人教版高一上期末复习试题及答案
- 格式:doc
- 大小:50.50 KB
- 文档页数:7
人教版高一英语上学期期末试题高一英语本试卷共8页,卷面满分130分,考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号及准考证号,并用2B铅笔填涂准考证号。
2.全部答案必须在答题卡上完成,答在本试卷上无效。
3.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需要改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。
不能答在试卷上。
4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上;如需要改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案,改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
ABest Venice ToursGrand CanalConsidered to be the main street of Venice, the 2-mile-long Grand Canal is one of the city’s most popular and highly photographed attractions. If you’re hoping to hire a gondolier (贡多拉船夫) for a romantic (but expensive) row along the canal, plan to pay between 80 and 120 euros for the ride. Many others suggested hopping aboard the vaporetto (水上巴士), or the public water taxi, for a much cheaper experience. Vaporetto Line I travels down the Grand Canal. Travel experts strongly recommend purchasing a Venezia Unica City Pass if you don’t plan on walking the entirety of your trip due to the high cost of one-way fare.Rialto BridgeSeveral centuries ago, the Rialto Bridge was the only way to cross the Grand Canal. There are now four major bridges that cross the canal, but the Rialto Bridge is by far the most famous. The bridge is a design work of Antonio da Ponte. Predicted to fail by critics, the bridge still stands and is considered an engineering wonder.Campanile di San MarcoThis particular bell tower was built in the early 20th century, as a reproduction of the 16th-century one, which was used by Galileo Galilei to set his telescope. It also served as a stage for tight rope walkers during the Fl ight of the Angel celebration. Today’s bell tower, with a 324-foot height, is used for sightseers who want to have a full view of Venice. To avoid crowds, travelers say it’s best to go early in the morning or late in the evening.St. Mark’s SquareSt. Mark’s Square, or Piazza San Marco, is considered to be the heart of Venice. As the largest square in Venice, St. Mark’s Square is the only “piazza” in the city. It’s strongly recommended that visitors visit the square either early in the morning or late in the evening simply because of the crowds. The restaurants and shops in the square are very expensive. It’s recommended that visitors walk a few streets away from the square to find more reasonably priced meals and souvenirs. 1.Why is a Venezia Unica City Pass recommended?A. To pay for the public transportation at a lower price.B. To ensure visitors take the best photos of the attractions.C. To enable visitors to experience a romantic trip with a gondolier.D. To help save money for the tickets of the most popular attractions.2.Which of the following attractions has some connections with space science?A. Grand Canal.B. Piazza San Marco.C. Rialto Bridge.D. Campanile di San Marco.3.In which section of a website can we probably read this text?A. Tourism.B. Food.C. Science.D. Arts.BWhen presented with a Make-A-Wish grant, most 13-year-old boys would buy a gaming system or take a trip to Disney World. But Abraham Olagbegi is not like most teens!Abraham is recovering from a bone marrow transplant (骨髓移植) resulting from rare genetic blood disorder. Last year was a scary time for him and his family, but the transplant was successful, and he’s now on a path to good health. When he found out he was qualified for Make-A-Wish, he shocked everyone with his request.“I remember we were coming home from one of his doctor appointments and he said, ‘Mom, I thought about it, and I really want to feed the homeless,’” said Miriam Olagbegi, Abraham’s mother. “I said, ‘Are you sure, Abraham? You could do a lot… You are sure you don’t want a PlayStation?’”Abraham’s whole family thought it was a great idea, especially since they’ve tried to teachtheir kids to give freely and openly to others whenever possible. In the 13-year-old’s words, “My parents always taught us t hat it’s a blessing to be a blessing.”Make-A-Wish granted Abraham’s special request, spending a day in September handing out ,free plates of food to people experiencing homelessness in Jackson, Mississippi. Local businesses donated all of the food and supplies, and together they managed to feed about 80 people!Abraham said seeing the gratitude on their faces made his wish come true and “warms our hearts”. Now the Make-A-Wish team will continue Abraham’s program named Abraham’s Table every month.We’re just very excited to be able to continue on this program. It’s just so rewarding.” Miriam said. “If I was out there on the streets, homeless, I would want somebody at some point to think of me and to do something special for me. So, that’s what I try to te ach my kids and we just try to pay it forward, by doing what we were raised to do.”4.What did Abraham Olagbegi request as a wish?A. A gaming system.B. A trip to Disney World.C. Free food for the homeless.D. Donation of his family’s income.5.How did A braham’s family react to his request?A. They felt confused.B. They were unsatisfied.C. They tried to change his mind.D. They fully supported it.6.What do we learn about Abraham’s parents?A. They are rich and generous.B. They are very strict parents.C. They influence Abraham positively.D. They decide everything for Abraham. 7.What is a suitable title for the text?A. Abraham’s Special WishB. Abraham’s Journey to Good HealthC. Influence of Family Value on AbrahamD. Community Support in Abraham’s T ableCAustralian teenagers are missing important, basic kitchen skills and it’s having a negative influence on their health. It’s also leading our next generation towards increased rates of obesity (肥胖), according to the findings of a new survey.A national survey of 1,006 parents found that close to half of all 12 to 18 years old teenagers can’t boil an egg; 1 in 5 only have kitchen skills that allow them to pour milk on cereal; 42%can’t boil noodles; 83.9%don’t know how to roast a chicken; 60.1 percent can’t bake a potato.Research company Pureprofile asked parents to judge how well their kids could perform in the kitchen across some tasks. More than half (67.3%) of parents believe their children could do betterwhen it comes to healthy food and lifestyle knowledge. Close to half of parents (42.5%) believe poor food choices are caused by lack of education at middle school, with 9 in 10 parents in support of schools doing more to encourage a healthy lifestyle.Miriam Raleigh, an expert on the relationship between food and health, said she was already seeing a generation of young parents who had “no idea how to cook”. “They depend on convenience meals and easy snacks, and those foods often have a higher fat and salt content which can lead to obesity and a lot of health problems,” Ms Raleigh said.The school’s Kitchen Garden program founder, Stephanie Alexander, said that if more was not done to improve the situation we would be heading towards a generation of fatter and more unhealthy kids. Ms Alexander also said she would introduce her Kitchen Garden program into middle schools so teenagers can learn the art of cooking food.“I’m so proud of what we have achieved in the primary school and I really believe we can have the same success in middle schools,” she said.8.What did the national survey find about Australian teenagers?A. They eat unhealthy food.B. They are poor at cooking.C. They like convenience meals.D. They are interested in cooking. 9.What’s the function of paragraph 2?A. Explaining the reasons.B. Providing the data.C. Making comparisons.D. Giving examples.10.What did Miriam Raleigh try to express?A. Her worry about the unhealthy lifestyle.B. Her concern in young parents’ education.C. The way to reduce obesity in young people.D. The need to improve everyone’s cooking skills.11.What is the purpose of this passage?A. To teach teenagers cooking.B. To care about teenagers’ health.C. To improve school education.D. To promote a cooking program.DA small group of Cuban dive instructors have started a project to grow coral (珊瑚) and replant it. The divers hope to restore part of Cuba’s barrier reef (堡礁). And they are working with limited financial support and using materials recovered from the coast.Luis is one of the project’s leaders. The 44-year-old fisherman grew up on Cuba’s north coast. He said, “It’s incredible to see the loss of coral in the past 30 years.” He added, “Our dream is tomake the parts of the barrier reef that have lost their coral grow again.”To make that happen, Luis worked with other dive instructors and neighborhood schoolchildren with the support from Cuba’s environmental organizations. They began collecting pieces of coral spread across the ocean floor after large storms three years ago. The pieces were then hung on branches of underwater “trees” made from old plastic pipes and supported by fishing lines recovered from the coast. They were then “replanted” on the coral reef, fixed by nails driven into the rock. In a year, most survive and grow enough to repopulate the part of the barrier reef between 60 to 80 meters in length.Like many coral reefs around the world, the ones in Cuba are threatened by changing water temperatures, destructive plants and animals, pollution and over-fishing. It is reported that the world has already lost 30 to 50 percent of its coral reefs.Karine is a French diver who just visited Cuba for the first time. She said the reef looked better than others she had seen on dives elsewhere in the world, including in Africa. “The cora l needs to be protected,” she said after two dives on a recent trip to nearby Varadero. She said, “It’s good to see that in Cuba they take care of what they have, and that it is still not too affected by too much tourism.”12.What can we infer from the rec overy of the Cuba’s barrier reef?A. It is just a new project to start.B. It is a slow and difficult process.C. It is mainly carried out by schoolchildren.D. It is greatly supported by the government.13.How do the dive instructors fix the pieces of coral on the reef?A. They are fastened to the rock by fishing lines.B. They are supported by the trees on the ocean floor.C. They are placed firmly by nails driven into the rock.D. They are hung by old plastic pipes collected on the coast.14.What does the underlined word “destructive” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Endangered.B. Beneficial.C. Plentiful.D. Harmful.15.What is Karine’s attitude towards the Cubans’ effort to recover the coral reef?A. Doubtful.B. Concerned.C. Positive.D. Disappointed.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上学期期末考试卷年级:高一科目:英语注意事项: 1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2.选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。
(试卷总分:150分;考试时间:120分钟)第I卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
听力结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.15.C. £9.18.答案是B。
1. What would the man like?A. A cold drink.B. Sleeping pills.C. A cup of coffee.2. Where is the bus station?A. Opposite a stadium.B. Next to a car park.C. On the left of a bridge.3. What does the man dislike about the sweater?A. The price.B. The material.C. The color.4. What does the man think of the course?A. Easy.B. Interesting.C. Difficult.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A sports game.B. An animal.C. An actor.第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
新人教A 版2020~2021学年度第一学期期末复习高一数学一、单项选择题1.设集合A={x |x 2−2x−3≤0},B ={x |y =ln(2−x) } ,则A∩B =( ) A. [−3,2) B. (2,3] C. (−1,2) D. [−1,2) 2.已知0.20.3a =,0.23b =,3log 0.3c =,则A. a c b >>B. c a b >>C. b a c >>D. c b a >> 3.“”是“21cos =α”的( ) A .充分而不必要条件 B 必要而不充分条件 C .充分必要条件 D .既不充分也不必要条件 4.已知角α的终边上一点P (5)-,则sin tan αα+= (A )2253--(B )253-(C )5(D )55. ︒︒-+︒︒15sin )105cos(15cos 75sin 等于(A )0(B )12(C 3 (D )16.函数()23xf x x =+的零点所在的一个区间是( )(A )(-2,-1) (B )(-1,0) (C )(0,1) (D )(1,2) 7.函数⎩⎨⎧≤>=ππx x x x x f ,cos ,sin )(,则=︒)240(f(A )23-(B )23 (C )21- (D )21 8.已知函数()⎩⎨⎧>≤=1,log 1,22x x x x f x ,若函数()a x x f y ++=2有两个零点,则实数a 的取值范围是A .(]1,2B .[)2,1--C .[)4,2--D .[]2,49. 已知函数()x f y =是R 上的偶函数,且()x f 在),0[+∞上是减函数,若()()2-≥f a f ,则a 的取值范围是(A )2≤a (B )2≥a (C )22≥-≤a a 或 (D )22≤≤-a二、多项选择题10、设,0<<b a 则下列不等式中成立的是A .b a 11> B . ab a 11>- C . b a -> D . b a ->- 11、下列函数为奇函数的是A.tan y x = B .sin y x x =- C .cos y x x =- D .e e xxy -=- 12.函数π()3sin 23f x x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭的图象为C ,如下结论中正确的是( ). A 、图象C 关于直线11π12x =对称 B 、图象C 关于点2π03⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,对称 C 、()f x 在区间π5π1212⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭,是增函数 D 、由3sin 2y x =图象向右平移π3个单位长度可得图象C .三、填空题13.命题p :“2,10∃∈+<x R x ”的否定是 14.若x 、y ∈R +,20=+y x ,则xy 的最大值为 .15.化简:sin(90)cos()cos(180)ααα︒-⋅-︒-= .(填最简形式)16.已知2)4πtan(-=+α,则=-αα2cos 2sin 117.已知132a =,则()2log 2a = .18.若“满足x :20x p +<”是“满足x :022>--x x ”的充分条件,求实数p 的取值范围. . 四、解答题19.已知,αβ都是锐角,35cos ,cos(),513ααβ=+=- (1)求sin α和αtan 的值;(2)求)sin(βα+ 和cos β的值.20、已知函数()4sin()cos 16f x x x π=-+.(Ⅰ)求)(x f 的最小正周期; (Ⅱ)求)(x f 在区间[,44ππ-]上的最大值和最小值.21.某大型专卖店经营一种耐用消费品.已知该种消费品的进价为每件40元;该店每月销售量q (百件)与销售价p (元/件)之间的关系用右图中的一条折线(实线)表示;职工每人每月平均工资为1200元,该店应交付的其它费用为每月13200元.若当销售价p 为52元/件时,该店正好收支平衡,求该店的职工人数。
人教版高一上学期语文期末考试试题(带答案解析)高一上学期语文学科期末考试试题本试卷满分150分,考试时间150分钟。
一、现代文阅读(21分)一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)阅读下面文字,完成1~3题。
家池的修禊俗修禊是中国传统文化中的精粹。
东汉应劭《风俗通义·祀典》中说:“禊者,洁也。
谨按《周礼》男巫掌望祀,旁招以茅,女巫掌岁时以祓除衅浴。
”但从《诗经·溱洧》来看,修禊由纯祭祀活动逐步演变为带有节日性的活动。
三月桃花盛开,百花馥郁,河水荡漾,水盈碧泛,阳光明媚的时候,郑国的青年男女到溱洧两水上沐浴,以洁身除秽邪之气,临别互赠花草。
《韩诗》载:“郑俗,三月上巳,之溱、洧之上,招魂续魄。
秉兰草,拂不祥。
”这应该就是修禊的前身。
但是到了两汉,修禊的形式发生了变化。
其神秘繁复的色彩减少了很多,祭祀只是象征性的,在水曲隈处喝酒吟诗成主要内容,成为一种官民同乐的高雅有趣的节日活动。
到了宋代,其内容已经是根据喜好随意增减了。
文人雅士多曲水流觞,临河赋诗歌咏。
一般民众则游春踏青,赏览春光。
史上最著名的一次修禊集会是东晋永和九年(公元353年),王羲之父子、谢安、孙绰等共41人在山阴(今绍兴)兰亭举行的。
贤士名流分列两岸,参差坐于茂林修竹中,曲水赋诗,纵酒狂欢。
王羲之作《兰亭集序》,成为天下第一行书。
但影响巨大波及全国的修禊活动是清康乾年间扬州瘦西湖畔的三次“红桥修禊”,主持者皆为名士,参加者近万,规模空前,成为中国诗歌史上的盛举。
其方式是在洗濯后,列坐水畔,随水流羽杯,举觞吃酒,吟诗作词。
襄阳也是一个有修禊传统的地方,而家池就是主要的修禊地点。
《湖广通志·襄阳府》载:“县东十里,有白马泉,晋凿齿居焉,因名家池。
”宋祝穆撰《方舆胜览·襄阳府》载:“每年三月三日,刺史禊饮于此。
”六朝时的《荆楚岁时记》云:“三月三日,四民并出水滨,为流杯曲水之饮,取黍曲菜汁和蜜为饵,以厌时气。
人教版高一(上)期末数学试卷一、选择题:本大题12小题,每小题5分,满分60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.(5分)函数f(x)=log(2x﹣1)的定义域是()A.(,+∞)B.(,1)∪(1,+∞)C.(,+∞)D.(,1)∪(1,+∞)2.(5分)直线x+2ay﹣1=0与(a﹣1)x﹣ay+1=0平行,则a的值为()A.B.或0 C.0 D.﹣2或03.(5分)设f(x)是定义在R上单调递减的奇函数,若x1+x2>0,x2+x3>0,x3+x1>0,则()A.f(x1)+f(x2)+f(x3)>0 B.f(x1)+f(x2)+f(x3)<0C.f(x1)+f(x2)+f(x3)=0 D.f(x1)+f(x2)>f(x3)4.(5分)如图,一个平面图形的斜二测画法的直观图是一个边长为a的正方形,则原平面图形的面积为()A.a2B.a2C.2a2D.2a25.(5分)设α、β、γ为三个不同的平面,m、n是两条不同的直线,在命题“α∩β=m,n⊂γ,且________,则m∥n”中的横线处填入下列三组条件中的一组,使该命题为真命题.①α∥γ,n⊂β;②m∥γ,n∥β;③n∥β,m⊂γ.可以填入的条件有()A.①或③B.①或②C.②或③D.①或②或③6.(5分)已知一空间几何体的三视图如题图所示,其中正视图与左视图都是全等的等腰梯形,则该几何体的体积为()A.17 B.C.D.187.(5分)如图,在棱长为a的正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,P为A1D1的中点,Q为A1B1上任意一点,E、F为CD上两点,且EF的长为定值,则下面四个值中不是定值的是()A.点P到平面QEF的距离B.直线PQ与平面PEF所成的角C.三棱锥P﹣QEF的体积D.△QEF的面积8.(5分)如图,在三棱锥P﹣ABC中,∠APB=∠BPC=∠APC=90°,O在△ABC内,∠OPC=45°,∠OPA=60°,则∠OPB的余弦值为()A.B.C.D.9.(5分)已知函数+2,则关于x的不等式f(3x+1)+f(x)>4的解集为()A.(﹣,+∞)B.(﹣,+∞)C.(﹣,+∞)D.(﹣,+∞)10.(5分)当0<x≤时,4x<log a x,则a的取值范围是()A.(0,)B.(,1)C.(1,)D.(,2)11.(5分)已知函数f(x)=x2+e x﹣(x<0)与g(x)=x2+ln(x+a)图象上存在关于y轴对称的点,则a的取值范围是()A.(﹣,)B.(﹣,)C.(﹣∞,)D.(﹣∞,)12.(5分)若x1满足2x+2x=5,x2满足2x+2log2(x﹣1)=5,x1+x2=()A.B.3 C.D.4二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分13.(5分)已知函数f(x)=(a>0),若x1+x2=1,则f(x1)+f(x2)=,并求出=.14.(5分)如图所示几何体的三视图,则该几何体的表面积为.15.(5分)点M(x1,y1)在函数y=﹣2x+8的图象上,当x1∈[2,5]时,则的取值范围.16.(5分)如图,在四棱锥P﹣ABCD中,底面ABCD是矩形,AD⊥PD,BC=1,PC=2,PD=CD=2,则二面角A﹣PB﹣C的正切值为.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共70分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 17.(12分)过点(3,2)的直线l与x轴的正半轴,y轴的正半轴分别交于A,B两点,当△AOB的面积最小时,求直线l的方程及△AOB面积.18.(12分)已知一四棱锥P﹣ABCD的三视图如图所示,E是侧棱PC上的动点.(Ⅰ)求四棱锥P﹣ABCD的体积.(Ⅱ)若点E为PC的中点,AC∩BD=O,求证:EO∥平面PAD;(Ⅲ)是否不论点E在何位置,都有BD⊥AE?证明你的结论.19.(10分)设直线l的方程为(a+1)x+y+2﹣a=0(a∈R).(1)若l在两坐标轴上的截距相等,求l的方程;(2)若l不经过第二象限,求实数a的取值范围.20.(12分)如图,在棱长为1的正方体中,P是侧棱CC1上的一点,CP=m(1)试确定m,使直线AP与平面BDD1B1所成角的正切值为;(2)在线段A1C1上是否存在一个定点Q,使得对任意的m,D1Q在平面APD1上的射影垂直于AP,并证明你的结论.21.(12分)已知平行四边形ABCD(如图1),AB=4,AD=2,∠DAB=60°,E为AB的中点,把三角形ADE沿DE折起至A1DE位置,使得A1C=4,F是线段A1C的中点(如图2).(1)求证:BF∥面A1DE;(2)求证:面A1DE⊥面DEBC;(3)求二面角A1﹣DC﹣E的正切值.22.(12分)已知函数g(x)=ax2﹣2ax+1+b(a≠0,b<1),在区间[2,3]上有最大值4,最小值1,设f(x)=.(1)求a,b的值;(2)不等式f(2x)﹣k•2x≥0在x∈[﹣1,1]上恒成立,求实数k的取值范围;(3)方程f(|2x﹣1|)+k(﹣3)有三个不同的实数解,求实数k的取值范围.参考答案与试题解析一、选择题:本大题12小题,每小题5分,满分60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.(5分)函数f(x)=log(2x﹣1)的定义域是()A.(,+∞)B.(,1)∪(1,+∞)C.(,+∞)D.(,1)∪(1,+∞)【解答】解:由,解得x>且x≠1.的定义域是(,1)∪(1,+∞).∴函数f(x)=log(2x﹣1)故选:B.2.(5分)直线x+2ay﹣1=0与(a﹣1)x﹣ay+1=0平行,则a的值为()A.B.或0 C.0 D.﹣2或0【解答】解:当a=0时,两直线重合;当a≠0时,由,解得a=,综合可得,a=,故选:A.3.(5分)设f(x)是定义在R上单调递减的奇函数,若x1+x2>0,x2+x3>0,x3+x1>0,则()A.f(x1)+f(x2)+f(x3)>0 B.f(x1)+f(x2)+f(x3)<0C.f(x1)+f(x2)+f(x3)=0 D.f(x1)+f(x2)>f(x3)【解答】解:∵x1+x2>0,x2+x3>0,x3+x1>0,∴x1>﹣x2,x2>﹣x3,x3>﹣x1,又f(x)是定义在R上单调递减的奇函数,∴f(x1)<f(﹣x2)=﹣f(x2),f(x2)<f(﹣x3)=﹣f(x3),f(x3)<f(﹣x1)=﹣f(x1),∴f(x1)+f(x2)<0,f(x2)+f(x3)<0,f(x3)+f(x1)<0,∴三式相加整理得f(x1)+f(x2)+f(x3)<0故选B4.(5分)如图,一个平面图形的斜二测画法的直观图是一个边长为a的正方形,则原平面图形的面积为()A.a2B.a2C.2a2D.2a2【解答】解:由斜二测画法的规则知与x′轴平行的线段其长度不变以及与横轴平行的性质不变,正方形对角线在y′轴上,可求得其长度为a,故在平面图中其在y轴上,且其长度变为原来的2倍,长度为2a,∴原平面图形的面积为=故选:C.5.(5分)设α、β、γ为三个不同的平面,m、n是两条不同的直线,在命题“α∩β=m,n⊂γ,且________,则m∥n”中的横线处填入下列三组条件中的一组,使该命题为真命题.①α∥γ,n⊂β;②m∥γ,n∥β;③n∥β,m⊂γ.可以填入的条件有()A.①或③B.①或②C.②或③D.①或②或③【解答】解:由面面平行的性质定理可知,①正确;当n∥β,m⊂γ时,n和m在同一平面内,且没有公共点,所以平行,③正确.故选A.6.(5分)已知一空间几何体的三视图如题图所示,其中正视图与左视图都是全等的等腰梯形,则该几何体的体积为()A.17 B.C.D.18【解答】解:由已知中的三视图,可知该几何体是一个四棱台切去一个三棱锥所得的几何体,棱台的上下底面的棱长为2和4,故棱台的上下底面的面积为4和16,侧高为,故棱台的高h==2,故棱台的体积为:=,棱锥的底面是棱台上底面的一半,故底面面积为2,高为2,故棱锥的体积为:×2×2=,故组合体的体积V=﹣=,故选:B7.(5分)如图,在棱长为a的正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,P为A1D1的中点,Q为A1B1上任意一点,E、F为CD上两点,且EF的长为定值,则下面四个值中不是定值的是()A.点P到平面QEF的距离B.直线PQ与平面PEF所成的角C.三棱锥P﹣QEF的体积D.△QEF的面积【解答】解:A.∵平面QEF即为对角面A1B1CD,点P为A1D1的中点,∴点P到平面QEF即到对角面A1B1CD的距离=为定值;D.∵点Q到直线CD的距离是定值a,|EF|为定值,∴△QEF的面积=为定值;C.由A.D可知:三棱锥P﹣QEF的体积为定值;B.直线PQ与平面PEF所成的角与点Q的位置有关系,因此不是定值,或用排除法即可得出.综上可得:只有B中的值不是定值.故选:B.8.(5分)如图,在三棱锥P﹣ABC中,∠APB=∠BPC=∠APC=90°,O在△ABC内,∠OPC=45°,∠OPA=60°,则∠OPB的余弦值为()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:已知如图所示:过O做平面PBA的垂线,交平面PBC于Q,连接PQ则∠OPQ=90°﹣45°=45°.∵cos∠OPA=cos∠QPA×cos∠OPQ,∴cos∠QPA=,∴∠QPA=45°,∴∠QPB=45°∴cos∠OPB=cos∠OPQ×cos∠QPB=.故选C.9.(5分)已知函数+2,则关于x的不等式f(3x+1)+f(x)>4的解集为()A.(﹣,+∞)B.(﹣,+∞)C.(﹣,+∞)D.(﹣,+∞)【解答】解:设g(x)=2016x+log2016(+x)﹣2016﹣x,g(﹣x)=2016﹣x+log2016(+x)﹣2016x+=﹣g(x);g′(x)=2016x ln2016++2016﹣x ln2016>0;∴g(x)在R上单调递增;∴由f(3x+1)+f(x)>4得,g(3x+1)+2+g(x)+2>4;∴g(3x+1)>g(﹣x);∴3x+1>﹣x;解得x>﹣;∴原不等式的解集为(﹣,+∞).故选:D.10.(5分)当0<x≤时,4x<log a x,则a的取值范围是()A.(0,)B.(,1)C.(1,)D.(,2)【解答】解:∵0<x≤时,1<4x≤2要使4x<log a x,由对数函数的性质可得0<a<1,数形结合可知只需2<log a x,∴即对0<x≤时恒成立∴解得<a<1故选B11.(5分)已知函数f(x)=x2+e x﹣(x<0)与g(x)=x2+ln(x+a)图象上存在关于y轴对称的点,则a的取值范围是()A.(﹣,)B.(﹣,)C.(﹣∞,)D.(﹣∞,)【解答】解:由题意,存在x<0,使f(x)﹣g(﹣x)=0,即e x﹣﹣ln(﹣x+a)=0在(﹣∞,0)上有解,令m(x)=e x﹣﹣ln(﹣x+a),则m(x)=e x﹣﹣ln(﹣x+a)在其定义域上是增函数,且x→﹣∞时,m(x)<0,若a≤0时,x→a时,m(x)>0,故e x﹣﹣ln(﹣x+a)=0在(﹣∞,0)上有解,若a>0时,则e x﹣﹣ln(﹣x+a)=0在(﹣∞,0)上有解可化为e0﹣﹣ln(a)>0,即lna<,故0<a<.综上所述,a∈(﹣∞,).故选:C12.(5分)若x1满足2x+2x=5,x2满足2x+2log2(x﹣1)=5,x1+x2=()A.B.3 C.D.4【解答】解:由题意①2x2+2log2(x2﹣1)=5 ②所以,x1=log2(5﹣2x1)即2x1=2log2(5﹣2x1)令2x1=7﹣2t,代入上式得7﹣2t=2log2(2t﹣2)=2+2log2(t﹣1)∴5﹣2t=2log2(t﹣1)与②式比较得t=x2于是2x1=7﹣2x2即x1+x2=故选C二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分13.(5分)已知函数f(x)=(a>0),若x1+x2=1,则f(x1)+f(x2)=1,并求出=.【解答】解:∵函数f(x)=(a>0),x1+x2=1,∴f(x1)+f(x2)=f(x1)+f(1﹣x1)=+=+==1,∴=1007+f()=1007+=.故答案为:1,.14.(5分)如图所示几何体的三视图,则该几何体的表面积为16+2.【解答】解:由已知中的三视图,可得该几何体是一个以俯视图为底面的四棱锥,其直观图如下图所示:E和F分别是AB和CD中点,作EM⊥AD,连接PM,且PD=PC,由三视图得,PE⊥底面ABCD,AB=4,CD=2,PE═EF=2在直角三角形△PEF中,PF==2,在直角三角形△DEF中,DE==,同理在直角梯形ADEF中,AD=,根据△AED的面积相等得,×AD×ME=×AE×EF,解得ME=,∵PE⊥底面ABCD,EM⊥AD,∴PM⊥AD,PE⊥ME,在直角三角形△PME中,PM==,∴该四棱锥的表面积S=×(4+2)×2+×4×2+×2×2+2×××=16+2.故答案为:16+2.15.(5分)点M(x1,y1)在函数y=﹣2x+8的图象上,当x1∈[2,5]时,则的取值范围.【解答】解:当x1∈[2,5]时,可得A(2,4),B(5,﹣2).设P(﹣1,﹣1),则k PA==,k PB==,∴的取值范围是.16.(5分)如图,在四棱锥P﹣ABCD中,底面ABCD是矩形,AD⊥PD,BC=1,PC=2,PD=CD=2,则二面角A﹣PB﹣C的正切值为.【解答】解:以D为原点,DA为x轴,DC为y轴,过D作平面ABCD的垂直线为z轴,建立空间直角坐标系,在△PDC中,由于PD=CD=2,PC=2,可得∠PCD=30°,∴P到平面ABCD的距离为PCsin30°=.∴A(1,0,0),P(0,﹣1,),B(1,2,0),C(0,2,0),=(1,1,﹣),=(1,3,﹣),=(0,3,﹣),设平面PAB的法向量=(x,y,z),则,取z=1,得=(),设平面PBC的法向量=(a,b,c),则,取c=,得=(2,1,),设二面角A﹣PB﹣C的平面角为θ,则cosθ===,sinθ==,tanθ==.∴二面角A﹣PB﹣C的正切值为.故答案为:.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共70分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 17.(12分)过点(3,2)的直线l与x轴的正半轴,y轴的正半轴分别交于A,B两点,当△AOB的面积最小时,求直线l的方程及△AOB面积.【解答】解:设A(a,0),B(0,b),则直线l的方程为:+=1.把点P(3,2)代入可得:+=1.(a,b>0).∴1≥2,化为ab≥24,当且仅当a=6,b=4时取等号.=ab≥12,l的方程为:+=1,即4x+6y﹣24=0∴S△AOB18.(12分)已知一四棱锥P﹣ABCD的三视图如图所示,E是侧棱PC上的动点.(Ⅰ)求四棱锥P﹣ABCD的体积.(Ⅱ)若点E为PC的中点,AC∩BD=O,求证:EO∥平面PAD;(Ⅲ)是否不论点E在何位置,都有BD⊥AE?证明你的结论.【解答】(Ⅰ)解:由该四棱锥的三视图可知,该四棱锥P﹣ABCD的底面是边长为1的正方形,侧棱PC⊥底面ABCD,且PC=2.…(1分)∴V P=S▱ABCD•PC=.…(3分)﹣ABCD(Ⅱ)证明:∵E、O分别为PC、BD中点∴EO∥PA,…(4分)又EO⊄平面PAD,PA⊂平面PAD.…(6分)∴EO∥平面PAD.…(7分)(Ⅲ)不论点E在何位置,都有BD⊥AE,…(8分)证明如下:∵ABCD是正方形,∴BD⊥AC,…(9分)∵PC⊥底面ABCD且BD⊂平面ABCD,∴BD⊥PC,…(10分)又∵AC∩PC=C,∴BD⊥平面PAC,…(11分)∵不论点E在何位置,都有AE⊂平面PAC,∴不论点E在何位置,都有BD⊥AE.…(12分)19.(10分)设直线l的方程为(a+1)x+y+2﹣a=0(a∈R).(1)若l在两坐标轴上的截距相等,求l的方程;(2)若l不经过第二象限,求实数a的取值范围.【解答】解:(1)令x=0,得y=a﹣2.令y=0,得(a≠﹣1).∵l在两坐标轴上的截距相等,∴,解之,得a=2或a=0.∴所求的直线l方程为3x+y=0或x+y+2=0.(2)直线l的方程可化为y=﹣(a+1)x+a﹣2.∵l不过第二象限,∴,∴a≤﹣1.∴a的取值范围为(﹣∞,﹣1].20.(12分)如图,在棱长为1的正方体中,P是侧棱CC1上的一点,CP=m(1)试确定m,使直线AP与平面BDD1B1所成角的正切值为;(2)在线段A1C1上是否存在一个定点Q,使得对任意的m,D1Q在平面APD1上的射影垂直于AP,并证明你的结论.【解答】解:(1)连AC,设AC与BD相交于点O,AP与平面BDD1B1相交于点G,连接OG,因为PC∥平面BDD1B1,平面BDD1B1∩平面APC=OG,故OG∥PC,所以,OG=PC=.又AO⊥BD,AO⊥BB1,所以AO⊥平面BDD1B1,故∠AGO是AP与平面BDD1B1所成的角.在Rt△AOG中,tan∠AGO=,即m=.所以,当m=时,直线AP与平面BDD1B1所成的角的正切值为4.(2)可以推测,点Q应当是A I C I的中点,当是中点时因为D1O1⊥A1C1,且D1O1⊥A1A,A1C1∩A1A=A1,所以D1O1⊥平面ACC1A1,又AP⊂平面ACC1A1,故D1O1⊥AP.那么根据三垂线定理知,D1O1在平面APD1的射影与AP垂直.21.(12分)已知平行四边形ABCD(如图1),AB=4,AD=2,∠DAB=60°,E为AB的中点,把三角形ADE沿DE折起至A1DE位置,使得A1C=4,F是线段A1C的中点(如图2).(1)求证:BF∥面A1DE;(2)求证:面A1DE⊥面DEBC;(3)求二面角A1﹣DC﹣E的正切值.【解答】解:(1)证明:如图,取DA1的中点G,连FG,GE;F为A1C中点;∴GF∥DC,且;∴四边形BFGE是平行四边形;∴BF∥EG,EG⊂平面A1DE,BF⊄平面A1DE;∴BF∥平面A1DE;(2)证明:如图,取DE的中点H,连接A1H,CH;AB=4,AD=2,∠DAB=60°,E为AB的中点;∴△DAE为等边三角形,即折叠后△DA1E也为等边三角形;∴A1H⊥DE,且;在△DHC中,DH=1,DC=4,∠HDC=60°;根据余弦定理,可得:HC2=1+16﹣4=13,在△A1HC中,,,A1C=4;∴,即A1H⊥HC,DE∩HC=H;∴A1H⊥面DEBC;又A1H⊂面A1DE;∴面A1DE⊥面DEBC;(3)如上图,过H作HO⊥DC于O,连接A1O;A1H⊥面DEBC;∴A1H⊥DC,A1H∩HO=H;∴DC⊥面A1HO;∴DC⊥A1O,DC⊥HO;∴∠A1OH是二面角A1﹣DC﹣E的平面角;在Rt△A1HO中,,;故tan;所以二面角A1﹣DC﹣E的正切值为2.22.(12分)已知函数g(x)=ax2﹣2ax+1+b(a≠0,b<1),在区间[2,3]上有最大值4,最小值1,设f(x)=.(1)求a,b的值;(2)不等式f(2x)﹣k•2x≥0在x∈[﹣1,1]上恒成立,求实数k的取值范围;(3)方程f(|2x﹣1|)+k(﹣3)有三个不同的实数解,求实数k的取值范围.【解答】附加题:(本题共10分)解:(1)g(x)=a(x﹣1)2+1+b﹣a,当a>0时,g(x)在[2,3]上为增函数,故,可得,⇔.当a<0时,g(x)在[2,3]上为减函数.故可得可得,∵b<1∴a=1,b=0即g(x)=x2﹣2x+1.f(x)=x+﹣2.…(3分)(2)方程f(2x)﹣k•2x≥0化为2x+﹣2≥k•2x,k≤1+﹣令=t,k≤t2﹣2t+1,∵x∈[﹣1,1],∴t,记φ(t)=t2﹣2t+1,∴φ(t)min=0,∴k≤0.…(6分)(3)由f(|2x﹣1|)+k(﹣3)=0得|2x﹣1|+﹣(2+3k)=0,|2x﹣1|2﹣(2+3k)|2x﹣1|+(1+2k)=0,|2x﹣1|≠0,令|2x﹣1|=t,则方程化为t2﹣(2+3k)t+(1+2k)=0(t≠0),∵方程|2x﹣1|+﹣(2+3k)=0有三个不同的实数解,∴由t=|2x﹣1|的图象(如右图)知,t2﹣(2+3k)t+(1+2k)=0有两个根t1、t2,且0<t1<1<t2或0<t1<1,t2=1,记φ(t)=t2﹣(2+3k)t+(1+2k),则或∴k>0.…(10分)。
人教版高一(上)期末数学试卷一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题3分,共36分.在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出22C.3A.c>b>a B.b>c>a C.a>b>c D.c>a>b9.(3 分)某商场在2017 年元旦开展“购物折上折”活动,商场内所有商品先按标价打八折,折后价格每满500 元再减100 元,如某商品标价1500 元,则购买该商品的实际付款额为1500×0.8﹣200=1000 元.设购买某商品的实际折扣率=,某人欲购买标价为2700元的商品,那么他可以享受的实际折扣率约为(11.(3 分)若函数y=f(x)的定义域为{x|﹣2≤x≤3,且x≠2},值域为{y|﹣1≤y≤2,且y ≠0},则y=f(x)的图象可能是()C.12.(3 分)关于x 的方程(a>0,且a≠1)解的个数是(二、填空题:本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分.a若存在x ,x ∈R,x ≠x ,使f(x )=f(x )12121219.(10 分)已知全集U=R,集合A={x∈R|2x﹣3≥0},B={x|1<x<2},C={x∈N|1≤x<a}.(Ⅰ)求A∪B;21.(10分)已知函数f(x)=kx+2x为奇函数,函数g(x)=a﹣1(a>0,且a≠1).2(Ⅱ)若F(|x﹣a|)+F(2x﹣1)=0,求实数a的值;时,求h(x)=cosx•F(x+sinx)的零点个数和值域.一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题3分,共36分.在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出2【解答】解:由题意知,M={x∈R|x+2x=0}={﹣2,0},2则由l=rα,可得:α==.故选:B.∴=3.故选:C.4.(3分)二次函数f(x)=ax+bx+1的最小值为f(1)=0,则a﹣b=()22∴C.【解答】解:对于A,函数g(x)=x﹣1(x∈R),与函数f(x)=|x﹣1|(x∈R)的对应关系=|x﹣1|(x≠1),与函数f(x)=|x﹣1|(x∈R)的定义域不=x﹣1(x≥1),与函数f(x)=|x﹣1|(x∈R)的定义域不同,=|x﹣1|(x∈R),与函数f(x)=|x﹣1|(x∈R)的定义域相同,3A.c>b>a B.b>c>a C.a>b>c D.c>a>b33∴g(﹣x)+g(x)=0,即2+﹣m+2﹣﹣m=0,9.(3 分)某商场在2017 年元旦开展“购物折上折”活动,商场内所有商品先按标价打八折,折后价格每满500 元再减100 元,如某商品标价1500 元,则购买该商品的实际付款额为1500×0.8﹣200=1000 元.设购买某商品的实际折扣率=,某人欲购买标价为2700元的商品,那么他可以享受的实际折扣率约为(A.55% B.65% C.75% D.80%11.(3分)若函数y=f(x)的定义域为{x|﹣2≤x≤3,且x≠2},值域为{y|﹣1≤y≤2,且y ≠0},则y=f(x)的图象可能是()C.12.(3分)关于x的方程(a>0,且a≠1)解的个数是(A.2B.1C.0D.不确定的x22x2xg(x)=﹣x+2x+a在[0,1]上单调递增,在[1,+∞)上单调递减,且g(0)=a,g(1)=1+a,2xg(x)=﹣x+2x+a在[0,1]上单调递增,在[1,+∞)上单调递减,且g(0)=a,g(1)=1+a,2二、填空题:本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分.的定义域为(﹣∞,3].tan(π﹣α)=﹣tanα=﹣故答案为:﹣;2.aa2a∴x=故答案为:222所以2;故答案为:﹣∴若存在x,x∈R,x≠x,使f(x)=f(x)121212成立,则实数a的取值范围是(﹣∞,).x若a>0,则f(x)<2﹣3a,若存在x,x∈R,x≠x,使f(x)=f(x)成立,则2﹣3a>0,121212若a>0,则f(x)<2﹣3a,若存在x,x∈R,x≠x,使f(x)=f(x)成立,则2﹣3a>0,121212故答案为:(﹣∞,)三、解答题:本大题共4个小题,40分,解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤.19.(10分)已知全集U=R,集合A={x∈R|2x﹣3≥0},B={x|1<x<2},C={x∈N|1≤x<a}.(Ⅰ)求A∪B;当C≠∅,可得1≤a≤2,一个横坐标为的交点,的图象上所有点的横坐标变为原来的令2kπ﹣≤2x≤2kπ+,求得kπ﹣≤x≤kπ+,可得h(x)的增区间为[kπ﹣,kπ+],k∈Z.21.(10分)已知函数f(x)=kx+2x为奇函数,函数g(x)=a﹣1(a>0,且a≠1).2【解答】解:(Ⅰ)∵函数f(x)=kx+2x为奇函数,2222x0<a<1,函数g(x)在[﹣1,2]上单调递减,x=2时g(x)在[﹣1,2]上的最小值为a﹣1;4a>1,函数g(x)在[﹣1,2]上单调递增,x=﹣1时g(x)在[﹣1,2]上的最小值为a﹣1.2(Ⅱ)若F(|x﹣a|)+F(2x﹣1)=0,求实数a的值;时,求h(x)=cosx•F(x+sinx)的零点个数和值域.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)定义2222则h(x)的零点个数为2;当x+sinx<x,即π<x≤时,h(x)=﹣cosx∈[,1).一个横坐标为的交点,的图象上所有点的横坐标变为原来的令2kπ﹣≤2x≤2kπ+,求得kπ﹣≤x≤kπ+,可得h(x)的增区间为[kπ﹣,kπ+],k∈Z.21.(10分)已知函数f(x)=kx+2x为奇函数,函数g(x)=a﹣1(a>0,且a≠1).2【解答】解:(Ⅰ)∵函数f(x)=kx+2x为奇函数,2222x0<a<1,函数g(x)在[﹣1,2]上单调递减,x=2时g(x)在[﹣1,2]上的最小值为a﹣1;4a>1,函数g(x)在[﹣1,2]上单调递增,x=﹣1时g(x)在[﹣1,2]上的最小值为a﹣1.2(Ⅱ)若F(|x﹣a|)+F(2x﹣1)=0,求实数a的值;时,求h(x)=cosx•F(x+sinx)的零点个数和值域.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)定义2222则h(x)的零点个数为2;当x+sinx<x,即π<x≤时,h(x)=﹣cosx∈[,1).。
人教版高一上学期语文期末考试试题(带答案解析) 一、混合默写1.在横线上填写诗文原句。
(1)静女其姝,俟我于城隅。
_____,_____。
(《诗经·邶风·静女》)(2)《荀子·劝学》里的“_____,_____”这两句中,作者将“思”与“学”进行对比,强调了“学”的重要性。
(3)_____,_____?惑而不从师,其为惑也,终不解矣。
(韩愈《师说》)(4)李煜《虞美人(春花秋月何时了)》中以水喻愁、将抽象的情感形象化的句子是“_____,_____。
”二、选择题2.许多成语源自《论语》,给人以丰富的教益。
下列对相关成语的解说,不正确的一项是()A.子曰:“吾十有五而志于学,三十而立,四十而不惑,五十而知天命,六十而耳顺,七十而从心所欲,不逾矩。
”(《论语·为政》)从心所欲:随自己的心意,想怎么样就怎么样。
鼓励大家追求无拘无束、无欲无求的生活。
B.子曰:“君子不器。
”(《论语·为政》)君子不器:君子不能像器皿一样只有单一的用途。
启示我们不囿于一技之长,应求“道”。
C.子曰:“君子周而不比,小人比而不周。
”(《论语·为政》)周而不比:团结而不勾结。
使人认识到要以公正之心待人,不怀成见及私心,不徇私护短。
D.子曰:“非其鬼而祭之,谄也。
见义不为,无勇也。
”(《论语·为政》)见义勇为:见到合乎正义的事就奋勇地去做。
启发我们要勇担道义和职责,成为仁义之人。
三、文言文阅读阅读下面的文言文,完成下列小题。
赤壁赋苏轼壬戌之秋,七月既望,苏子与客泛舟游于赤壁之下。
清风徐来,水波不兴。
举酒属客,诵明月之诗,歌窈窕之章。
少焉,月出于东山之上,徘徊于斗牛之间。
白露横江,水光接天。
纵一苇之所如,凌万顷之茫然。
浩浩乎如冯虚御风,而不知其所止;飘飘乎如遗世独立,羽化而登仙。
于是饮酒乐甚,扣舷而歌之。
歌曰:“桂棹兮兰桨,击空明兮溯流光。
渺渺兮予怀,望美人兮天一方。
人教版物理高一上学期期末复习试题(答案在后面)一、单项选择题(本大题有7小题,每小题4分,共28分)1、在下列关于力的说法中,正确的是()A、力是物体对物体的作用,单独一个物体不会有力的作用B、力的作用效果有两个:一是改变物体的形状,二是改变物体的运动状态C、物体间力的作用是相互的,物体受到力的同时,一定对另一个物体施加了力D、力的单位是牛顿,用字母N表示2、关于速度,以下说法正确的是()A、速度是表示物体运动快慢的物理量,速度越大,物体运动越快B、速度的单位是米每秒,用字母ms表示C、物体的速度为零,则物体一定处于静止状态D、物体在单位时间内通过的路程称为速度3、一个质点在做直线运动的过程中,若加速度保持不变,则该质点处于何种运动状态?()A、匀速直线运动B、匀加速直线运动C、匀减速直线运动D、非匀变速运动4、两个大小相等、方向相反的力作用在同一物体上,其中一个力消失了,物体的运动状态会发生什么变化?()A、物体停止不动B、物体的速度逐渐减小C、物体做匀速直线运动D、物体的速度保持不变5、一质量为m的小球以速度v0从水平面上一高度h处自由下落,不计空气阻力,则小球落地前瞬间速度v的表达式为().A. v = sqrt(2gh)B. v = sqrt(gh)C. v = v0 + ghD. v = sqrt(v0^2 + 2gh)6、一物体在水平面上作匀速直线运动,其加速度为a,若突然受到一个与其速度方向成θ角度的恒定力F作用,则物体在力F作用下的加速度a’为()A. a’B. a’C. a’D. a’7、一物体做匀加速直线运动,若第1秒末的速度为2m/s,第2秒末的速度为4m/s,则物体的加速度为()m/s²。
A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4二、多项选择题(本大题有3小题,每小题6分,共18分)1、(1)一个物体在水平桌面上受到两个互相垂直的力F1和F2的作用,F1的大小是F2大小的两倍,那么这两个力的合力为:A. F1B. F2C. F1 + F2D. F1 - F2E.√F12+F222、(2)飞行员在执行任务时,对飞机进行加力加速,以下关于飞机能量的说法正确的是:A. 动能增加B. 势能增加C. 内能增加D.机械能增加E. 以上均可能3、以下哪些说法关于力的合成与分解是正确的?A. 力的合成遵循平行四边形法则B. 力的分解遵循平行四边形法则C. 力的合成可以减小作用效果D. 力的分解可以增加作用效果三、非选择题(前4题每题10分,最后一题14分,总分54分)第一题题目:一质量为2 kg的物体在光滑水平面上受到一个大小为10 N的水平拉力作用,物体从静止开始移动。
某某省实验中学2017-2018学年高一数学上学期期末考试试题第Ⅰ卷(共60分)一、选择题:本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1. 已知集合,,则()A. B. C. D.【答案】A【解析】则故选2. 直线的倾斜角是()A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】直线的斜率为直线的倾斜角为:,可得:故选3. 计算,其结果是()A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】原式故选4. 已知四面体中,,分别是,的中点,若,,,则与所成角的度数为()A. B. C. D.【答案】D【解析】如图,取的中点,连接,,则,(或补角)是与所成的角,,,,,而故选5. 直线在轴上的截距是()A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】直线在轴上的截距就是在直线方程中,令自变量,直线在轴上的截距为故选6. 已知,是两个不同的平面,给出下列四个条件:①存在一条直线,使得,;②存在两条平行直线,,使得,,,;③存在两条异面直线,,使得,,,;④存在一个平面,使得,.其中可以推出的条件个数是()A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4【答案】B【解析】当,不平行时,不存在直线与,都垂直,,,故正确;存在两条平行直线,,,,,,则,相交或平行,所以不正确;存在一个平面,使得,,则,相交或平行,所以不正确;故选7. 已知梯形是直角梯形,按照斜二测画法画出它的直观图(如图所示),其中,,,则直角梯形边的长度是()A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】根据斜二测画法,原来的高变成了方向的线段,且长度是原高的一半,原高为而横向长度不变,且梯形是直角梯形,故选8. 经过点的直线到,两点的距离相等,则直线的方程为()A. B.C. 或D. 都不对【答案】C【解析】当直线的斜率不存在时,直线显然满足题意;当直线的斜率存在时,设直线的斜率为则直线为,即由到直线的距离等于到直线的距离得:,化简得:或(无解),解得直线的方程为综上,直线的方程为或故选9. 已知函数的图象与函数(,)的图象交于点,如果,那么的取值X围是()A. B. C. D.【答案】D【解析】由已知中两函数的图象交于点,由指数函数的性质可知,若,则,即,由于,所以且,解得,故选D.点睛:本题考查了指数函数与对数函数的应用,其中解答中涉及到指数函数的图象与性质、对数函数的图象与性质,以及不等式关系式得求解等知识点的综合考查,着重考查了学生分析问题和解答问题的能力,本题的解答中熟记指数函数与对数函数的图象与性质,构造关于的不等式是解答的关键,试题比较基础,属于基础题.10. 矩形中,,,沿将矩形折成一个直二面角,则四面体的外接球的体积是()A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】由题意知,球心到四个顶点的距离相等,球心在对角线上,且其半径为长度的一半为故选11. 若关于的方程在区间上有解,则实数的取值X围是()A. B. C. D.【答案】A【解析】由题意可得:函数在区间上的值域为实数的取值X围是故选点睛:本小题考查的是学生对函数最值的应用的知识点的掌握。
2024年人教版物理高一上学期期末复习试卷(答案在后面)一、单项选择题(本大题有7小题,每小题4分,共28分)1、题干:在下列关于物理量的描述中,正确的是:A、速度表示物体运动的快慢,单位是米/秒。
B、加速度表示物体速度变化的快慢,单位是米/平方秒。
C、力是改变物体运动状态的原因,单位是牛顿。
D、功是力与物体在力的方向上移动的距离的乘积,单位是焦耳。
2、题干:一个物体从静止开始沿直线加速运动,下列关于其运动状态的说法中,正确的是:A、物体的速度随时间均匀增加。
B、物体的加速度随时间均匀减小。
C、物体的位移随时间平方增加。
D、物体的动能随时间均匀增加。
3、关于质点的概念,下列说法正确的是()A、凡是质量较小的物体都可以看作质点B、凡是体积较小的物体都可以看作质点C、在某些情况下,地球可以看作质点D、质点是一种理想化的物理模型4、一个物体做匀速直线运动,下列关于该物体速度、加速度的说法正确的是()A、速度增大,加速度增大B、速度减小,加速度减小C、速度不变,加速度为零D、加速度的大小、方向始终保持不变5、下列关于水的沸点的描述正确的是:A、水在一个大气压下沸点是100℃。
B、水的沸点会随着气压的降低而升高。
C、液态水的沸点和液态油的沸点相同。
D、水在非标准大气压下的沸点可以达到冰点以下。
6、一个物体的质量为2kg,在水平面上受到10N的水平推力,物体开始运动,但速度增加得比较慢。
以下关于物体受到的阻力的说法正确的是:A、物体受到的阻力不可能大于推力。
B、物体受到的阻力一定为0,因为物体开始运动了。
C、物体受到的阻力等于推力。
D、物体受到的阻力大于推力。
7、一物体从静止开始沿光滑水平面加速运动,其加速度大小为(a),经过时间(t)后速度达到(v),则物体在这段时间内通过的距离(s)为:at2)A.(12atv)B.(12avt)C.(12D.(atv)二、多项选择题(本大题有3小题,每小题6分,共18分)1、关于质点的概念,下列说法中正确的是()。
RevisionI. 请把下列各句中的直接引语变为间接引语。
1. He says, “I cleaned the window this morning.”He says that .2. He will say, “My father is an engineer.”He will say that .3. He said, “I was born in 1949.”He told me that .4. The teacher said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”The teacher said that .5. He said, “The railway has been completed.”He said .6. The teacher asked, “Can you answer the question?”The teacher .7. He asked, “Have you seen this film, John?”He .8. My mother asked, “When will you be back?”My mother asked me .9. She asked Xiao Li, “What are you doing?”She asked Xiao Li . 10. People may ask, “How does a computer work?”People may ask .II. 下列各句均有一处错误,请改正。
1. The teacher said China lay in the east of Asia.2. I asked he understood me.3. He told me he would go to Shanghai next day.4. I wish I came yesterday.5. He suggested I would go with him the next day.6. He said he had seen the film ago.7. My sister told me she must attend an important meeting.8. Tom said he would rather I came the day before.9. Bill said he would see his mother tomorrow.10. He said me not to talk at the meeting.III. 定语从句专项练习1. 用定语从句翻译下列句子。
1)这就是我最喜欢的那本杂志。
2)这是我曾经住过的村庄。
3)正在唱歌的女孩是我的同学。
4)全心全意为人民的人应当受到尊重。
5)应当做的事情都已经做了。
2. 句型比较1.①The man she married last year was a soldier.A whomB to whomC with whom D.whose②The man she was married was a soldier.A whomB to whomC with whomD who2.①The reason she gave up teaching was her serious illness.A for thatB for whichC which D.why②The reason he was dismissed is not difficult to explain.A thatB for whichC whichD for that3.①The day she spent with us was never to be forgotten.A./ B.on which C when D.in which②The day she played with us was never to be forgotten.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. /4. ① Is this the factory you visited last week?A whereB which C. to which D. in which② Is this factory you visited last week?A. that B which C in which D. the one5. ① The house window faces south is for the doctor.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. of which② The house faces south is for the doctor.A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. where6. ① She brought forward a plan we couldn’t agree.A. thatB. which C / D. to which②She brought forward a plan we couldn’t accept.A. /B. for whichC. to which D .of which7. ① The invention she spent 2 years will do well to the world.A. whichB. /C. on whichD. when②The invention took her 2 years will do well to the world.A. whichB. /C. on whichD. it8. ① The English subject, I do well , is important in middle schools.A whichB thatC in which D. at which②The English subject , I have mastered well , is important in middle school.A /B at whichC thatD in which9. ①Tom, I went to the concert , is a friend of mine.A whomB whoC with whichD whose②Tom,bicycle 1 went to the concert,is a friend of mine.A whomB whoC whoseD on whose10.①The place you visited during your holidays is where I used to be for yearsA whereB whichC in which D.to which②The place you stayed for 3 years is where an ancient city used to be.A whereB whichC thatD to which3. 单项选择题:1. I, ___your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who isB. who amC. that isD. which am2. The old man has two sons, ___are lawyers.A. both of themB. both of whoC. both of whomD. both of they3. He is a man of great knowledge, ___much can be learned.A .in whom B. about whom C. from whom D. of whom4. I can tell you ___he told me last week.A. all whichB. all whatC. that allD. all that5. Is oxygen the only gas ___helps fire burn?A. thatB./C. whichD. what6. Air, ___we breathe every day, is around us all the time.A. thatB./C. whichD. it7. This is the museum ____we saw an exhibition the other day.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. in that8. This museum is ___you visited the other day.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. the one9. This is the museum ___you saw the other day.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that10. It is the third time ___late this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrivedC. that you’ve arrivedD. when you’ve arrived11. It was in 1969___the American astronaut succeeded in landingon the moon.A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. when12..We often think of the days ___we spent together on the island.A. whenB. whichC. in whichD. during which13. Have you ever been to Shanghai, ____I left ten years ago?A. whereB. whichC. thatD. when14. He has left Beijing, ___a meeting is to be held.A. whenB. whereC. asD. which15. This is the very place ___I’m wishing to live in.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. in which16.I have bought the same dress ____she is wearing.A. asB. thatC. which D than17.Can you solve such problems ___raised by the audience?A. what wereB. as wereC. that wereD. which were18.The reason ___he didn’t come was ____he was injured.A. that, becauseB. why, thatC. why, becauseD. that, that19.He must be from Africa, ____can be seen from his skin.A. thatB. asC. itD. what20.His father died last year, ____made it impossible for him to go abroad.A. whenB. whichC. asD. that21.___is natural, he married Mary.A. ItB. WhatC. WhichD. As22.The buses, ____were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. most of themB. most of whichC. which mostD. that most23.All___is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which24.He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows, most of ___had not beencleaned for years.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. which25.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______she could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom26. This is one of the means ____the electric energy is conducted from one place to another.A. by whichB. by thatC. through whichD. through that27. The place ___you are going to visit is the ruin of a place.A. in whichB. at whichC. whereD. which28. The factory ___I am going to is the place ___my mother used towork many years ago.A. where, whereB. where, whichC. which, whereD. that, which29. Don’t do such things ___you are not sure about.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what30. Rober is good at language, ____we all know.A. becauseB. forC. asD. since4.改错1.Is this the book your father bought it for you?2.Who is the comrade you talked with him?3.Have you been to the place where she works there ?4.They are talking about the people and the things which they saw on their way home.5.This is the very thing which I can tell you.6.Is this all what you Wahl to say?7.Shanghai is the biggest cit y,that has a population of more than ten million.8.Which is the clock which is made in China?9.Who is the man who is speaking to your mother?10.I shall never forget the days when I spent with you·11.He has written a book.the name of it I have forgotten.12.Father came back on April 4th when was my birthday.13.Is this factory which you set up yourselves?14.Is this the city where you visited last year?15.This is the necklace for which she is looking.RevisionKeys:I. 1. he had cleaned the window that morning2. his father is an engineer3. he was born in 19494. light travels much faster than sound5. (that) the railway had been completed6. asked me if (whether) I could answer the question7. asked John if (whether) he had seen that film8. when I would be back9. what he was doing10. how a computer worksII. 1. lay→lies 2. asked后加if / whether 3. next前加the 4. came→had come 5. would→should 6. ago→before 7. must→had to8. came→had come 9. tomorrow→the next day 10. said→asked / toldIII. 定语从句专项练习I. 1. This is the magazine I like best.2. This is the village where I used to live.3. The girl who is singing is one of my classmates.4. Those who serve the people heart and soul should be respected.5. Everything that should be done has been done.II.句型比较1-5 AB BD,B AB BD CA 6-10DA CA CA CD BA 11-14 CA A C CA ABIII.单项填空:1-5 BCCDA 6-10CCDAC 11-15ABBBC16-20ABBBB 21-25 DBBDD 26-30ADCCCIV.改错答案与分析:1.去掉it。