2009年MBA联考英语真题
考研英语二
Part I Vocabulary and Structure(10%)
Direction:There are20incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.
1.The poor lady was too and distressed to talk about the tragedy.
A.engaged
B.exhausted
C.ignorant
D.energetic
2.At fist,the famous painting doesn’t impress the audience at all.
A.glance
B.gaze
C.stare
D.view
3.Delegates agree to the plan in,but there were some details they didn’t approve.
A.discipline
B.theory
C.principle
D.nature
4.I took the medicine10minutes ago,but the bitterness is still in my mouth.
A.scattering
B.felling
C.maintaining
D.lingering
5.Since the of human history,human beings have been asking questions like "What is the essence of life."
A.dusk
B.dust
C.twinkle C.Dawn
6.The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 50th wedding
anniversary of their parents.
A.Clustered
B.resembled
C.assembled
D.rendered
7.I must leave now,,if you want that book I’LL bring it you tomorrow.
A.Accidentally
B.Incidentally
C.Occasionally
D.Subsequently
8.My mother is a light sleeper,to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito.
A.alert
B.acute
C.keen
D.immune
9.The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and
workers.
A.consistent
B.conscious
C.confidential
D.conscientious
10.As an outstanding scholar,he has become to the research team.
A.senior
B.junior
C.indispensible C.independent
11.Sixteen days after the earthquake,40people,in their village,were rescued.
A.trapped
B.confined
C.enclosed
D.captured
12.Working far away from home,Jerry had to from downtown to his office everyday.
A.wander
https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,mute
C.ramble
D.motion
13.The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.
A.famous
B.favorable
C.popular
D.preferable
14.It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the govemment to behave so badly in public.
A.situation
B.position
C.profession
D.appointment
https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,rmation given to employees must be,clear and in easy-to-follow language.
A．convenient B．continuous
C．constant D．concise
16.John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.
A.sentenced
B.arrested
C.accused
D.charged
17.David likes country life and has decided farming.
A.go in for
B.go back on
C.go along with
D.go through with
18.Jennifer has never really her son’s death.It’s very hard to accept the face that she’ll never have a child.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,e to terms with
https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,e up against
https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,e out with
https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,e down to
19.A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks with paid Vacations.
A.in the way
B.by the way
C.under way
D.out of the way
20.When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind,he selects people and asks them questions.
A.at ease
B.at random
B.in essence D.in sum
In1999,the price of oil hovered around$16a barrel.By2008,it had21the$100a barrel mark.The reasons for the surge22from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread23in oil-producing regions,including Iraq and Nigeria’s delta region.Triple-digit oil prices have24the economic and political map of the world,
25some old notions of power.Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26major importers—including china
and India,home to a third of the world’s population--27rising economic and social costs.
Managing this new order is fast becoming a central28of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to29scarce supplies,and are willing to deal with any government,30how unpleasant,to do it.
In many poor nations with oil,the profits are being,lost to corruption,31 these countries of their best hope for development.And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments,32some in the west see as a new threat.
Countries like Russia,Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil33,a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies.But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits,34costs,from higher prices.Consider Germany.35it imports virtually all its oil,it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia36128percent from2001to2006.
In the United States,as already high gas prices rose37higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign,with Senators McCain and Obama38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months.And driving habits began to39,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems40the country reported a sharp increase in riders.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,e B.gone C.crossed D.arrived
22.A.covered B.discovered C.arranged D.ranged
23.A.intensity B.infinity C.insecurity D.instability
24.A.drawn B.redrawn C.retained D.reviewed
25.A.fighting B.struggling C.challenging D.threatening
26.A.and B.while C.thus D.though
27.A.confine B.conflict C.conform D.confront
28.A.problem B.question C.matter D.event
29.A.look for B.lock up C.send out D.keep off
30.A.no matter B.what if C.only if D.in spite of
31.A.abolishing B.depriving C.destroying D.eliminating
32.A.what B.that C.which D.whom
33.A.interests B.taxes C.incomes D.revenues
34.A.as many as B.as good as C.as far as D.as well as
35.A.Although B.Because C.Since D.As
36.A.advanced B.grew C.reduces D.multiplied
37.A.even B.still C.rather D.fairly
38.A.asking B.requesting C.calling D.demanding
39.A.change B.turn C.shift D.transform
40.A.for B.from C.across D.over
Part III Reading Comprehension(40%)
Direction:There are4passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.You should decide on the best choice.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.
PASSAGE1.
Henric Ibsen,author of the play"A Doll’s House",in which a pretty,helpless housewife abandons
Her husband and children to seek a more serious life,would surely have approved.. From January Ist,
2008,all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least40%of their board directors are
women.Most firms have obeyed the law,which was passed in2003.But about75out of the480or so
companies it affects are still too male for the government’s liking.They will shortly receive a letter
informing them that they have until the end of February to act,or face the legal consequences---which
could include being dissolved.
Before the law was proposed,about7%of board members in Norway were female, according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity.The number has since jumped to36%.That is far higher than the average of9%for big companies across Europe or America’s15%for the Fortune 500.Norway’s stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law,as do many businessmen."I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle,"says Sverre Munck,head of international operations at a media firm."Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,"be says.Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.
Companies have had to recruit about1,000women in four years.Many complain that it has been
Difficult to find experienced candidates.Because of this,some of the best women have collected as many as25-35directorships each,and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts".One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around15%of senior positions.It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil,technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience.
Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards,and that
In turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway,however,suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework,"says Ms Reksten Skaugen,who was voted Norway’s chairman of the year for2007,"and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."
41.The author mentions Ibsen’s play in the first paragraph in order to.
A.depict women’s dilemma at work
B.explain the newly passed law
C.support Norwegian government
D.introduce the topic under discussion
42.A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to.
A.pay a heavy fine
B.close down its business
C.change to a private business
D.sign a document promising to act
43.To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?
A.A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.
B.A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.
C.A common principle should be followed by all companies.
D.An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.
44.The author attributes the phenomenon of"golden skirts"to.
A.the small number of qualified females in management
B.the over-recruitment of female managers in public companies
C.the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positions
D.the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles
45.The main idea of the passage might be.
A.female power and liberation in Norway
B.the significance of Henric Ibsen’s play
C.women’s status in Norwegian firms
D.the constitution of board members in Norway
PASSAGE2.
While there’s never a good age to get cancer,people in their20s and30s can feel particularly isolated.The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is67.Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric(小儿科的)cancer centers,but young adults have a tough time finding peers,often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.
In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips,writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she’s discovering life.Ms.Carr was31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.
Ms.Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness.She called her parents and stocked up on organic food,determined to become a"full-time healing addict."Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book,asking if they knew other young women with cancer.The result was her own personal"cancer posse":a rock concert tour manager, a model,a fashion magazine editor,a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity,to name a few.This club of "cancer babes"offered support,advice and fashion tips,among other things.
Ms.Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary,and she has written a practical guide about how she coped.Cancer isn’t funny,but Ms.Carr often is.She swears,she makes up names for the people who treat her(Dr.Fabulous and Dr.Guru),and she even makes second sound fun("cancer road trips,"she calls them).
She leaves the medical advice to doctors,instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult."I refused to let cancer ruin my party,"she writes." There
are just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."
Ms.Carr still has cancer,but it has stopped progressing.Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed,sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you’re not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynor’s"I Will Survive"so loud you neighbors call the police.Ms.Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness."people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer,so dazzle them instead with your miracle,"she writes.
While her advice may sound superficial,it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants:the chance to live life just as she always did,and maybe better.
46.Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?
A.Children.
B.People in their20s and30s.
C.Young adults.
D.Elderly people.
47.All of the following statements are true EXCEPT_______.
A.Kris Carr is a female writer
B.Kris Carr is more than31-year-old.
C.Kris Carr works in a cancer center.
D.Kris Carr is very optimistic.
48.The phrase"cancer posse"(Line4,para.3)probably refers to________
A.a cancer research organization
B.a group of people who suffer from cancer
C.people who have recovered from cancer
D.people who cope with cancer
49.Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because________
A.she is depressed and likes swearing
B.she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctor
C.she wants to leave the medical advice to doctor
D.she tries to leave a good impression on doctor
50.From Kris Carr’s cancer tips we may infer that________
A.she learned to use e-mails after she got cancer
B.she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancer
C.hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colors
D.the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patients
PASSAGE3。
Questions51to55are based on the following passage:
Should a leader strive to be loved or feared?This question,famously posed by Machiavelli,lies at the heart of Joseph Nye’s new book.Mr.Nye,a former dean of the Kennedy School of Govemment at Harvard and one-time chairman of America’s National Intelligence Council,is best known for promoting the idea of"soft power",based on persuasion and influence,as a counterpoint to"hard power",based on coercion(强迫)and force.
Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books,Mr.Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership,in both the political and business spheres.Machiavelli,he notes,concluded that"one ought to be both feared and loved,but as it is difficult for the two to go together,it is much safer to be feared than loved."In short,hard power is preferable to soft power.But modem leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.
The context of leadership is changing,the observe,and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated.In modem companies and democracies,power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制)are being undermined,making soft power ever more important.But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion.Mr.Nye argues.Instead,he advocates a synthesis of these two views.The conclusion of The Powers to Lead,his survey of the theory of leadership,is that a combination of hard and soft power,which he calls”smart power”,is the best approach.
The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is,apparently,the “transformational leadership pattern”.Anone allergic(反感)to management term will already be running for the exit,but Mr,Nye has performed a valuable service in rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadcriship into a single,slim volume.He examines different approaches to leadership,the morality of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effcctiveness of a particular leader.There are plcnty of anccdotes and examples,both historical and contemporary,political and corporate.
Alsa,leadership is a slippery subject,and as he depicts various theories,even Mr.Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall.He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadershipin particular,the question of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie-and he provides a helpful12-point summary of his conclusions.A recuming theme is that as circumstances change,different sorts of leadcrs are required;a leader who thrives in one environment may struggle in another,and vice versa.Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadcrship offers no casy answers.
51.From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr.Machiavelli’s idea of hard power is______.
A.well accepted by Joseph Nye
B.very influential till nowadays
C.based on sound theories
D.contrary to that of modem leadership theorists
52.Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to Mr.Nye?
A.Coercion is widespread.
B.Morality is devalued.
C.Power is no longer concentrated.
D.Traditional hierarchies are strengthened
53.In his book the Powers to lead,Mr.Nye has exmined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.
A.authority
B.context
C.approaches
D.morality
54.Mr.Nye’s book is particularly valuable in that it_____.
A.makes little use of management terms
B.summarizes various studies concisely
C.serves as an exit for leadership researchers
D.sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders
55.According to the author,the most interesting part of Mr.Nye’s book lies in his_____.
A.view of changeable leadership
B.definition of good leadership
C.summary of leadership history
D.discussion of moral leadership
PASSAGE4
Questions56to60are based on the following passage:
Americans don’t like to lose wars.Of course,a lot depends on how you define just what a war is.There are shooting wars-the kind that test patriotism and courage-and those are the kind at which the U.S excels.But other struggles test those qualities too.What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the construction of the railroads?If American indulge in a bit of flag—when the job is done,they earned it.
Now there is a similar challenge.Global warming.The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this very planet is becoming a war of the first order,and by any measure,the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the world’s greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn’t intend to do a whole lot about it.Although174nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to reduce carbon levels,the U.S.walked away from them.There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen.But for a country that tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values,the U.S.is taking a pass on what might be the most patriotic struggle of all.It’s hard to imagine a bigger fight than one for the survival of a country’s coasts and farms,the health of its people and stability of its economy.
The rub is,if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency,there’s far less agreement on how to fix it.Industry offers its pans,which too often would fix little.Environmentalists offer theirs,which too often amount to native wish lists that could weaken American’s growth.But let’s assume that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will always demand that their voices be heard and that their needs
be addressed.What would an aggressive,ambitious,effective plan look like-one that would leave the U.S.both environmentally safe and economically sound?
Halting climate change will be far harder.One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem calls for a reduction of25billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52year.And yet by devising a consistent strategy that mixes and blends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition,the U.S.can,without major damage to the economy,help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future generations.Money will do some of the work,but what’s needed most is will."I’m not saying the challenge isn’t almost overwhelming,"says Fred Krupp."But this is America,and America has risen to these challenges before."
56.What does the passage mainly discuss?
A.Human wars.
B.Economic crisis.
C.America’s environmental policies.
D.Global environment in general.
57.From the last sentence of paragraph2we may learn that the survival of a country’s coasts and farms,the health of its people and the stability of its economy is__________.
A.of utmost importance
B.a fight no one can win
C.beyond people’s imagination
D.a less significant issue
58.Judging from the context,the word"rub"(Line1,Para.3)probably means_______.
A.friction
B.contradiction
C.conflict
D.problem
59.What is the author’s attitude toward America’s policies on global warming?
A.Critical
B.Indifferent
C.Supportive
https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,promising
60.The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal with___________.
A.the new book written by Fred Krupp
B.how America can fight against global warming
C.the harmful effects of global warming
D.how America can tide over economic crisis
翻译：
With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff.The compensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.
Bankers’excessive risk-taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued,to others in the past,in this case,it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.
Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.
Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road,in hopes averting the next crisis,which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets.But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term profits and revenue’s,and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risks.
Part V Writing(20%)
Direction:In this section,you are asked to write an essay based on the following information.Make comments and express your own opinion.You should write at least150words on Answer Sheet2.
At present,there is no doubt that short message plays an increasingly important role in our lives.We are all aware that,like everything else,short message have both favorable and unfavorable aspects.
Generally speaking,the advantages can be listed as follows.First of all,in festivals,we can send short messages to wish good luck to other people we know.It brings us a lot of convenience.In addition,short message connects its users with the outside world.For example, some people subscribe weather forecast or news short messages,with them,people’s life will be greatly enriched.
But it is pity that every coin has two sides.The disadvantages of short message can’t be ignored.We spend too much time on spelling our words and sending short messages that we can’t focus on our studies.Also,you will always be annoyed by strangers’short messages one after another.
As is known to all,short message is neither good nor bad itself.In my opinion,we can use it.But we shouldn’t spend too much time on it and don’t let it disturb us from our lives.
2009MBA联考英语试（考研英语二）卷参考答案
Section I Vocabulary and Structure
1-5BACDD6-10CBAAC11-15BBABD16-20DBACB Section II Cloze
21-25CDDBC26-30BDDBA31-35BACDA36-40DBCAC
Section III Reading Comprehension
41-45BBAAC46-50CCBCC51-55DCABD56-60CAAAC
Section IV Translation(参考译文)
由于国家金融体制处于危机边缘动荡,一些大银行和金融机构中的高级管理人员的补偿金计划就受到密切关注.
银行家们过度冒险是金融危机的至关重要原因,在历史上也有类似情况.在这种情况下,一般是由低息引起并造成持续的错觉,其实是一种债务泡沫经济.
抵押贷款人很乐意把大量资金借给无力偿还的人,就把贷款瓜分了,并沿这样的链条出售给下一个金融机构,这些做法都在利用高科技证券业,结果,却增加了抵押资产的风险.
金融条例必须能应付这种能使银行下滑的,最不负责任的做法,以期扭转下一个危机,而这下一个危机很可能包括有各种类型的技术和资产.但值得审视补偿金计划的根本问题,因为那是眼前利益,但却让银行家们不负责任的甘冒风险.
Section V Writing
Part A
Directions：
Suppose you are a freshman.Write a letter to the library in your university,making suggestions for improving its service.
You should write about100words on ANSWER SHEET2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,e“Zhang Wei”instead.
Do not write the address.(10points)
审题谋篇
建议信的写作目的都是为了解决问题，即写信人就某事提出看法、建议或忠告，诸如旅游计划、条件改善、环境治理、管理提高等。建议信语言一定要委婉、礼貌，顾及他人感情。在提出缺点之前，最好先肯定其优点。通常，建议信遵循以下三步：自我介绍、说明目的→委婉地提出建议、改进措施或忠告→礼貌地总结或期盼回复。考生要严格注意，建议信和投诉信的区别，切勿一味的指责和抱怨，重点是根据问题，提出建设性的改进措施。本题考查的是就大学图书馆的服务提出改进措施。本题的题干要求相对前几年的比较简练，考生的可发挥空间很大，同时，这是考生熟悉的话题，写起来更是有话可写。
首先，根据题干要求明确写作对象，语域和结尾礼词。本文的写作对象是学校图书馆，但是题干没明确该人的称呼，甚至性别，所以只能使用To Whom It May Concern，或是Dear Sir/Madam.
本文是一篇写给校方的一封建议信，属于公务信函，写作过程中应使用正式语体，应避免出现省略语和缩略语。
结尾礼词可以使用Yours sincerely/Sincerely yours,署名要严格遵守题目要求，使用Zhang Wei.
其次，根据题目规定的话题，构思作文。此处通常是考生犯下致命错误的地方：漏掉题目要求的要点，这样的错误在阅卷过程中是要严重。本题题目要求making suggestions for improving its service考生需要注意题干要求的是多条建议（suggestions）。
参考范文
Dear Sir or Madam,
As a freshman in our university,I do appreciate the valuable service provided in the library where I spend most of my spare time.To further improve the studying conditions there,I would like to put forward some practical suggestions.
Firstly,there is an urgent need for more powerful computers which would greatly facilitate our information search and learning.Secondly,the library should purchase more books published recently,for the outdated materials are of little value to students'study and https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,stly,as we wish to borrow books on Saturdays as well, I wonder if it is possible to adjust the opening time.
I will be more than happy to see improvements in these regards.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
范文分析：
本次考察建议信的书写，给学校图书馆的服务提出一些建议。本文首先格式正确。正文方面，作者开篇欲抑先扬，在提出建议之前，首先肯定了图书馆的作用对于学生的价值，能够很好的实现交际目的（communicative purpose）。接着第二段使用三个连接副词：firstly,secondly,Lastly，使建议内容清晰连贯，错落有致。建议具体内容的设想也都非常合乎情理。最后，表达建议被采纳的期望，再次突出写作目的，紧扣主题。
译文：
亲爱的先生或女士：
作为本校的一名大一学生，我很感谢图书馆为我们提供的很多有价值的服务，因为我的业务时间几乎都是在那里度过的。为了进一步提升图书馆的学习环境，我很愿意就此提出一些实用的建议。
首先，那里急需引进一批运行速度快一点的电脑，这将会促进信息搜索和学习。其次，图书馆应该为我们买一些出版年代新一点的图书，因为对于学生的学习和研究，一些年代久远的材料已经没有太大价值。最后，我们希望周六也能够借书，我很想知道图书馆是否能够调整一下开放时间。
如果图书馆对这方面有所改进，我将会非常感激。
真诚的学生,
张蔚
Part B
Directions:it is known that text message(手机短信）has both advantages and disadvantages.Some people think it is a blessing,while others regard it as a hell.In this section,you are asked to write an essay based on the following information.Make comments and express your own opinion.You should write at least150words on Answer Sheet2.
审题谋篇：
MBA联考英语试卷是考研英语二试卷的前身，就写作部分来讲，MBA联考主要有图表和话题作文两个形式。话题作文，06-07年考查图表作文。MBA联考英语试卷08-09年三年考察话题作文，这和英语二2010到2012年的趋势不大相符，但是也提醒考生，话题作文在英语二中也是有可能考察到的。
2018年考研英语二真题及答案解析 Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3. In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twe nty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock th em clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect wit h other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and pho tographs of disgusting insects. The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the ba sic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can back fire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a f inal experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would
2018年英语二真题text2单词汇总 while 当...时候，然而，虽然，尽管 fossil 化石 fuel 燃料 coal 煤，木炭 oil 石油 gas 汽油 roughly 粗糙地，粗略地rough 粗糙的，粗略的percent 百分比percentage 百分比 energy 能量，精力 supply 供给，提供 clear 清楚的，清晰地 than ever 比以前 belong to 属于 renewable 可再生的 source 来源，资源 solar 太阳的 move 移动，行动 pick up 捡起，学会，获得，加速 momentum 势头 around the world 世界各地，全世界 account for 占（比例），对...负责，对...做出解释 online 在线的 growth 增长，发展，种植 stem 起源于，阻止stem from 源自 commitment 承诺，保证 government 政府 Farsighted 有远见的 fund 基金，资金，投资，资助 cleaner energy sources 清洁能源 increasingly 逐渐增加的 the price of ...的价格 plummet （数量、比率、价格）暴跌 especially 特殊的，特别的 panel 仪表盘，专项小组 drop 下降drop by 80 percent 下降百分之八十the cost of ...的花费 turbine 涡轮机 close to 接近 part of 部分的，一部分 principal 主要的，最重要的，资本的 provide 提供 electricity 电力 power 权力，能力，能量，为...提供动力
2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷 I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork. A. persuade B .pursue C. persist 2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions. A. obligation 3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag. B .for 4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media. 5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along. realized I realize did realize I 6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer. 7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year. A .importance B. attention 8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes. A. that 9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone. through in for after over on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is. out out out out II. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 People in all parts of the world are observing "No Tobacco Day". It is the day 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) appeals to people to stop using tobacco products. WHO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or 12 tobacco for one day, they will stop permanently. Health experts have warned for years that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other 13 ．WHO says diseases linked to smoking kill 14 2,500,000 persons each year. Still, many people find it 15 stopping smoking. One reason is nicotine, a substance found in cigarettes. Nicotine is a drug. Its effects are 16 those of cocaine and heroin. "No Tobacco Day" is intended for smokers and 17 who earn money from tobacco sales. So businesses are urged to stop selling tobacco products for twenty-four hours. 18 are urged not to carry advertisements for cigarettes. WHO has approved plans to help reach its 19 of a "smoke-free" world. They urge governments to take action to help 20 make money by growing other crops. They also call for improved public information campaigns about the risks of smoking. 11. A. whether B. which C. when D. what
考研英语二真题及答案 解析完整版 集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]
英语二真题： Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who（ 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the （2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who（ 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the （ 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,（5) an average guy ,up（ 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation （7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article（ 8) to soldiers .And Joe A common name for a guy who never （9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has（ 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives. 1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither
MBA考研英语历年真题高频核心词汇300 考研英语真题高频单词核心词汇300个，在复习备考中尤其需要注意，可以更好地把握考研英语的学习方向，希望对各位有所帮助! 1.process n.过程;工序;做事方法;工艺流程; vt.处理;加工;审阅;审核; vi.列队行进; [例句]There was total agreement to start the peace process as soon as possible. 全体一致同意尽快开始和平进程。 2.growth n.生长;增长;一茬植株;肿块，肿瘤; [例句]A steady growth in the popularity of two smaller parties may upset the polls. 两个较小政党的支持率稳步上升，可能会打乱投票结果。 3.technology n.科技(总称);工业技术;工艺学;[总称]术语; [例句]Technology is changing fast. 科技日新月异。 4.theory n.理论;原理;学说;推测; [例句]Marx produced a new theory about historical change based upon conflict between competing groups. 马克思创立了一种新理论，认为历史的演变是基于对立集团之间的冲突之上的。 5.economy n.经济;节约;理财;秩序; [例句]Zimbabwe boasts Africa's most industrialised economy. 津巴布韦是非洲工业化程度最高的经济体。 6.behavior n.行为;态度;(机器等的)运转状态;(事物的)反应; [例句]His behavior was called provocative and antisocial. 他的行为被认为是煽动性的和反社会的。 7.account n.账，账目;存款;记述，报告;理由; vi.解释;导致;报账; vt.认为;把…视作;
山东省2006年7月高等教育自学考试 英语（二）试卷【14学分】 （课程代码：0015 考试时间：150分钟） PART ONE (50 POINTS) I. V ocabulary and Structure (10points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母填在题号后括号内。 1. Kate is a good student, . A. her math probems are always rewritten to ensure clearnness B. her math problems are always rewriting to ensure cleanness C. her math problems always rewritten to ensure cleanness D. her math problems always rewriting to ensure cleanness 2. you are to accept these facts, you’ll be. A. The better able… the less angry B. The best able… the least angry C. Better able… less angry D. Best able… least angry 3.To stay there wating was they could only do. A. how B. what C. / D. that 4. Not only rising, but unemployment was on the increase. A. the inflation rate was B. was the inflation rate C. the inflation rate is D. is the inflation rate 5. The working conditions in this factory are so terrible that the workers can no longer them. A. come up with B. put up with C. take on with D. put on with 6. When attending a formal dinner, you should look your to show your respect others. A. good … for B. best … for C. good … to D. best … to 7. He me two yuan for repairing the bicycle. A. charged B. spent C. took D. cost 8. At last, justice has and the guilty man has been punished. A. prevailed B. delivered C. endured D. faded 9. He is a(n) teacher and can teach almost all the courses of the courses of the English Department. A. stern B. potential C.objective D. versatile 10.These figures are not with the results obtained in previous experiments. A. conservative B. considerate C. consistent D. constant II. Cloze Test (10points, 1 point for each item) 下面短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母填在题号后括号内。 In the United States, a university 11 from a college, but they share similarities at the same time. A university is 12 larger than a college, and a university program for undergraduates usually 13 four years. College students usually 14 four years in school, too. In this way, a university and a college are 15 . A college, 16 , usually has only one or two kinds of programs. A college does not have graduate or
00015英语二试题及答案 发布日期：2016-01-04 10:09 来源：未知阅读：6927 【字体：大中小】 本套单元测试共10 题，共100 分。答题得分：100 分 【题型：单选】【分数：10分】 [1]I should like to rent a house,modern,comfortable and ___ in a qiuet environment. 得 分： 10分 答：D A before all B first of all C after all D above all 【题型：单选】【分数：10分】 [2]His few personal belongings make it possible for him to move from place to place __ _. 得 分： 10分 答：C A in ease B at ease C with ease D with easiness 【题型：单选】【分数：10分】 [3]Could you lend me some money? I'm very ______of cash at the moment.得 分： 10分 答：B A need B short C scarce D empty 【题型：单选】【分数：10分】 [4]It ______ exactly thirty years since I graduated from college. 得 分： 10分 答：B A was B has been C will be D had been
【题型：单选】【分数：10分】 [5]He was completely ______ by her tale of hardship. 得 10分 分： 答：B A taken away B taken in C taking away D taken up 【题型：单选】【分数：10分】 [6]The team doctor insisted that the route _____ because of the possible danger. 得 10分 分： 答：C A could be changed B would be changed C be changed D might be changed 【题型：单选】【分数：10分】 [7]Problems can _____ when people have no knowledge of the law. 得 10分 分： 答：C A rise B jump C arise D lift 【题型：单选】【分数：10分】 [8]The _____ lady is believed to be the thief wanted by the police. 得 10分 分： 答：A A beautifully dressed B dressed beautifully C beautiful dressing D beautiful dress 【题型：单选】【分数：10分】 [9]The manager did not offer him the job because of his untidy _____.
MBA联考英语二历年真题出现10次以上单词汇总 词汇是英语考试的基石，研究过MBA联考历年真题的同学可能会发现，有些词汇会频繁出现在真题中，所以我们必须熟练掌握。今天友课教育给大家汇总了MBA联考英语历年真题出现10次以上的单词。 26次 1.convenience[k?n?vi:nj?ns] n.①(U)方便，便利；②(pl.)便利设备 2.technology[tek?n?l?d?i] n.工艺，技术 [辨析]technology,technique ①technology构词类同biology(生物学)，是“技术、工艺”在学术理论上的总称：science and technology(科学与技术) ②technique(technic)常指某种具体的技术、技艺：the technique of automation(自动化技术) A technologist is a specialist in technology,while a technician is an expert in techniques of a particular art,etc. 25次 3.corporate adj.公司的；团体的，全体的；法人的 4.electronic[i?lek?tr?nik] a.电子的 5.intelligence[in?telid??ns] n.(U)①智力，聪明;灵性，理解能力②情报，报导，消息③理解力 [辨析]information,intelligence
①information是强调提供给别人的情报、消息、资料 ②intelligence不一定要传给别人。美国的“中央情报局”是the Central Intelligence Agency of the U.S. 6.state[steit] n.①状态，情况[同]condition②(C)国③(C)州vt.陈述，说明[同]relate,express [辨析]country,nation,state ①country侧指“疆土” ②nation侧指“人民” ③state侧指“政权、政体” 24次 7.executive[ig?zekjutiv] a.执行的，实施的 n.(C)总经理，董事，行政负责人 8.financial[fai?n?n??l] a.财政的，金融的 9.access[??kses] n.①(U)(to)接近，进入 ②(U,C)通道，入口[同]entry,entrance ③(U)接近(或进入)的方法[短语]have/gain access to可以获得(或接近)… 10.privacy[?praiv?si][private的名词] n.(U)①隐居②私事，隐私[反]publicity 11.sense[sens] vt.觉得，意识到
2019年10月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二）试卷（课程代码：00015） 本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1?10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease，therefore，allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in(以新旧换)value if you want to upgrade to a new car later. Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over . Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage(里程) fees. In addition, when you lease ,you have to pay for regular maintenance and repairs to the vehicle. Since you must return the car finally, you are paying to repair someone else's car.
一．考研阅读的基本解题思路：（四步走） 第一，扫描提干，划关键项。 第二，通读全文，抓住中心。 1.通读全文，抓两个重点： ①首段（中心句、核心概念常在第一段，常在首段出题）； ②其他各段的段首和段尾句。（其他部分略读，有重点的读） 2.抓住中心，用一分半时间思考3个问题： ①文章叙述的主要内容是什么？ ②文章中有无提到核心概念？ ③作者的大致态度是什么？ 第三，仔细审题，返回原文。（仔细看题干，把每道题和原文的某处建立联系，挂起钩）定位原则： ①通常是由题干出发，使用寻找关键词定位原则。（关键词：大写字母、地名、时间、数字等） ②自然段定位原则。出题的顺序与行文的顺序是基本一致的，一般每段对应一题。 ★要树立定位意识，每一题、每一选项都要回到原文中某一处定位。 第四，重叠选项，得出答案。（重叠原文=对照原文） 1. 通过题干返回原文：判断四个选项，抓住选项中的关键词，把选项定位到原文的某处比较，重叠选项，选出答案。 2.作题练习要求：要有选一个答案的理由和其余三个不选的理由（高中的时候大家都这样做的） 二．阅读理解的解题技巧 1.例证题： ①例证题的标记。当题干中出现example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify 时。 ②返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。 ③搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。 注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题？不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。 ④找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。 ⑤例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。 要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪开始到哪结束。 2.指代题： ①返回原文，找出出题的指代词。 ②向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子（先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远）。 ③将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。 ④将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。 3. 词汇题：“搜索代入”法
2011年研究生入学考试英语二真题 Section I Use of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) "The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that has 1 across the Web. Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ? Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyberczar, offered the Obama government a 4 to make the We b a safer place — a “voluntary identify” system that would be the high-tech5of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled6one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential7 to a specifi c computer, an d would authenticat e users at a range o f online services. The idea is to8 a federation of private online identify systems. Users could9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license10 by the government. Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on”systems that make it possible for users to11 just once but use many different services. 12 , the approach would create a “walled garden” in safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of13 community. Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with14 ,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs15 .'" Still, the administration’s plan has16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would17 be a license” mentality. The plan has also been greeted with18 by some experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem”would still leave much of the Internet19 .They argue that should be20 to register and identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 1． A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2． A.for B.within C.while D.though 3． A.careless https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,wless C.pointless D.helpless 4． A.reason B.reminder https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc1982202.html,promise D.proposal
考研翻译冲刺必背单词 说明：这是08年整理的，今天有增加了09到14年部分。所以可能大家会 发现09年到14年单词很少，原因是大部分单词都在早期08年到94年的单 词里出现过。这一点也足以说明真题单词的重复率很大。大家务必背诵，确 保记得。一进考场，你就会看到很多熟悉的单词。 14年 46) articulate 清晰的表达， 47) by all accounts根据、根据报道；by one’s own account根据某人自己所说，let alone更别提， 48) intensity紧张，abruptly突然地，sudden突然，soft柔和的，passage 段落，rarely很少、几乎不，composer作曲家，compose作曲、编写, 49) associate联系， 50) suffer遭受, inevitable不可避免, render转换、使变成； 13年 46) strike打、震撼，for all尽管，style风格，urge需求、督促、鼓励，decoration 装饰， 47) sacred神圣的，crude原始、粗糙，asopposed to与相反，shelter避难所， 48) in effect实际上，urban城市，discernible容易看出的，discern看出、识别， 49) blame批评， 50) implicit隐含的，explicit明确的，reference谈到、提及、参考，synthetic 人造的； 12年 46) impulse冲动，unification统一、一致， generative生产的、生成的，generate产生， 47) constrain力劝、强迫、限制，constraint限制， 48) filter过滤, cognitive认知的， 49) empirical实证的、根据经验得到的, bias偏见， 50) track跟踪； 11年 46) erroneous错误的，error错误， 47) sustain支持、维持，illusion幻觉，conscious有意识的， 48) justification合理，借口，justify证明是公正的，rationalization合理，exploitation剥削、开发, bottom底， 49) circumstance环境， 50) upside积极的、正面的，contain包含，be up to取决于，array展示、陈列、一系列；