考前练习 英汉翻译

重点词汇练(二)语言学习Ⅰ.阅读词汇英译汉1.dictation n.2.drill n.& v.,操练3.official adj.;正式的;公务的4.voyage n.;航海5.scan vt.6.skim v.7.identity n.;本体;身份8.accent n.;腔调;重音9.enlarge vt.10.spell vt.111.practise v.12.pronounce vt.13.recite vt.14.retell vt.15.oral/spoken EnglishⅡ.基础词汇汉译英1.vt.以……为根据n.基部;基地;基础2.n.& vt.命令;指令;掌握3.n.& vt.请求;要求4.adv.直接;挺直adj.直的;笔直的;正直的5.adj.本国的;本地的n.本地人;本国人26.n.词汇量;词汇;词汇表7.vt.将……分类Ⅲ.核心词汇变中记1.n.译员;翻译→vt.翻译→n.翻译;译文2.vt.辨认出;承认;公认→n.承认;公认3.adj.流利的;流畅的→adv.流利地→fluency n.流利;流畅4.adj.频繁的;常见的→adv.频繁地5.n.词语;表达→vt.表达adj.快递的;快速的;特快的6.vt.使富裕;充实;改善→adj.富有的;丰富的7.adj.实际的→adv.实际上;事实上Ⅳ.主题短语大盘点e 走近;上来;被提出32.make use 利用;使用3.play a role/part 在……中扮演一个角色;参与……4.have a good command/knowledge 精通……5. present 目前;现在6.form the habit reading 养成阅读习惯7.keep/bear... mind 记住……8.learn... heart 背诵,记住9.look 查阅10.set/take/write/note 写下,记下11.pick (偶然)得到,听到,学会12.major 主修4Ⅴ.主题词汇句中练1.说和听对于语言学习来说很重要,通过说和听你肯定会取得巨大进步。

Translation Improvement（改错）例：原文：He asked after you．译文：他在你之后发问。

改译：他问起你的情况。

4) 等到所有的伤员都被转移了，白求恩大夫才离开医院。

译文：Dr．Bethune left the hospital until all the wounded soldiers were carried away.改正：Dr．Bethune didn’t leave the hospital until all the wounded soldiers were carried away. 5) 这篇文章给我们介绍了他们的教学方法。

译文：This article tells us their teaching method．改正：This article introduces us their teaching method．6) 工人们用的这些工作台需要加高。

译文：The worktables where the workers sit need being heightened．改正：The worktables where the workers sit need heightening．7) 海洋覆盖了地球表面的71％，是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分。

译文：The ocean covers 71 percent of the earth's surface and is a basic component of the global bio-support system．改正：The ocean covers 71 percent of the earth's surface and it is a basic component of the global bio-support system．8) 一班的学生和二班的一样专心。

英汉翻译练习11.She has made a reputation for herself through hard work.2.He has the reputation of being a blood-sucker.3.There is no wealth above the wealth of health.4.She fears no one as nothing.5.Our lives were so interdependent, dependent on every manknowing his job, that no lack of enthusiasm was tolerated, and that no one who was lackadaisical remained uncriticized and uncondemned.6.The early years of my life in an out-of-the-way village were fulland enjoyable, isolated but not lonely.7.He seems to be a changed man. Now he is understanding,forgiving of people and ready to help.8.After a sleepless night, during which Joe smoked a whole pack ofcigarettes, his eyes were blood-shot, and his breath smelled of tobacco.9.Very straightforward by nature, Mrs. Franck believes in speakingher mind.10.Cigarettes are the death of me. I became acquaintance with mykiller when I was 14.11.A miss is as good as a mile.12.My first marriage survived many storm s—from within andwithout—but no turbulence can compare to the agony of being becalmed. Like the Ancient Mariner, I inhabit “a painted ship on the painted sea”.Keys1.她勤奋工作为自己赢得了声誉。

英汉翻译常⽤的⽅法和技巧练习（⼆）⼀、翻译句⼦，注意right 在句中的词类来确定它的词义1. it is not right for children to sit up late 孩⼦们睡得晚不好adj2. the plane was right above out heads 飞机正好在我们头上⾯ adv3. in the negative, right and left, and black and white are reversed照⽚底⽚上，左右⿊⽩与正⽚恰好相反n4. she tried her best to right her husband from the charge of robbery她尽⼒为她丈夫被控抢劫伸冤v⼆、翻译句⼦，注意根据上下⽂及搭配关系来确定斜体词的词义account for1. he is ill; that accounts for his absence.他病了，这就是他缺席的原因2. In this battle he accounted for five of the enemy他在这场战⽃中消灭了五个敌⼈3. i want you to account for every cent you spent我要你把花费的每分钱都交代清楚make up1. if the stove isnt't made up, it will go out如不添煤，炉⼦就会熄灭2. there isn't any girl called Clementine. he's just made her up根本没有个叫。

的姑娘，全是他捏造出来的3. half the roads in the rigion are still to be made up这地区的路⾯有⼀半还没有修好4. society is made up of people with widely differing abilities.社会是由具有迥然不同的能⼒的⼈组成的figure1. the foreign trade has risen to unprecedented figures对外贸易的数字由了空前的增长2. dr. elion was one of the most revered figures in the world of learning。

重点词汇练(二)语言学习Ⅰ.阅读词汇英译汉1.dictation n.2.drill n.& v.,操练3.official adj.;正式的;公务的4.voyage n.;航海5.scan vt.6.skim v.7.identity n.;本体;身份8.accent n.;腔调;重音9.enlarge vt.10.spell vt.11.practise v.12.pronounce vt.13.recite vt.14.retell vt.15.oral/spoken EnglishⅡ.基础词汇汉译英1.vt.以……为根据n.基部;基地;基础2.n.& vt.命令;指令;掌握3.n.& vt.请求;要求4.adv.直接;挺直adj.直的;笔直的;正直的5.adj.本国的;本地的n.本地人;本国人6.n.词汇量;词汇;词汇表7.vt.将……分类Ⅲ.核心词汇变中记1.n.译员;翻译→vt.翻译→n.翻译;译文2.vt.辨认出;承认;公认→n.承认;公认3.adj.流利的;流畅的→adv.流利地→fluency n.流利;流畅4.adj.频繁的;常见的→adv.频繁地5.n.词语;表达→vt.表达adj.快递的;快速的;特快的6.vt.使富裕;充实;改善→adj.富有的;丰富的7.adj.实际的→adv.实际上;事实上Ⅳ.主题短语大盘点e 走近;上来;被提出2.make use 利用;使用3.play a role/part 在……中扮演一个角色;参与……4.have a good command/knowledge 精通……5. present 目前;现在6.form the habit reading 养成阅读习惯7.keep/bear... mind 记住……8.learn... heart 背诵,记住9.look 查阅10.set/take/write/note 写下,记下11.pick (偶然)得到,听到,学会12.major 主修Ⅴ.主题词汇句中练1.说和听对于语言学习来说很重要,通过说和听你肯定会取得巨大进步。

1、农历(lunar calendar)已使用了数千年。

今天，我们依然用农历来表示中国的传统节日。

农历由中国古代的朝代衍生而来。

现今使用的农历形成于公元前104年，汉朝汉武帝（Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty）统治时期。

该农历被称为太初历（taichu calendar）,跟今天使用的农历是一样的。

农历中的每一年都以一种动物来命名，如2012年是“龙年”。

共有12种动物，每12年循环一次。

The lunar calendar has been used for thousands of years.Today the traditional Chinese festivals are still lunar calendar festivals.The lunar calendar originated in the Chinese ancient dynasties.The current calendar was created during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in 104 BC.This calendar,which was called the taichu calendar,is the same lunar calendar as the one used nowadays.Each year in the lunar calendar is named after an animal.For example,2012 was the year of the dragon.There are 12 animals.Every 12 years the cycle repeats itself.2、秦始皇陵墓(the Mausoleum of the Emperor Qin Shihuang)坐落在陕西省西安市临潼区以东5公里的骊山北部，是中国历史上第一个皇帝的最终休眠之地。

《英汉翻译》练习题（1）夜大06英语本科1. Diction in translation 词义的选择Distinguish the original meaning of an English word by means of context.1. This war is becoming the most important story of his generation.2. It is quite another story now.3. Some reporters who were not included in the sessions broke the story.4. He’ll be very happy if that story holds up.5. The Rita Haywoth story is one of the saddest.6. A young man came to Scott’s office with a story.7. Last December, the Post first reported that probes were being made in each of those cities, but officials refused to confirm the story.8. The story about him became smaller and by and by faded out from the American TV.9. Tell me the story of what happened to you.10. The story of the opera was printed in the program.Distinguish the original meaning of an English word by means of collocation11. a fast car12. the fast growth13. fast music14. a fast journey15. fast color16. a fast film17. a fast oven18. fast asleep19. break one’s fast by drinking some milk20. stick fast in the mud2. Amplification in Translation 增译法21.A book，tight shut，is but a block of paper．22.Success is often just an idea away．23.Nothing happened in the night．24.Away flies the arrow!25.Tom Canty, born in rags and dirt and misery, what sight is this! (Mark Twain: ThePrince and the Pauper)26.She felt the flowers were in her fingers, on her lips, growing in her breast.27.processingpreparationtensionbackwardnessoxidationcorrectnessdependence28.Like most wildlife，deer reproduce，grow，and store fat in the summer and fall whenthere is plenty of nutritious food available.29.To make sure that my parents understood, I declared that I wanted nothing else.30.All roads lead to Rome.31. Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter.32. Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.33. A government of and by and for the exploiting class cannot possibly survive.34. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. (Francis Bacon)35. This is true of nations as it is of individuals.36. Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.37. “Nothing but a pony?" My father asked.“Nothing，”I said.38. How shall l do it?”“Just as you wish.”39. The strongest man cannot alter the law of nature.40. I am in charge of the depot, only I. People will hold me responsible but not you.41. More thorough testing might have caught the failure initially.42. Suppose the preparatory work should not be completed.43. For mistakes had been made, bad ones.44. As a result, a few token meetings were being set up through Foggy Bottom, themore-than-ever appropriate nickname for the Department of State.45. Water can be decomposed by energy, a current of electricity.46. Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.47. Advice and correction roll off him like water off a duck’s back.48. I could knit when I was seven.49. The United States has now set up a loneliness industry.50. The blond boy quickly crossed himself.51. You must come back before nine. Period!52. Don’t take it seriously. It’s only a joke.53. As I snooze she talks – of anything, everything, all the things that women talk of: books, music, dress, men, other women.54. Target priorities were established there.55. But there had been too much publicity about my case.56. I had been completely honest in my replies, withholding nothing．57. It was a bright September afternoon and the streets of New York were brilliant with moving men．3. Proper omission 省译58. The earth moves round the sun.59. The horse is a useful animal.60. Any home appliance must be handled with care whether it is a TV set, a VCR or a microwave oven.61. We do translation exercises twice a week.62. How do you like the film?63. The rocket engine carries with it the oxygen of its own.64. We have made much progress in pronunciation.65. Trees grow along both banks of the canal.66. Now complaints are heard in all parts of that country.67. If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first one the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader.68. He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs.69. The significance of a man is not in what he attains but rather in what he longs to attain.70. If your TV set does not work properly, you’d be tter not have it fixed. Just buy a new one.71. He is keeping his bed.72. All the fellows gathered around, stretching their necks like geese.73. Why do we feel cooler when we fan ourselves?74. That dishonest boy is not at all ill. He is alive and kicking in the swimming pool. We all saw him.75. It was not until the middle of the 19th century that the film came into being.76. It requires patience to do the job.77. It is true that he went there.78. He took it upon himself to pay off the debt.79. It is easy to learn English, but it is difficult to attain perfection in it.80. It is quite still in the laboratory.81. It was just growing dark, as she shut the garden gate.82. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?83. I can finish the work so long as you give me time.84. No matter whether you believe me or not, I saw it with my own eyes.85. There must be some people in the room, for I heard a voice.86. Let us go and try it again.87. He considered the National Security Council too large and bulky and thus too leaky, too many people who talked too much.88. When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping.89. On the platform I could see a Negro who was working at the pump.90. In most cases the soil near the surface is merely damp and is not completely saturated with water.91. When the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low.92. These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources.93. He ordered a Gibson (吉布森鸡尾酒，一种由杜松子酒或伏特加酒与苦艾酒混合而成的酒) and shouldered his way in between two other men at the bar.94. What is the shortest possible way to China Hotel?95. University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not.96. Instead of one old woman knocking me about and starving me, everybody of all ages knocked me about and starved me.97. UNICEF would be in a position to meet more of the vast unsatisfied needs of children and young people if more resources were made available to it.98. A motion has been made for a separate vote on paragraph 4 of the draft resolution which appears in paragraph 11 of the report.99. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead. 100. China is also a country of people with a passionate love of flowers and trees and intense dedication to the welfare of children and to the work ethic.101. Patients with influenza must be separated from the well lest the disease should spread from person to person.102. The late Mrs. Achson had passed to her Maker somewhere about 1930.103. The crowd was pushing harder. Those in the middle were squeezed against each other so tightly they could not move in any direction.4. Conversion of Word Types 词类转译104. His drawing of children is exceptionally good.105. Talking with his son，the old man was the forgiver of the young man's past wrongdoings．106. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.107. He admires the President‘s stated decision to fight for the job.108. Rationing by points is over and rationing by purse is in.109. A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial.110. I am afraid I can't teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I.111. The thought that she would be separated from her husband during his long and dangerous journey saddened Mrs. Brown.112. The presence of the Indians here at the time of Columbus’ arrival was sufficient proof of it.113. The international food shortage had a direct impact on Kuwait and other barren desert countries.114.An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs.115. What kind of sailor are you?116."Coming!" Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch.117. South Africa has refused to heed the legitimate appeal of the United Nations for co-operation.118.…that we here highly resolve …, that this nation under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.119. The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious. 120. You are ignorant of the duties you undertake in marrying.121.Such criticisms have become familiar in his later commentaries on America.122.That day he was up before sunrise.123.Wisely, you made no attempt to have these problems discussed by the GeneralAssembly, believing that they should be dealt with elsewhere.124.Formality has always characterized their relationship.125.To them, he personified the absolute power.126.Robin Hood and his merry men hated the rich and loved and protected the poor. 127.Stevenson was eloquent and elegant ----but soft.128.It was officially announced that they agreed on a reply to the Soviet Union.129.The image must be dimensionally correct.130.The paper said editorially that McMillan has stolen the western leadership during Dulles’ absence.131. The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.132.As he is a perfect stranger in the city, I hope you will give him the necessary help. 133.She has beauty still, and, if it is not in its heyday, it is not yet in its autumn.134. The computer is chiefly characterized by its accurate and quick computations. 135. When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.136.He had the honor to attend the People’s Congress.137.Can you give an accurate translation of the sentence?5. The extension of word sense 词义引申138. They both agreed in calling him an “old screw”, which means a “very stingy” avaricious person. He never gives any money to anybody, they said.139. Her concentration became so short that she couldn’t comprehend the article she normally breezed through in professional journals.140.The following week was family conference, something I dreaded. This was the day the dirty laundry got hung out to air in a private session between parent, child andcounselor.141. But she expected us to fire her! The way she gloated—I’ve got to crack down on her. 142. It is money you love, and not the man; and were Cleo and his footman to change places, you know, you poor rogue, who would have the benefit of your allegiance. 143. Clearly, when it comes to marriage,practicing bef orehand doesn’t make perfect. 144.A large segment of mankind turns to untrammeled nature as a last refug e from encroaching technology.145.But after six years of a stormy marriage, Cewe decided to end it. She didn’t want her son to grow up thinking that kind of relationship was normal.146.Torcello, which used to be lonely as a cloud, has recently become an outing fromVenice.147.The seasons came and went and they revolved around Joshua.148.Though a translation may be like old wine in new bottles or a woman in man’s clothing, the results can be both tasteful and alive.149.I hope to avoid straying on the one hand into the sands of foreign policy, and on the other into the marshes of international law.150.How do we account for this split between the critics and the readers, the head and the heart?151.Sam knows he can depend on his family, rain or shine.152.His chances of getting into Harvard are one out of a hundred.153.Alongside or not far from the lavish residents and tall modern buildings of the well-heeled were the poverty-crammed hovels and mud-floor mat sheds.154.He stepped right in after them, like it or not. He was determined that nothing should keep him from a chance of enlightenment.155.In order to get a large amount of water power we need a large pressure and a large current.156.A scientist constantly tried to defeat his hypotheses, his theories, and his conclusions. 157.In older cranes that have already paired off, dancing reinforces the union—it’s a sort of annual renewal of “vows”.158.Almost all men have been taught to call life a passage and themselves the travelers. 159.The history teacher told us that making an outline kills two birds with one stone, it makes us study the lesson till we understand it, and it gives us notes to review before the test.160.You will get no word from him. He’s a regular oyster.161.He had clean hands during this ten years’ government.162.Don’t put your finger into another’s pie.163.When Stephen was introduced to the old couple, they said simply, “We’ve read your article. We expected to meet an older man.”164.There is much woman about him.165.When Jean graduated from high school, she looked at the world through rose-colored glasses.166.He had lived all his life in desert where every cupful of water might be a matter of life or death.167.That does not worry me as much as that sullen look, as thou gh she’s going to get out a razor.6. Negation 同义反译/视角转换法168.Mattie’s hand was underneath, and Ethan kept his clasp on it a moment longer than necessary.169.riot police170.crisis law171.spy film172.No prisoners!173.After you, sir.174.“Ha d you ever seen the man before?”“No, I hadn't. He was a total stranger. ”175.Please tender exact fare.176.Keep in lane!177.Keep off the lawn!178.I couldn’t agree more with you.179.Just make yourself at home.180. “Where’s your brother?” “He’s still in bed.”181.I lay awake almost the whole night.182.Did I get your name right?183.Washington must do something about that man, and soon.184.He was the last man to say such things.185.They are non-local laborers in Beijing.186.She won’t go away until you promise to help her.187.Only three customers remained in the bar.188.We must never stop taking an optimistic view of life.189.Do you know why she is always trying to avoid you?190.I do think that it is beyond his power to fulfill the task.191.We believe that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.192.I’ll be here for good this time.193.Wait, he is serious.194.Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!195.Isn’t it funny!196. “You will try to tide me over, won’t you?”“Won’t I!”197.If all three of you take part in it, there can be no further questioning of your courage. 198.I am never at a loss for a word; Pitt is never at a loss for the word.199.When Stephen was in troduced to the old couple, they said simply, “We’ve read yourarticle. We expected to meet an older man.”200.It is a good workman that never blunders.201.Suddenly he heard a sound behind him, and realized he was not alone in the garage. 202.In a little town such things cannot be done without remark.203.The thought of returning to his native land never deserted him.204.You cannot praise the play too highly.205.I don't think we have asked for anything that they haven't done.206.The United Nations has not, so far, justified the hopes which the people of the world set on it.207.That’s a thing that might happen to any man.208.This book is a fool to that both in plot and execution.209.He was 75, but he carried his years lightly.210.His speech leaves much to be desired.211.John was a fool for danger.puters may eventually be able to learn by using such senses as smell, touch and taste. But will computers become smarter than people? That is anybody’s guess. 213.I gave you credit for being more sensible.214.Please withhold the document for the time being.215.Appearances are deceptive.216.While she liked his work, she pointed out areas where improvement was possible.217.Good winner, good loser.218.I won’t keep you waiting long.219.The darkness was thinning, but the street was still dimly lighted.220.He drove slowly down the hill, his elbows resting on the wheel, his chin cupped in his hands。

重点词汇练(一)学校生活Ⅰ.阅读词汇英译汉1.moral n.2.qualification n.,资历3.diploma n.,学位证书4.curriculum n.5.academic adj.;学术的6.scholarship n.7.association n.,社团;联系8.creative adj.9.assignment n.分派的)工作,任务10.after-school activities11.physical activities12.the Students’ Union13.social practice14.part-time jobs15.graduation ceremony16.tuition n.17.term/semester n.18.register n.&v.Ⅱ.基础词汇汉译英1.n.态度2.n.努力3.n.经历;经验4.n.进步5.n.演讲6.n.提纲,要点7.vt.&vi.申请,应用8.vt.准备9.vt.复习10.vt.&vi.辩论11.vt.讨论12.vt.&vi.跟随;理解13.vt.提供14.vt.表扬15.vt.参考,查阅16.adj.简短的17.vt.记忆18.n.科目19.adj.最喜欢的20.adj.优秀的21.vt.&n.询问22.adj.疯狂的23.vt.& n.赞扬,表扬24.n.梦想vt.做梦25.n.&vt.怀疑,疑惑26.adj.枯燥无味的,无聊的27.n.锻炼,做操;练习,习题v.锻炼28.n.活动Ⅲ.核心词汇变中记1.n.缺席→adj.缺席的,不在的2.n.毕业,毕业典礼→v.毕业3.n.许可,允许→vt.允许4.vt.&vi.招收,接纳,承认→n.准许进入;承认,坦白;入场费5.adj.有耐心的→n.耐心6.vt.指示,指导→n.(常作复数)指示;说明;[U]指导;讲授;教育7.adj.自信的→n.信心8.v.提高;加强→n.力量;优点,长处9.vt.需要→n.需要,需求10.vt.解释→n.解释11.v.决定;决心→adj.坚决的→n.决定,决心12.vt.教育;培养→adj.受过教育的→n.教育→n.教育工作者→adj.有教育意义的13.vt.接受→adj.可接受的;受欢迎的14.v.评定→n.评定15.v.激发,鼓励→n.激发,鼓励16.n.娱乐→adj.有趣的;娱乐的Ⅳ.主题短语大盘点1.show an interest 对……表现出兴趣2.take part 参加3.drop school 辍学4.figure 弄清楚5.pay 取得回报6.refer 提及;参考,查阅7.concentrate 专注于……8.make 取得进步9.ask for 请假10.be absent 缺席,不在Ⅴ.主题词汇句中练1.我现在忙于功课,因为(大学)入学考试就要到来,它对我来说十分重要。