名词解释
1.语言language,Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.
2.reference,
2.语用学pragmatics, the study of meaning in context of words
3.语际语interlanguage,The approximate language system that a second language learner constructs which represents his or her transitional competence in the target language.
4.发音语音学articulatory, describes the way our speech organs work to produce the speech sounds and how they differ.
5.语音学phonetics,it’s defined as the study of the phonic medium of language, it’s concerned with all the sounds that occur in the world’s languages.
6.句法学syntax, it's a subfield of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of a language.
7.反义词antonymy, It’s the term used for oppositeness of meaning on differ ent dimension.
8.词素morpheme, The basic unit in the study of morphology and the smallest meaningful unit of language.
9.语义学semantics, It’s simply defined as the study of meaning in abstraction.
10.上坐标词superordinate,
11.意义sense, It’s concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form. It’s the collection of all the features of the linguistic form, it’s abstract and de-contextualized. 12.语境context, The notion of context is essential to the pragmatic study of language, it’s generally considered as constituted by the knowledge shared by the speaker and the hearer.
13.言内行为locutionary act,A locutionary act is the act of uttering words, phrases ,clauses. it’s the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and phonology.
14.有序规则sequential rules ,Rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language.
15. 语言习得language acquisition,Language acquisition refers to the development of the Child’s acquisition of his mother tongue or first language, i.e, how he comes to understa nd and to speak the language of his community.
16.音系学phonology, the study of sounds systems—the inventory of distinctive sounds that occur in a language and the patterns into which they fall.
17. 最小对立对minimal pairs,When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings, the two words are said to form a minimal pair.
18.语言langue,The abstract linguistic system shared by all members of a speech community.
19.音位phoneme, The basic unit in phonology, it’s a collection of distinctive phonetic features.
20.多义词polysemy, It refers to different words may have the same or similar meaning, the same one word may have more than one meaning.
21.语言学linguistics,Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.
22. 语言能力competence,Competence is the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language.
23.语言僵化fossilization,A process that sometimes occurs in second language learning in which incorrect linguistic features (such as the accent of a grammatical pattern) become a permanent part of the way a person speaks or writes in the target language.
24.所指意义reference, It means what a linguistic form refers to in the real, physical world, it deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
