专利文摘翻译要求
根据测试译稿中所出现的问题，现归纳关于专利文摘翻译的要求如下：
一、正确理解原文意义，译文表达合乎逻辑
要求把各种部件的包含关系、相对位置与连接关系加以正确理解和翻译。
举例：
[原文] 提供一种小型扬声器，即使是小径振动板的小型扬声器，其再生频带也可以取得宽，对于大的输入也耐用，并且可靠性高。
[译文] Providing a small speaker, even if it is of small-sized vibrating plate can acquire band width of regeneration frequency enduring for big input with high credibility.
译文中未把原文中的几层意义表达清楚。
二、正确选用术语
对于共性的专利术语须做到规范；
举例：
[原文][本实用新型公开了一种电连接器（１０）
[错误译文]The utility model publishes one kind of electric coupler (10)
“公开了”应当用”discloses”而不是“publishes，releases”。
其他还应注意：
“一种”不译为“a kind of”或“a sort of”，直接用“a(n)”即可；
“所述”不译为”the above-mentioned, the described” 或“said”，直接用“the“；
“其特征在于”：用“characterized in that, (下接一完整的句子)”；
“多个/数个/几个/很多/许多”：勿用“many/several/some”, 而用“a plurality of”；
表示“设有”时，不用“there be”结构表达。
对于不同技术领域所使用的专业术语须做到准确。
三、避免译文中的语法错误
1．正确使用语态，动词的变化形式
[例1]该连接器端子可以抑制镀敷处理成本， 因此抑制连接器端子制造成本。
This connector terminal can restrain the plating and coating treatment cost, so restrict the manufacturing cost of the connector terminal.
（应当用thereby restricting）
[例2]本实用新型不仅能同时发布各种不同的广告，而且在所有广告物上照射均匀的光，因而能提高广告的品质。
The utility model can not only promulgate several different ad bodies, but also irradiate equable lights upon all the ads, improving the advertisements’ quality consequently.
（缺少必要的连接词 thereby improving）
2.正确使用冠词
可数名词前面的冠词使用不当（某一部件名称首次出现时前面用“a(n)”，后面再次出现时前面用“the”）
3.正确使用代词
使用代词“it” “its”在译文中容易引起指代不清的问题，应直接写明指代的对象。
4.正确使用复合句表述复杂的意义
注意使用合适的连词。
摘要翻译要点与中英对照举例
一.摘要翻译的基本知识
1.摘要内容
公开内容的概要，包括
名称；
技术领域：发明主题（如产品、物质、材料、工具、装置、设备、制造方法、
使用方法、通讯方法、处理方法、将产品用于特定用途的方法）
技术内容：所要解决的技术问题
解决该问题的技术方案的要点
主要用途，技术效果，优点（但不得使用商业性宣传用语）
摘要全文一般不超过300个字。
2.摘要的翻译要点
（1）摘要常用英文表述方法
时态：通常采用一般现在时
“本发明涉及一种 ………或者方法,”
英文翻译通常采用: “The present invention relates to …… or a method (process), ……….”
“涉及”的英文译文: relate to, direct to, is related to, associate, concern等。
例如： The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), wherein R is substituted phenyl;
其他要点:
A.本发明
the invention
the present invention
本实用新型
the utility model
B： 本发明属于： “属于”可用pertain, belong to等表示，
例如： The present invention pertains to water pumps of the centrifugal impeller type.
C：本发明提供： “提供” provide
例如： A method and system for an extensible macro language is provided.
The present utility model provides a remote control plane.
在使用provide 这个词的时候，通常也采用被动语态 be provided，例如上述的例子。
D: 本发明公开： “公开” disclose
例如： A non-contamination contained paper pulping technology and method of bioconversion/oxygenation under fully close condition is disclosed.
（2）技术内容翻译常用英文表述方法：
该部分应按科技文献翻译的一概要求翻译，特别需要注意的问题当涉及到方法或者系统，或者组合物时，可以采用以动词分词词组来组成的方法步骤进行翻译。而且，应当注意的是技术特征部分是否是开放式还是闭合式的，即正确使用comprise, consist of, contain, essentially consist of, substantially comprise 等等。
A. 连接词辩析：
用comprising, including, containing来表达“包含”、“包括”或“含有”。
用consisting of 来表达“由…组成”，consisting essentially of“基本上由…组成”或“大体上由…组成”。
两类连接词的重大意义差别为：
consisting of A and B：只包括A及B，无其他；
comprising A and B：除包括A及B外，尚可能包括C、D等。
B. 第几个的表示法
a first MOSFET transistor and a second MOSFET transistor
C. 复数的表示
a plurality of As were used in the prior art而非a plurality of As was used in the prior art
a plurality of As (upon first occurrence anywhere and at any occurrences within the claims)
these As (but not within the claims)
D. 格式与标点符号的使用
格式：
齐头式；
逗号、句号后空一格，符号（逗号，句号，分号，括号等）紧邻前面的词，没有空格；
英文中不使用顿号；
标点符号不可完全沿用原文，应按英
文书写
规定使用。
E.不需译出的情形：
计量单位（如Kg,cm,ml,m/s,rpm）、数学符号、数学公式、各种编程语言、计算机程序、化学元素或分子符号、序列代号及特定意义的表示符号等。
F. 常见汉语术语的表示法：
装置：apparatus, device, means, arrangement
设备：equipment
组件：component
器件：device
构件：means, member, element
元件：element
零件：part
单元：element, unit
方法：method, process
组合物：composition
组分（化学领域）：component
具有：（be）provided with
实质上，大体上：substantially
优选：preferred, preferential
所属领域的技术人员：those skilled in the art, those of ordinary skill in the art
现有技术：prior art
该项技术中的已知方法：methods known in the art
实施例：embodiment
基于：-based(例如：基于软件的software-based)
设有: (be) equipped with, 或 （be）provided with
二.摘要举例
1. 装置的结构
本发明涉及一种用于使头发平直，特别是用于使头发矫直装置，包括与电源相连的连接装置，以及基本上包括一个套筒(2)和一个端部(3)，所述端部包括至少三个梳子(6，7，8)和一个用于使头发平直的加热装置(4)，其特征在于所述梳子包括一个能够在调节装置(10)影响下使头发拉连续紧的夹紧元件。
The invention relates to a device for smoothing out hair, in particular to straighten and shape them, provided with means to be connected to the electric power system and comprising essentially a handle (2) and a head (3), said head including at least three combs (6, 7, 8) and heating means for smoothing (4). The invention is characterized in that said comb(s) form a gripping element adapted to exert a continuous tension of the hair under the effect of control means (10).
2.装置的结构与功能
一种旋转式压片机，它包括一其中可拆卸地安装有一压缩单元(14) 的壳体。该压缩单元(14)包括一具有冲头(17，18)的模具台(15)，一用于向模具(16)中供应要被压缩的材料的进给装置，和一用于拆卸压片状的压缩材料的压片卸料装置。该压缩单元(14)在一室中封闭每一模具开口及其对应的第一端部(21，22)，该进给装置和压片卸料装置被封闭，该进给装置与一入口连通用于和一外部供给通道可拆开地连接，并且该压片卸料装置与一出口连通。
The rotary tablet press comprises a housing, in which a compression unit (14) is detachably mounted. The compression unit (14) comprises a die table (15) with punches (17, 18), a feeding device for the supply of material to be compressed into the dies (16), and a tablet discharge device for removal of compressed material in the form of tablets. The compression unit (14) encloses each die opening and its corresponding first punc
h end (21, 22) in a chamber, the feeding device and the tablet d
ischarge device are enclosed, the feeding device communicates with an inlet for detachable connection with an external supply channel, and the tablet discharge device communicates with an outlet.
3.装置的复杂结构
本发明涉及一种用于裤子的便携式自动熨压机，其包括两个壳体 (2)，每个壳体包括一个可转动地安装在一个底座(7)上的矩形压熨板 (3)。一个中间隔板刚性连接到该底座上，并在其顶部具有位于压熨板之间的一个开口，同时至少一个压熨板具有一个加热元件。该底座包括刚性连接在一起的一个水平下部(8)以及至少一个横向垂直部分(9)。该底座的垂直部分(9)包括引导机构(11)和一个支撑一个臂(12)的伸长杆(10)。在该熨压机底座上布置有电子控制块、控制面板、以及用于引导工具打开和压紧压熨板(3)以及操纵伸长杆(10)的至少一个驱动齿轮。该壳体(2)包括可通过其释放裤子下部的窗口(20)。
The invention relates to a portable automatic ironing press for the trousers which comprises two housings (2) comprising each a rectangular pressing ironing plates (3) pivotally mounted on a base (7). A central dividing plate is rigidly connected to the base and has a cut in its top part located between the pressing ironing plates while at least one of the plates has a heating element. The base has a lower horizontal part (8) and at least one lateral vertical part (9) rigidly linked to each other. The vertical part (9) of the base comprises guiding means (11) and an extended shaft (10) bearing an arm (12). In the base of the press are located the electronic control bloc, control board and at least one driving gear to guide the tools to open and press the pressing ironing plates (3) and operate the extended shaft (10). The housing (2) include windows (20) through which the lower part of the trousers can be discharged.
4.装置的结构与位置关系
一种超声波接收器(20)，包括主要由柔性压电膜构成的中空圆柱体(22)，该中空圆柱体具有外表面(24)、内表面(26)、中心轴线(28)和平行于中心轴线(28)测量的高度。由施加在该表面上的导电材料构成感应电极，而由施加在外表面(24)上的导电材料构成接地电极(32)。由支持结构来支持中空圆柱体(22)，该支持结构被构造为使得振动波能够围绕中空圆柱体(22)的主要部分在圆周方向上传播。该感应电极被构造为沿该高度的主要部分在基本平行于中心轴线(28)的延伸方向上延伸的条，该条与中心轴线(28)的对角不超过90°。
An ultrasound receiver (20) includes a hollow cylinder (22) formed primarily from flexible piezoelectric film, the hollow cylinder (22) having an outer surface (24) an inner surface (26), a central axis (28) and a height measured
parallel to the central axis (28). A sensing electrode is formed from conductive material applied to the surface, whil
e a grounded electrode (32) is formed from conductive material applied to the outer surface (24). The hollow cylinder (2) is supported by a support structure configured to allow propagation of vibration waves circumferentially around a major part of the hollow cylinder (22). The sensing electrode is formed as a strip extending in an extensional direction substantially parallel to the central axis (28) along a major part of the height, the strip subtending at the central axis (28) at an angle of not more than 90 degrees.
脊椎之间的假体(1)具有一个能插入脊椎之间区域的具有一个中心轴线(4)的中间部分(2)、一个内端(7)和一个外端(8)以及两个在外端伸出的、相对于中心轴线(4)沿半径方向和直径方向延伸的突出部(3)，突出部(3)能插入两个相邻的脊椎骨体的棘突之间的区域，中间部分(2)在其背向突出部(3)的内端(7)上有一个轴向的凹槽(5)，用于容纳一个基本上与假体(1)对称的配合件(6)。
An interspinal prosthesis (1) comprising a middle piece (2) which can be introduced into the interspinal area and which has a center axis (4), an inner end (7) and an outer end (8) in addition to two extensions (3) extending radially and diametrically with respect to the center axis (4), originating from the outer end (8), said extensions being able to be introduced into the interspinal area of two adjacent bodies of the vertebra. The inner end (7) of the middle piece (2) opposite the extensions (3) has an axial recess (5) for receiving a counter piece (6) which is substantially symmetrical with respect to the prosthesis (1).
5．结构间位置关系的表达
一种多功能卧式压力机，其具有一个用于被拉伸或缩口的管状工件的固定工件夹具，并且包括一个压力机主体(1)，所述压力机主体顶部装有一个工作台(2)，工作台(2)具一个上表面(3) 和一个相反下表面(4)，在工作台(2)上水平设置了一个作业液压缸。与一个通孔(70)相关联地设有一个桥架(8)，所述横梁下方刚性连接着一个具有面向下方的凹腔的上侧夹爪(12)。一个支撑件(13)在工作台(2)的下表面(4)下方面对着桥架(8) 延伸，并且支撑着一个具有缸杆(15)的夹持液压缸(14)，所述缸杆指向上方并且设有一个下侧夹爪(16)，所述下侧夹爪可在所述桥架(8)内沿着朝向和远离上侧夹爪(12)的方向竖直滑动。
A multipurpose horizontal press having a fixed workpiece-holder for a tubular workpiece to be drawn or tapered comprising a press body (1) surmounted by a worktable (2), having a superior surface (3) and an inferior surface (4), on the worktable (2) being positioned horizontally an operating hydraulic cylinder and, in correspondence with a through ope
ning (70), a bridge (8) to which inferiorly a superior jaw (12) having its concavity facing downward, is rigidly connected. Opposite to the bridge (8) a support element (13
) extends under the inferior surface (4) and supports a clamping hydraulic cylinder (14), having a rod (15) facing upward and provided with an inferior jaw (16), being sledge vertically inside said bridge (8) toward the superior jaw (12) and away from it.
6．装置(电信类)
本发明提供一种终端装置、服务器、计算机执行的信息处理方法、程序和媒体，所述终端装置具备与上述服务器装置通信的通信部、执行经上述通信部从上述服务器装置接收到的程序的处理部和控制上述通信部和处理部的控制部，上述控制部在所述处理部完成第1程序的执行时，取得该执行结果的保存目的地，并经上述通信部从上述服务器装置接收进一步处理该执行结果的第2程序，并由上述处理部来执行该第2程序。
A terminal apparatus comprising a communication unit for communicating with a server apparatus; a processing unit for executing a program received from the server apparatus via the communication unit; and a control unit for controlling the communication and processing units; When the processing unit completes an execution of a first program; the control unit acquires a destination in which to store the result of that execution; receives; from the server apparatus via the communication unit; a second program for further processing the execution result; and then causes the processing unit to execute the second program.