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最新初中英语中考英语阅读理解易错题精选经典

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1．阅读理解

Denies Walme in Texas, USA, now 14 years old, published his best-seller Unbending Gisula eight years ago. The book is about a little whale named Gisul.

One day, Gisula did not take his mother's words and went up the beach. Then he got lost and had to learn to live by himself. The colour pictures were drawn by Denies himself. Denies published the books at the age of six He is said to be the youngest writer and picture artist.

Another surprising thing about the book is that it became a best seller immediately after it was published and brought him a lot of money. Because he spent much time writing the books, his study was not very good and he had to learn the year's work again but his gift of writing is highly praised by the teachers and student. And he was even invited to give talks on writing.

But Denies does not want to be a writer. He said, 'I like planes most. I dream of becoming a pilot someday.'

（1）From the story we can learn that Denies__________.

A. published his Unbending Gisula at the age of 14

B. wants to be a writer when he grows up

C. drew the pictures for his own book

D. does not go to school anymore

（2）What Denies liked most is________.

A. writing stories

B. drawing pictures

C. whales

D. planes （3）When did Denies publish the books?

A. At the age of six

B. At the age of eight

C. At the age of sixteen

D. I don't know.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍作者丹尼斯个人的一些基本情况以及他的最畅销的书，他虽然学习怎么好，但是他善于写作，他梦想将来能成为一名飞行员，他的书主要介绍一只小鲸鱼，有一天小鲸鱼Gisula不听妈妈的话，爬上了海滩。然后迷路不得不独自生活的故事。

（1）细节题。根据The colour pictures were drawn by Denies himself.可知，通过这个故事我们知道丹尼斯为自己的书画画，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据I like planes most.可知，丹尼斯最喜欢飞机，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据now 14 years old, published his best-seller Unbending Gisula eight years ago. 丹尼斯现在14岁，他的最畅销的书是8年前出版的，可知，他那是才6岁，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案。

2．阅读理解

I'm writing this article in China, far away from my home in the United States. You might wonder what I do to remember my mom on Mother's Day. Well, l certainly call her to say "Happy

Mother's Day" and promise that I will visit home soon.

I still remember the first time I forget Mother's Day. When I finally figured it out, I asked, "Why does mom get a special holiday? Why isn't there a Children's Day for us?

My mom explained, in that way that only moms seem to be able in explain, "Because every day is Children's Day!"

I knew that I had messed up. I thought about all the time and love my mom had given me. I thought about the food she had made, the toys she had brought and the long hours she had spent with me. There might not be a perfect mom, but there is mom's love, which can fix anything. After that day, for 364 days, I was looking forward to the next Mother's Day.

That was the first year l forgot Mother's Day. It was also the last year I forgot.

Are you struggling to consider what to do for your mom on Mother's Day?

Common things are to write a message that thanks for the love she has given you, send her a card or buy her a gift. But the most important thing is -DON'T FORGET!

（1）How does the writer celebrate Mother's Day this year?

A. He calls his mom.

B. He send his mom a card.

C. He visits home to see his mom.

（2）What might the underlined phrase "figure out" means?

A. 弄清楚

B. 预料到

C. 归纳出

（3）Why did the writer begin to expect Mother's Day?

A. Because he missed his mom far in the United States.

B. Because he wanted to spend more time with his mom.

C. Because he realized he had got much care from his mom.

（4）What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To explain why there isn't a Children's Day

B. To advise us not to forget to keep our own promises.

C. To remind us to remember the love mom has given us.

（5）Which is the best title for the passage?

A. An Interesting Talk

B. An Important Day

C. An Expensive Gift

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者理解了为什么过母亲节，提醒大家要给妈妈过母亲节。（1）细节题。根据 l certainly call her to say "Happy Mother's Day 可知，作者今年给妈妈打电话庆祝母亲节，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。根据 I asked, "Why does mom get a special holiday? Why isn't there a Children's Day for us我问，“为什么妈妈有一个特别的假期？为什么我们没有儿童节可知问问题是为了弄明白道理， figure out是弄清楚的意思，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据I thought about all the time and love my mom had given me. I thought about the food she had made, the toys she had brought and the long hours she had spent with

me. There might not be a perfect mom, but there is mom's love, which can fix anything 我一直想着妈妈给我的爱。我想起了她做的食物，她带来的玩具和她和我一起度过的漫长时光可知，作者开始期待母亲节是因为他意识到他得到了妈妈的照顾，故选C。

（4）推理题。根据thanks for the love she has given you, send her a card or buy her a gift. But the most important thing is -DON'T FORGET感谢她给你的爱，给她寄一张卡片或者给她买一份礼物。但最重要的是-别忘了可知，这篇文章的目的是提醒我们记住妈妈给我们的爱，故选C。

（5）主旨题。根据本文讲述了作者理解了为什么过母亲节，提醒大家要给妈妈过母亲节可知 An Important Day是合适的标题，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

When you're not at home, many worries may start to crowd your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off? Did I lock the door? Are the kids doing their homework or watching television? With a smart home, you can quiet all of these worries.

A smart home is a home with a communication network. This network connects devices （装置）,such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet.

More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. It can help keep your room at a certain temperature. It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone. When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary. Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink. They can even feed the cat and water the plants.

Besides, smart homes are easy to fix. Most smart home technology and devices are wireless and can be set up with a minimum of tools, using only the guiding information. When a problem appears, you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional.

However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be rather expensive to own the technology and the devices. Also, because the smart home system（系统）allow its owner to get home information from anywhere, it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers（黑客）,who may secretly use or change the information in the system.

Now, many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology. Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your refrigerator. While there are others who worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier. Whatever it is, one thing is for sure---smart home technology will change the way

we live and work.

（1）According to the passage, nowadays a smart home can lock the door through .

A. electric lights

B. mirror technologies

C. mobile phones

D. shopping programs （2）The third paragraph of the passage is mainly about .

A. the steps to use smart systems

B. the prices of smart programs

C. the advantages of a smart home

D. the tools for setting up smart devices

（3）Which of the following is TRUE about a smart home according to the passage?

A. Smart homes can't help feed pets nowadays.

B. Smart homes costs a lot of money at present.

C. You can't control your smart home in other countries.

D. It's hard for hackers to get information from smart homes.

（4）What's the writer's opinion according to the passage?

A. People will become less happy in the future.

B. People's life style will be different in the future.

C. Mobile phones are the most important in smart homes.

D. Smart homes are much better than other smart systems.

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了智能家居的基本功能和新型理念，作者认为智能家居技术将对我们的生活和工作方式带来变革。

（1）推理判断。根据第二段allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet.可知智能仪器可以通过电线，手机，无线网络等控制。electric lights电子光线；mirror technologies镜像技术；mobile phones移动电话；shopping programs购物程序。故选C。

（2）段落大意。根据第三段第一句More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. 可知越来越多的人开始考虑拥有一个智能家庭，因为它给生活带来极大的方便，结合下文可知都是在谈论智能家庭的优点。故选C。

（3）细节理解。根据They can even feed the cat and water the plants可知A错误；根据第四段 It can be rather expensive to own the technology and the devices. 可知B正确；根据第三段When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary.可知C错误；根据第四段 it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers（黑客）,可知D错误。故选B。

（4）观点态度。根据最后一句话Whatever it is, one thing is for sure---smart home technology will change the way we live and work. 可知智能家庭技术会改变我们生活和工作的方式。故选B。

【点评】读说明文时首先确定文章的中心句，通常在句首，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。

4．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

If music makes you smarter and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a clever person.

A team of scientists from Ohio State University did experiments on 33 volunteers who were getting better from heart disease after operations. They found those volunteers who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi's The Four Seasons did much better on language ability tests than without music. It is also used in medical fields for patients who have had head hurts because of its moderate tempo （舒缓的节拍）.

“Exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nerve （神经） system and these changes may improve the learning ability of peopl e with heart disease,” said the psychologist Charles Emery, who led the study. “And listening to music is thought to enhance understanding. We just wanted to put the two results together,” he added.

The volunteers said they felt better emotionally and physically after exercising with or without music. But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to music during exercise. Scientists have proved that music can be good for health and education. It helps reduce stress and sadness, encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body and improve memory and thoughts.

Scientists have been studying the results of exercise to music on learning and understanding since the early 1950s. A study showed that students who listened to Mozart's violin pieces and exercised went on to get higher marks in an IQ test. With important exams drawing near, your parents will not probably allow you to listen to music or play sports. But perhaps now you have good reasons to argue with them.

（1）What does the underlined word enhance mean?

A. produce

B. provide

C. improve

D. impress

（2）From the last paragraph we can learn that .

A. you should follow your parents' words

B. you have some good reasons to join in an IQ test

C. good marks depend on listening to music and excising

D. exercise to music might help you get higher grades in tests

（3）Which of the following statements is true?

A. Music helps volunteers get better from heart disease.

B. Exercise is used for people with head hurts.

C. Exercise causes no changes in health without music.

D. Music can help you relax and feel energetic.

（4）What might be the best title of the passage?

A. Exercise to Music

B. Music and study

C. Importance of Music

D. Studies on Exercise

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了多听音乐可以提高我们的学习能力，可以让我们更健康，有聪明，说明了音乐的重要作用。

（1）词义猜测。根据本段第一句“Facts suggest that exercise improves the learning ability of people with heart disease,”说明音乐可以提高那些患病的人的学习能力，说明And listening to music is thought to enhance understanding.中的enhance是指提高，增强的意思。produce 生产；provide提供；improve提高；impress给……留下印象。故C正确。

（2）细节理解。根据文章倒数3,4行A study showed students who listened to Mozart went on to score higher marks in an intelligence test.说明多听音乐可能让人在智力测试中得到高分，说明D项正确。

（3）细节理解。根据倒数第二段Scientists have proved that music can be good for health and education. It helps reduce stress and sadness, encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body and improve memory and thoughts可知音乐可以减少压力，让人放松，唤醒身体，提高记忆等，故选D。

（4）主旨大意。本文第一句If music makes you smarter and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a clever person是文章的中心句，下文都是围绕第一句进行阐述，故选A。

【点评】本文主要讲述的是音乐的重要作用，需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心。要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力，根据上下文中出现的同义词，近义词，反义词，以及词义的解释来理解生词。同时要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影响。要根据题目及选项以及文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理。

5．阅读理解

This year the US will honour（纪念）one of the country's most famous writers-Mark Twain （1835-1910）.Most readers know that his real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens, but how many know where the pen name "Mark Twain" came from?

The answer shows Clemens' colourful early life before he became a writer. "Mark Twain" was the cry shouted on a ship when the ship entered a part of a river that was two fathoms（6 feet）deep. "Twain" is an old-fashioned way of saying "two". Twain trained as a ship pilot on the Mississippi river for two years, a time that he wrote about in the humorous Life on the Mississippi （1883）.

The famous river would become an important theme in many of his works-who could forget the journey of Huck and Jim along it in his most famous book, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn（1884）.

With little education, he had to teach himself how to write stories. Whenever possible, he would go to public libraries. There he spent much time reading and thinking, which greatly helped him with his writing.

On the other hand, his life experiences gave him wonderful material to write about and attract readers. Twain wrote in a style that has been called "local colour" because it shows great knowledge of local people and their customs.

The gift is very clear in the two books for which Twain is still celebrated today: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer（1876）and its follow-up The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which many people call "The Great American Novel".

The most amazing invention in his book is the voice of Huck himself. Huck did not enjoy schooling. It shows in the way he uses language, in a spoken style. Only a master like Twain could copy the way a young southern boy talked so well.

（1）What does the underlined word "gift" mean in the passage?

A. Twain's talent for self-teaching.

B. Twain's "local colour" writing style.

C. Twain's good sense of humour.

D. Twain's experiences as a ship pilot.

（2）According to the passage, what is the best part of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn?

A. The deep social meaning.

B. The exciting life experiences.

C. The special way that Huck talks.

D. The nice view of the Mississippi.

（3）Which is the most suitable place in the passage for the sentence, "Twain did not come from the writer's background you might expect."?

A. At the beginning of Paragraph 2.

B. At the beginning of Paragraph 3.

C. At the beginning of Paragraph 4.

D. At the beginning of Paragraph 5.

（4）What is the passage mainly about？

A. Mark Twain's career as a great writer.

B. Mark Twain's interest in describing local life.

C. Mark Twain's achievements in American literature field.

D. Mark Twain's life experiences which influenced his writing.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了著名的作家之一——马克吐温的笔名的来历及他的生活经历给了他写作的极好的素材。

（1）推断题。根据Twain wrote in a style that has been called "local colour" because it shows great knowledge of local people and their customs.可知吐温以一种被称为“地方色彩”的风格写作，因为它显示了对当地人及其风俗习惯的深刻了解，所以gift指的是吐温的被称为“地方色彩”的风格写作，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据The most amazing invention in his book is the voice of Huck himself.他书中最惊人的发明是哈克自己的声音，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据With little education, he had to teach himself how to write stories.可知马克吐温学历低，并不是来自你期望的作家背景，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了著名的作家之一——马克吐温的笔名的来历及他的生活经历给了他写作的极好的素材。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解

Almost every Chinese can recite the famous poem, "Every grain on the plate comes from hard work（谁知盘中餐, 粒粒皆辛苦）."But sadly, many of us don't actually get the real meaning of these lines：Don't waste food.

A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.

Do we have too much food? No, according to the UN World Food Programme, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.

Chinese people are well-known for being generous. Many even feel that they will lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table.

Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. In November, 2011, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, became famous because she took some leftover（剩余的）food home for her son. Many people stood by her side and agreed that it was not right to waste food.

What should we do in our daily lives to save food? Here are some tips：

Do not order too much in a restaurant. Only order what you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.

Don't be too picky（挑剔的）about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it.

Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, especially vegetables and fruit.

（1）According to News One Plus One, Chinese people .

A. save enough food to feed 200 million people for a year

B. throw away lots of food every year

C. get enough food to feed millions of people every year

D. have to feed 200 million hungry people every year

（2）In the third paragraph, we know that .

A. we have too much food to feed people in the world

B. there were 925 million people in developing countries

C. because of hunger, 6 million children die every year

D. there are only a few people getting hungry every year

（3）From the fourth and fifth paragraphs, we can conclude（得出结论）that .

A. all Chinese people are generous

B. Chinese people always waste food

C. Li Hong became famous because she wasted food

D. everyone should get into the habit of saving food

（4）What's the main topic of the passage?

A. Don't waste food.

B. Many people die of hunger.

C. Don't be picky about food.

D. Eat all the food you order.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了许多人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日常生活中节约食物的方式。

（1）细节题。根据A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.可知央视节目《新闻一加一》报道说，中国人每年扔掉的食物足以养活一年2亿人，即中国人每年扔掉许多食物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.可知2010年，全世界有9.25亿饥饿人口，特别是发展中国家，每年有600万儿童死于饥饿。故选C。

（3）推断题。根据Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food.可知人们已经意识到节约食物的重要性，所以每个人应该养成节约食物的习惯，故选D。（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了许多人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日常生活中节约食物的方式。即不要浪费食物，故选A。

7．阅读理解

Boston Children's Museum is the second oldest children's museum in the United States. It has been teaching children with a huge collection of objects（可触摸的实物） since 1913. Here's a list of some interesting exhibits in the museum.

Arthur &. Friends This exhibit features the characters （人物） from Marc Brown's books and the television series. Children can learn and play in the Read Family Kitchen, Mr Ratburn's Classroom and the Backyard Sleepover. Art Studio Art Studio is a place where children and their parents can create art together. The Common The Common is a place where visitors can experience light shows, musical chairs, a gigantic checkers game and many other activities. Japanese House Japanese House is a real two-storey house from Kyoto, Japan, Boston's Japanese sister city. Visitors can learn about 'Japanese family life, culture, art and seasonal

events at the exhibit.

Kid Power This exhibit teaches visitors how to live healthier lives by eating right and

exercising.

A. One.

B. Two.

C. Three.

D. Four.

（2）Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The museum is over 100 years old.

B. Arthur is a real person.

C. Parents cannot go into Art Studio.

D. Japanese House is in Kyoto right now.

（3）Seven-year-old Tony is interested in checkers games. Which exhibit should he visit?

A. Art Studio.

B. The Common.

C. Japanese House.

D. Kid Power.

（4）Children can learn about healthy eating at _______________.

A. Arthur & Friends

B. Art Studio

C. Japanese House

D. Kid Power

（5）The passage is most probably a _______________.

A. speech

B. notice

C. poster

D. story

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍波士顿儿童博物馆，这里孩子可以触摸实物，并且介绍了博物馆一些有趣的展览处所。

（1）细节题。根据Boston Children's Museum is the second oldest children's museum in the United States.波士顿儿童博物馆是美国第二最古老的儿童博物馆。可知，美国只有一个博物馆比波士顿儿童博物馆更古老，故选A 。

（2）细节题。根据It has been teaching children with a huge collection of objects （可触摸的实物） since 1913.可知，博物馆已有100多年了，故选A 。

（3）细节题。根据The Common is a place where visitors can experience light shows, musical chairs, a gigantic checkers game.可知，托尼对跳棋游戏感兴趣，可以去the common ，故选B 。

（4）细节题。根据This exhibit teaches visitors how to live healthier lives by eating right and exercising.可知，孩子们可以在Kids power学习到健康饮食，故选D。

（5）推断题。本文介绍了波士顿儿童博物馆，而且详细介绍了博物馆里一些处所，这篇文章很可能是一篇海报，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

8．阅读理解

There are many different kinds of festivals around the world. Here are four of them.

Saint Patrick's Day in Ireland

Ireland is an island country. It's in the west of Europe, There are wide green fields.

Saint Patrick's Day is on 17th March. It's an important holiday in Ireland. This holiday is to remember Saint Patrick. He did good things for the people of Ireland.

During the holiday, there are parades and lots of green. You can see people in green clothes, and you can even see green buildings.

Red Wednesday in Iran

Red Wednesday is a fire jumping festival in Iran. It is on the eve（前夜）of the last Wednesday of the year. People jump over the fire. They hope that it will take all the bad things away.

Quebec Winter Carnival in Canada

When winter comes, it's party time in Quebec City, Canada. The Quebec Winter Carnival is all about outdoor fun. It starts from the end of January and ends in mid February.

One of the most popular activities is the dog sledding race（狗拉雪橇比赛）. It has more than 30 teams and the race goes on for 6 kilometres. You can see happiness on every face.

The Desert（沙漠） Festival in Tunisia

Tunisia is a very important country in North Africa. Every year on the last Sunday of December, the Desert Festival is held in Tunisia. As "Ships of the Desert", camels are very important in the festival. There is camel racing and camel wrestling（摔跤）.

（1）On Saint Patrick's Day, you can see the following EXCEPT ________________.

A. camels

B. parades

C. people in green

D. green buildings

（2）What do people do on Red Wednesday in Iran?

A. They run in the snow.

B. They wear red clothes.

C. They jump over the fire.

D. They watch the camel racing.

（3）Which of the following is TRUE about the dog sledding race according to the passage?

A. The race takes place on 17th March.

B. The race goes on for 6 kilometres.

C. The race has a history of about 10 years.

D. About 30 people go to the race every year.

（4）When is the Desert Festival in Tunisia every year?

A. On the first Sunday of February.

B. On the last Sunday of December.

C. On the eve of the last Friday of the year.

D. On the eve of the last Wednesday of the year.

（5）Where can we probably find the passage?

A. In a storybook.

B. In a cookbook.

C. In a travel magazine.

D. In a sport magazine.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了全世界不同的四个节日。

（1）细节题。根据During the holiday, there are parades and lots of green. You can see people in green clothes, and you can even see green buildings.可知节日期间，有游行和大量的绿色。你可以看到人们穿着绿色的衣服，你甚至可以看到绿色的建筑。没有骆驼，故选A。（2）细节题。根据Red Wednesday in Iran People jump over the fire.可知人们跳火，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据One of the most popular activities is the dog sledding race（狗拉雪橇比赛）. It has more than 30 teams and the race goes on for 6 kilometres.最受欢迎的活动之一是狗雪橇比赛。它有超过30支队伍，比赛持续了6公里。故选B。

（4）细节题。根据The Desert（沙漠）Festival in Tunisia Every year on the last Sunday of December, the Desert Festival is held in Tunisia.可知在12月最后一个星期天，故选B。

（5）细节题。根据There are many different kinds of festivals around the world.可知主要讲了全世界不同的四个节日，所以是来自旅行杂志，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

9．阅读理解

Barry is having a very difficult time in his life. His wife recently passed away. He is very sad.

Barry's neighbor, a very old woman named Gertrude, sees him from her yard one day. She has not seen him outside for days!

"Hello, Barry! Just look at this fence. It is broken. You are a strong man, and you have some free time. I want you to fix this fence for me," Gertrude says.

Barry is angry. He thinks the old lady is very selfish. Still, he knows she is a nice woman, and he respects her. He agrees to help her.

Barry works for days. Gertrude brings him lemonade while he works. When he finishes, he smiles for the first time in months.

"You did such a wonderful job. Do you think you could paint it for me?" Gertrude smiles at him. Barry cannot believe his ears. Doesn't she know how sad he is? But because he respects her so much, Barry agrees. He works hard in the hot sun, but Gertrude's lemonade and encouragement are wonderful. He feels proud of the beautiful fence he is making.

Over the next few weeks, Gertrude keeps giving Barry jobs. He even repairs her door. All the neighbors pass by and tell Barry what a beautiful job he has done.

He finally realizes that she has never been rude. She is really very wise. He knows that simply getting busy with something can take sorrow away. He helps her, but she truly saves him.

（1）Why does Barry agree to help Gertrude to fix the fence?

A. Because he thinks Gertrude is too old.

B. Because he has some free time.

C. Because he is strong enough.

D. Because he respects her.

（2）Barry does a lot for Gertrude, but he doesn't ________ for her.

A. repair the door

B. fix the fence

C. paint the fence

D. buy lemonade （3）What does the underlined word "sorrow" mean in Chinese?

A. 愤怒

B. 遗憾

C. 悲伤

D. 喜悦（4）From the text, we can learn that Gertrude is ________.

A. selfish and rude

B. kind but rude

C. nice and wise

D. friendly but selfish

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章中介绍了一个叫巴里的男子丧妻，非常难过，他的邻居是一位老太太，为了让他从痛苦中解脱出来，就让巴里为她干一些家务活，通过不断地干活与交流，巴里从悲伤中解脱出来，同时感受到到邻居的爱心与良苦用心。

（1）细节理解题。根据Still, he knows she is a nice woman, and he respects her. He agrees to help her at last.可知Barry非常敬重这位老太太，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据I want you to fix this fence for me；Do you think you could paint it for me?以及He even helps repairing her door.可知Barry为老太太修门，篱笆以及在篱笆上画画，但是没有买柠檬水，故选D。

（3）词义推断题。根据 His wife recently passed away. He is very sad. 可知Barry很悲伤，但是他的邻居Gertrude，通过让Barry忙碌起来的方式，让Barry忘记自己的悲痛，因此sorrow意为“悲伤”故选C。

（4）理解归纳题。由文章内容可知Gertrude是一个友善明智的人。故选C。

10．阅读理解

It's a cold, grey Sunday afternoon in March. The British are all working in their gardens. They're digging, cutting leaves and planting new seeds（种子）. By summer, their gardens will be full of bright colors.

The British love their gardens. A British newspaper recently asked people for their opinions

about them. Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden, and over 50% of these described gardening as the most enjoyable thing they ever did.

Only one in ten houses in Britain do not have a garden. People who live in houses without gardens often rent（租用） land from the government.

At first, only very rich people had gardens. You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history, such as Chatsworth House or Castle Howard. In the early twentieth century, however, gardening became a hobby. People bought different kinds of seeds and plants for their gardens. Although roses, sunflowers and tomatoes are often grown in British gardens, they originally（起初） grew wild in other countries.

Every year, there are competitions for the largest vegetables, but don't expect to win：Britain's biggest carrot is almost six metres long.

（1）In summer, British gardens are often .

A. covered with grey leaves and plants

B. colorful with different plants

C. too hot for people to work there

D. full of people digging there

（2）A recent survey showed that of the British felt it important to do some gardening.

A. around 70%

B. over 50%

C. only 20%

D. about 10%

（3）We can infer from Paragraph 4 that .

A. seeds were provided for free

B. roses were first grown in Britain

C. gardening is a hobby in the world

D. the owner of Chatsworth House was rich

（4）What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence?

A. It is common to grow carrots.

B. It is hard to win the competition.

C. The carrot is much easier to grow.

D. The carrot is their favorite vegetable.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是讲述了英国人喜欢种花园的事情。

（1）细节题。根据By summer, their gardens will be full of bright colours.可知是五颜六色的植物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden，可知大概70%人们觉得花时间在花园里很重要，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据At first, only very rich people had gardens. You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history, such as Chatsworth House，可知Chatsworth House得主人是富有的，故选D。

（4）词义猜测题。根据Every year, there are competitions for the largest vegetables, but don't expect to win: Britain's biggest carrot is almost six metres long. 可知想要超过6米长的胡萝卜很难，所以赢比赛很难，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

11．阅读理解

By Anna Matteo

28 January, 2019

A 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home with his family. But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers（救援者） that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend — a bear.

The child went missing on January 22 while playing with friends near his grandmother's house in North Carolina. When the other children returned but Casey did not, the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police.

Police formed a search team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods. But two days went by and — no Casey.

Then on January 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9:30 that night. He was in good health.

Casey told the rescuers he had hung out with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his "friend".

The police officer Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies. He said Casey did not say how he could survive in the woods for two days in the cold, rainy weather. "However," the police officer said, "he did say he had a friend in the woods that was a bear with him."

Hundreds of people helped in the search and rescue efforts, including some 600 volunteers, police and members of the army. Doctors at the medical center gave Casey some examination. He was then sent to his family on January 25.

His mother talked with reporters and thanked everyone who joined the search for her son. "We just want to tell everybody that we're very thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey," said his mother. "He is up and talking. He's already asked to watch cartoons."

（1）Who stayed with Casey during in the woods the two days ?

A. A bear.

B. The police.

C. His mother.

D. The volunteers.（2）The underlined word "survive" in Paragraph 6 probably means " ".

A. give up

B. get lost

C. fall asleep

D. keep alive

（3）What is the correct order in which these happen?

a. Someone heard a child crying.

b. The family started to look for Casey.

c. Casey played with his friends.

d. The police found Casey was in good health.

A. b- c- a- d

B. b- c- d- a

C. c- b- a- d

D. c- b- d- a

（4）After Casey was sent back home, he was .

A. scared

B. nervous

C. relaxed

D. surprised

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Casey Hathaway走丢后神奇的经历。

（1）细节题。根据He said he was with a friend —a bear，可知这两天熊和凯西呆在树林里，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。根据in the woods for two days in the cold在寒冷的树林里呆了两天，可知survive是 keep alive生存的意思，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据讲述了Casey Hathaway走丢后神奇的经历，可知首先凯西和他的朋友一起玩后来不见了，一家人开始寻找凯西，有人听到一个孩子在哭，最后警方发现凯西身体健康，故C的顺序是对的，故选C。

（4）推理题。根据He is up and talking. He's already asked to watch cartoons他起来说话了。他已经被要求看卡通片了，可知凯西被送回家后，他很放松，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

12．阅读理解

Have you found this? Sometimes, on grey, rainy days, your mood level is lower than on bright, sunny days. Is this a coincidence（巧合）, or is there some science behind this? Would you like to know more about how the weather can affect how you feel?

According to a recent study, there is a connection between weather and moods. Going to a warm place in the middle of winter can make our moods better. Pleasant weather has been proved to improve moods and memory. However, extremely hot weather can actually make us feel more tired and bored, spoiling our moods.

In the study, people who spent time outdoors in warm weather were happier than those who spent all day inside.

The best temperature for humans is about 22.2℃. That explains why people in southern California are happy all the time. To improve his or her moods, a person must spend at least 30 minutes outside in warm, sunny weather. Spending time indoors when the weather outside is so nice tends to lower moods.

Maybe just the activities connected with being outside affect our moods. Warm weather is connected with the beach, fun outdoor sports and so on. It brings back childhood memories of playing outside all day. Who doesn't love that?

Of course, we can wake up every day and decide how we will feel that day. If it's rainy, that won't necessarily make us unhappy. We'll just have to bring our umbrellas out and cheer up those who are feeling sad!

（1）According to the study, we may feel on extremely hot days.

A. happier

B. more bored

C. more excited

D. more pleased

（2）Warm weather can help improve our moods and according to the passage.

A. sight

B. memory

C. height

D. hearing

（3）Why are people in southern California happy all the time?

A. Because the weather there is always cold.

B. Because people there don't like doing sports.

C. Because the temperature there is the best for humans.

D. Because the weather there is extremely hot all the year round.

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. Rainy Days Make Us Sad

B. The Best Temperature for Humans

C. Go Outside on Sunny Days

D. How the Weather Affects Our Moods

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了天气怎样影响人的心情的。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句However, extremely hot weather can actually make us feel more tired and bored, spoiling our moods.理解可知，极端炎热的天气实际上会让我们感到更加疲倦和无聊，破坏我们的心情。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Pleasant weather has been proved to improve moods and memory. 理解可知，宜人的天气有助于改善情绪和记忆力。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The best temperature for humans is about 22.2℃. That explains why people in southern California are happy all the time. 可知，那里的气温最适宜于人类，故选C。

（4）标题归纳题。通读全文可知此文主要介绍了天气怎样影响人的情绪的，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

13．阅读理解

Anna was excited about starting her first day in the new school. However, when she first walked past the students in the school, her excitement turned to fear, and then to loneliness（孤独） over the next few days. "Why didn't anyone say 'hi' to me or invite me to his or her lunch table? Is it because of my clothes or my hair?" she wondered. Almost every day during the first week, Anna stayed alone, thinking that there must have been something wrong with her or that nobody saw her at all!

What caused Anna's problem? The reason was that nobody knew her. Most people don't like talking with strangers. So it's your job to volunteer to make contact with people who you want to know. The easiest way to catch their attention is to notice them first. Make eye contact with them, and smile at them. When you smile at them, you are doing your best to show your kindness to them, and they are sure to understand that you are saying, "Hey, how's everything going?" In this

way, you are taking the first step towards the road to friendship.

When Anna realized this, she started talking to her classmates. Guess what happened? It really worked. She had made two friends by the end of the month.

In fact, saying "hi" or making friends with strangers is not hard. And the joy it brings you is really great. So try to open your heart to strangers!

（1）Which of the following shows the change in Anna's feelings?

A. excited→afraid→lonely→happy

B. happy→lonely→sad→proud

C. afraid→relaxed→nervous→hap py

D. nervous→angry→happy→sad

（2）The underlined word "contact" in Paragraph 2 means .

A. agree

B. greet

C. praise

D. communicate

（3）According to the writer's opinion, which is the easiest way to catch others' attention?

A. Doing something for them.

B. Making yourself cool.

C. Noticing them first.

D. Talking to them.

（4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. Loneliness is a common problem these days.

B. Teenagers can't get along well with each other.

C. Opening our heart to strangers can help us get friends.

D. It's hard to take the first step towards the road to friendship.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：实例告诉我们在新环境下，怎样改变我们的孤独感。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Anna was excited about starting her first day in the new school. However, when she first walked past the students in the school, her excitement turned to fear, and then to loneliness（孤独） over the next few days.以及When Anna realized this, she started talking to her classmates. Guess what happened? It really worked. She had made two friends by the end of the month.可知，Anna的心情变化是激动，担心，孤独与开心，故选A。

（2）词义推断题。根据文中的语句So it's your job to volunteer to make contact with people who you want to know. 可知，contact的含义是联系，故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The easiest way to catch their attention is to notice them first. 理解可知，最容易引起他们注意的方法是先注意他们。故选C。

（4）理解归纳题。根据文中的语句In fact, saying "hi" or making friends with strangers is not hard. And the joy it brings you is really great. So try to open your heart to strangers!理解可知，敞开心扉，面对陌生人，可以让我们成为好朋友，故选C。

14．阅读理解

A The Dragon Boat Festival is a folk festival which has a history of more than two thousand years. It is also named Chongwu Festival. There are many activities on the day.

Dragon boat race

The dragon boat race is an important competition during the festival. People held dragon boat races in the river to remember the poet, Qu Yuan. Now, the dragon boat race is a traditional activity for Chinese people.

Wearing sweet-smelling bags

During the Dragon Boat Festival, children usually wear sweet-smelling bags to avoid bad things. In some areas of China, a sweet-smelling bag is also used as a symbol of love between lovers.

Girls' Day

A long time ago, a married daughter would return to her parents's home during the Dragon Boat Festival. So the Dragon Boat Festival is also called Girls' Day.

Eating rice dumplings

Eating rice dumplings is also a custom for Chinese people. The rice dumpling is a kind of food with different designs and styles. For thousands of years, the custom of eating rice dumplings has been popular in China and has spread to Korea, Japan and countries in Southeast Asia.

（1）The Dragon Boat Festival is called ________.

A. The Spring Festival

B. Yuanxiao Festival

C. Mid-Autumn Festival

D. Double Fifth Festival

（2）What should Chinese do during the Dragon Boat Festival?

①Take part in a dragon boat race.

②Wear bags that have sweet smells.

③Eat delicious noodles.

④Throw water at each other.

A. ①②

B. ②③

C. ①④

D. ③④

（3）Rice dumplings ________.

A. can express love between lovers

B. are eaten to avoid bad things

C. have different designs and styles

D. are only eaten in China

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在龙舟节期间中国人参加龙舟节比赛。为了纪念屈原，因此人们举行龙舟比赛。人们吃粽子，粽子有不同的设计和款式。

（1）细节题。根据 A The Dragon Boat Festival is a folk festival which has a history of more

than two thousand years. It is also named Chongwu Festival. 可知龙舟节也叫重五节，故选D。（2）细节题。根据children usually wear sweet-smelling bags 和The dragon boat race is an important competition during the festival 可知龙舟节期间人们举行龙舟赛并且带有甜味的袋子，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据The rice dumpling is a kind of food with different designs and styles 可知粽子有不同的设计和款式，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

15．阅读理解

Except for a few times, Americans are not big present-givers. There's no exchange of presents among business people, and if one American tries to give another a present, it may look like that he wants to bribe（贿赂） him. Americans have learned that in some other countries people like to give presents to others, but among ourselves we don't see the need for presents.

Even friends may never exchange presents. When I go to foreign countries, I try to bring back little things for close friends, but nobody would feel unhappy if I didn't. I don't often remember a friend's birthday, and few people outside of my family remember mine. If someone gave me presents too often, I'd get unpleasant. But a present from a foreigner-that kind from his or her homeland-won't go wrong, except to government employees（政府职员） who can't be given presents.

You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and birthday presents. You should only say, "It's so nice. Thanks…" when you get Christmas or birthday presents.

You may want to bring a bottle of wine（葡萄酒） or flowers to a dinner party, but you're never asked to. Nobody will mind if you bring wine, but your friend may not use it that evening.

At Christmas we often give presents to our family and sometimes our friends. We also give presents to people who have been helpful during the year—doormen, babysitters, housecleaners, newspaper senders—anyone who has often helped us.

（1）What kind of presents don't Americans usually open in front of the givers?

A. The small presents.

B. Christmas or birthday presents.

C. The expensive presents.

D. The presents for dinner party.

（2）Which of the following do you think is RIGHT?

A. American business people don't want presents because they are rich enough.

B. The writer of this passage must be an American.

C. Everyone must give presents to one's family and friends at Christmas.

D. Government employees can get little presents from a foreigner.

（3）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Present-giving in the United States.

B. Customs（习俗） in the United States.

C. American people and present-giving.

中考英语单选易错题(教师版)

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