George Bernard Shaw

well-made play
• 19世纪流行于欧洲的一种戏剧样式。 • 特点： 运用雕琢的布局，离奇的情节和紧张的场面，以 激起观众的兴奋情绪，偏重追求剧场效果而忽视 思想内容。 • 模式： 1.开幕后在最短时间交待出前史 2.把情节维系在一个秘密上 3.人物上下场巧妙 4.有误会发生 5.小道具对情节有重要影响 6.有激变的重要场景
St. Joan (1923) 《圣女贞德》
• The philosopical drama:
Man and Superman 《人与超人》
Major works
• The tragic drama:
The Doctor’s Dilemma
《医生的困境》
• An examination of monarchy:
a) Inherited from Swift（斯威夫特）, Fielding（菲 尔丁）, Long Kece's（龙克策）outstandiing realistic visual thorn literature rhetoric. b) Put forward the new socialist ideology and has paved the way for mordern English literature.
Influence
His plays changed British stage condition at the end of the 19th century, he opened the new page of history of British drama. The most important dramatist since Shakespeare. In 1950s, the United States, Britain, Canada, Japan and other countries have established the Bernard Shaw society and the Bernard Shaw fetival.

Do you know the famous actress? Can you name some films which she acted in?
窈窕淑女 (My Fair Lady) 1964年
Questions:
1. Have you seen the film My Fair Lady ? 2. Who wrote the play?



He was member of Fabian Society, a middleclass socialist group that aimed at the transformation of English government and society.

Literary Career and Achievements
Do you heard of “the Pygmalion Effect”? The Pygmalion Effect (皮格马利翁效应) is that people tend to behave as you expect they will. If you expect a person to take responsibility, they probably will. If you expect them not to even try, they probably won’t.
The Fair Lady by George Bernard
Shaw is an adaptation of a Greek
story. Do you know the story?
Pygmalion, a gifted artist, makes a stone statue of a beautiful woman. He asks the Greek Goddess to bring her to life. His wish is granted.

Criticism
Although some people regard the play as highly inaccurate, especially in its depiction of medieval society, my point of view towards this play is positive. Turbulent epoch creates great man. It also reminds me of our country’s heroines Liu Hulan and Qiu Jin.
George Bernard Shaw (1856(1856-1950)
“If you have an apple and I have an apple and we exchange apples then you and I will still each have one apple. But if you have an idea and I have an idea and we exchange these ideas, then each of us will have two ideas.”
Reputation
Oscar Wilde the most celebrated dramatists in the last decade of the 19th century, who, in a sense, pioneered the modern drama
Bernard Shaw
His works are examples of the plays inspired by social criticism. He is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare.

20世纪之后，萧伯纳的创作进入高峰
• • • •
• • • •
《人与超人》（1903）Man and Superman 《芭芭拉少校》（1905） Major Barbara 《伤心之家》（1913）》Heartbreak House 《回到马修撒拉时代》(1921) Back to Methuselah 《圣女贞德（圣女约翰娜）》（1923）Saint Joan 《苹果车》（1929）The Apple Cart 《真相毕露》（1931）Too True to Be Good 《突然出现的岛上愚人》（1936）
人物和意义：
• 作为传奇主角，贞德这个人物最世俗的戏剧性首先来自 女扮男装这一点吧。撇开重大的历史背景，人物特色中 最抓人眼球的，便是这个女人的“男人婆”气质。和中 国的民间女英雄花木兰不同，贞德穿上铠甲保家卫国， 并非有代父从军的家庭“孝道”思想的局限，她是纯粹 的个人责任感和爱国心所致，她听见的上帝的“声音”， 是她质朴热情勇敢自由的天性引发的超越性别的一个具 象化动力。这种动力，因为其不参杂任何私心私利而让 人尊重敬仰。 • 贞德从乡下少女到民族宗教领袖的成功，是人们在生存 和精神处于低地时，对无所畏惧的热情，平等奔放的自 由的最大渴求。这个品质基本是所有历史上成功的领袖 的特质，但这份特质出现在一个十七八岁的乡下少女身 上，就撞击出更耀眼的戏剧光芒，因为这带上一种“天 降大任”的自然奇迹效果。
费边社会徽
政治主张
• 费边社宣称自己是社会主义团体，承认社会主 义是资本主义发展的必然趋势。但他们从斯宾塞 庸俗进化论的“社会有机体论”出发，把历史发 展看成是类似于自然界纯粹进化的过程，从而否 认飞跃、质变和渐进过程的中断，并由此公开声 称他们所信仰的费边主义的特点之一就是“自觉 的渐进主义”，同时还明确表示，在“并非经过 灾难导致社会主义”问题上，费边主义与马克思 主义关于阶级斗争、革命和无产阶级专政学说之 间存在着严重分歧。

George Bernard Shaw
BY
Contents:
1 Author 2 Author's works 3 Pygmalion 4 Style of Bernard Shaw
PART ONE
George Bernard Shaw（1856-1950）
Birithplace: Dublin, Ireland Occupation:Playwright（剧作家），Critic,
Characteristics of Bernard Shaw's plays
1.Structurally and thematically, Shaw followed the great traditions of realism [’ri:əlɪzəm].（现实主义） 2.To portray[pɔ:’treɪ]（描绘）his characters, he employed contrast antithesis [æn’tɪθəsɪs]（对立）.His characters are the representative of ideas that alter [’ɔ:ltə(r)] （改变）during the play. 3.Much of his drama is constructed by employing inversion.（倒置） 4.The plot of his plays advanced not by action but by dialogues like comedies of manners.(风格手法）
• He contract with the poor people and came to know their miserable life. • He educated himself at the library in British Museum

爱情观
萧伯纳说过：“此时此刻在地球上，约有两万个人适合当 你的人生伴侣，就看你先遇到哪一个，如果在第二个理想伴侣 出现之前，你已经跟前一个人发展出相知相惜、互相信赖的深 层关系，那后者就会变成你的好朋友，但是若你跟前一个人没 有培养出深层关系，感情就容易动摇、变心，直到你与这些理 想伴侣候选人的其中一位拥有稳固的深情，才是幸福的开始， 漂泊的结束。
George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
The Dramatist
Irish dramatist, literary critic, a socialist spokesman, and a leading figure in the 20th century theater.
During the 19th century, many more Englishmen could vote. This also brought the introduction of women’s suffragette妇
女参政权论者 organizations. Increased political participation further prompted a shift in
爱上一个人不需要靠努力，只需要靠“际遇”，是上天的 安排，但是“持续地爱一个人”就要靠“努力”，在爱情的经 营中，顺畅运转的要素就是沟通、体谅、包容与自制 (面临诱 惑有所自制)。有许多人总是被“际遇”所迷惑与苦恼，意念 不停、欲念不断、争逐不散，而忘了培养经营感情的能力才是 幸福的关键。所以不要去追问到底谁才是我的Mr.Right，而是 问在眼前的伴侣关系中，我能努力到什么程度、成长到什么程 度，若没有培养出经营幸福的能力，就算真的Mr.Right出现在 你身边，幸福依然会错过的，而活在犹豫与遗憾当中，这不就 是许多“爱情虚无症”的遭遇与心态吗？

萧伯纳名言名句1. "Life isn't about finding yourself. Life is about creating yourself." - George Bernard Shaw2. "The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion that it has taken place." - George Bernard Shaw3. "Success does not consist in never making mistakes but in never making the same one a second time." - George Bernard Shaw4. "A life spent making mistakes is not only more honorable but more useful than a life spent doing nothing." - George Bernard Shaw5. "Progress is impossible without change, and those who cannot change their minds cannot change anything." - George Bernard Shaw6. "You see things; and you say 'Why?' But I dream things that never were; and I say 'Why not?'" - George Bernard Shaw7. "The only man who behaves sensibly is my tailor; he takes my measurements anew each time he sees me. The rest go on with their old measurements and expect me to fit them." - George Bernard Shaw8. "The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends on the unreasonable man." - George Bernard Shaw9. "I am of the opinion that my life belongs to the community, and as long as I live, it is my privilege to do for it whatever I can." - George Bernard Shaw10. "Without art, our world would have no meaning or purpose. Without science, our world would have no progress or advancement. It is the combination of both that truly defines our humanity." - George Bernard Shaw。

Well-known Sayi education ruined me. • The more you learn, the more you know. The more you know, the more you forget. The more you forget, the less you know. So why learn? • Practice makes perfect..... But nobody perfect...... so why practice? • If it is true that we are here to help others, then what exactly are the others here for? • Money is not everything. There is MasterCard & Visa. • The wise never marry and when they marry they become otherwise. • Behind every successful man there is a woman, and behind every unsuccessful man, there are two. • "Your future depends on your dreams." So go to sleep.
Correspondence
• Shaw is known to have written more than 250,000 letters.
• He corresponded with an array of people, most of them are well-known. And they are of different profession, writers, actress, boxer , composer, assistant, even BBC.

nobody is perfect,so why practise?
有一天萧伯纳在街头遇见一个苏联小姑娘，那小
姑娘聪明活泼，逗人喜爱，他便同她玩了很久， 临别的时候，萧伯纳对他说:“你回去告诉你妈妈， 就说今天同你玩的是世界有名的作家萧伯纳。” 而小姑娘听了他的话，竟然学着他的口吻说: “你 回去也告诉你妈妈,就说今天同你玩的是苏联小姑 娘娜塔莎。”“一个人不论有多大的成就，对任 何人都应该平等相待，要永远谦虚。”萧伯纳深 有感触地说。
Nobel
Prize for Literature (1925) Oscar Academy Award for Writing Adapted ScreenplayPygmalion(1938)
In
1931,when Shaw was on a world tour,he visited China and was warmly received by the revolutionary people here,represent by Lu Xun and others.
Shaw
When
In
1876, Shaw moved to his mother's London household. He earned money by ghostwriting some music and movie column,but his literary earnings remained negligible. till 1885, he became self-supporting as a critic of the arts.
Who
are the great? Who are the ordinary? Who are the little?

They settled in Lawerence (Hertfordshire, England), the house they had lived now called Shaw‘s Corner
They traveled world during the 1930s.
萧伯纳说过：“此时此刻在地球上，约 有两万个人适合当你的人生伴侣，就看你 先遇到哪一个，如果在第二个理想伴侣出 现之前，你已经跟前一个人发展出相知相 惜、互相信赖的深层关系，那后者就会变 成你的好朋友，但是若你跟前一个人没有 培养出深层关系，感情就容易动摇、变心， 直到你与这些理想伴侣候选人的其中一位 拥有稳固的深情，才是幸福的开始，漂泊 的结束。
In 1925 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. Shaw accepted the honor but refused the money.
M a
r
r i a g e
Wife
Shaw married with Charlotte Payne-Townshend, a AngloIrish In 1896.
Be born in Dublin, Ireland in July 1856.
In 1876, Shaw moved to his mother‘s London house hood.
left to London to pursue her musical dream, and both his two sisters left, too. But Shaw remained in Dublin with his father.
In 1892, Bernard Shaw began writing scripts. First drama: " widower property" 《鳏夫的 财产》 " unpleasant drama “Mrs. Warren's occupation” collection― 《华伦夫人的职业》 《不愉快的戏剧集》 " Prodigal" 《荡子》 Second drama： “ arms and the man”《武器和人类》 and other four plays. Third drama： wrote plays“ the devil‘s disciple” 《魔鬼门 徒》and other 3 script.

萧伯纳作品选读英文George Bernard Shaw, known as Bernard Shaw, was anIrish playwright, critic, and polemicist. He is considered one of the greatest playwrights in the English language. Shaw's works often explore social and political issues, and his plays are known for their wit, satire, and intellectual depth. Here are some selected works by George Bernard Shaw that are worth reading:1. "Pygmalion" (1913): This play tells the story of a phonetics professor who transforms a working-class girlinto a refined lady. It explores themes of social class, identity, and the power of language.2. "Man and Superman" (1903): This play is a comedic take on the Don Juan legend and delves into philosophical ideas about life, love, and the pursuit of happiness.3. "Arms and the Man" (1894): This anti-romantic comedy challenges the notions of war and heroism, portrayingsoldiers as ordinary individuals rather than glorified figures.4. "Saint Joan" (1923): Based on the life of Joan of Arc, this play explores themes of faith, martyrdom, and the struggle between individual conviction and societal norms.5. "Major Barbara" (1905): This play examines the clash between capitalism and idealism through the story of a Salvation Army officer and her wealthy industrialist father.6. "The Devil's Disciple" (1897): Set during the American Revolution, this play satirizes religioushypocrisy and explores themes of self-sacrifice and heroism.7. "Mrs. Warren's Profession" (1893): Thiscontroversial play tackles the issue of prostitution and challenges Victorian moral values.8. "Candida" (1894): A comedy of manners that explores the complexities of marriage and the role of women in society.9. "The Doctor's Dilemma" (1906): This play raises ethical questions about the medical profession and the allocation of limited resources.10. "The Apple Cart" (1929): A political satire that imagines a constitutional crisis in Britain.These are just a few examples of George Bernard Shaw's works. His plays are known for their thought-provoking content and sharp wit, making them a valuable read for anyone interested in literature and social commentary.。

Contrasting Reactions
• Reviewers overwhelmingly condemned the play as immoral, citing its focus on prostitution and incest. • Today, however, the play is applauded for its astute view of the corruption at the heart of Victorian society.
Characterization
• Mrs. Kitty Warren: full of endurance and courage, devoted, domineering (专横的；盛气凌人的 ), selfdeception, oppressed and oppressor. • Vivie Warren: beautiful, attractive, sensible, hardworking, highly educated, overwhelming selfconfident, unconventional, asexual and "permanently unromantic“, New Women. • Sir George Crofts: powerful, “gentlemanly combination of the most brutal(野蛮的) types of city man, sporting man, and man about town” , vicious, hypocritical.
Contents
I. I. His Life His Viewpoint on Literature

Between 1879 and 1883, he started to attend public meetings.
In 1884, he joined the Fabian Society（费边社）.
Shaw’s birthplace in Dublin
4
bedroom
Shaw's Corner
10
11
Scene
3
Major works
Major works
• • • • • • • • • • • • Widowers' Houses 《鳏夫的房产》 Mrs. Warren's Profession 《华伦夫人的职业》 Saint Joan 《圣女贞德》 Pygmalion 《卖花女》 The Devil's Disciple 《魔鬼的门徒》 Man and Superman《人与超人》 Heartbreak House 《伤心之家》 Major Barbara 《巴巴拉少校》 The Apple Cart 《苹果车》 The Doctor's Dilemma 《医生的两难选择》 Back to Methuselah 《长生》或《千岁人》 Caesar and Cleopatra 《凯撒和克娄巴特拉》
刘华
安玉博
韩亚伟
George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
2
Scene
&
Life experience
1
Historical background
Life experience
Bernard Shaw was born in Dublin, Ireland, of English parentage(出身） in 1856.

Shaw’s Birthplace in Dublin
bedroom
6.When the First World War broke out, he denounced （公然抨击） those imperialist（帝国主义） warlaunchers in his book, Common Sense About the War.
Scene Ⅳ--Drama Features
1.The close connection with the reality of political struggle 2.He is good at showing conflicts and the main ideas through dialogues and personal feelings. 3.George Bernard Shaw's dramatic language was sharp and full of wisdom.
劳动和运动 在一次宴会上，萧伯纳恰好与某纺织厂经理的太太 并座。“亲爱的萧伯纳先生，”这位身体肥胖、娇声 娇气的阔太太问道：“你是否知道哪种减肥药最有 效？” 萧伯纳注视了一下这位邻座，装出一副正经的神态， 用手持着长须答 道：“我倒是知道有一种药，但是， 遗憾的是，我无论如何也翻译不出这个药名，因为劳 动和运动这两个词。对您来说是地道的外国字。”
① criticize contemporary social, economic moral and
religious evils
② on behalf of rationalist and socialist（理想主义与
社会主义）
③ “Life Force”（生命动力）——create superior

George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
Scene Ⅰ
Life
Bernard Shaw was born in Dublin, Ireland in 1856. He was interested in literature, music and art.
He had much contact with the poor people and came to know their miserable life.
From 1885, he served as a critic of music and drama, he introduced a new standard in judging performers and composers.
When the First World War broke out, he denounced those imperialist war-launchers in his book, Common Sense About the War.
《皮格马利翁 》尽情嘲讽贵族的自私、冷酷、虚伪、愚 蠢，同时也成功地塑造了一个由自卑贫穷到独立自主的卖 花女形象。 萧伯纳不仅展现了伊莉莎从满口土语粗话的 卖花女到语音纯正 、风度高雅的贵族公主在外形气质上 的变化过程，而且展示了她由自爱自尊到自立自由的心路 历程。 在伊莉莎外形气质的变化及贵蔟上层对这种变化 的认可中，观众嘲笑其中的虚伪和荒唐。 伊莉莎不甘心做街头的卖花女，从想当花铺店员到想 做语音学教师自食其力，以聪颖的天赋和理智的选择不断 改变着命运， 其自身特有的强烈的抗争精神也颠覆了她 作为息金斯语音学试验品的客体地位，将自己提高到和息 金斯一样，计划以语音学谋得生活地位和生活来源的主体 地位， 伊莉莎的自强自立让观众在笑声中对伊莉莎肃然 起敬，思索男权社会下，女人获得主体地位的可能性与必 然性。