Book 6 Unit 1
1详细地I’d like you to present your ideas in detail.
2做雕塑If he were an artist, he would make a sculpture for the exhibition.
3信任We should have faith in ourselves. We know he who loses faith loses all.
4瞄准、针对, aim at; My words are not aimed at you. He aims for success. 为了aim to do He aims to be a doctor. He went to the city with the aim of finding a job.
5很明显It is evident that this is the last thing I want to do.
6拥有,占有take/lose possession of 失去The enemy took possession of the city.
He is in possession of the house = The house is in the possession of him.
7博得…名声He acquired/had a reputation as a first-class artist for his abstact paintings.
抽象的
have a good/ bad reputation 有好/坏名声injure one’s reputation 损害名声
8使某人信服convince sb of/that We’re convinced of the fact that this is a superb cafe.
极好的，杰出的; 小餐馆，咖啡馆be convinced that 确信I’m convinced that he is an honest worker.
9走出阴影They’ve attempted to get out of the shadow caused by the earthquake.
10巧合By coincidence，we were born on the same day of the same year.
What a coincidence! 多么巧合的事！
11 We talked a great deal about the problem.放动词后He runs a great deal faster than me. 修饰比较级He spent a great deal of time playing computer games. It’s really a waste of time. 修饰不可数名词
12脱离、摆脱The thief attempted to break away from the police but failed.
13接受……为He never accepted her as his own daughter.
14也就是说, 即，就是English is hard to learn. That is （to say）, we need to try our very best to learn it well.
15尝试、企图attempt to do, I attempted to answer all your questions
in an attempt to do We failed in our attempt to climb the mountain.
第…次尝试He passed the driving test at the first attempt.
16一方面on the one hand另一方面on the other hand
17本人I want to meet the scholar in the flesh
18一束鲜花a bunch of flowers/letters/grapes
偏爱He has/expressed a strong preference for modern art. What’s your preference?
20吸引、恳求This book doesn’t appeal to children.
appeal to sb to do 恳求某人做某事I appealed to the children to make less noise.
appeal to sb for sth 向某人要They appealed to the government for higher pay.
上诉You can appeal the judgement within a month.
21存在于The reputation of the museum lies in the variety of its art collection.
The beauty of the girl lies in her mild character.
22每两年every two years; every second year; every other year
23It’s amazing that so many great works of art are housed in the same museum.
令人惊讶的是艺术珍品存放在
24. It’s typical of sb to do. 某人一向如此做事It’s typical of him to keep others waiting.
25五千年的文明It covers more than 5000 years of civilization. 涵盖
26举行展览hold an exhibition Many paintings are on exhibition=on show/display
27对……过敏I’m allergic to shellfish. be allergic to
28芳香的The air in the garden is fresh and fragrant.
29喜爱He is fond of western art. = have preference for
30由…定If it was up to me, I would choose dumplings from so many varieties of food.从选择31几十I’d like to buy scores of/dozens of/ tens of eggs. two score boys(40个), 3 dozen pencils 32采取…态度They adopted a humanistic attitude to life. He adopted the boy as his son.收养33参观美术馆When we visit the art gallery, we saw some controversial paintings. 有争议的34签名It’s hard to get Liu Xiang’s signature.
35确切的The salesman wants the specific number of the products you want to buy.
36预言，预测Who can predict what our future will be like?
37人物,画像The figure in the middle of the picture is my cousin.
身材She keeps a good figure even though she is nearly 60.
数字Add these figures up and see what you get.
算出，理解I can’t figure out the problem.
38 The district committee has its office on the Fifth Avenue. 区，行政区；委员会；大街on the committee 在委员会里，是委员会的一员
39 The movie not only provides us with visual delight, but also leads to our thinking.视觉享受39如丝绸般精细as delicate as silk She is wearing a dress with delicate lace.精美的Children’s skins are delicate. 细腻的
40 a fragile vase 易碎的，脆弱He feels fragile after the party.
41.be the first/second/../last … to do 是第一个、第二个……最后一个做某事的人
He is always the first student to arrive at school.
42 The students have great respect for their history teacher. 非常尊敬
43. Children playing violent computer games show more aggressive behavior. 攻击性的
an aggressive war 一场侵略战争
44. The statue was carved out of marble. 雕刻；大理石，花岗岩
45. Riding a bike is my first choice. 首选
46. The accident caused permanent damage to her eyesight. 永久的
Unit 2 Poems
1.convey 搬运，传达，转让convey one’s feelings/meaning表达感情/意思
convey news/information to sb 把消息、信息传达给某人
I was so excited at the news that I could hardly convey my feelings in words.用语言表达感情
2. She worked so hard every day that eventually she achieved her dream of going to a famous
university. 终于= at last, finally, in the end
3. Success and wealth transformed his character. 改变，改造transformation 变形，变化transform one form of energy into another 将一种形式的能量转化成另一种能量
4.appropriate 正确的，适当的It’ appropriate that sb (should) do
A dirty face is not appropriate for the school photograph. 适于，合乎
It’s not appropriate that he say such rude words towards his loving parents.
be appropriate to/for= be suitable for (适合某场合或环境)=be fit for(称职)= be proper to
5. load~unload 装载~卸载carry a heavy load携带重物She thought she would not be able to bear the load of bringing up her child alone. 担负起重任Workmen were loading up a truck with timber. 把…装上卡车They tried to load timber into the truck.
take a load off one’s mind解除思想负担
6. We’ve run out of money.用完，耗尽Our money has run out. 被用完
7. Life is made up of little things. 生活由琐事构成=consist of=be composed of
Women make up 70% of the committee. 组成，占（比例）He made up some excuse about his being late.编造（借口）make up a story/sentence 编故事/造句make up for lost time 补回失去的时间make… into 制成Wheat can be made into different kinds of food.
8. She likes science fiction films in particular.尤其be particular about对…挑剔
I’m not particular about what to eat.
9. She let out a sharp cry of pain. 发出尖叫We open the window to let out the foul air and let in the fresh air. 释放; 允许入内Don’t let out our secret.泄露秘密
The prisoner will not be let out the rest of his life. 释放
10. The doctor told me to take it easy and not to worry too much. 放松，别紧张，沉住气
11. sth be worth the price/ten yuan/the effort/the trouble/doing 某事值这个价、值十元钱、
值得努力、值得费力、值得做The museum is well worth visiting / a visit.
be worthy of sth be worthy of being done be worthy to be done
He is worthy of our praise. 值得，配得上 a worthy champion一名当之无愧的冠军The book is worthy of being read again. =The book is worthy to be read again.
It is/was worthwhile doing sth/ to do sth 如It’s worthwhile to visit/visiting the exhibiti on.
worthy 和worthwhile 还可作定语 a worthwhile experiment 一个值得做的实验Everything that is worth doing is worthy of being done well.
12. The other boys often tease Mike about his long face. 以…取笑某人
make fun of /laugh at /play a trick on sb
13. The government takes a flexible approach to education. 灵活的，有弹性的
flexible working time/ design/ plan
14. Ann’s statement was contradictory to what she said before. 与……矛盾
15. The child’s endless crying got on my nerves. 无休止的
16. He is making a translation of the poem. 翻译translate the poem from Chinese into English
17. The new design is/becomes popular with young people.受到……的欢迎近义：appeal to
18. He is touched by the warmth of his fan’s welcome.温暖，热情
19. The room was in complete darkness. 黑暗
20. You have to apply for a scholarship if you want to study abroad.申请奖学金
award a scholarship to sb 颁发奖学金
21. I’m going out for a hike. 徒步旅行=go hiking
22. Carelessness is at the bottom of many mistakes.粗心是错误的根源在底部~ at the top of
23. hold on a second 稍等一秒hold on （打电话）别挂断，稍等=hang on
24. be likely to do 极有可能做The meeting is mostly likely to be put off.
25. exchange sth with sb 与某人交换某物We exchanged emails with them. exchange words with sb 与某人吵架= have words with sb = quarrel with sb = fight with sb exchange sth for 将…换成He went to the store to exchange his black jacket for a blue one.
exchange RMB for US dollars exchange ideas/opinion/information 交换观点、信息
in exchange for=in return for 作为交换What will you give him in exchange for his gift?
26. My mind went blank in an instant.大脑一片空白fill in the blanks 填空
27.He doesn’t have enough money to sponsor the project.赞助
28. A compass is a great help in the forest or the desert. 指南针
29. Too salty foods are harmful to health. 咸的，含盐的
31. utter speech 发出声音，说话The play consists of five sections 部分，节
32．day by day 日复一日in deep sorrow 陷入悲痛
33．The pot is brimful of water.充满minimum of words 最少的文字
34．a diamond ring 一枚钻戒Try out new ideas/ his new bike. 实验，尝试
35．play with words 玩文字游戏concrete but imaginative 具体的
36．take my eyes off the ball 将目光从球上移开
37．await her husband = wait for her husband 等候win championship 赢得冠军称号
38.The living room of our cottage is full of books.小屋
39.A butterfly is falling on the branch of the tree.树枝a branch of the river/company 分支40．There are many reasons why people write poems.
reason 做先行词其后的定语从句引导词可用why=for which,这时reason套入定语从句中做原因状语如上句many reason套入定语从句为：People write poems for many reasons. reason 在定语从句中作宾语时用that/which 引导定语从句如：The reason he explained to us was ridiculous. the reason 套入定语从句中he explained the reason to us.
41. with + n. + 宾补（介词/ 过去分词/ 形容词/现在分词/ 不定式…）放句首或句尾作状语，放名词后作定语With so much work to do, he is busy every day.
He went to bed with the bedroom light on 放句尾作状语with +n + adj
With his eyes closed, he pretended to be asleep. 放句首作状语with +n + adj
The house with a beautiful garden behind it is my boss’s. 作定语with +n + prep
The man was caught by the police with his hands tied behind his back. 作状语with + n+过分With the fire burning, people rushed out of the building. 作状语with + n+ 现分
42 leave + 宾语+ 宾补通常做结果状语“使某人出于某种状态”
The couple died, leaving his son an orphan. 这夫妇死了，使他们的儿子成了孤儿
The earthquake ended, leaving many people homeless and many buildings in ruins.
42 while 1.连词，表对比,位于句中，“然而，但是”；2. 句首，“虽然，尽管” 3.句首/中，在……期间，当……时Some poems rhyme while others don’t. While he is good at science, his brother is hopeless. While I was doing my work, my mother is cooking in the kitchen.
Book6 Unit3
1 s抽烟moke/ have a cigarette offer sb a cigarette 请某人抽烟a packet of cigarette
2喝酒Drinking alcohol can lead to abortion or abnormal babies 流产；畸形的，异常的
3身体（生理）健康physical fitness mental health/illness 精神健康/疾病
4滥用职权abuse one’s power an abused wife 受虐待的妻子
5注重，给…施加压力lay/ put/ place stress on Government lays stress on welfare work. The vehicles passing over put stress on the old brige. We should stress the importance of a balanced diet. 强调重要性under strss=under pressure 在压力下reduce stress 减压stress sb out 使压力大
6 The government has banned people from fishing in this river. ban sb from doing禁止某人做某事= forbid sb to do There should be a ban on talking loudly in cinemas. 关于…的禁令
7因为The game was put off due to the rain. 作状语His success is due to hard work.作表语When is the train due to arrive? 预期/定做某事Have you paid the money due to him?欠款8度过艰难的时光have a tough time a tough job 一份艰巨的工作
9一个青少年an adolescent during adolescence 在青春期
10 习惯于accustom oneself to=be/become/get accustomed to doing sth You must accustom yourself to the new environment. They are accustomed to not talking at meals.习惯与不做
11上瘾He is addicted to smoking. Computer games are addictive使成瘾的addiction 瘾
12自动洗碗机automatic dish washer If you do the same thing over and over again, you’ll do it automatically. 无意识、机械地做某事
12 quit doing 停止做quit smoking戒烟quit office/school离职退学be quit of fear 摆脱恐惧
13 the harmful effect of smoking 吸烟的害处The medicine takes effect soon. 生效The drug has an immediate effect on the pain 对…有效He is considered to be a bad effect on me. 对某人坏影响
14 被清出足球队He was taken off the football team because he was unfit for it.不胜任/健康15选定出发的日子decide on a day to set off decide on doing= decide to do
16坚定决心strengthen your resolve weaken people’s body 削弱体质
17感觉想吃It’s so hot that I feel like eating an ice cream. =would like to eat
18感到绝望feel desperate be desperate for/to do sth急需渴望做某事The bird is desperate to leave the cage. It’s desperate for freedom.
19 I’m a teacher in the first place and a writer in the next place. 首先；其次
20对…失望be disappointed at sth/ to do/ with sb We were disappointed at/to hear the disappointing news. 令人失望的
21为…感到羞愧be/feel ashamed of doing/to do/ of oneself /that
He is ashamed of saying such rude words.
22尽管，不顾in spite of sth/ doing sth=despite sth We went out in spite of the snow.
23冒险做Young people are willing to take risks to try new things Are you at risk? 处境危险He saved the baby at the risk of his own life. 冒着……风险at all risks 无论冒什么风险risk one’s life to do冒生命危险做某事risk doing 冒险做He can’t risk losing the chance. 24养成晚睡的习惯get into the habit of staying up late get into debt 负债get into taking drug 染上吸毒get into trouble 惹上麻烦
25 feel embarressed 感到难堪– embarrassing situation 窘境
26 They are old and their actions seem awkward and slow. 笨拙的He felt awkward and out of place. 局促不安，不适的He asked some awkward questions.棘手的，尴尬的
27 in the appendix 在附件/录里He is slow of comprehension理解力低下
28 take pills/medicine 吃药丸in pain 处于痛苦中
29 live a long and healthy life 过长寿幸福的生活sleep a sound sleep 睡的香
30They have a prejudice against fat people. 对……有偏见
31 It’s likely/probable/possible that he will arrive on time.
It’s possible/likely for him t o arrive on time. He is likely to arrive on time.
31 Male/female workers are wanted in this company. 男/女性
32 There is no evidence of getiing infected with AIDS by mosquitoes. 无证据证明
33 There is no easy cure for loneliness. 治愈…的方法
34 The risk of cancer increases with the number of cigarette you smoke.随……增加
35 share food with your friend 与某人分享
36Many small companies are fighting for survival为生存而战
37 show/have good judgement in doing在某方面显示良好的判断力
38 manage to do =succeed in doing设法做到某事try/attempt to do 努力试图做
代词和引导词it 常考固定句型及短语
It’s time to do/ for sth.该做某事It’s about/high time that sb did/should do.It’s time you got/should get up.
It’s no use/good crying over spilt milk. It’s no use/good/fun doing sth
It’s said/reported/believed/considerd /well-known that 据说；据报道；普遍认为；众所周知You can ask Mr White when it comes to English customs.当涉及到
I hate/ love it when/if he talks about my chilhood.我讨厌、喜欢
You may depend upon/rely on/count on it that we’ll never lose heart.你可以相信/放心
I take it for granted that mom cooks breakfast for me every morning.想当然，认为理所应当I’d appreciate/enjoy it very much if you could help me.我将不胜感激
It happened that I knew the bus driver.碰巧I’ll see to it that you are safe. 确保
It occurs to me that my aunt would come to see me tonight.我突然想起
It matters that we have a hobby.…很重要
It doesn’t matter if/ whether you come or not. 是否…都没关系
I can (not) help it 我（没）有办法
make it 做到，规定时间，赶到目的地
catch it 受责备，被责骂I’ll catch it from mother if I break the vase.
That’s it. 这就对了We must fight it out. 我们必须坚持到底
It’s all over with me. 我完蛋了
How is it with your study?=How’s it going with…?你的学习怎样
Book6 Unit4
1 We consume a lot of food/energy/fuels every day. 消耗，耗尽consumer 消费者
2 renewable/non- renewable energy sources 可/不可再生能源
3 greenhouse effect/gases 温室效应/气体fossil fuels 化石燃料
4 come about=happen=take place=occur=break out 无被动语态，无宾语How does the accident come about? 发生
5 He took a book at random随机的He was not listening and made a random answer to the teacher's question. 胡乱的，任意的
6 a natural/common phenomenon 一种自然/普遍现象phenomena （pl）
7 He did not subscribe to my proposal. 赞同He subscribed to/for Reader's Digest.订购They subscribed (a lot of money)to local charities.捐款He subscribed his name to a petition.签名
8 quantities/a quantity of+可数名词复数/不可数名词an amountof=amounts of+不可数名词大量的作主语时，谓语动词与quantity/amount一致 A huge quantity/amount of rice is needed here.= Huge quantities/amounts of rice are needed here. the amount of…的量
We’re burning coal in huge quantities.(=in large amounts )大量的
A large/small amount of money is spent on advertisements every year.大/少量的+不可数名词
9 tend to do =have a tendency to do往往会做，习惯做tend to/towards sth有…趋势倾向于tend to sb 照顾某人Charles tends to obesity. On that matter I tend to your opinion.
It tends to snow heavily here in winter. A lot of doctors were sent to tend (to) the survivors. 10 The prices of food have go ne up a lot this year.Sea level is going up. =rise 上升，增长
11His rude language resulted in a complete faiure.导致The accident resulted from foggy weather.由于as a result 结果Many road accidents come as a result of carelessness.因为without result 无果，白费
12 The flood in Thailand is a catastrophe to the Thais.洪灾；灾难，浩劫flood in 大量涌入
13 oppose sth/doing/sb doing 反对某事/做/反对某人做某事We’ll oppose the proposal to build a new zoo in our city. be opposed to doing =be against=object to doing 相反的opposite He seemed much opposed to your going abroad at this time of year.
14 in consequence =as a consequence=consequently=as a result因此, 结果
as a consequence of 由于He is a man of great/no consequence.重要/不重要
It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was cancelled.= The match was cancelled as
a consequence of the rain yesterday.
15. state your idea clearly 清楚地陈述你的观点statement 名词陈述，说明
16 It applies to (适用于)a wide range of consumer products.一系列的,大范围的The price of the house is beyond/out of our range超出我们能力（知识）范围The children’s ages range from 5 to 9. range from…to=range between …and…在…范围内波动in/within range 在射程/
范围内out of/beyond range 超出范围 a mountain range called the Taihang 太行山脉
17 Even if/though we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使；减少；…的总量；温室气体继续做某事keep on doing=go on/continue doing 几十年
18 glance at/ down/over/through 匆匆一看，扫视He glanced through the report. He saw at a glance what had happened.看一眼就at first glance 乍一看
I took/had a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience.
19 steady progress/increase 稳步的进步/增加keep the camera steady 拿稳相机
walk slowly but steadily
20 on the whole=in general=generally speaking 总体上，大体上
22 The consequence of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding.海平面；大范围的洪灾
23 His salary is above/below (the) average在平均值以上/下an average cost/price/rate平均开
销/价格/速度average sth out 算出平均值the average of …的平均值We received 20 calls a day on average. 平均，通常
24 I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.代表；全球变暖
25 People should advocate improvements in the way we use energy.提倡，主张advocate doing
26 Many people have a commitment to protect the earth.有/承担义务
make a commitment to sb/sth对…承诺/做贡献
27.We can’t put up with pollution.=stand,bear,tolerate 忍受，容忍
28.These electrical appliances are ecomomcal with energy.电器；节能
29We can achieve our dream as/so long as we stick to it.只要+条件状语从句
30 He is casual about clothes. 对……随意，不讲究反义：be careful/particular about
31 He has many hobbies: collecting stamps, reading, hiking and so on.（列举）等等
32 under/in the circumstance 既然如此Under no circumstances shall I give up.在任何情况
下都不Come to see me if circumstances allow you to.如果情况允许的话
33 refresh your spirit/memory 振作精神/使重新想起follow the latest trend 赶最新潮流
34 Everyone should make a contribution to developing our country. 为……做贡献
35 nuclear weapons/power 核武器；核能；give a presentation of 做演示
36 The newspaper didn’t appear any longer after being in existence for only 3 months. 存在come into existence 形成，出现exist 存在v
37 Do they have the power to do anything to improve the environment? 有能力/权力做某事
38 make accurate measurements of the increase/rise in sea level 准确测量；…的上涨；
39 do (a lot of )good to sb=do sb(a lot of) good 对……有好处
40 Taking exercise will build up your heath.强健build up your vocabulary建立，积累
41 Your contribution counts.起重要作用，有价值
42强调句型It is/was 被强调的部分+that/who(强调人时) +其他部分。与定语从句的区别：强调句去掉it is that 句子完整。not …until 句型强调时需将not until 和在一起放在that 前。强调句的疑问句为：疑问词（how, when,why/where/who等）+is/was +that +…?
It was the news (that he would come to see me同位语从句) that surprised me.强调句
It was at 10:00 that we arrived home.强调句It was 10:00 (when we arrived home时状从句). It will be a long time before we meet again. 再过好久才能
It is/has been ten years since we last met in London. 自从……到现在已有……
Book6 Unit5
1.a piece of scientific/medical equipment 设备不可数名词He equipped himself with a street map.=He is equipped with a street map. 用……装备Education is to equip students for
a good future.
2.appoint sb to +职位派某人任职appoint sb as/to be 任命某人为appoint sb to do委派某人做appoint a place/time for sth/to do sth 确定地点/时间做某事He was appointed to the committee as the best candidate. 他作为最佳候选人被派往委员会任职We haven’t appointed a time for the meeting yet.I have/make an appointment with my dentist this Sunday. 与某人预约
3.wave Huge waves were breaking on the shore.海浪She gave a wave as she left us.挥手My mother cried when I waved goodbye to her. 向某人挥手告别The policeman waved the driver to stop. wave sb to do 挥手示意某人做某事wave to/at sb 向某人挥手/招手
4.It’s almost impossible to find a time that suits everybody. sth suit sb (well/best/fine) 某事适合某人（需要、口味、花样款式、性格、条件、地位等）The coat doesn’t fit me.It’s too large. sth fit sb 大小形状适合某人match匹配Her shoes match her dress;They look very well togother. be suitable for/ to do 适合某人/适合做某事The film isn’t suitable for kids. wear protective suits 穿防护服
5.She made her way to/towards her house. 朝……走去，前往So long as you work hard with
a strong will, you can make a way in life. 成功feel one’s way摸索前进push/elbow one’s way 挤过find one’s way找到路wind one’s way 蜿蜒前进fight one’s way 打开一条血路The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge dragon. Without experience on it, we have to feel our way.
6.He is a young singer with great potential.潜能，潜力This is a machine with several potential uses.可能的，潜在的have the potential of doing有潜力/可能性做develop the potential 开发潜能
7.I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.正要…突然并列连词when 表示“突然/这时”常用于：1was/were doing when …正在做某事突然2 was/were about to do when…正要做突然3 was/were on the point of doing刚要做某事突然4 when had just done when…刚做完某事这时
8.be shot in the head 头部中弹shoot sb（dead）击中/毙某人shoot at 向……射击The hunter tried to shoot the bear but missed.= The hunter shot at the bear but missed.
tremble with fear/anger/cold吓/气/冷得发抖=shake When China wakes up, the world will tremble.
9.We are anxious about/for your health. 为……担心be anxious for sb to do 急于让某人做
某事be anxious to do be anxious that 从句
anxiety about/over 对……的焦虑anxiety for 对……渴望
10.We were told not to panic. 惊慌panic sb into doing 使某人仓促做某事Shoppers are panicked into buying things they don’t need. We are not panicked by the result. Knowing to be eaten the turkey is in panic.惊慌失措get into a panic 陷入恐慌状态
11 vary from…to..=vary … between…and由……到……不等These kids vary in height from 100cm to 120cm. Opinions on the matter vary greatly from person to person. vary in 在某方面不同vary with sth 随……变化 a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的various 各种各样的Prices of fruit varies with the season. There are varieties of TV sets on show. Some poor people will not accept help for various reasons.
12 guarantee to do 保证做某事guarantee sb sth 确保某人得到某物guarantee sth for+ 一段时间某物的保修期为be guaranteed to do 必定会做某事guarantee that从句保证
We won’t be able to guarantee you a room for the Christmas Eve. 确保你们有个房间We guarantee to replace the broken door free of charge. 保证换My watch is guaranteed for a year. 保修期为under guarantee 在保修期内
13 only to do 在句中做结果状语，表出人意料的结果He lifted a rock only to drop on his own feet. He hurried to the station only to find the train had left.
14 a great diversity of rare plants 多种多样的稀有之物diverse
15 to bathe in the hot spring 在温泉中沐浴
16 Changbaishang is kept in its natural state.保持原生态state of mind 心理状况 a state of the USA 美国的一个州It is clearly stated in the law. 陈述，说明Iraq is a state in the Middle East. 国家
17The land is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.是……的家园；各种各样的18 have a gift for languages and persuasion 有语言和辩论天赋a gifted artist 有天赋的
Every birthday he receives a lot of gifts from his friends and relatives. 礼物
19 The attraction that arouses great appreciation in the reserve in Tianchi. 激发，引起；感激，
欣赏arouse interest in sth引发对……的兴趣
20 active volcanoes 活火山the eruption of volcanoes 火山的爆发
21 take (much) notice (of )注意到collect information for a database 为数据库收集信息
22 Many houses were burned to the ground. 全部焚毁
23 It was an absolutely fantastic sight. 绝对，完全副词+形容词/副词
24 I work alongside people from all over the word.在旁边give birth to 生育
25 doing现在分词做时间、原因、方式、伴随、让步、条件状语，表示与主语为主动关系，且与谓语动词同时发生，可与when/ before/ after/while /though/if等连用。having done现在分词的完成式作状语,说明它表示的动作在主要谓语表示的动作之前发生且与主语为主动关系。having been done作状语，说明它表示的动作在主要谓语表示的动作之前发生且与主语为被动关系Having finished his work, he went out to play. 做时间状语主语he 与finish 为主动关系，finish work先于went out发生Having been fired by the company, the young man went back to his hometown. 做原因状语，句子主语the young man 与fire 为被
动，fire 早于went back 发生现在分词的完成式只做状语，不做定语
Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. 条件The train was caught in the heavy snow, thus causing the dalay.结果状语The boy stood their, crying. 伴随/方式
分词作状语，主语是问题，逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系，主动ing，被动用ed，having done 表先后，一定要牢记。
单元知识梳理和能力组合 1.survive幸存，经历…而活着 2.amaze 使惊讶 3.select精选 4.design设计 5.fancy奇异的 6.style风格 7.remove除去 8.doubt怀疑 9.reception接待10.light点燃11.wonder惊奇12.evidence证据13.trial尝试；审判14.explode爆炸15.sink下沉16.debate辩论 1. belong to属于 2. in search of搜寻 3. in return作为回报 4. at war交战 5.take apart拆开 6. think highly of高度评价 7. be used to do被用来做 8. rather than而不是 9. more than 不仅仅10. less than少于11. care about在乎12. add …to…增加13. agree with同意14. see for oneself亲自看15.at that time在那时16.serve as充当17. by the light of 借着…的光18. be designed for 为…而设计19.no doubt 无疑20. the entrance to 通往…的入口 1.There is no doubt that…: 毫无疑问，… 2.It takes somebody some time to do something. 做某事花某人多长时间 3.This was a time when…在这个时期… 4.It can be proved that…可以证明，… 5.can’t have done something不可能做过某事 1.Is it enough to have survived for a long time? 已经存在很久就够了吗？ survive vi/vt比...活得长；经历...后依然活着; 经受得住 (1)Her parents died in the accident, but she survived. 她的父母死于车祸，而她却幸免于难。 (2)These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions. 这些植物不能在寒冷的条件下存活。 (3)The family are struggling to survive on very little money. 这家人靠着很少的钱艰难度日。 (4)He is the only one of the soldiers who survived the war. 他是唯一一个从那场战争中幸存下来的战士。 (5)The house survived the storm. 经过暴风雨袭击, 这所房屋并未倒塌。 survivor n. 幸存者 There was only one survivor from / of the plane crash. 这次空难只有一名幸存者。 survival n. 幸存 His only chance of survival was a heart transplant. 唯有心脏移植手术才能使他活下来。2. IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM寻找琥珀屋 search v, n. verb: ~ sth for sth/sb搜查某物以寻找某人或某物 (1)Police are still searching the woods for the missing girl. 警察在搜索森林寻找失踪女孩。 (2)Firefighters searched the building for survivors. 消防战士搜查大楼寻找幸存者。
必修二第四单元 Ⅰ.词汇短语过关 1．respond vi.回答，答复；响应，作出反应 response n. 回答，回复；反应 respond to sb./sth.回答(比answer, reply to正式) respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用……回应某人(事) respond to (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应 response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应 in response to 作为对……的反应 [即学即练1] (1)They still haven't ____________ my letter. 他们至今仍没有回我的信。 (2)He ____________ my suggestion ________ a laugh/______ laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。 (3)His illness didn't ____________ treatment by drugs. 他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。 (4)My mother opened the door ____________________ the knock, but there was no one outside. 听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。 responded to , responded to , with , by , respond to , in response to 2．certain adj. 确定的；无疑的；某(种) (1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于some.但some 前不加冠词。 for a certain reason＝for some reason 由于某种原因 certain professors＝some professors 某些教授 a certain amount of time 相当一段时间 (2)作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于sure.但是certain 的主语既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that...句型，而sure 主语只能是人。 “be certain/sure＋从句”(人)有把握/确信……(表示主语的信念) be certain/sure of/about sth. (人)确信(表示主语的信念) be certain/sure to do sth. 必定/肯定会做某事(主语常为二、三人称，表示说话人的信念) “make certain/sure＋从句”弄清楚/确保…… make certain/sure of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚 ) 做状语(确定地，确切地for certain/sure It is certain that... 一定会……(不能用sure) [即学即练2] (1)There was _________________ in his manner.他的态度有点冷淡。 (2)Are you ____________________ it？你对此有把握吗？
高一英语知识点归纳和总结必修2第一单元 一、重点短语回顾 1. in search _________ 寻找，搜寻 2. _______ to 属于 3. in _________ 作为报答，回报 4. at _________ 处于交战状态 5. _______ than 少于 6. be __________ doing 值得做 7. add A ______ B 把A添加到B 8. serve _______ 充当 9. agree ______ 同意；赞成 10. care _______ 关心；在乎 11. rather _______ 而不是 12. for _________ 亲自 13. to one’s _______ 令某人吃惊的是 14. think _______ of 看重；器重 15. search _______ 寻找 1. of 2. belong 3. return 4. war 5. less than 6. worth 7. to 8. as 9. with 10. about 11. than 12. oneself 13. to 14. highly 15. for 二、课本知识点 2. in search of 寻找，找寻in the search of (?) in one’s search for = in the search for (?) search sp.某地for sb./sth 搜查某地寻找某人某物in one’s research of (×) 3. could have done 意思1：过去可能做过某事 I can't imagine how he could have thought of doing such a thing。 我不能想象他怎么会想到做这样的事。 这里的could表示对可能性的一种推测。 意思2：本来可以做某事(而实际上没做)*- But for your help, I could have fed the fishes. 若不是你搭救，我恐怕已经葬身鱼腹了 4.must have done 肯定干了某事 can’t have done = couldn’t have done 肯定没干某事 5. may have done = might have done 可能干了某事 may not have done = might not have done 过去可能没做过某事 6. need have done 本应该做某事但是没有 needn’t have done 本不必做某事（而实际上做了） 7. should have done = ought to have done 本该做某事（而实际上未做） 8. shouldn’t have done = oughtn’t to have done 本不该做某事（而实际上做了） 9. would have done 本来会做某事 10. would not have done 本来不会做某事（但是做了） 11. imagine doing 想象做某事imagine sb doing 想象某人干某事 imagine sb’s doing 想象某人干某事
人教版高一英语必修二Unit 4单词及语言点总结 高中英语必修二单词及语言点总结Unit 4 Wildlife Protection Word usage: 1. protection n. 1) [U] the act of protecting or state of being protected 2) [C] a person or thing that protects Eg: You’d better turn to an adult for protection if there is a bully in your class who makes your life difficult. This hat will give protection against the sun. Shoes are a protection for the feet. 2. enemy n. 1) [C] a person who hates or dislikes another person; one of two or more people who hate or dislike each other. 2) [C] someone or something that hurts, wants to harm or is against (someone or something) Eg: He made many enemies during his political life. John and Paul are enemies (of each other). Cancer is an enemy of/ to mankind. 3. loss n. 1) [U] the act of fact of losing possession 2) the pain, harm, damage caused by losing sth. 3) [C] a failure to win or obtain Eg: Did you report the loss of your jewellery to the police? He’ll try his best to make up the loss. What make him unhappy was the loss of yesterday’s football match. 4. reserve n. 1) [C] a piece of land reserved for a purposse 2) [C] a quantity of sth. kept for future use. 3) v. to keep for a special purpose. 4) v. book Eg: We drove the car slowly and watched the lions in the nature reserve. I must keep a good reserve of energy for tomorrow’s match. You’d better reserve the money for future need. We must reserve two seats on the plane. 5. area n. 1) [C] a particular space or surface; a part or division of the world. 2) [C] the size of a surface Eg: You haven’t cleaned the area under the table. There aren’t many wild birds in this area. What’s the area of China? It covers an area of more than 9 600 000 square km. 6. hunt v. & n. 1)v. to chase in order to catch and kill (animals and birds) either for food or for sport. 2) v. to search (for) 3) n. an act of hunting Eg: He likes hunting very much. Knowing a foreign language sometimes is a must in job hunting. He is on the hunt for a better job. 7. peace n. 1) [U] calmness, quietness 2) [U] a condition in which there is no war between two or more nations. Eg: Please let me go on with my work in peace. There was a short peace, but then another war broke out. The two nations used to be at war with each other, but now they are at peace. 8. stomach n. 1) a baglike organ in the body where food is digested, the part of the body below the chest. 2) a desire to
必修2 Unit 1 Cultural relics 1. in search of…寻找… Search sb 搜身search for 寻找 search sb. / a place for sth. 搜身/搜查某个地方找某事物 2. could not/never have done 不可能做过某事 3. be used to do sth. 被用来做…The wood will be used to make tables and chairs. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做…He is used to living with the farmers now. used to do sth. 过去常常做…She used to come a lot, but now we seldom see her. 4. make it 达到目的，取得成功 5. in the fancy style 以一种奇特的风格 in style 流行out of style 过时 6. decorate. v. 装饰decoration. n. 装饰decorate sth. with sth. be decorated with sth. 7. survive: v. 生存，存活，经历（事故、灾难后）还活着，幸存，比…长寿 survival: n. 生存，幸存survivor: n. 幸存者 8. by design = on purpose 故意地by chance = by accident 偶然地 9. belong to 属于，是…其中的一员或一部分（无被动，无进行时） In our country, land doesn’t belong to any individual. Belonging to the developing countries, China faces many difficulties. 10. in return 作为报答in return for…作为对…的报答 11. Serve v. 服务service n. 服务serve as 担任，充当 He serves as a waiter here. The box can serve as a table. 12. reception desk 接待处give a warm reception to…热情地接待… 13. have/get sth. done 使…被做 I must have/get my homework finished before going out to play. 14. light: v. 点燃，照亮light up 点（烟），照亮，（使）变亮，（脸等）放光彩 Her eyes lit up with joy. light的过去式和过去分词有两种：lit和lighted，作为动词时二者可通用，但作定语时，只能用lighted. He lit/lighted a candle and handed the lighted candle to me. 15. consider doing sth. 考虑做…. be considered to be…被认为… 16. wonder: v. 想知道，感到惊奇，疑惑n. 奇迹，奇人/事 (It’s) no wonder (that)…难怪…He hasn’t slept at all for three days. No wonder (that) he is worn out. 17. at war 处于战争状态 18. remove：v. ①搬开，拿开，移动②去掉，消除③脱掉④搬家，迁移 His name was removed from the list. 19. furniture: n. 家具（不可数） a piece of furniture = an article of furniture They didn’t buy much furniture before they got married. 20. doubt: v. n. 怀疑，疑惑
高中英语必修二第一单元知识点总结 内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）
高一英语知识点归纳和总结必修2第一单元 一、重点短语回顾 1. in search _________ 寻找，搜寻 2. _______ to 属于 3. in _________ 作为报答，回报 4. at _________ 处于交战状态 5. _______ than 少于 6. be __________ doing 值得做 7. add A ______ B 把A添加到B 8. serve _______ 充当 9. agree ______ 同意；赞成 10. care _______ 关心；在乎 11. rather _______ 而不是 12. for _________ 亲自 13. to one’s _______ 令某人吃惊的是 14. think _______ of 看重；器重 15. search _______ 寻找 1. of 2. belong 3. return 4. war 5. less than 6. worth 7. to 8. as 9. with 10. about 11. than 12. oneself 13. to 14. highly 15. for 二、课本知识点
2. in search of 寻找，找寻in the search of (?) in one’s search for = in the search for (?) search sp.某地 for sb./sth 搜查某地寻找某人某物in one’s research of (×) 3. could have done 意思1：过去可能做过某事 I can't imagine how he could have thought of doing such a thing。 我不能想象他怎么会想到做这样的事。 这里的could表示对可能性的一种推测。 意思2：本来可以做某事(而实际上没做)*- But for your help, I could have fed the fishes. 若不是你搭救，我恐怕已经葬身鱼腹了 4.must have done 肯定干了某事 can’t have done = couldn’t have done 肯定没干某事 5. may have done = might have done 可能干了某事 may not have done = might not have done 过去可能没做过某事6. need have done 本应该做某事但是没有 needn’t have done 本不必做某事（而实际上做了） 7. should have done = ought to have done 本该做某事（而实际上未做）
Lesson One https://www.doczj.com/doc/b815063449.html,e true 成为现实；实现 例：It’s like a dream come true. (习语) 2.predict v. 语言prediction n. predict 与forecast 的区别： predict 是用经验，感觉来判断；而forecast指对未来事件的预测，这种预测建立在某种知识或判断上，如对天气的预测是建立在科学判断上的。 3.describe vt. 描写，形容；把……称为 例：He described himself as a doctor. description n. 描述 4.harm vt. & n. 损害，伤害 Too much direct sunlight will harm the plant. do harm to 伤害，损害 This won’t do his career serious harm. do more harm than good 弊大于利 Criticizing people’s work often does more harm than good. 5.cause n. & vt. (1) n. 原因，起因；理由，缘故 Carelessness is often the cause of fires. (2)vt. 使发生，引起，造成；后接名词，间接宾语+直接宾语，直接宾语+ to/for+间接宾语或宾语+to do sth. What caused his illness? 6.affect vt. 影响 affect vt. 影响 Smoking affects health. effect n. 效应；影响 Loud noises have a bad effect on hearing. effort n. 努力；尽力. I’ll spare no effort to help you.
人教版（2019）高中英语必修2第一单元语言要点详解 第一部分单词： 1. 对译词汇(包含部分黑体词汇) heritage creatively relic cypress dam app contribute archaeologist pyramid parade chiwen paraphrase Aswan Dam the Nile Egypt temple department fund document download mirror roof cave quote UNESCO Cairo Tanzania the Kremlin Moscow Saint Basil's Cathedral the Forbidden City Los Angeles republic mount forever digital oversea dragon protest opinion clue sheet 2. 形变词汇(关注词汇的变形) application →apply →applicant→applying →applied contribution →contribute→contributor investigate→ investigation professional →professor→profession comparison→compare→ comparative historic→history→historical→historically tradition→traditional→traditional Egyptian→Egypt→Egyptian (Egyption) conduct→conductor→conductive→conduct→disappear→appear→appearance→disappearance== loss→lose→loser→ establish→establishment→established→establishing 3. 课本词汇(课标中见到,有必要向学生强调部分用法。) opposite briefly definition safeguard quote draft explanation motivate affect customs presentation characteristics symbolic surveyor weed 1). It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us. 2). Surprisingly, these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. 3). These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. 4). Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development. 5). You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. 4. 列举掌握 1). Former形容词，先前的；与“latter”是一对反义词，经常成对出现。 比如：Of the two the latter is better than the former.在两者之中，后者比前者要好。 ①The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. 翻译---- (曾经的教堂) ②Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was________(former) alive. (formerly) 2). balance既是动词，又是名词。 例句：After paying all the expenses, there is a balance of fifty yuan.支出所有的开销后，还有50元的余额。 You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages. 你要权衡一下生活在大城市的利弊。 We try to strike a balance between justice and mercy. 我们设法做到宽严并济,恩威兼施. ① Also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a_____(balance) take on life. (balanced)
必修2Unit1 单元知识梳理和能力组合 1.survive 幸存，经历?而活着 2.amaze 使惊讶 3.select 精选 4.design 设计 5.fancy 奇异的 6.style 风格 7.remove 除去 8.doubt 怀疑 9.reception 接待10.light 点燃11.wonder 惊奇 12.evidence 证据13.trial 尝试；审判14.explode 爆炸15.sink 下沉16.debate 辩论短语 1. belong to 属于 2. in search of 搜寻 3. in return 作为回报 4. at war 交战 5.take apart 拆开 6. think highly of 高度评价 7. be used to do被用来做 8. rather than 而不是 9. more than 不仅仅10. less than 少于11. care about 在乎12. add ?to?增加13. agree with 同意14. see for oneself 亲自看15.at that time 在那时16.serve as充当17. by the light of 借着?的光18. be designed for 为?而设计19.no doubt 无疑20. the entrance to 通往?的入口 句型 1. There is no doubt that?: 毫无疑问，? 2.It takes somebody some time to do something. 做某事花某人多长时间 3.This was a time when ?在这个时期? 4.It can be proved that ?可以证明，? 5.can't have done something 不可能做过某事能力拓展 Part 1. Warming up 1.Is it enough to have survived for a long time?只是存在的时间长就足够了吗？survive vi.幸免；生还；幸存 vt. 经历??而幸存；比??活的时间长 Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived. 在这次撞车事故受伤的6 个人中，只有2 个人活了下来。 常用结构：survive sb. （by...比）??活得长survive sth. 幸免于；从??中挺过来survival n. ［U ］幸存；［C ］残存物survivor n.生还者，幸存者 【即学即练】完成句子 ①她丈夫去世后她又活了10 年。 She _______ her husband ten years. ②T he old couple ___ _______ ________ （从战争中幸存下来）. ③I n the terrible accident, there were no （幸存者）. 答案:① survived;by ②survived the war ③survivors Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending 1. in search of the Amber Room in search of 寻找 I looked everywhere in search of my lost pen. 我四处寻找我丢失的钢笔。【易混辨析】search/search for/search...for/in search of search表示“搜索；搜寻；调查”。search sb意. 为“搜某人身”；search sp意. 为“在某地搜查”（意图找到某东西）。
必修二UNIT4 Wildlife protection 一、单词拼写 (A)单词识记根据音标和解释写出英语单词或汉语意思。 1. __________ n. 野生动植物 2. __________ n. 地毯 3. __________ n. 蚊子 4. __________ n. 昆虫 5. _________ n. 收入 6. _________ n. 事件; 事变 7. _________ n. 灰尘; 尘土; 尘埃 8. _________ n. 地域; 地带; 地区9. ____________ vt. 检查;视察 10. ___________ vt. 擦;摩擦 11. ___________ vt.&vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜寻 12. ___________ vt. 影响; 感动; 侵袭 13. __________ vi.&vt. 减少; (使)变小;或变少 14. __________ adj. 远的; 远处的 15. __________ adj. 凶猛的; 猛烈的 16. __________ n.&vi. 损害;危害 (B) 单词运用:根据句意从上述单词中选择一个合适的单词的适当形式填空。 1. Malaria(疟疾) occurs when a person is bitten by a ____________ that carries the parasite. 2. They rolled out the red____________ to welcome the visit of the premier. 3. He said he had sent a team to the district to investigate the ____________. 4. The United Nations report says climate change will___________ poor countries, cities and individuals more severely. 5. These people traditionally share their lands and resources with the wildlife and do them no ___________. 单词拓展 (A)单词派生写出下列单词与其派生词。 1. __________ vi. 回答; 响应; 做出反应__________ n. 响应; 反应; 回答 类例defend → defense(防守);n offend → offense(冒犯) 2. ____________ adj. 重要的; 重大的______________ n. 重要(性) 3. ____________ vt. 包含; 容纳; 容忍______________ n. 集装箱; 容器 4. ____________ vt. 鉴赏; 感激; 意识到____________ n. 欣赏; 鉴别; 感谢____________adj. 欣赏的; 感激的 5. ____________ n. 功率; 力量; 能力____________ adj. 强大的; 有力的 adj. 安全的; 可靠的____________ n. 安全; 保证; 证券 7. __________ vi. 成功vt. 接替; 继任__________ n. 成功; 成就__________ adj. 成功的 8. __________ vt. 雇用; 利用(时间,精力等) ____________ n. 职业; 雇用__________ n. 雇主__________ n. 雇员; 某些动词后面加-er表示作这个动作的人; 而加-ee则表示接受这个动作的人。如：train → trainer → trainee (受训者); pay → payer → payee (收款人)；interview → interviewer → interviewee (被访者) 等。 (B)灵活运用: 1. Her________ (respond) was always the same: “If you want to marry me, buy me a flat.” 2. One is food ________ (secure), another is climate change and the third is the threat of a worldwide outbreak of flu. 3. As farmers take land out of production, __________ (employ) falls and the price of some crops is likely to rise. 4. In 1970, China__________ (success) launched the first man-made satellite. 5. Cancer is a terrible foe and it requires the most__________ (power) treatment that we have available. 6. Your help was greatly __________ (appreciate). 7. Nevertheless, their errors illustrate the___________ (important) of paying attention to detail. 三、短语翻译将下列短语译成英文。 1. ______________在危险中; 垂危 2. ______________ 如释重负;松了口气 3. ___________________ 突然笑起来 4. ___________________ 注意 5. ___________________ 形成; 产生 6. ________________按照; 根据......所说 7. ________________灭亡; 逐渐消失 8. ________________ 以致于; 结果 9. ________________ 和平地; 和睦地 10. _______________ 保护......不受......
Unit 4 Wildlife protection 【短语归纳】： 1.die out灭亡；逐渐消失 2.in peace和平地；和睦地；安祥地 3.in danger (of) 在危险中；垂危 4.in relief 如释重负；松了口气 5.burst into laughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来 6.protect...from保护……不受……(危害) 7.pay attention to注意https://www.doczj.com/doc/b815063449.html,e into being形成；产生9.according to按照；根据……所说10.so that以致于；结果 【知识点总结】： 1.Their numbers may decrease. decrease vi. & vt. 减少；（使）变小或变少 decrease to …减少至… decrease by…减少了… e.g. By 1881, the population of Ireland had decreased to 5.2 million. Student numbers have decreased by 500. 拓展：reduce to/reduce by减少到…/减少了… increase to /increase by 增加到…/增加了… 2. As a result these endangered animals may even die out.
at the mercy of任由……摆布It is a mercy that... 真是万幸…… e.g. She begged the president to have mercy on her husband. The poor cat is at the mercy of the naughty boy. 5.They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers. certain adj. 确定的；一定的；某一 (1)be certain of/ about sth.：对…有把握（=be sure of/about sth.） be certain to do sth.：一定会做… to a certain extent：一定程度上 for certain=for sure无疑地；确定地make certain (that...)弄清楚；弄明白 It is certain that…：肯定，一定会….（不能说It is sure that…） e.g. We are certain to have a good time at the party tonight. It is certain that something is wrong with the machine 6.I'm protecting myself from mosquitoes. protect...from...保护……不受……(危害) protect...against保护……以防……(强调较大的事情，如敌人的入侵、天灾等) keep＋宾语＋from doing stop＋宾语＋(from) doing prevent＋宾语＋(from) doing 阻止……做某事 注意：被动语态里from均不可省去，而在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from 可以省略。 7.It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. contain vt. 包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等)；抑制 contain oneself克制自己container n.容器；集装箱；货柜 易混辨异contain, include, including, included 1)contain意为“包含；容纳；里面装有”，侧重“整体内有”，在某一范围或容器 内能容纳某物。其宾语与主语常是同位关系，不用于进行时态。此外，contain 还有“控制，克制”之意。 2)include意为“包含；计入；包括”，只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。 3)including可以作介词连接介词短语，放在所包括的东西之前。 4)included是过去分词性质的形容词，放在所包括的东西之后。 e.g. She was too angry to contain hersel f. The hall can contain/hold/admit 3,000 people. Many people like tennis, including me/me included. 8.affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭 1)be greatly/deeply affected by被……深深打动