walked out of the hall and he was followed by his assistants. She sat by the window alone, and she was lost in thought. 二、过去分词与句子主语之间的关系 ●过去分词作状语表示被动或完成的动作。其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语 一致。过去分词与句子主语之间通常存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 (如例句1-5)【难点点拨】分词作状语时，用现在分词还是过去分词，取决于分词与句子主
过去分词短语作状语 非谓语动词是英语语言所特有的语言现象。其中在学习分词的过程中应该明确，在大多数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式，目的在于使语言更为简练，尤其在书面语中。所以无论是现在分词、还是过去分词都与从句的主动、被动、时态有着密切的关系。过去分词短语在句中作状语可表示原因、时间、让步、条件、方式或伴随等。例如： 1.Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因） 2. Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间） 3.Seen from the top of the castle, the park looks very beautiful. （表示条件） 从城堡顶端看，公园十分美丽 4.Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to entered the cave. 虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险进山洞。（表示让步） 5.Filled with hopes and fears, he dived deep into the ocean.（表示伴随） 心中充满了希望与恐惧，他跳进了深海里。 在使用过去分词作状语时, 为了体现上下两部分(句子层面)的逻辑关系, 句子中常出现过去分词和连词的连带使用,比如例2和例4那样的结构. 通过众多例句分析, 我们发现过去分词作状语以下几种情形： 一、句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系 例：_______ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm .（2004，辽宁） A．Attracting B．Attracted C. To be attracted D．Having attracted 分析：答案为B。句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系。可以把状语部分转换为: （As the girl was ）attracted by the beauty of the nature,…attracted 表示被动意义“被迷住，被吸引”。 If they are applied in agriculture, the machines will save farmers much labor. =If applied in agriculture, the machines will save farmers much labor. 如果将这些机器用于农业，就可以省去农民很多劳动。注：连词if，通常保留。 二、由一些含be动词的短语或系表结构转换来的。这时，句子的主语与作状语用的过去分