历年高考英语试题对定语从句的考查

[教育资源网] 百万教学资源，完全免费，无须注册，天天更新！形容词性从句（定语从句）（复合句考查的重点）定语从句是主要用来修饰它前面的先行词（名词或代词）的从句，所以又称形容词从句。

根据与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

定语从句主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词；介词＋关系代词以及非限制性定语从句。

具体考点如下：考点一：引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）和关系副词(as, when, where, why)等。

但是当下列情况出现时，对引导词有特殊要求。

1.指物只能用 that不用which 的情况1).当先行词是不定代词时,如:all, little, much, none, one, everyone, something, anything, everything, nothing 等。

2).当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, 等修饰时。

3).当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

4).在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中。

5)当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。

This is the fastest train (that) there is to Beijing.6).当主句是以which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词只能用 that。

Who is the girl that is talking with Mr. Brown？7).如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。

We are talking about the people and countries that we have visited.8).当先行词在定语从句中做表语时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。

新课标高考英语语法定语从句高考真题例析定语从句(一)考点1正确选择关系词1．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.(2014·重庆,9) 答案which/that解析考查定语从句.句意为：再有一个月我们就能完成年初制订的销售目标了。

which/that指代targets，在从句中充当set的宾语。

2．I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.(2014·湖南,31）答案when解析考查定语从句.先行词为the day,关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。

3．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.（2014·安徽，22）答案which/that解析考查定语从句。

先行词是the exact year，定语从句中的动词spent是及物动词,后面缺少宾语,故填which/that。

4．A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad。

（2014·山东，10）答案whose解析考查定语从句.句意为：国内市场利润萎缩的公司可能会寻求国外市场的机会。

空格后名词profits 和先行词company形成所属关系，故应填whose。

5．Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.（2014·陕西,13) 答案that解析考查定语从句。

2010年高考题定语从句第一部分七年高考题荟萃2011年高考题1 .(2011 全国卷 I) 31. The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination .A . thatB . whichC . whoseD . what2.(2011 全国卷 II)7. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt,____is a stupid thing to do in such weather .A . thisB . thatC . whatD . which3. (2011 北京卷) 26 . Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,_________,of course,make all the others upset .A . whoB . whichC . whatD . that4 .(2011 上海卷) 39. You‟ll find taxis wait ing at the bus station ____ you can hire to reach your host family .A . whichB . whereC . whenD . as5. (2011 山东卷) 32 .The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other .A . theyB . whereC . whatD . that答案： CDBAD6. (2011江西卷) 34. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years .A . for whichB . with whichC . of whichD . to which7. (2011 江苏卷) 24 . Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______the audience can buy ice-cream .A . whenB . whereC . thatD . which8.(2011 安徽卷)28. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____it will keep for two or three weeks .A . whenB . whichC . whereD . while9.(2011浙江卷)8.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of ____uses it somewhat differently .A . whichB . whatC . themD . those答案： A10. (2011 浙江卷) 10. A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain .A . whenB . thatC . whereD . there答案： CACAC11. (2011 福建卷) 24. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____allows them to communicate freely with each other .A . whichB . whereC . whatD . who12. (2011 四川卷) 17 . The school shop, ________ customers are mainly students,is closed few the holidays .A . whichB . whoseC . whenD . where13. (2011 天津卷) 10 . The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living .A . whenB . thatC . whereD . which14. (2011 陕西卷) 11 .I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, __________we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake .A . whichB . whereC . whoD . that15 .(2011 湖南卷)25.Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _________she spoke fluently .A . whoB . whomC . whichD . that答案： ADABC2010年高考题1. (10 福建 24) Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet_____life has developed gradually .A . thatB . whereC . whichD . whose2. (10 湖南 28) I've become good friends with several of the students in my school_____I met in the English speech contest last year .A . whoB . whereC . whenD . which3. (10江西 31)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister______she would stay for an hour .A whereB whoC whichD what4. (10 山东 24)That‟s the new machine parts are too small to be seen.___A . thatB . whichC . whoseD . What5. (10山东 38) Wind power is an ancient source of energy ______ we may return in the near future .A . on whichB . by whichC . to whichD . from which答案： B A A CC6. (10 天津 8) Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? You should try the barber‟s ______ I go . It‟s only 15.A . asB . whichC . whereD . that7． (10 四川 10) After graduating from college， I took some time off to go travelling， ______ turned out to bea wise decision．A． that B． which C． when D． where8. (10 全国Ⅰ 24)As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather .A . whichB . whereC . whatD . that9. (10 江苏 32)The newly built café , the walls of_______ are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,specially after hard work .A . thatB . itC . whatD . which10. (陕西 11) The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair .A . whereB . whichC . itsD . Whose答案： CBADD .11. (10 全国Ⅱ 16) I refuse to accept the blame for something________was someone else‟s fault .A . whoB . thatC . asD . what14. (北京 27) Children who are not active or_____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly .A . whatB . whoseC . whichD . that15. (重庆 28) In china, the number of cities is increasing________development is recognized across the world .A . whereB . whichC . whoseD . that16． ( 10 浙江 3) The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ______left their village homes for abetter life in the city .A． whom B． whichC． them D． those答案： BB CA2009年高考题1 .(09 山东 24)Whenever I met her,_________was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile .A . whoB . whichC . whenD . that答案 B解析本题考查连词的用法，非限制性定语从句，指代前面一个句子，故用 which .2 .(09 宁夏海南 28)She brought with her three friends,none of_______I had ever met before .A . themB . whoC . whomD . these答案 C解析考查定语从句中的非限制性定语从句。

考点六十六关系代词引导的定语从句定语从句是历年高考的重点，主要考查常见关系代词和关系副词的用法，比如which/that/as/ when/where的用法及区别性的选择等，及与其他从句如名词性从句的区别等。

在高考的中主要体现在语法填空，短文改错，完型填空等中，且语法填空几乎每年会出一道题。

考向一常见关系代词的基本用法1. that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。

指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。

不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。

2. which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。

如：The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）3. who, whom, whose（1）who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，只可指人（2）whom: 宾格，在从句中只能作宾语; 只可指人（3）whose: 表所属关系，在从句中作定语。

译为：某人的，某物的（4）whose + 名词=the + n. + of which (某物的) = he + n. + of whom (某人的)注意：①关系代词作介词宾语(在定语从句中，介词提前时，介词后：表人用whom；表物用which)②关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。

关系代词who 和that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末。

）4. asas 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语（1）如为限制性的，多用于the same …as ; the same as(与……相同)；s uch …as …（如此，这样）; as many/much as（和……一样多）；so/as …as（与……一样）等结构中。

如：（2）如为非限制性的，as还可以单独引导一个定语从句，代替整个主句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为＂正如，这一点＂。

高考英语定语从句考点归纳与命题透视作者：孙小峰来源：《新高考·高三英语》2012年第09期定语从句是高中英语重点语法内容之一，也是每年高考必考的语法项目。

纵观2012年及往年全国各省市高考真题，高考对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下五个方面。

一、考查关系代词与关系副词的区别解析 1～3题答案分别为D、B、C。

第1题“position”为先行词，关系词在从句中做地点状语，因此，应该使用关系副词“where”来引导定语从句。

句意：在销售总监的职位上，交际能力与销售能力同等重要。

第2题when引导定语从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词an age（时代），此处的when=in which。

第3题story shows the most imagination修饰先行词writer。

而先行词writer和story有所属关系，所以用whose表示“作者的故事”。

句意为“这个奖项将颁给写的故事充满想象力的作家。

”【命题透视】选择关系代词与关系副词的关键取决于关系词在从句中所担当的句子成分。

如果关系词在从句中做主语、宾语、表语、定语，只能用关系代词；如果关系词在从句中做状语（地点、时间、原因）则用关系副词。

二、考查非限制性定语从句解析 4～6题答案分别为A、A、C。

第4题中，依据后面的closing time“停止营业时间”可以得知此句是在谈时间，但是此句中缺少主语，前面又有一个逗号，所以可以确定这里是一个非限制性定语从句，用which。

第5题如果选择B或D就出现了两个并列句子了。

本题考查非限制性定语从句，as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，都指主句所表达的整个意思，as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中做主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。

在本题中，has been为系动词，而且非限制性定语从句在句中，所以应该选as，代替A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life。

专题07 名词性从句和定语从句2022年高考真题1（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.答案：that解析：考查定语从句关系词。

句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。

设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。

故填that。

2（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.答案：who解析：考查定语从句。

句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。

分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。

故填who。

3（2022年浙江1月）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of T echnology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.答案：that/who解析：考查定语从句。

2017-2019高考英语真题分类解----定语从句一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】21.We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。

句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。

故选C。

2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。

句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。

3.【2019·新课标I卷·短文改错】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【答案】One afternoon wherewhenI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【解析】考查定语从句。

先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。

高考英语定语从句分析超级高级单选题30题1.The book ____ he is reading is about history.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案：A。

本题先行词是book，物，在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词可用that 或which，但先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、the only、the very 等修饰时，只能用that，本题中无特殊情况只能用that 的限制，that 和which 都可以，习惯上book 作先行词常用that。

2.The man ____ is standing over there is my teacher.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案：C。

本题先行词是man，人，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用who。

3.The house ____ we live in is very old.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案：A。

本题先行词是house，物，在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词可用that 或which，但先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、the only、the very 等修饰时，只能用that，本题中无特殊情况只能用that 的限制，that 和which 都可以，习惯上house 作先行词常用that。

4.The girl ____ I met yesterday is very kind.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案：A。

本题先行词是girl，人，在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词可用that、who 或whom，但先行词是人且在从句中作宾语时，关系代词常用whom，但本题中that 和who 也可以，习惯上girl 作先行词常用that。

5.The movie ____ I watched last night was very interesting.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案：A。

定语从句(2014安徽卷)22．The exact year______ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.A. WhenB. whereC. whyD. which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：安吉拉与他的家人一起在中国度假的年份2008年。

定语从句的先行词是the exact year，它定语从句中作动词spent的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。

故D正确。

【语言知识】定语从句的常见用法：(2014山东卷)10. A company ______ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. why【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：一个利润主要来自国内的公司可在国外寻找机会。

定语从句的先行词是A company, 它与定语从句中作主语的名词profits之间有所有关系，所以用关系代词whose引导起定语从句。

Whose profits相当于the profits of which或of which the profits。

故B正确。

【语言知识】Decline1. (力量、体力、精力上)衰退，衰落，衰老，衰弱，减弱His health has been declining these past weeks. 过去几周里他的健康状况变得越来越坏。

2. (价格、产值、人口等)下降，减少The president said that the gross national product had declined by a big margin. 总统说国民生产总值已大幅度下降。

The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000. 员工人数已从217000人减少到114000人。

高考题目之定语从句1.【2013陕西】16. ______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A. ItB. ThatC. WhatD. As【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：正如孩子们常有的情况一样，医生到的时候Amy就好多了。

as引导的非限制性的定语从句位于主句之前，指代整个主句内容。

2.【2013重庆24】John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of_______ are family members.A them B. that C. which D. whom【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。

定语先行词为40 people，在从句中做介词of的宾语，用whom引导。

注意：介词之后不能用that，应予以排除；which 指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。

句意：约翰邀请约40人参加他的婚礼,其中大多数是家庭成员。

3.【2013辽宁34】He may win the competition, _____ he is likely to get into the national team.A. in which caseB. in that caseC. in what caseD. in whose case 【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句句。

意为：他可能赢得这场比赛，如果这样的话，就可能进入国家队。

两分句间无连词，故排除B项（不能用作连词，in this/ that case用于并列句中）。

空格处which指代前面主句，in which case引导定语从句用语替代并列句中的in this/ that case。

4.【2013福建27】 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _______ lives were affected.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。