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2017-2018学年高一英语北师大版必修三习题:Unit 8 课下能力提升(七) Word版含答案

2017-2018学年高一英语北师大版必修三习题:Unit 8 课下能力提升(七) Word版含答案
2017-2018学年高一英语北师大版必修三习题:Unit 8 课下能力提升(七) Word版含答案

Unit 8 课下能力提升(七)

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.I was s________ when I heard about your accident.

2.Teamwork is required in order to achieve these a________.

3.His a________ is to become a great scientist in the future.

4.The doctor told him it was ________ (没有希望的) to cure his disease, but he is still alive today.

5.She welcomed us with a c________ greeting.

6.In the past, studying abroad was a ________ (遥远的) dream for most people.

7.I can finish the difficult task w________ five days.

8.She became weaker and weaker because of ________ (悲伤).

9.The old machine won't f________ properly if you don't oil it regularly.

10.A good teacher should have great p________ when dealing with a naughty student.

Ⅱ.选词填空

in preparation for, run out of, on one's way, get away from, break down, carry on, with great patience, make into

1.She listened to his excuses ____________.

2.He is practising every day, ____________ the ice-skating championship.

3.We ____________ petrol the other day.

4.The bus I took ____________ halfway, so I was late.

5.Every day she passed the church ____________ to the Health Centre.

6.You'll be able to read well with a dictionary and ____________ simple conversations.

7.The play had a long run on Broadway before being ____________ a movie.

8.I enjoy my work, but sometimes I'd really like to ____________ it all.

Ⅲ.课文缩写语法填空

On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott began his journey 1.________ the Antarctic. At the same time, the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south. During the polar summer, both teams organised food bases in 2.________ (prepare) for their journeys. Amundsen reached the Antarctic first. Then he prepared for the return journey. Scott finally arrived at the pole. They were 3.________ (shock) when they saw the Norwegian flag. Scott wrote sadly in his diary:“Well, we have now lost the goal 4.________ our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing — and goodbye to most of our

5.________ (dream).”

The return journey was one of the worst in the 6.________ (explore). The weather conditions were terrible. Scott realised their 7.________ (hope) situation:“...we are very cheerful, but 8.________ each man feels in his heart I can only guess ...”. Then a terrible storm started. Scott spent some of his last hours writing. He wrote a letter full of 9.________ (sad) to his wife. The news of Scott's death shocked the world. He had failed 10.________ (win) the race to the pole, but the extraordinary courage shown by Captain Scott and his men made them into heroes.

Ⅳ.阅读理解

A

Sir Ernest Shackleton was an explorer who was born in southern Ireland, but grew up in London. In 1901 Shackleton got a place on Captain Scott's first Antarctic expedition (探险队) on the Discovery. In 1907, he led his own British Antarctic Expedition on the Nimrod and received a hero's welcome when he returned.

After Scott died in 1912, Shackleton chose to tackle the challenge of Antarctica in a different way. He decided he would try to journey across the Antarctic from one side to the other through the South Pole.

In 1914, Shackleton led a party on the ship Endurance cross the Antarctic from one side to the other. On 19 January 1915, Endurance became locked in the ice of the sea. Over the course of the next nine months the ship was gradually destroyed, finally sinking on 27 October. It proved impossible for the 28 men to pull their boats and stores across the frozen sea, so Shackleton camped on the ice and drifted (漂流) with it.

Shackleton and his men were cold and exhausted, and weak from the difficulties of the journey. They knew they would not be found and could not all sail further. Therefore, Shackleton and five others left most of the party behind and reached the nearest island where they found help and the whole party survived.

Although the expedition failed because Shackleton did not reach the South Pole, in other ways it was his biggest success. He overcame (战胜) great difficulties to bring his men safely home after the Endurance was trapped and destroyed.

On 5 January 1922, Shackleton died of a heart attack. He was on his way to the Antarctic again, on board another ship the Quest.

1.The underlined word “tackle” in the second paragraph probably means “________”.A.think of B.turn down

C.talk about D.deal with

2.Shackleton's most difficult journey of exploration was on the ship ________.A.Discovery B.Nimrod

C.Endurance D.Quest

3.Why did the expedition on the Endurance become Shac-kleton's biggest success?

A.He received a hero's welcome when he returned.

B.He managed to get help and save the lives of the whole party.

C.He and his men pulled their boats and stores across the frozen sea.

D.He and five other men reached the nearest island to the South Pole.

4.What can be inferred from the passage?

A.Captain Scott was the first to reach the South Pole.

B.Shackleton was a determined and responsible man.

C.Scott and Shackleton both died of heart attacks.

D.Scott and Shackleton were good friends for many years.

B

Traffic jams result in loss of time — and loss of health, according to recent research. It has already been proven that fumes (烟雾) from cars and trucks are linked to heart and lung (肺) disease and cancer. Now scientists have found that they may also harm brain cells and nerves (神经), according to The Wall Street Journal on November 8.

Experiments by scientists around the world suggest that traffic fumes can affect people's mental ability, intelligence and emotional stability (稳定性).“There is real cause for concern,” said neurochemist (神经化学专家) Annette Kirshner at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences in North Carolina, US.“But we ought to proceed (推进) with caution.”

Currently scientists are not sure what the exact effects will be on people's brains and behavior.

Scientists in the Netherlands recently discovered that breathing traffic fumes for just 30 minutes can increase electrical activity in parts of the brain that control behavior, personality and decision-making.

Research teams in New York, Boston, Beijing, and Krakow (Poland) found that children

who live in areas affected by heavy traffic fumes had lower scores in IQ tests. They were also more likely to suffer depression (抑郁), anxiety and attention problems than children who grew up breathing cleaner air.

It was also found that older men and women who had long been breathing traffic fumes had memory and reasoning problems.

Vehicles today don't let out as much pollution as they did in 1970, only about one tenth of what it was then. However, there are more cars on the roads today and they get stuck in traffic more often. Drivers traveling on the busiest roads in the US spend an average of 140 hours in traffic jams every year, about the same time they spend in the office in a month.

Scientists believe that even if it is not possible to reduce the number of cars on the road, as long as simple steps can be taken to speed up the traffic, public health problems can be greatly reduced.

5.According to the article, it has been newly discovered that ________.

A.traffic jams are a waste of time

B.fumes may cause heart and lung cancer

C.fumes may harm people's mental abilities

D.traffic jams can affect people's behavior

6.What effect do traffic fumes have on the human brain?

A.They increase electrical activity in parts of the brain.

B.They weaken the ability to make decisions.

C.They kill healthy cells in the brain.

D.They cause brain disorders.

7.According to the article, people who have long been breathing traffic fumes might suffer all the following EXCEPT________.

A.attention problems B.reasoning problems

C.emotional problems D.eyesight problems

8.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.Scientists have proven the exact effects of traffic fumes on mental health.

B.Vehicles today let out much more pollution than they did in 1970.

C.There are heavy traffic jams nowadays due to the large number of cars.

D.There is no need to reduce the number of cars on the road.

Ⅴ.语法填空

A young man and an old man were waiting for a bus. 1.________ sat next to each

other.“What's that in your bag?”asked the young man, pointing to a big bag beside the old man.

“Gold. There was nothing but gold,”answered the old man. The young man could not believe his own ears and was 2.________ great surprise. Then he began to think about 3.________ to get the money. The old man was very tired and it seemed that he could hardly keep his eyes open. After a while the old man 4.________ (lie) down on the chair and fell asleep.

The young man took 5.________ big bag gently and quietly. But when he was just about to run away, he found a corner of his fur (毛皮) coat was under the old man's body. Several times he tried to pull it out, 6.________ in vain (白费). At last he took off his coat, 7.________ (think) that the gold in the bag must cost far more than his fur coat.

Worried but 8.________ (delight), the young man ran out of the station as quickly as his legs could carry him, until he reached a place 9.________ he thought the old man couldn't find him. He stopped and quickly opened the bag but he just found a great many of small stones in it. Then he ran back to the station 10.________ (hurry) only to find that the old man was gone.

答案:

Ⅰ.1.shocked 2.aims 3.ambition 4.hopeless 5.cheerful 6.distant 7.within 8.sadness 9.function 10.patience

Ⅱ.1.with great patience 2.in preparation for 3.ran out of 4.broke down 5.on her way

6.carry on 7.made into 8.get away from

Ⅲ.1.to 2.preparation 3.shocked 4.of 5.dreams 6.exploration 7.hopeless 8.what 9.sadness 10.to win

Ⅳ.语篇解读:本文主要讲了Shackleton和他的船队极地探险之旅。

1.解析:选D 词义猜测题。根据下文可知Shackleton在Scott死后继续了他的极地探险,故此处tackle与deal with意义相近,表示“应对(挑战)”。

2.解析:选C 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知Shackleton乘Endurance在海上遭遇了冰的封堵,船最终毁掉下沉。故这次最为艰难。

3.解析:选B 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知Shackleton的成功之处在于他将他的队员安全带到家,拯救了整个团队。

4.解析:选B 推理判断题。从文章中不难看出Shackleton不仅不畏艰难,勇于去探险,还在关键时刻为自己的队员负责,努力帮助他们脱离险境,故他是一个意志坚定且很负责任的人。

语篇解读:本文主要讲了汽车尾气对精神健康的危害。

5.解析:选C 细节理解题。A、B两项虽然是事实,但是早就被证明了,不是新发现。D项文中没有提到,只是说“parts of the brain that control beh avior, personality and decision -making”,并非影响行为。

6.解析:选A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...can increase electrical activity in parts of the brain ...”可知A项正确。

7.解析:选D 细节理解题。文中没说汽车尾气会影响视力。

8.解析:选C 细节理解题。从第八段中的“However, there are more cars on the roads today and they get stuck in traffic more often.”可判断C项正确。

Ⅴ.1.They 2.in 3.how https://www.doczj.com/doc/bf15676872.html,y 5.the 6.but 7.thinking

8.delighted 9.where 10.hurriedly

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